JPH0871439A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Corrected) [Purpose] To provide a crusher with low heat generation inside the machine and good crushability when crushing to a specified particle size. [Structure] A rotor A supported by a rotating shaft and having a large number of irregularities along the generatrix of an outer surface, and a large number along a generatrix of an inner surface fitted with a gap between the rotor and the rotor A. And a stator B having a concavo-convex portion, and a solid substance is supplied from a mouth 1 at one end of the outer surface of the stator, and while the rotor is rotated, the solid substance is directed from one end to a mouth 2 at one end of the outer surface of the stator. In a crusher for crushing a solid substance into a predetermined size between a rotor and a stator while moving the solid substance with a gas flow. 1. The unevenness of the outer surface of the rotor is a tooth profile in which the inner wall has a continuous recessed portion including a curved portion and a straight portion. The straight portion (crushing surface) of the inner wall of the recess of the rotor facing the direction of rotation so that the straight portion (crushing surface) of the wall is 70 to 30 ° with respect to the tangent of the rotor so as to face the stator. The tip was tilted to the opposite side of the rotor rotation direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher which can be used for crushing solids, but is particularly effective for crushing thermoplastic resins, powder toners, coffee, etc. which are not susceptible to thermal alteration.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a mechanical impact type crusher for crushing a thermoplastic material to about 10 microns has a large number of uneven portions along a generatrix of an outer surface which is supported by a rotary shaft and can rotate about the shaft. A rotor (A) having and a stator (B) having a large number of uneven portions along a generatrix of an inner surface fitted with a gap between the rotor (A) and
The solid substance is supplied from the mouth (1) at one end of the outer surface of the stator (B), and while rotating the rotor (A), the mouth of the one end of the outer surface of the stator (B) is fed from the one end (1). (2)
The solid substance is crushed to a predetermined size between the rotor (A) and the stator (B) while moving the solid substance with the flow of gas toward.

However, the pulverized product obtained here contains coarse particles and fine particles. The coarse particles are classified by a coarse powder classifier and returned to the pulverizer for re-pulverization. The fine particles are also cut by the classifier, and the pulverized product becomes a product having a predetermined particle size distribution through such a process. The problem of this mechanical impact type crusher is that the crushed material contains many coarse particles, and the amount of retained coarse particles stays 2 to 3 times the feed amount of the raw material. Since the amount of air flow is large and the amount of air passing through is low, the amount of feed is restricted by the temperature rise. Moreover, the amount of fine powder due to over-pulverization is not small.

[0004]

As a solution to this problem, if the tip of the crushing surface of the rotor is set to 70 ° or less with respect to the tangent to the rear in the rotation direction, the crushability is improved, but the crushing surface presses air against the uneven surface of the stator. As a result, the air will not escape properly and will burn. This is also the same as when the crusher is provided with a cooling jacket and the inside of the machine is cooled by ventilating cold air. Further, when the solid substance to be pulverized is a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image containing a binder resin, it is often impossible to pulverize it to an average particle size of 7 microns or less.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a pulverizer which can pulverize particles in a required size range so as to obtain a high yield, and which generates less heat inside the pulverizer.

[0006]

That is, the present invention provides a rotor (A) having a large number of uneven portions along a generatrix of an outer surface which is supported by a rotary shaft and can rotate about the shaft, and the rotor. (A) and a stator (B) having a large number of concavo-convex portions along the generatrix of the inner surface fitted with a gap therebetween,
The solid substance is supplied from the mouth (1) at one end of the outer surface of the stator (B), and while rotating the rotor (A), the mouth of the one end of the outer surface of the stator (B) is fed from the one end (1). (2)
In a crusher for crushing a solid substance into a predetermined size between a rotor (A) and a stator (B), while moving the solid substance by a gas flow toward 1. 1. The unevenness on the outer surface of the rotor (A) has a tooth profile in which a recessed shape including a curved portion and a straight portion is continuous on the inner wall. The straight portion (crushing surface) of the wall of the rotor (A) facing the rotation direction of the inner wall of the recess so as to face the stator (B) is 70 to 30 ° with respect to the tangent line of the rotor (A). As described above, the present invention provides a crusher characterized in that the tip of the linear portion (crushing surface) is inclined to the opposite side of the rotation direction of the rotor (A).

Next, the crusher of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a horizontal crusher which is an example of the present invention. In this figure, the stator B that can be opened and closed is shown so that the positional relationship between the rotor A and the stator B can be seen.
The open state is shown with a part of the open.

This crusher has a horizontally oriented rotor A inside a horizontally fixed stator B.
Can be rotated about the axis by power 3.
During the actual operation of the crusher, the stator B in this open portion is closed. At the time of maintenance or failure in the aircraft, as described above, this stator B can be partially opened.

In the present invention, the rotor (A) is a member which is supported by a rotating shaft and has a large number of uneven portions along the generatrix of the outer surface and which can rotate about the shaft. . On the other hand, the stator (B) has a large number of concave and convex portions along the generatrix of the inner surface and is fixed. In FIG. 1, the rotor A and the stator B are both columnar.

The outer diameter of the rotor A is smaller than the inner diameter of the stator B, and the rotor A is fitted in the stator B with a predetermined gap. Then, in the stator B, the rotor A rotates, so that the solid substance moves in the gap between them, so that the solid substance can be crushed to a predetermined size.

In the crusher of the present invention, at least two ports are provided on the outer surface of the stator (B). These two ports (1) and (2) are usually a feed port for feeding a solid substance to be crushed into a gap between the rotor (A) and the stator (B), and a crushed solid substance. It is an outlet for taking out.

These two ports need only be provided on the outer surface of the stator (B), and the spacing and layout between the supply port and the take-out port are not particularly limited. In order to efficiently and sufficiently grind the solid substance, it is preferable that the distance between them is as long as possible. FIG. 1 shows a crusher in which a feed port 1 is provided at one end on the upper side of the outer surface of a horizontally oriented stator B and a take-out port 2 is provided at the other end.

In the crusher of the present invention, for example, it is supplied to the gap between the stator (B) and the rotor (A) from the mouth (1) at one end of the outer surface of the stator (B). The solid substance to be crushed utilizes the flow of gas in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1 and into the mouth (2) at the other end of the outer surface of the stator (B) which is different from that described above. Crushing is performed while moving.

That is, in the same direction as the flow direction of the gas, the solid substance to be crushed together with the gas is repeatedly crushed by the uneven portion of the rotating rotor (A) and the uneven portion of the stator (B), and the gap is formed. The solid substance to be crushed is crushed into a predetermined size. In FIG. 1, an example of the flow of gas inside the machine, the solid substance to be crushed, and the flow of the crushed solid substance during operation is illustrated by arrows.

The solid substance to be crushed may be forcedly blown together with the gas from the mouth (1) at one end of the outer surface of the stator (B) to move it, or vice versa. Intake may be carried out from the mouth (2) at the other end of the outer surface of the stator (B), which is different from the above, and it may be moved.

As the gas at this time, any known and commonly used gas can be used, and examples thereof include nitrogen, oxygen, helium and air. It is preferable to use a gas that does not deteriorate the solid substance to be crushed.
It should be noted that this gas may be either pre-cooled or non-pre-cooled, but the use of gas pre-cooled to a temperature lower than room temperature can prevent deterioration and softening of solid particles to be crushed. It is preferable because the temperature inside the machine can be kept lower and the safety work environment becomes better.

A cooling jacket 16 (see FIG. 4; not shown in FIG. 1) is provided outside the stator (B).
May be provided to cool the stator (B) heated by the heat generated during the pulverization.

In FIG. 1, a horizontal type crusher is shown, but it goes without saying that the rotor (A) and the stator (B) may be installed vertically.

The feature of the crusher of the present invention is that the tip of the crushing surface of the rotor (A) is 70 ° or less with respect to the tangent line on the opposite side in the direction of rotation, and the recessed shape of the rotor having good crushability is further devised. It is in the place where it was done. The crushed surface of the rotor (A) is a portion indicated by numeral 4 in FIG.

The concrete measures are as follows. 1. The unevenness on the outer surface of the rotor (A) is a tooth profile in which the inner wall has a continuous concave portion including a curved portion and a straight portion.

2. The straight portion (crushing surface) of the wall of the rotor (A) facing the rotation direction of the inner wall of the recess so as to face the stator (B) is 70 to 30 ° with respect to the tangent line of the rotor (A). Inclining the tip of the linear portion (crushing surface) to the opposite side of the rotation direction of the rotor (A).

As the concave portion of the rotor (A), any one can be adopted as long as it satisfies the above conditions 1 and 2. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG.
The shape of (f) is mentioned. In the concave shape of the rotor (A), when an extension line of one straight line portion (crushing surface) is drawn, it has a curved portion inside the line is the shape (d)
In the concave shape of the rotor (A), when the center line of the rotor (A) is drawn from the tip of the concave portion which is not one straight line portion (crushing surface), a curved portion is formed on the rotational direction side of the center line. It has a shape (e), and a combination of these is a shape (f).

At this time, the relationship between the radius of rotation of the rotor (A) and the depth of the recess is preferably such that the depth of the recess is within 1/15 of the radius of rotation. Further, the relationship between the radius R of the curved portion provided in the concave portion and the depth of the concave portion changes depending on the angle of the crushing surface, but R is set to be approximately 1/5 to 1/2 of the depth. Is good.

It should be noted that the numerous irregularities of the stator (B), which are opposed to the numerous irregularities provided on the rotor (A) via a gap, can be any irregularities of any shape. Examples of such irregularities include those having the shapes shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c). Of course, the shapes (d) to (f) shown as the irregularities of the rotor (A) may be used.

In the crusher of the present invention, the rotor (A)
As long as the one having the above-mentioned shape is used, the combination of the concave and convex portions of the rotor (A) and the stator (B) is not particularly limited. According to the knowledge of the present inventor, the combination of the shape of the concave portion of the rotor (A) and the shape of the concave portion of the stator (B) is the concave portion of the stator (B) selected from the group consisting of (a) to (c) above. Shape and the above (d)
Any combination of the shape of the rotor recesses selected from the group (f) was effective in terms of the effect of the present invention.

At this time, the gap between the stator (B) and the rotor (A) is appropriately selected depending on the size of the solid substance to be crushed and the particle size of the solid substance after crushing. Good. Considering accuracy, this gap is usually 0.5m
It is m to 3 mm. The narrower the gap, the smaller the particle size of the pulverized solid substance can be obtained, and the wider the gap, the larger the particle size can be obtained.

The rotating speed of the rotor (A) depends on the hardness and size of the solid substance to be crushed, and is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of crushing efficiency, the peripheral speed is usually 90. It is generally set to 200 m / sec.

The material of the concavo-convex portion along the generatrix of the outer surface of the rotor (A) and the concavo-convex portion along the generatrix of the inner surface of the stator (B) is made of a material having a strength capable of withstanding pulverization of solid substances. Any material can be used. Specifically, for example, a metal material such as stainless steel or SK material can be used.

The pulverizer of the present invention can pulverize any known and commonly used solid substance. For example, for pulverizing thermoplastic resin, pigment, powder toner for electrostatic image development, cosmetics, chemicals, feed, coffee beans and the like. Can be used.

[0030]

In the crusher of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
When the concave portions of (1) and the concave portions of the stator B are used so as to face each other, when the rotor A is rotated in the direction of the arrow shown above, a swirl of gas is formed on the inner wall of each concave portion. In FIG. 2, the location where the vortex flow is generated and the direction of rotation of the vortex flow are shown using one inner wall of the recess.

This vortex spirally moves from one end of the rotor (A) to the other end while rotating by the suction or blowing of gas (FIG. 4). Therefore, among the solid substances to be crushed, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4,
Coarse particles having a large particle diameter are repelled from the concave portion by the centrifugal force of the rotor (A) and the centrifugal force of the vortex and returned to the gap (crushing zone).

On the other hand, the finely ground particles are
As shown by the dotted line in the figure, it is not affected by these forces, rides in the gas vortex inside the recess of the rotor, moves toward the other end of the rotor (A), and finally becomes fixed. It is discharged from the other mouth provided on the outer surface of the child (B).

Due to the rotation of the rotor (A) and the resistance of the stator (B), a swirl of gas is generated in the former concave portion, and particles (coarse particles) larger than the required size are generated in the rotor (A). By centrifugal force and centrifugal force of vortex flow, it returns to the crushing zone, and particles of the required size range (appropriate particles) are moved to the outside of the crushing system by vortex flow, and turbulent flow of gas is rectified to improve the flow, The temperature rise in the machine can be suppressed, no seizure, etc., and the sharpness of the uneven portions of the rotor (A) and the stator (B) can be kept better for a longer period of time than before.

The solid substance to be pulverized is generally pulverized into a composition containing proper particles, particles smaller than a required size (over-pulverized fine powder), and (coarse particles).
By using the crusher of the present invention, generation of over-pulverized fine powder and coarse particles can be suppressed more than ever before, and the yield of appropriate particles can be significantly improved.

The solid material crushed by the crusher of the present invention is classified according to need. The coarse particles are generally separated from the over-pulverized fine powder and the proper particles, and are then pulverized again by a pulverizer so as to be proper particles (pulverization operation of returned coarse particles). The composition of the solid substance (pulverized product) pulverized by the pulverizer of the present invention has an extremely small content of coarse particles as compared with the composition of the pulverized product obtained by the conventional pulverizer. It is possible to reduce the frequency of pulverization operation or the amount of treatment, and since the content of over-pulverized fine powder is extremely low, the obtained pulverized particles are classified into proper particles that are difficult to classify and over-pulverized fine powder. There is no need.

[0036]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.
Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments.

Example 1 In this example, an example in which the powder toner for electrostatic image development is pulverized by the pulverizer of the present invention is shown.

A system was produced by combining a classifier and the like with a crusher in which the concave shapes of the stator B and the rotor A were set as the combination of FIG. 5 (see FIG. 5 for the system configuration). In the rotor A, the rotation of the separately provided motor 9 is transmitted to the shaft of the rotor A by the belt 10 to rotate the same.

The setting and operating conditions of the crusher are as follows: the radius of the rotor A is 198 mm, the rotation speed is 4500 rpm, the temperature of the cooling air passing through the machine is 15 ° C., and the amount of air is 16
m / min.

Regarding the shape of the recesses of the rotor A, the crushing surface angle is 60 °, the recess depth is 8 mm, the recess R radius is 3 mm, and the number of recesses is 150.

The system is operated under the above conditions, and the agglomerates (raw material) of the powder toner in the raw material hopper 6 are drawn by the suction blower 15 by the constant quantity feeder 7 (cooling air is not shown). ), Through a port 1 at one end of the outer surface of the stator of the crusher, and was put into a crushing zone corresponding to a gap between the rotor A and the stator B.

In addition, cooling water for cooling the inside of the machine is passed through the cooling jacket 16. The average temperature inside the machine during operation was 35 ° C.

The raw material that has entered the crushing zone is cooled by the cooling air and the jacket 16 of the stator B, while being rotated by the rotor A.
Is pulverized in the pulverization zone between the rotor and the stator B by the rotation of the rotor, and in the concave portion of the rotor A, the centrifugal force and the vortex of the rotor A have a function of dividing into coarse particles and pulverized particles (appropriate particles and over-pulverized fine powder). While working, the suction air moves to the mouth 2 at the other end of the outer surface of the stator of the crusher, enters the coarse particle classifier 11, and the coarse particles that have passed through the crusher 8 are separated here and returned to the coarse particles. It was returned to the mouth 1 provided on the outer surface of the stator B of the crusher 8 by a line (pipe) 12 and crushed again.

On the other hand, the crushed product made of proper particles having an average particle size of 10 μm which passed through the coarse particle classifier 11 was collected by the bag filter 13 and discharged from the rotary valve 14 to be a product.

Comparative Example 1 In the above-mentioned crusher, operation was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a rotor having a conventional concave shape (a) was used. 10 times as much as 1 was generated, and the internal temperature was 50 ° C. Moreover, the over-pulverized fine powder having a size of 3.5 μm or less contained in the pulverized particles obtained by separating the coarse particles was more than twice as large as that of the pulverized particles of Example 1.

When the apparatus of Example 1 was used,
It was possible to obtain a powder toner having an average particle diameter of 6 microns, which was difficult to pulverize with the conventional apparatus using the pulverizer of Comparative Example 1.

[0047]

In the crusher of the present invention, the shape of the recess on the outer surface of the rotor is a tooth shape in which the shape of the recess including the curved portion and the straight portion is continuous on the inner wall, and the rotor is formed so as to face the stator. In order that the straight part (crushing surface) of the wall of the inner wall of the recess facing the rotation direction may be 70 to 30 ° with respect to the tangent of the rotor,
Since the tip of the straight part (crushing surface) is inclined to the opposite side of the rotation direction of the rotor, solid substance particles in the required size range can be obtained in high yield, and heat generation inside the machine can be suppressed. Therefore, it has a particularly remarkable effect that the safety and working environment can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a crusher of the present invention when a stator is opened.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a stator and a rotor.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of recessed shapes of a rotor and a stator.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the movement of the gas in the rotor recess and the solid substance to be crushed.

5 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a stator and a rotor used in Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the system configuration shown in the embodiment using the crusher of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A rotor B stator 1 mouth of the outer surface of the stator of the grinder 2 mouth of the outer surface of the stator of the grinder 3 power 4 grinding surface of the inner wall of the recess of the rotor 5 gas vortex 6 raw material hopper 7 Quantitative feeder 8 Crusher 9 Motor 10 Belt 11 Coarse particle classifier 12 Coarse particle return line (piping) 13 Collection bag filter 14 Rotary valve 15 Suction blower 16 Cooling jacket

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotor (A) having a large number of irregularities along a generatrix of an outer surface which is supported by a rotary shaft and can rotate about the shaft, and a gap is provided between the rotor (A). And a stator (B) having a large number of uneven portions along the generatrix of the inner surface, which is fitted and installed, and supplies the solid substance from the mouth (1) at one end of the outer surface of the stator (B). Then, while rotating the rotor (A), while moving the solid substance by the flow of gas from the one end (1) toward the mouth (2) at one end of the outer surface of the stator (B), the rotor ( In a crusher for crushing a solid substance into a predetermined size between A) and a stator (B), 1. 1. The unevenness on the outer surface of the rotor (A) has a tooth profile in which a recessed shape including a curved portion and a straight portion is continuous on the inner wall. The straight portion (crushing surface) of the wall of the rotor (A) facing the rotation direction of the inner wall of the recess so as to face the stator (B) is 70 to 30 ° with respect to the tangent line of the rotor (A). Thus, the crusher is characterized in that the tip of the linear portion (crushing surface) is inclined to the opposite side of the rotation direction of the rotor (A). 2. In the concave shape of the rotor (A), when an extension line of one straight line portion (crushing surface) is drawn, a curved portion is provided inside the extended line. Crusher. 3. In the concave shape of the rotor (A), when the center line of the rotor (A) is drawn from the tip of the concave portion which is not one straight line portion (crushing surface), a curve is drawn in the direction of rotation of the center line. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein there is a part.