JPH0871440A - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent damage due to heat effect on a reducing gear and a static pressure bearing, to prolong the service life of equipment and improve the maintenance thereof, and to improve the compactness of reducing gear and space saving around vertical pulverizer legs. CONSTITUTION: A static pressure bearing 30a supporting a vertical load put on a turntable 3A is arranged at the lower end of the outer periphery part of the turntable 3A, and also a reducing gear 2 is made a vertical double planet gear, and a pit 100 is formed just below the reducing gear 2 and houses a vertical electric motor 2B and is directly connected to the reducing gear 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical crusher for crushing raw materials such as cement raw materials, slag, clinker, ceramics and chemicals by cooperation of a rotary table and a pulverizing roller, and more particularly to a rotary table. The vertical load applied is supported not by a reducer that applies rotational force to the rotary table but by a hydrostatic bearing separately installed below the outer periphery of the rotary table to reduce the size of the reducer and prevent vibration problems of the reducer. In addition, the present invention relates to a vertical crusher that considers thermal deformation of the static pressure bearing portion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 is a kind of crusher for pulverizing raw materials such as limestone, slag, and cement raw materials into fine powder.
As shown in (1), a vertical crusher 1 having a rotary table and a crushing roller is widely used. This kind of crusher
In the lower part of the cylindrical casing 15, a disk-shaped rotary table 3A driven by the electric motor 2B via the speed reducer 2 and rotating at a low speed, and hydraulically pressure-contacted to a portion equally dividing the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface in the circumferential direction. And a plurality of crushing rollers 4 which are driven to rotate.

The crushing roller 4 has an arm 5 and an arm 7A, 7B pivotally supported by a shaft 6 on a casing 15.
It is connected to the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 via the, and by operating the hydraulic cylinder 9, the crushing roller 4 is pressed onto the rotary table 3A to apply crushing pressure to the raw material. 3S is a dam ring provided on the outer peripheral edge of the rotary table 3A for adjusting the raw material layer thickness, 14 is an annular space passage of the crushed product which overflows the rotary table 3A, 17 is a raw material charging chute, 18 is an annular space passage 14
It is a scraper that scrapes the crushed products that have fallen onto the ground. The crushed product scraped by the scraper 18 is discharged to the outside of the machine through a discharge chute 19 as shown in FIG. 7.

In such a vertical crusher, the raw material supplied to the central portion of the rotary table by the raw material charging chute 17 receives the centrifugal force in the radial direction of the rotary table 3A and slides on the rotary table 3A. At times, the rotary table 3A receives a force in the rotational direction, and the rotary table 3A
And a rotation slightly slower than the rotation speed of the turntable 3A. The above two forces, that is, the force in the radial direction and the force in the rotational direction are combined, and the raw material moves to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A in a spiral path on the rotary table 3A. Since the roller is pressed against the outer peripheral portion and is rotating, the raw material in which the spiral is drawn enters between the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3A from a direction forming an angle with the roller axial direction and is bitten therein. It is crushed and crushed.

On the other hand, in the speed reducer 2 disposed directly below the rotary table 3A, the rotary table 3A is mounted and connected to a horizontal disk attached to the output shaft protruding at the top.
The speed reducer applies the total load transmitted through the rotary table 3A to the rotary table 3A while applying the rotational force applied by the horizontal electric motor 2B.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional vertical crusher 1, the rotary table 3A is directly connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer 2 concentrically arranged immediately below the rotary table 3A. As a result, not only the own weight of the rotary table 3A and the crushing roller 4 but also the crushing force urged by the hydraulic cylinder 9 is always supported by the speed reducer 2. Therefore, the speed reducer 2 has a very large rigidity. It was necessary to keep the size, which was a factor of cost increase due to the increase in size. In addition, vibrations due to fluctuating load during crushing are always transmitted, which may cause damage to the power transmission parts such as gears inside the reducer, resulting in reduction of life due to trouble of reducer and great cost for maintenance. I was forced to consume the labor. Further, since the speed reducer 2 itself has a bevel speed reduction mechanism for converting the horizontal output shaft of the electric motor 2B into a vertical shaft in the lower part, the height and occupied area (installation space) of the speed reducer 2 are increased, resulting in a high cost. At the same time, it required a large building area. Also, for example, a high temperature clinker (room temperature 8
(0 ° C. to 150 ° C., maximum 200 ° C.) and the like, crushing heat is applied to the high temperature raw material, and the temperature of the rotary table rises, so that the rotary table undergoes thermal deformation like a bowl is turned down,
Hydrostatic bearings have had problems such as the sliding surface being one-sided, being subjected to an eccentric load, being damaged, and shortening the service life.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems and provide a vertical crusher equipped with a trouble-free power transmission mechanism, and to save space and reduce equipment costs, the present invention provides: A plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are provided on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table, and the raw material supplied on the rotary table is applied with a predetermined pressure to the crushing roller so that the crushing roller is provided between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller. In a vertical crusher for crushing, a speed reducer that applies a rotating force to the rotary table is arranged in the central portion directly below the rotary table, and the weight of the load on the rotary table and vertical loads such as the crushing force are supported. A static pressure bearing is disposed directly below the crushing roller pressing area on the outer periphery of the rotary table, and a column base for supporting the static pressure bearing is provided separately from the reduction gear, and the reduction gear is a vertical two-stage. With a planetary reducer The formed pits just below the speed reducer vertical motor for rotating the reduction gear and has a configuration formed by disposed in said pit.

[0008]

In the present invention, the rotary table is driven to rotate by the speed reducer directly below, and vertical loads such as the own weight of the rotary table and the pressing force of the crushing roller are disposed directly below the pressing area of the crushing roller on the outer peripheral portion of the rotating table. It is supported by a hydrostatic bearing. Even if the rotary table undergoes thermal deformation and deforms like a bowl, the wedge-shaped slits provided on the lower end of the outer periphery of the rotary table and on the upper surface of the flange shoe joined to the rotary table cause static pressure. Both the upper and lower sliding surfaces of the bearing are held horizontally, and the vertical load is evenly transmitted over the entire bearing surface, so long life is achieved without damage to the bearing. Also,
A vertical pit is installed directly below the reducer to accommodate the vertical electric motor, and the speed reducer directly connected to this vertical electric motor is a vertical two-stage planetary speed reducer. By reducing the size of the reducer and reducing the diameter (reducing the diameter), the mill itself can be made smaller, which not only saves space in the factory, but also the total equipment cost of the vertical crusher. Is reduced.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 relate to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 1 is an overall vertical cross-sectional view of the vertical crusher, and FIG. 2 is AA of FIG.
Cross-sectional plan view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of an essential part of a vertical crusher, FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of an essential part of a hydrostatic bearing, and FIG. 5 is a speed reducer (vertical two-stage planetary speed reducer) FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a speed reducer (planetary speed reducer). As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the vertical crusher 1 of the present invention, a pit 100 is drilled just below the central axis where the vertical crusher 1 is installed, and the vertical pits are sequentially processed from the lower side to the upper side. An electric motor 2B composed of an electric motor, a speed reducer 2 composed of a vertical two-stage planetary speed reducer, and a vertical crusher 1 are arranged. In the vertical crusher 1, a rotary table 3A is disposed inside an upright cylindrical casing 15 coaxially with the casing 15 so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis, and a plurality of rotary tables 3A are provided immediately above the outer periphery of the rotary table 3A (see FIG. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, four crushing rollers 4 are placed, and an arm 5 swingable around a rotation axis 6 of a bearing 6A installed on the top of a column base 30 formed of a double cylinder. And arms 7A, 7
The hydraulic cylinder 9 presses the rotary table 3A via B and drives the rotary table 3A.

A donut disk-shaped flange shoe 3B is fixedly provided on the lower side of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A, and
As shown in FIG. 4, it is loaded on a static pressure bearing (thrust pad) 30a placed on a support plate 30P on the top of the column base 30 arranged inside the stand 40, and is loaded on the rotary table 3A. It supports vertical load such as its own weight and crushing force. A bearing metal 32 serving as a sliding surface is attached to the upper surface of the base metal 31 of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a, and the lower surface of the flange shoe 3B and the upper surface of the bearing metal 32 of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a rotate. It becomes a sliding surface when the table 3A rotates and is lubricated and lubricated through a lubrication oil supply port 33 and an oil supply passage 34 formed in the base metal 31. As shown by the chain double-dashed line (phantom line) in FIG. 4, if a wedge-shaped slit 50 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the lower end of the rotary table 3A, the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a.
Supports the vertical load such as the self-weight applied from the rotary table 3A and the crushing force (pressing force of the crushing roller), transmits it to the foundation through the column base 30, and rotates when crushing the high temperature raw material or receiving large crushing heat. Even if the table 3A is deformed in a bowl shape, the wedge-shaped slit 50 provided at the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A absorbs this deformation to prevent partial contact due to thermal deformation and protect the hydrostatic bearing. Even if the slit 50 is provided not on the rotary table 3A but on the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the flange shoe 3B, the same effect can be achieved.
When the slit 50 is provided, the size of the slit 50 is such that the maximum slit height is 0.6 mm with respect to the slit length 200 mm (horizontal distance). For details of the hydrostatic bearing 30a,
As shown in FIG. 4, three crushing rollers are arranged immediately below the crushing roller 4.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotary table 3
A cylindrical rotary cylinder 3C having a flange at the top is provided integrally with the rotary table 3A on the lower side of the inner peripheral portion of A, and a plurality of circumferential stays 30A extending horizontally inward from the column base 30 are provided.
Is mounted on a support ring 30b fixed in a cylindrical fixed ring 30B supported by a static pressure bearing (thrust pad) on the sliding surface between the rotary cylinder 3C and the support ring 30b.
Lubrication is performed similarly to the upper surface of 30a. The role of the upper surface of the static pressure bearing (thrust pad) 30a and the inner surface of the support ring 30b that form these two sliding surfaces is that the upper surface of the static pressure bearing (thrust pad) 30a mainly supports the vertical load, whereas the support ring The inner surface of 30b is to prevent the rotary table 3A from inclining or moving horizontally due to the eccentric load applied to the rotary table 3A, and to make the vertical load circumferentially uniform. The hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a
May be formed in the shape of a donut disk, but it is usually arranged locally under each crushing roller 4 as described above. The thrust pad 30a is also called a hydrostatic bearing, and the bearing metal 32 may be made of white metal (WJ2), phosphor bronze, lead bronze, cadmium alloy, or the like, like the inner surface of the support ring 30b.

On the other hand, the rotary drive of the rotary table 3A is screwed to the outer periphery of the output shaft 2a of the speed reducer (vertical two-stage planetary speed reducer in this embodiment) 2 arranged just below the center of the rotary table 3A. The spur gear and the internal gear mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder 3C are engaged with each other, and the vertical load applied to the rotary table 3A is not transmitted to the speed reducer 2.
In the vertical crusher 1 of the present invention configured as described above, the rotary table 3A is rotationally driven via the electric motor 2B and the planetary speed reducer 2, and the raw material is passed through the raw material charging chute 17 and the branch pipe 17A. It is dropped immediately before the crushing roller 4, crushed between the rotary table 3A and the crushing roller 4, overflows the rotary table 3A, falls into the annular space passage 14, is scraped by the scraper 18, and is discharged from the raw material discharge port to the outside of the machine. Is discharged to. The branch pipe 17A is provided with a plurality of weir plates 17B in the lower half to store the raw material and form a material cushion in order to prevent abrasion of the raw material having a strong abrasion property such as a clinker.

Next, details of the speed reducer 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. The speed reducer 2 adopted in the present invention is a vertical two-stage planetary speed reducer, and upper and lower two-stage planetary portions are arranged in the speed reducer 2. The lower planetary portion is called a first-stage planetary portion, and three first-stage planetary gears P1 are meshed between a first-stage sun gear S1 and a first-stage internal gear (ring gear) R1 to form an upper-stage planetary gear. Is referred to as a second stage planetary unit, and five second stage planetary gears P2 are meshed between the second stage sun gear S2 and the second stage internal gear (ring gear) R2. There is a correlation between the reduction gear ratio i of the planetary gears and the number of planetary gears. As shown in FIG. 6, the reduction gear ratio i depends on the pitch circle diameter dR of the internal gear (ring gear) R and the sun gear S. Since it is a number obtained by adding 1 to the ratio to the pitch circle diameter dS, generally, when the pitch circle diameter dR becomes larger than the pitch circle diameter dS, the reduction ratio i increases, but conversely, the sun gear S and the internal gear R The number of planetary gears P that can be accommodated in between decreases. On the other hand, as the number of planetary gears increases, the share of the power transmission force to each planetary gear becomes smaller, and the diameter dR of the internal gear (ring gear) R is relatively larger than the diameter dS of the sun gear S. Since it can be made extremely small, the speed reducer 2 becomes compact.

In the case of the present invention, the height can be made lower than that of the conventional speed reducer having a bevel portion (shown in FIG. 7) by the absence of the bevel portion. You can Then, the above-described conventional bevel type planetary speed reducer (for example, bevel speed reduction ratio iB = 4, planetary speed reduction ratio iP =
As in 10), in order to provide a vertical two-stage planetary reducer with a reduction ratio of 40, one reduction gear ratio i = 8.9 (the number of planets is 3)
2) (upper) reduction ratio i = 4.5 (5 planets)
The overall size (diameter) of the speed reducer is smaller and more compact than that of the conventional type in the two-stage planetary speed reducer in the case of the present invention having five planetary gears.

Thus, the vertical crusher 1 according to the present invention
In the case of the conventional structure, the crushing is applied by the weight of the rotary table 3A and the hydraulic cylinder 9 separately from the speed reducer 2 by the static pressure bearing protected from thermal deformation without applying a vertical load to the speed reducer 2. The mechanism is designed to support vertical loads such as force. Therefore, the speed reducer 2 only needs to have a function of transmitting rotational torque for rotational driving, can be downsized, and is less likely to be affected by a vibration phenomenon due to load fluctuation during crushing work. Damage is reduced and long life is achieved. Further, since the pit is formed and the electric motor 2B is arranged directly below the speed reducer 2 and is directly connected, the speed reducer 2 can be a vertical two-stage planetary speed reducer without a bevel portion, so the speed reducer 2 can be made compact and compact. In accordance with this, the vertical crusher suspension has also been made compact,
Space saving can be realized. Further, since the electric motor 2B, which was conventionally on the ground portion, is housed in the pit, further space saving is achieved.

[0016]

As described above, according to the present invention, the reduction gear can be reduced in size and weight, and accordingly, the suspension of the vertical crusher can be made space-saving, the facility cost can be reduced, and the crusher can be crushed. Reducer trouble due to abnormal vibration inside is avoided, and maintainability is improved. Further, since it is taken into consideration that the thermal deformation of the rotary table does not reach the hydrostatic bearing, it is possible to achieve a long life without damaging the hydrostatic bearing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part of a hydrostatic bearing portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a speed reducer (vertical two-stage planetary speed reducer) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a planetary speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an overall vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional vertical crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vertical grinding machine 2 Reduction gear (planetary reduction gear) 2A Inching motor 2B Electric motor 2a Output shaft 3A Rotary table 3B Flange shoe 3C Rotating cylinder 3S Dam ring 4 Grinding roller 5 Arm 6 Shaft (rotating shaft) 7 Arm 7A Arm 7B Arm 9 Hydraulic cylinder 14 Annular space passage 15 Casing 16 Discharge port 17 Raw material input chute 17A Branch pipe 17B Weir plate 18 Scraper 19 Discharge chute 30 Pillar 30A Stay 30B Fixing ring 30P Support plate 30a Hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30b Support ring 31 Base Metal 32 Bearing Metal 33 Lubricating Oil Filling Port 34 Lubrication Channel 50 Slit 100 Pit P Planetary Gear P1 1st Stage Planetary Gear P2 2nd Stage Planetary Gear R Internal Gear (Ring Gear) R1 1st Stage Internal Gear (Ring Gear) ) R2 second stage internal gear (ring gear S sun gear S1 first stage sun gear S2 pitch diameter i reduction ratio iB bevel reduction ratio iP planetary unit reduction ratio of the pitch circle diameter dS sun gear of the second stage sun gear dR internal gear

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are provided on an upper surface of an outer peripheral portion of a rotary table, and the raw material supplied on the rotary table is applied with a predetermined pressure to the crushing roller to provide an upper surface of the rotary table and the crushing roller peripheral surface. In a vertical crusher for crushing between a surface and a surface, a speed reducer for imparting a rotating force to the rotary table is arranged in the central portion immediately below the rotary table, and the self-weight and the crushing force applied to the rotary table, etc. A static pressure bearing for supporting the vertical load of the rotary table is disposed directly below the crushing roller pressing region on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table, and a column base for supporting the static pressure bearing is provided separately from the speed reducer. Is a vertical two-stage planetary speed reducer, and a vertical electric motor for forming a pit directly below the speed reducer and driving the speed reducer to rotate is disposed in the vertical pit.