JPH0874830A - Washer for bolt tightening and bolt tightening structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To obtain a bolt tightening washer and a bolt tightening structure that can reduce the time required for counter boring of a bolt tightening portion and easily perform tightening work and disassembling work. [Structure] The counterbore 1d in the head of the bolt 2 is circular. On the washer 8, a plurality of claw portions 8c are provided upright from the outer edge of the seat surface portion. A triangular tooth portion 8d bent outward is formed at the tip of the claw portion 8c. By tightening the bolt 2 with the nut, the tip of the tooth portion 8d of the washer 8 bites into the inner wall of the counterbore 1d, and the rotation of the head of the bolt 2 is blocked.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bolt washer and a bolt fastening structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional fastening method using bolts and nuts for an object to be fastened, generally only two tightening tools are required if only holes for bolts are formed in the object to be fastened. Is. That is, a tool for preventing rotation of the head of the bolt and a tool for rotating the nut.

This is because the torque between the nut and the thread of the bolt is
When the torque becomes larger than the static friction torque of the seat surface of the bolt head, and when the nut is rotated with a tool, the bolt is pressed through the nut so that the seat surface of the bolt head moves from the object to be tightened. This is because the bolt may idle when separated.

On the other hand, in the fastening portion of the bolt and the nut, since the bolt and the nut have a positional relationship between the front side and the back side of the object to be fastened, when the area of the fastened object is large, one person can use the above two tools. There is also a case where it is not possible to use, and it becomes a two-person work divided into both sides of the object to be fastened.

Therefore, conventionally, a bolt fastening structure as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 has been adopted. 9 and 10 show
FIG. 9 shows a bolt fastening structure in the case where a relay terminal for wiring is provided on the insulating plate, of which FIG. 9 is a plan view and FIG.
FIG.

9 and 10, the insulating plate 1 has a U-shaped cross section on one side, and in the plan view of FIG. 9, an elliptical groove 1a having a pair of parallel portions 1c is formed. Has been done. A bolt hole 1b is formed in the center of the groove 1a.

A hexagon bolt 2 is inserted into the bolt hole 1b from the groove 1a side. A flat washer 3, a spring washer 4 and a hexagon nut 5 are inserted into the shaft portion of the hexagon bolt 2 from the other side of the insulating plate 1. By tightening the nut 5,
The bolt 2 is fixed to the insulating plate 1.

Wirings 7A, 7 are provided on the tip side of the bolt 2.
The crimp terminals 6A and 6B fixed to the tip of B are inserted,
The crimp terminals 6A and 6B are fixed by nuts 5 via washers 3 and spring washers 4 inserted outside, and the left and right crimp terminals 6A and 6B are tightened from above and below to connect the left and right electric wires 7A and 7B. It constitutes a relay terminal.

In the bolt fastening structure thus constructed, the width W of the groove 1a shown in FIG. 9 is processed so as to be slightly wider than the opposite side dimension of the head portion 2 of the bolt. At the time of tightening, the head portion of the bolt 2 is inserted into the parallel portion 1c of the groove 1a, so that the head portion of the bolt 2 is prevented from rotating by the parallel portion 2c, thereby eliminating the need for a tool on the head portion of the bolt. There is.

Next, FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a case where an electric device 15 is fixed inside a control device box 10 mounted on a vehicle through an insulating plate 11. In Fig. 11, the control equipment box
The insulating plate 11 is first fixed by the bolt 2, the spring washer 4 and the flat washer 3 via the cylindrical screw washer 10a welded to the bottom surface of the insulating plate 11.

Next, the groove portion 11 formed on the back surface of the insulating plate 11
For the bolt 2 pre-inserted in a, electrical equipment
Insert the 15 mounting holes to insert the nut 5, spring washer 4 and plain washer 3
The electric device 15 is fixed via. The groove 11a is
It has the same shape as the groove 1a shown in FIGS.

[0012]

However, in the bolt fastening structure thus configured, it takes time to process the groove 1a formed in the insulating plate 1. That is, first,
Since the machining of the groove 1a is performed by a milling machine, the number of processes is increased by changing the setup to a drilling machine for subsequent machining of bolt holes.

Further, in order to obtain the width W of the groove 1a, since this width W corresponds to the width of the head of the bolt,
A special cutter must be prepared for the nominal size of each bolt. If a general-purpose cutter is used, the cutter must be reciprocated multiple times. In addition, in the milling process, since unevenness is formed on the machined surface and it is difficult to obtain a smooth surface, a gap may be formed on the seat surface of the bolt, which may cause loosening.

On the other hand, in the bolt fastening structure shown in FIG.
There is no problem because the nut 5 is used twice, but insulation plate 1
When directly tightening the object to be fastened, the bolt 2 may fall off when the object to be fastened is replaced.

When the operator's hand cannot enter between the back surface of the insulating plate 11 and the control equipment box 10 like the mounting portion of the electric equipment shown in FIG. To prevent this, first, the left bolt 2 must be removed and the insulating plate 11 must also be removed at the same time.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a bolt fastening washer and a bolt fastening structure which can easily perform fastening work and disassembly work without increasing the processing time of the bolt fastening portion.

[0017]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bolt washer for tightening bolts, wherein at least two sides of a regular polygonal seating surface having a bolt hole formed in the center thereof extend from the center line of the bolt hole. It is characterized in that the claw portion is erected symmetrically with respect to the claw portion, and the tooth portion is provided so as to project outside the tip of the claw portion.

The bolt tightening washer according to the second aspect of the invention is symmetrical with respect to the center line of the bolt hole from at least two sides of the regular polygonal seat surface portion having the bolt hole penetrating the center portion. Specifically, the claw portion is vertically provided, and the tooth portion is formed at the corner portion of the outer periphery of the seat surface portion.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bolt fastening structure in which a bolt hole is formed at the center of a circular counterbore and an outer surface of a washer inserted into the counterbore is provided. Of the regular polygonal seating surface portion with a bolt hole penetrating through the center of the washer, and the shaft portion is inserted into the bolt hole from the side and the nut is screwed from the other side of the shaft portion. It is characterized in that a tooth portion is provided on the outer side of the tip of the claw portion which is symmetrically erected from the side with respect to the center line of the bolt hole.

Further, in the bolt fastening structure of the present invention as defined in claim 4, there is provided an object to be fastened in which a bolt hole is formed at the center of a circular counterbore and an outer surface of a washer inserted into the counterbore. Of the regular polygonal seating surface portion with a bolt hole penetrating through the center of the washer, and the shaft portion is inserted into the bolt hole from the side and the nut is screwed from the other side of the shaft portion. Claws symmetrically erected from the side with respect to the center line of the bolt hole,
And a tooth portion formed at a corner portion on the outer periphery of the seat surface portion.

[0021]

In the invention described in claims 1 and 2, when the bolt is tightened, the tooth portion at the tip of the claw portion is
The washer for bolt tightening is inserted, and the head of the bolt is pressed and locked by the head of the bolt against the inner wall of the recess in which the head of the bolt is loosely fitted.

Further, in the inventions according to claims 3 and 4, when the object to be fastened is tightened with the bolt, the washer is press-fitted into the counterbore hole by the head of the bolt, and the tooth portion of the washer is the washer. It is pressed against the inner wall of the boring hole and locked.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a bolt fastening washer and bolt fastening structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG.
FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a washer for bolt fastening and a bolt fastening structure of the present invention, which is a view corresponding to FIG. 10 shown in the prior art. 2A is a plan view showing a bolt fastening washer of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged detailed view of FIG. 2A. Further, FIG. 3 (a) shows A-A of FIG. 2 (a).
A sectional view and FIG. 3B are partial plan views of FIG. 1 and are views corresponding to FIG. 9 shown in the related art. Therefore, the same parts as those in FIGS. 9 and 10 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

1, 2 and 3 are different from the prior art shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 in that the shape of the counterbore formed in the insulating plate 1 and the counterbore Others are the same as FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 in that a washer 8 for preventing bolt bending, which will be described later in detail, is inserted.

In FIGS. 1 and 3 (b), a circular counterbore 1d is formed in the insulating plate 1 as shown in FIG. 3 (b). 1 and 3
A bolt hole 1b shown by a broken line in (b) is provided through. Of these, the details of the counterbore 1d are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (a).
A washer 8 indicated by is inserted in advance before the bolt 2 is inserted.

2 and 3A, the washer 8 has a seat surface portion 8a having the same shape and the same plane size as the seat surface of the bolt 2 in a plan view, and the outer periphery of the seat surface portion 8a.
Claws 8c bent at right angles from three sides at 120 degree intervals
And a bolt hole 8b formed at the center of the seat surface portion 8a.

Of these, both sides of the tip of the claw portion 8c are slightly bent outward to form a triangular tooth portion 8d as shown in FIG. 2 (b) showing an enlarged detailed view of a portion B of FIG. There is.
As shown in the half section of FIG. 4 (a) showing the steps of assembling as shown in FIG. 3 (b) and FIG. 1, the tip of this tooth portion 8d is slightly outside the diameter φX of the counterbore 1d. It protrudes to become φY.

Therefore, in the bolt fastening structure using the bolt fastening washer constructed as described above, the counterbore hole 1d of the insulating plate 1 is assembled when assembled as shown in FIG.
When the bolt 2 is inserted into, the washer 8 is first inserted into the counterbore 1d. The washer 8 is inserted to the lower part of the tooth portion 8d as shown in FIG. 4A because of the tooth portion 8d formed at the tip of the claw portion 8c.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the bolt 2 is inserted from the bolt hole of the washer 8 into the bolt hole 1b formed in the insulating plate 1, and then the tip of the bolt 2 is inserted into the flat washer 1,
Insert the spring washer 4 and the nut 5.

As shown in FIG. 4 (a), after the nut 5 is screwed to the position where the lower portion of the washer 8 comes into contact with the end face of the counterbore 1d having the diameter φX, the nut 5 is tightened with a tightening tool. By further tightening, the washer 8 is pressed into the counterbore 1d by the seat surface of the bolt 2.

At this time, the tip of the tooth portion 8d bent outside the upper end of the washer 8 has a counterbore 1d in the insulating plate 1.
By slightly biting into the inner surface of the washer and turning the nut 5 to further tighten the bolt 2, the upper end of the claw portion 8c of the washer 8 is bent inward as shown in FIG. As a result, the corner 2a of the head of the bolt 2 is pressed from above by the upper end of the claw 8c.

Therefore, in the bolt tightening washer and the bolt tightening structure thus configured, the bolt 2 is tightened during the tightening operation of the bolt 2 by the nut 5 shown in FIG. 4 (a).
The rotation of the head of the head can be prevented by the tooth 8d formed at the tip of the claw 8c of the washer 8 with which the side surface of the head abuts, and the tooth 2d is inserted into the insulating plate 1, so that the bolt 2 is inserted. After this, the bolt 2 can be tightened only on one side of the insulating plate 1.

Further, in FIG. 1, when the insulating plate 1 is assembled so that the counterbore hole 1d is on the lower side, the electric wires 7A and 7B attached above the insulating plate 1 are removed, and the above-mentioned operation is performed. Even when the nut 5 that is tightening the insulating plate 1 is loosened for disassembling work, the bolt 2 is prevented from falling off by the bite 8d biting into the inner circumference of the counterbore 1d formed in the insulating plate 1. Not only can this be prevented, but the inside of the tooth portion 8d bent inward from the outer peripheral side of the head of the bolt 2 as shown in FIG. 1 can also prevent the bolt 2 from falling off.

Since the counterbore 1d can be machined in the insulating plate 1 in one step by using a drilling machine, the machining time can be shortened, and since there is no unevenness of the seat surface due to milling, it can be done for a long time. The reliability of the screw and the fastening portion can be maintained.

In the above embodiment, one application example of the bolt fastening washer and the bolt fastening structure of the present invention has been described in the case of the counterbore hole formed in the insulating plate, but it is not always necessary to use the insulating plate. , It can be applied in the same manner to low hardness materials such as an aluminum plate and a copper plate, and can also be applied to mild steel plates depending on the hardness of the washer. By hardening the part by carburizing and quenching, it can be applied to a harder material.

Also, although the story goes back and forth, the material of the washer is
Spring steel may be used, or a phosphor bronze plate if the material for which the counterbore is machined has a low hardness. Further, it may be corrosion resistant stainless steel depending on the conditions under which the incorporated product is used.

Next, FIG. 4 (b) is a plan view showing another embodiment of the bolt fastening washer of the present invention and corresponds to FIG. 2 (a). In FIG. 4 (b), the washer 8 shown in FIG.
The claw portions 8c are formed on the two sides facing each other at a certain interval.

In this case, it is easy to manufacture a blank for punching the blank of the washer 8A, but the claw portion 8c of the washer 8A is manufactured.
Since the rotation inhibiting force of the head of the bolt due to is reduced, it is applied when the nominal diameter is small and the torque when tightening the nut is small. However, by slightly increasing the plate thickness of the washer 8A, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the rotation inhibiting force of the bolt head.

Next, FIG. 5 is a view showing another embodiment of the bolt fastening washer of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view,
(B) is a right side view of (a). In addition, FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a bolt fastening structure incorporating the bolt fastening washer shown in FIG. 4, and is a view corresponding to FIG.

5 and 6, the washer 18 is shown in FIG.
In the plan view shown in (a), after the seat surface portion 18a is formed in a square shape, the four corners of the seat surface portion 18a are bent upward to form the tooth portion 18d.

Of the four sides of the seat surface portion 18a, a claw portion 18e is erected from a pair of opposite sides, and a narrow strip-shaped protrusion 18f is further erected on one side of the upper end of the claw portion 18e. Has been done.

In the washer 18 thus constructed,
When inserting the bolt 2 into the bolt hole 18b of the counterbore 1d formed in the insulating plate 1 as in FIGS. 1 and 4 (a) and tightening it, the same steps as the bolt fastening structure shown in FIG. By tightening the nut with, as shown in Fig. 6,
The tips of the teeth 18d formed on the washer 18 are made to bite into the inner circumference of the counterbore 1d of the insulating plate 1.

After being completely tightened as shown in FIG.
The protrusion 18f provided upright on the washer 18 is bent inward as shown in FIG. 6 to prevent the bolt 2 from falling off during the above-described disassembly work.

In this case, after the tightening of the nut is completed, the bending work of the protrusion 18f by hand is increased, but one-sided work can be performed on the insulating plate at the time of tightening.
Similar to the bolt fastening washer and the bolt fastening structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, it is possible to improve the assembling / maintenance / inspection work under the condition of poor workability.

Next, FIG. 7 is a view showing still another embodiment of the bolt fastening washer of the present invention, the plan view of which is shown in FIG. 2 (a), FIG. 4 (b) and FIG. 5 (a), and the right side view of FIG. 7 (b) is the right side view of FIG. 7 (a), which is also the same as FIG. 5 (b). 8 is a plan view showing still another embodiment of the bolt fastening structure of the present invention in which the washer shown in FIG. 7 is incorporated in the counterbore 1d formed in the insulating plate 1, and FIG.
It is a figure corresponding to (b) and FIG.

In FIGS. 7 and 8, a washer 28 has a pair of claw portions 28e, which correspond to the pair of claw portions 18e provided upright on the washer 18 shown in FIG. Is different.

In FIG. 8, the washer 28 shown in FIG. 7 has the claw portion 28e facing downward above the bolt 2 whose head is inserted into the counterbore 1d formed on the upper surface of the insulating plate 1. The bolt 2 is inserted along the outer surface of the opposite side of the head.

At a later stage when the washer 28 is inserted,
The tooth portions 28c at the tips of the tooth portions 28c formed at the four corners of the washer 28 bite into the inner wall of the counterbore 1d formed in the insulating plate 1 in the same manner as the washers 8 and 18 shown in FIGS. Therefore, it is not necessary to prevent the head of the bolt 2 from rotating during the nut tightening work. However, in this case, the counterbore 1d formed in the insulating plate 1 is limited to the upper surface side of the insulating plate 1 because the seat surface of the washer 28 is outside the head of the bolt 2.

Incidentally, the seat surface portion 8 of the above-mentioned washers 8, 18, 28.
Although a, 18a, and 28a have a regular hexagonal shape in the plan view, the seating surface portions 8a, 18a, and 28a have a shape other than the regular hexagonal shape in accordance with the shape of the head of the bolt.
For example, when the head of the bolt is a square, the square may be formed according to the bolt.

[0050]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1,
At least two sides of a regular polygonal seating surface with a bolt hole penetrating in the center part, erected symmetrically with respect to the center line of the bolt hole from the at least two sides, and the tooth part outside the tip of this claw part. By protruding, by tightening the bolt, the tooth part at the tip of the claw part,
The bolt tightening washer is inserted, and the head of the bolt is pressed against the inner wall of the recess where the head of the bolt loosely fits and is locked, so it is easy to perform the fastening and disassembling work without increasing the processing time of the bolt fastening part. It is possible to obtain a bolt fastening washer capable of performing.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the claw portion is symmetrical with respect to the center line of the bolt hole from at least two sides of the regular polygonal seat surface portion having the bolt hole formed through the center portion. By standing up and forming teeth at the corners of the outer periphery of the seat surface,
By tightening the bolt, the tooth portion at the tip of the claw was pressed and locked by the head of the bolt with the inner wall of the recess into which the bolt tightening washer was inserted and the head of the bolt was loosely fitted. It is possible to obtain a bolt tightening washer that can be easily tightened and disassembled without increasing the processing time.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 3, from the outer surface side of the object to be tightened in which the bolt hole is formed at the center of the circular counterbore and the washer inserted in the counterbore. The washer consists of a bolt into which the shaft is inserted in the bolt hole and the nut is screwed from the other side of this shaft.The washer is formed from at least two sides of the regular polygonal seat surface with the bolt hole in the center. When the object to be tightened is tightened with a bolt, the washer is countersunk by the head of the bolt by providing the teeth on the outside of the tip of the claw that is erected symmetrically with respect to the center line of the bolt hole. Since the tooth portion of this washer is pressed into the hole and pressed against the inner wall of the counterbore hole to lock it, the bolt fastening structure enables easy fastening work and disassembly work without increasing the machining time of the bolt fastening part. Can be obtained.

Further, according to the invention of claim 4,
The object to be fastened with a bolt hole penetrating through the center of the round counterbore hole, and the shaft part is inserted into the bolt hole from the outer surface side of the washer inserted into the counterbore hole, and the nut is inserted from the other side of this shaft part. The washer is a screw that is screwed together, and the washer has a pawl symmetrically erected with respect to the center line of the bolt hole from at least two sides of the regular polygonal seat surface portion having the bolt hole formed in the center portion. And a tooth portion formed at a corner portion of the outer periphery of the seat surface portion, when the object to be fastened is bolted, the washer is press-fitted into the counterbore hole by the head of the bolt, and the washer Since the tooth portion is pressed and locked to the inner wall of the counterbore hole, it is possible to obtain the bolt fastening structure that can easily perform the fastening work and the disassembling work without increasing the processing time of the bolt fastening part.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an installation state of a bolt tightening washer of the invention according to claim 1 and an embodiment of a bolt fastening structure of the invention according to claim 3;

2A and 2B are views showing an example of a bolt tightening washer of the invention according to claim 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

3A is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2A, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the operation of the bolt tightening washer of the invention described in claim 1 and the bolt tightening structure of the invention described in claim 3.

4A is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 3B, FIG.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the bolt tightening washer of the invention according to claim 1.

5A and 5B are views showing an example of a bolt tightening washer of the invention according to claim 2, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG. 5B is a right side view of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of a bolt fastening structure of the invention according to claim 4;

FIG. 7 is a view showing another embodiment of the bolt tightening washer of the invention according to claim 2, (a) is a plan view and (b) is (a).
Right side view.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the bolt fastening structure according to the invention of claim 4;

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an example of a conventional bolt fastening structure.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing another example of a conventional bolt fastening structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Insulating plate, 1b, 8b, 18b ... Bolt hole, 1d ... Counterbore hole, 2 ... Hexagon bolt, 2a ... Corner part, 3, 8, 18, 28 ...
Washer, 3 ... Spring washer, 5 ... Nut, 6A, 6B ... Crimping terminal, 7A, 7B ... Electric wire, 8a, 18a ... Seat surface portion, 8c,
18e, 28e ... claw portion, 8d, 18d, 28c ... tooth portion.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A regular polygonal seat surface portion having a bolt hole penetrating the center portion thereof, and a claw portion symmetrically erected from at least two sides of the seat surface portion with respect to the center line of the bolt hole. A washer for tightening a bolt, which is composed of a tooth portion protruding from the tip of the claw portion. 2. A regular polygonal seat surface portion having a bolt hole penetrating the center portion, and a claw portion which is erected symmetrically with respect to the center line of the bolt hole from at least two sides of the seat surface portion. A washer for bolt tightening, comprising a tooth portion formed at a corner of the outer periphery of the seat surface portion. 3. A circular counterbore, an object to be tightened with a bolt hole extending through the center of the counterbore, a washer inserted into the counterbore, and an outer surface of the washer. A shaft part is inserted into the bolt hole and a nut is screwed from the other side of the shaft part, and the washer has a regular polygonal seat surface part in which a bolt hole is formed in the center part, A bolt fastening structure comprising a pawl portion that is symmetrically erected from at least two sides of the seat surface portion with respect to the center line of the bolt hole, and a tooth portion that protrudes outside the tip of the pawl portion. 4. A circular counterbore, an object to be tightened with a bolt hole extending through the center of the counterbore, a washer inserted into the counterbore, and an outer surface of the washer. A shaft part is inserted into the bolt hole and a nut is screwed from the other side of the shaft part, and the washer has a regular polygonal seat surface part in which a bolt hole is formed in the center part, A bolt fastening structure comprising a pawl portion symmetrically erected from at least two sides of the seat surface portion with respect to a center line of the bolt hole, and a tooth portion formed at a corner portion of an outer periphery of the seat surface portion.