JPH0875295A - Method and apparatus for sealing pressure difference in absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The differential pressure seal mechanism is made compact, does not require a large installation space (especially height), and can be easily applied to small absorption refrigerators / coolers / heaters. . [Constitution] In an absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater having at least a low temperature regenerator 2, a condenser 3, an evaporator 6, an absorber 7 and a high temperature regenerator 8, a differential pressure seal between the low temperature regenerator 2 and the absorber 7. , And the differential pressure seal between the condenser 3 and the evaporator 6 is configured by using the float valves 72 and 76.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator or an absorption chiller-heater using a float valve instead of the conventional U-seal for the differential pressure seal between the low temperature regenerator and the absorber and the condenser and the evaporator. The present invention relates to a pressure difference sealing method and device to be performed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an absorption chiller-heater using, for example, lithium bromide as an absorbent and water as a refrigerant is generally known. The conventional absorption chiller-heater has, for example, a configuration as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes an upper low temperature cylinder, which is composed of a low temperature regenerator 2 and a condenser 3, and a refrigerant reservoir 4 is provided in the lower portion of the condenser 3. Reference numeral 5 denotes a lower cold cylinder, which is composed of an evaporator 6 and an absorber 7. 8 is a high temperature regenerator, which is a combustion chamber 9, a heat recovery device 10, a gas-liquid separator 1.
1, an exhaust stack 12 and a combustion device 13. In addition, the low temperature heat exchanger 14, the high temperature heat exchanger 15 and the like are constituent devices. The dilute liquid in the lower liquid pool 16 in the absorber 7 is
It is sent to the low temperature regenerator 2 through the pipes 18 and 19, the low temperature heat exchanger 14 and the pipe 20 by the low temperature absorbent pump 17.
This dilute liquid is heated by the high temperature refrigerant vapor flowing from the pipe 21 and concentrated to an intermediate concentration.

The liquid having this intermediate concentration is divided into two. One of the two halves of the liquid is supplied to the pipe 23 by the high temperature absorption liquid pump 22,
24, high-temperature heat exchanger 15, high-temperature regenerator 8 via pipe 25
Sent to The intermediate concentration liquid is heated by the combustion device 13, rises in the heat recovery device 10, enters the gas-liquid separator 11, and is separated into a refrigerant vapor and a concentrated liquid. This concentrated liquid passes through the concentrated liquid pipe line 26, the high temperature heat exchanger 15 and the pipe line 27 by the pressure difference between the pressure in the high temperature regenerator 8 of about 650 mmHg and the pressure in the lower low temperature cylinder 5 of about 6 mmHg, and Pipe line 28
Is mixed with the intermediate liquid (the other half of the divided liquid) to become a mixed concentrated liquid, enters the low temperature heat exchanger 14, and is sprayed onto the heat transfer tubes of the absorber 7 by the spraying device 30 through the conduit 29. The circulation back to the liquid pool 16 is performed.

On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor separated in the gas-liquid separator 11 enters the low temperature regenerator 2 via the pipe 21, heats the liquid to condense and liquefy, and then enters the condenser 3 from the pipe 46. Further, in the low temperature regenerator 2, the refrigerant vapor generated when the dilute liquid is concentrated to the intermediate concentration liquid enters the condenser 3 from the upper space and is condensed to become the refrigerant liquid. These condensed refrigerant waters are
It enters the evaporator 6 via the pipe 31 and is accumulated in the lower pool 32. This refrigerant water is supplied to the pipelines 34 and 3 by the refrigerant pump 33.
After 5, the spraying device 36 sprays the heat on the heat transfer tubes of the evaporator 6.

Cold water to be used for cooling enters the evaporator 6 from the pipe 37, is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the dropping refrigerant, and flows out from the pipe 38. The cooling water is supplied to the pipes 39, 40,
After passing through 41, it flows out and the absorption heat in the absorber 7 and the condensation heat in the condenser 3 are taken away and taken out of the system. Further, by opening the cooling / heating switching valve 60 and stopping the cooling water supplied to the pipe 39, hot water can be obtained from the pipe 38.

In the conventional absorption chiller-heater configured as described above, the refrigerant liquid pipe line 31 connecting the refrigerant liquid reservoir 47 of the condenser 3 and the vapor phase portion of the evaporator 6 is U-shaped, The pressure difference between the condenser 3 and the evaporator 6 is sealed by a liquid head. Similarly, an absorbing liquid overflow pipe line 62 that connects the gas phase portion of the low temperature regenerator 2 and the gas phase portion of the absorber 7 is provided so that the operating differential pressure between the low temperature regenerator 2 and the absorber 7 at the time of startup is small. Time,
From low temperature regenerator 2 to pipe 28, low temperature heat exchanger 14, pipe 2
9. The intermediate liquid flowing into the absorber 7 through the spraying device 30 is prevented from flowing easily and the liquid level of the absorbing liquid in the low temperature regenerator 2 is prevented from rising excessively. Absorbing liquid overflow line 6
2 is U-shaped, and the pressure difference between the low temperature regenerator 2 and the absorber 7 is sealed by a liquid head. Then, the branched absorption liquid pipe 64 branched from the absorption liquid pipe 19 at the outlet of the low temperature absorption liquid pump 17 is connected to the U-shaped portion.

Further, instead of providing a U-shaped pipe line between the condenser 3 and the evaporator 6, as shown in FIG.
It is also practiced to provide the orifice 66 at the first position.

[0008]

In the above-mentioned conventional differential pressure sealing method using a U-shaped conduit, when the capacity of the absorption chiller / heater is reduced (becomes smaller), the overall height becomes lower and U
It becomes difficult to take up the space to install the V-shaped conduit. Further, if the differential pressure becomes higher than the height of the U-shaped pipe, there is a problem that the seal cannot be sealed and the steam passes through.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to replace a conventional differential pressure seal using a U-shaped pipe line with a differential pressure seal using a float valve, thereby achieving a compact size. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device capable of performing a differential pressure seal with various mechanisms.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a pressure difference sealing method in an absorption refrigerator / cooler / cooler / heater according to the present invention is a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber and a high temperature regeneration. In an absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater equipped with at least a condenser, a differential pressure seal between a low temperature regenerator and an absorber and a differential pressure seal between a condenser and an evaporator are configured by using a float valve.

Further, the pressure difference sealing device in the absorption chiller / cooler / heater of the present invention is an absorption chiller / cooler / heater equipped with at least a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber and a high temperature regenerator. A float valve that opens and closes the valve by raising and lowering the float is installed in the absorbent overflow pipe that connects the low temperature regenerator and the absorber, and the float rises and falls in the refrigerant liquid pipe that connects the condenser and the evaporator. A float valve that opens and closes the valve is provided. In the above apparatus, it is preferable to connect a branched absorption liquid pipe branched from the absorption liquid pipe at the outlet of the low temperature absorption liquid pump to the float valve.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the shape of the constituent devices described in this embodiment, the relative arrangement thereof, and the like, unless otherwise specified, are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to them, but merely illustrative examples. Nothing more. Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. A float valve 72 is provided in the absorbent overflow pipe line 70 connecting the gas phase part of the low temperature regenerator 2 and the gas phase part of the absorber 7, and the refrigerant liquid pool 47 of the condenser 3 and the gas phase part of the evaporator 6 are provided. A float valve 76 is provided in the refrigerant liquid pipe line 74 that connects with.

The float valves 72 and 76 have a structure in which the valve body 82 is moved up and down by raising and lowering the float 78 inside to open and close the valves. 86 is a valve seat. Further, the branched absorption liquid pipe 88 branched from the absorption liquid pipe 19 at the outlet of the low temperature absorption liquid pump 17 is connected to the primary side (upstream side of the valve seat) of the float valve 72 so that it is always in the float valve. , Is configured to forcibly send liquid.

The liquid in the low temperature regenerator 2 normally flows to the pipe line 28 connected to the low temperature regenerator lower part, but when the operating differential pressure between the low temperature regenerator 2 and the absorber 7 is small at the time of starting, The liquid in the low temperature regenerator 2 becomes difficult to flow into the pipe line 28, and the low temperature regenerator 2
When the liquid level inside rises, it will flow into the overflow conduit 70. When the differential pressure between the low temperature regenerator 2 and the absorber 7 is small, the float 78 floats, so the valve body 82 separates from the valve seat 86 and the valve opens. On the other hand, when the differential pressure increases, the float 78 lowers and the valve closes. Similarly,
When the differential pressure between the condenser 3 and the evaporator 6 is small, the float 78 floats and the valve opens, and when the differential pressure increases, the float 78 lowers and the valve closes. Other configurations and operations are the same as in the case of FIG. Although FIG. 1 shows the case where the absorber 7 and the condenser 3 are water-cooled, it is also possible to use an air-cooling system. Moreover, although the case of double effect is illustrated, it can also be applied to the case of single effect.

Example 2 Although Example 1 shows a case where the float valve has a single seat,
As shown in FIG. 2, the second embodiment shows a double-seat case in which the float valves 72 and 76 are floats 82 and 83. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

[0016]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. (1) Since the differential pressure seal is performed by the float valve, the mechanism is compact and does not require a large installation space (especially height) unlike the conventional differential pressure seal method using a U-shaped conduit. Therefore, it can be easily used in a small absorption refrigerator / cooler / cooler.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a pressure difference sealing device in an absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an example of a conventional absorption chiller-heater.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing another example of a conventional absorption chiller-heater.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Upper Low Temperature Body 2 Low Temperature Regenerator 3 Condenser 5 Lower Low Temperature Body 6 Evaporator 7 Absorber 8 High Temperature Regenerator 14 Low Temperature Heat Exchanger 15 High Temperature Heat Exchanger 17 Low Temperature Absorption Liquid Pump 70 Overflow Pipeline 72 Float Valve 74 Refrigerant Liquid Pipe line 76 Float valve 78 Float 82 Valve body 83 Valve body 86 Valve seat 88 Branch absorption liquid pipeline

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An absorption refrigerating machine / cooling / heating machine having at least a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber and a high temperature regenerator, wherein a differential pressure seal between the low temperature regenerator and the absorber and a condenser are provided. A pressure difference sealing method in an absorption chiller / cooler / heater, characterized in that a differential pressure seal with an evaporator is performed using a float valve. 2. In an absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater equipped with at least a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber and a high temperature regenerator, an absorbent overflow pipe line connecting the low temperature regenerator and the absorber. An absorption refrigeration system that is equipped with a float valve that opens and closes the valve by raising and lowering the float, and a float valve that opens and closes the valve by raising and lowering the float in the refrigerant liquid pipe that connects the condenser and the evaporator. Pressure difference sealing device for water heaters and water heaters. 3. The pressure in the absorption refrigerating machine / cooling / heating machine according to claim 2, wherein a branched absorption liquid pipe branched from the absorption liquid pipe at the outlet of the low temperature absorption liquid pump is connected to a float valve. Difference sealing device.