JPH0877231A - Three-dimensional figure operation device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] In the conventional 3D figure operation method, it solves the difficulty of operation when pointing objects overlapping in the depth direction and moving selected objects, and it is possible to generate instructions for multiple objects. By the selection method using the selection index that clearly indicates the selection operation direction and the movement method that uses the movement index that clearly indicates the operation direction and method of movement, the two-dimensional input / output device which is the same as the conventional one is used to intuitively Be able to move accurately. [Structure] In addition to the conventional three-dimensional graphic operation configuration, a selection display control unit 205, a movement index identifying unit 207, a selection index shape recording unit 208, a movement index shape recording unit 213, a selection index drawing unit 214, and a movement index drawing unit 217 are included. By adding, it becomes possible to quickly select any one of multiple pointing objects that overlap or cannot be seen inside or behind the object, and select the target object without making operational mistakes. It becomes possible to move to the spatial position of.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention uses a display device and an input device capable of drawing only figures of a lower dimension than a target image in a computer-aided system such as design design, mechanism design, CG production, etc. for a three-dimensional image. However, the present invention also relates to a three-dimensional figure manipulating device that can easily and quickly instruct and move a three-dimensional target image.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 11 shows a conventional three-dimensional figure manipulating device 3
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a three-dimensional figure group in a dimensional space, a display method on a screen, and a displayed state on the screen. In FIG. 11, 1101 to 1106 are operation object groups located in the three-dimensional coordinate space 1107. 1108
The three-dimensional space 1107 in the two-dimensional display device 1113.
This is the visual field space that specifies the area to be displayed in. By projecting the three-dimensional object in the field of view on the projection screen 1109, the target figure group is drawn on the screen main window 1115 of the two-dimensional display device 1113.

Reference numerals 1110, 1111 and 1112 indicate the directions of the visual field regions when the target graphic groups are viewed from the front, right side and top, respectively, and the three-dimensional views of the two-dimensional display device 1113 in the same manner as described above. Display windows 1117, 1
Displayed at 118 and 1119. Reference numeral 1114 denotes a two-dimensional input device for moving a three-dimensional target figure.
Reference numeral 6 denotes a two-dimensional cursor that moves in the XY directions on the screen plane in accordance with the movement of the two-dimensional input device 1114 on the operation table plane. By designating and selecting the target graphic with the two-dimensional cursor 1116, the target graphic can be moved in the three-dimensional space.

In FIG. 12, the object 1102 is selected with the two-dimensional cursor 1116, and the two-dimensional input device 1114 is moved diagonally upward as indicated by the arrow 1209 to move the object 1102.
The state when the is moved is shown. Note that the two-dimensional input device 1114 can be operated at one time with two degrees of freedom or less such as parallel movement in the XY direction or Z direction and rotational movement around the XY axis. By changing, the operation mode is changed and the object is moved.

The structure of such a conventional three-dimensional figure operating device that enables the operation will be described with reference to FIG. The data (two-dimensional distance signal and button signal) from the two-dimensional input device 1300 is read by the device data input means 1301. The data converting means 1302 converts the distance signal into XY distance data, and the cursor position recording means 13
The cursor position is updated by adding this distance data to the current two-dimensional cursor screen position coordinate of 06. Also, the button information is converted into an operation command code (selection, movement, etc.).

The distance and the command code data are passed to the command executing means 1303, and the selection determining means 1304 or the moving position calculating means 1307 is activated according to the type of command.

When a command for selecting a target object is input, the selection discriminating means 1304 is activated, and the current position data on the screen of the cursor is recorded from the cursor position recording means 1306 and the view space recording means. Thirteen
Based on the data from 10, the cursor position on the projection plane of the visual field space is used as the origin, and after generating a half line connecting this origin from the viewpoint, the intersection of this line and the target figure in the three-dimensional space is calculated. . Here, of all the three-dimensional figures that intersect the straight line, the figure closest to the viewpoint of the visual field space is selected,
It is recorded in the selected figure recording means 1305.

Next, the move command is command execution means 1
Upon entering 303, the moving position calculation means 1307 is activated. The movement position calculation means 1307 reads out the position / direction data from the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 1308 based on the selection object ID recorded in the selected figure recording means 1305, and the distance from the two-dimensional input device 1300. A new movement position of the selected object is calculated based on the data.
This value is again recorded in the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 1308.
Returned to.

The figure position / direction data from the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 1308 and the visual field space recording means 1310.
From the data of the visual field space position, direction, range, etc., the landscape in the main window is displayed by the three-dimensional graphic drawing means 1311.
The view of the three-dimensional space viewed from three directions by the three-view drawing unit 1309 is passed to the display control unit 1313 as a bit image. Further, the cursor drawing means 1312 generates a bit image of the cursor based on the screen position data and shape data of the cursor from the cursor position recording means 1306, and passes it to the display control means 1313. The display control means 1313 converts the bit image data into RGB signals and outputs the RGB signals to the two-dimensional display device 1314 to display a three-dimensional object or a cursor on the screen of the two-dimensional display device 1314.

[0010]

However, the above-mentioned conventional structure has the following problems in pointing and moving operations.

(1) In the pointing operation, (1-1) in order to select a figure that is not visible in the figure and overlapping in the depth direction, the position or direction of the visual field space is moved to select a candidate candidate object on the screen. Since it is necessary to display with and then use the cursor for pointing, such pointing operation requires a lot of time. Also, if the three-view display shown in the conventional example is used, it is not necessary to change the visual field space,
Since it is necessary to consider the positional relationship with the dimensional object, the operation becomes difficult.

(1-2) As another conventional example, by operating the buttons of the input device, the designated figure is sequentially highlighted in the depth direction, and when the desired figure is highlighted, the selected figure is selected. A three-dimensional figure designating method has also been considered in which the depth direction or an internal object can be selected without changing the direction or position. However, in the case of this method, the order of highlighting changes sequentially from the front to the depth direction, and when the backmost figure is displayed, it is returned to the frontmost figure again, so it is a mistake in button operation. When I skipped the desired figure, I had to keep pressing the button until the figure was displayed again, and it took time to recover the mistaken operation.

(2) In the moving operation, (2-1) In the normal operation method of the two-dimensional input device, it is necessary to push a button on the keyboard or the two-dimensional input device to move or rotate in the depth direction. However, there is a case in which it is difficult to know which button was rotated and which button was moved, and an operation mistake may be made and the selected object may make an unexpected movement. As a result, it takes a lot of time to move the object to the desired position / direction.

(2-2) In the parallel movement operation in the depth direction by the normal two-dimensional input device, since the movement is only forward and backward with respect to the line-of-sight direction, the parallel movement is performed with respect to the plane located in the diagonal depth direction. In order to do so, it is necessary to change the view direction or perform constraint movement processing along the direction vector of the target plane, which requires complicated operations. For this reason,
This resulted in an increase in operation time and a lack of intuitive operation.

(2-3) Further, since the operation of the two-dimensional input device is performed by a human hand, the operation of moving the object in accordance with the movement of the two-dimensional device moves the object in an accurate direction and position. Hateful.

(2-4) Further, in the rotating operation using the two-dimensional input device, the object is rotated by converting the amount of movement of the two-dimensional input device after entering the rotational movement mode into a rotation angle. However, it was necessary to move the two-dimensional input device until the desired rotation direction was obtained, and it took time to perform the rotation operation. Further, since the movement distance is converted into the rotation angle, the relationship between the operation of the two-dimensional input device and the rotation of the object is logical to the operator, and the intuitive operation is lacking, which makes the operation difficult.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and when a plurality of objects overlapping in the depth direction are simultaneously pointed by a two-dimensional cursor, an index indicating that is displayed and the index is displayed. By pointing the two-dimensional input device back and forth in any direction, you can freely select the desired object at any time, and provide a reference plane for operation in the three-dimensional space. By drawing such an index and matching the direction of the index with the operation direction on the operation table of the two-dimensional input device, even if the two-dimensional input device is used, the three-dimensional figure displayed on the two-dimensional display device can be intuitively viewed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional figure manipulating device having a moving system capable of moving accurately.

[0018]

In order to achieve the above object, the first invention of the present invention provides a selection display control means, a movement index identifying means, and a selection index shape recording in the conventional three-dimensional graphic operation configuration. A means, a movement index shape recording means, a selection index drawing means, and a movement index drawing means are added.

A second aspect of the invention is the addition of Z-direction display attribute control means to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention.

A third aspect of the present invention is obtained by adding movement reference plane control means, movement reference plane recording means, and reference plane index display means to the configuration of the first invention.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is obtained by adding constraint condition moving means and interference checking means to the third aspect of the invention.

A fifth aspect of the present invention has a rotation angle calculating means added to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention.

[0023]

In the first aspect of the invention, the operator can
It becomes possible to quickly select any one from multiple pointing objects that are not visible inside or behind the object,
The selected object can be moved to a desired spatial position without making an operation error.

In the second invention, the positional relationship between the selected object and the objects around it can be visually grasped, including the depth direction, so that the selecting operation and the moving operation can be performed more accurately. become.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the reference plane for movement is set, and the selected object can be moved along the plane. Therefore, even if the reference plane facing the depth direction is operated by the button, The two-dimensional input device can be operated only by moving XY without switching, and it is possible to avoid an operation error and perform a simple and accurate moving operation based on the plane.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the object to be selected can be translated in parallel by constraining it in any one of the directions indicated by the movement index, and can be rotated and moved at the edge of interference with the movement reference plane. It becomes possible to arrange the selected object accurately and quickly by utilizing the edge of.

In the fifth aspect of the invention, the selected object can be rotationally moved at an angle formed by the XY axes whose origin is the position of the two-dimensional input device when the object is selected and the direction in which the two-dimensional input device is moved next. As a result, intuitive and quick rotation operation becomes possible.

[0028]

EXAMPLES Example 1 Hereinafter, a first example of the present invention will be described. In order to facilitate understanding, the operation method will be described first with reference to FIG. First, display screen examples 11 and 1 for a method of selecting a three-dimensional object that overlaps the depth method
2, 13, 14 will be described.

The display screen example 11 shows a case where the two-dimensional cursor 16 which moves on the screen screen in conjunction with the up, down, left and right operations on the table of the two-dimensional input device 15 is moved to indicate a desired object. There is. In the case of this example, actually, the objects hidden inside the selection candidate object 17 are simultaneously indicated. In this way, when an instruction is given to the inside, the back, or the places where the objects partially overlap each other, the selection index 18 is displayed as shown in the display screen example 12. Here, when the two-dimensional input device 15 is moved in the upward direction indicated by the selection index 18, the simultaneous pointing target objects located far from the screen are sequentially displayed according to the distance by which the two-dimensional input device 15 is moved. This state is shown on the display screen 13. Further, when the two-dimensional input device 15 is moved downward, the object located in front of the screen is displayed again.
This is shown in display screen examples 13 and 14. When a desired object is displayed in the foreground and a selection request is issued by an operation such as pressing a button of the two-dimensional input device 15, the object is selected. With such an instruction method, it is possible to visually select any one of the overlapping objects. Furthermore, since a plurality of objects simultaneously instructed can be sequentially displayed in the depth direction before and after according to the movement of the two-dimensional input device in two directions such as the vertical direction, even if the selection candidate objects are over-displayed due to an operation error. You will be able to go back quickly, and you will be able to perform quick selection operations.

A method of operating the selected object is shown by display screen examples 19 to 24 in FIG. Display screen examples 19 and 20
Shows a movement operation in the XY directions, display screen examples 21 and 22 show a movement operation in the depth direction, and display screen examples 23 and 24 show a rotation movement operation.

When the selection request is confirmed, as shown in the display screen example 19, the selection index 25 indicating the operable direction is displayed at the position where the object 17 is pointed by the two-dimensional cursor 16. This clearly indicates that the selection of the pointing object has been confirmed and the operation method that can be performed now. The selection index 25 in the display screen example 19 indicates that the parallel movement operation in the XY directions can be performed. When the two-dimensional input device 15 is moved as shown by the arrow 26, the target object 17 moves in the same direction as shown in the display screen example 20. Here, when the movement is completed, the display of the selection index 25 disappears.

In the case of movement in the depth direction, the selection index is as shown in the display screen example 21, which indicates that the movement is possible in the depth direction. The selection index 27 indicating that the movement in the depth direction is possible is displayed when the depth movement request such as pressing the left button of the two-dimensional input device 15 is confirmed after the selection is confirmed. When the two-dimensional input device 15 is moved in the direction shown by the arrow 28, the object moves backward as shown by the display screen 22.

In the case of the rotational movement, a selection index 29 indicating the rotational operation direction as shown in the display screen example 23 is displayed. Two
When the dimensional input device is moved in the direction of arrow 30, the object rotates left and the display screen example 24 appears.

As described above, when the movable state is entered, by clearly indicating the operable direction and method, the operation error such as the wrong rotation or the wrong depth movement. Can be prevented.

Next, a configuration for realizing the above operation will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, 100 is a two-dimensional input device, 201 is device data input means, 202 is data conversion means, 203 is command execution means, 204 is selection determination means, 205 is selection display control means, 206 is movement position calculation means, 207 is a movement index identification means, 208 is a selection index shape storage means, 209 is a selected figure recording means, 21
0 is a three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means, 211 is a visual field space recording means, 212 is a cursor position recording means, 213 is a movement index shape storage means, 214 is a selection index drawing means, 21
5 is a three-dimensional figure drawing means, 216 is a cursor drawing means,
217 is a movement index drawing means, 218 is a display control means, 3
00 is a two-dimensional display means. The above-mentioned configuration is different from the configuration of the conventional example shown in FIG.
No selection display control means 205, selection index recording means 2
08, selection index drawing means 214, movement index identifying means 20
7, the movement index shape recording means 213 and the movement index drawing means 217 are added.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. When the two-dimensional input device 100 is moved or a button is pressed, the device data input means 201 receives these signals, the movement amount data in the XY directions and ON / O of each button.
It is converted into binary data indicating the FF state and passed to the data conversion means 202. In the data conversion means 202, the XY movement amount data and the button pressing state data are converted into the command execution means 20.
3, the XY movement amount data is added to the position data of the two-dimensional cursor on the current screen screen to calculate a new cursor position, and the cursor position recording means 212.
Save to. When the data in the cursor position recording means 212 is updated, the cursor drawing means 216 is activated, and the cursor moved to a new position is drawn in the display control means 218 based on the cursor shape and the position data recorded therein. .

The command executing means 203 determines from the button pressing state data and the current operating state, determines a request for instruction, selection, movement, etc., and activates each processing means. When the selection determination unit 204 is activated by this instruction request, here, the screen screen coordinate data (X,
Y) is read, this is converted into point coordinates (x, y, z) located in the three-dimensional space, and straight line data connecting this point and the viewpoint is calculated. Next, in order to calculate the object that intersects with this straight line, the position / direction data of each object is read from the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 210. If an intersecting object is found, the selected figure recording means 209 records the ID and the number of the object. When a plurality of objects are found, the selection display control means 205 is activated. The selection display control means 205 calculates the position order and display order of the selected object from the viewpoint, and these data, the cursor position data at that time, and a flag indicating the multiple object selection mode are stored in the selected figure recording means 209. Record.

When the data of the selected figure recording means 209 is updated, the selection index drawing means 214 and the three-dimensional figure drawing means 215 are activated. In the selection index drawing means 214, the flag of the plural object selection mode is set to the selection figure recording means 209.
When the confirmation is made from the above, similarly, the cursor position data at the time of the instruction is read from the selected figure recording means 209, and the display control means 218 displays the selected index shape data read from the selected index shape recording means 208 in order to display the selected index at this position.
Draw on. In the three-dimensional figure drawing means 215, all three-dimensional objects are displayed in the two-dimensional display device 3 based on the ID of the pointing object read from the selected figure recording means 209 and the display order data.
00 is displayed on the display control means 218.

When the two-dimensional input device 100 is moved at the time of displaying the selection index, the selection display control means 205 determines from the difference between the cursor position at the time of selection recorded in the selection figure recording means 209 and the current cursor position. The vector direction is obtained, and the display order of the selected figure recording means 209 is updated in order to display the object in front of or behind the selection candidate object currently displayed on the forefront in the foreground. This allows
Interlocking with the movement of the two-dimensional input device 100, the instructed target objects sequentially appear or disappear on the screen.

When the desired object is displayed on the foreground and a selection request is issued from the two-dimensional input device 100 or the like, the selection display control means 205 clears the plural object selection mode flag and is selected. The ID of the object is recorded in the selected figure recording means 209. At the same time, the movement index identifying means 207 is notified that the movement mode has been entered. The movement index identification means 207 checks the current operation mode (XY parallel movement, depth direction parallel movement, rotational movement) and notifies the movement index drawing means 217 of an appropriate movement index shape ID.
Based on this ID, the movement index drawing means 217 causes the display control means 218 to display the movement index shape data read from the movement index shape recording means 213 and the cursor position data at the time of instruction read from the selected figure recording means 209. Draw the moving index shape.

After that, when the two-dimensional input device 100 is moved, the command executing means 203 causes the movement index identifying means 2 to move.
07, the deletion of the movement index is requested, and the movement position calculation means 20
Start 6. In the moving position calculating means 206, the XY distance data sent from the command executing means 203 is added to the position data of the moving object in accordance with the current operation mode to obtain the position data in a new three-dimensional space, and the three-dimensional position is calculated. The graphic position / direction recording means 210 is updated. This allows
The selected object is moved in the three-dimensional space in accordance with the movement of the two-dimensional input device 100. For example, when the XY parallel movement mode is changed to the depth direction parallel movement mode, the movement index identifying means 207 moves the depth direction operation mode in order to display the movement index again at the position indicated by the object and the two-dimensional cursor. The index ID is sent to the moving index drawing means 217.
The movement index drawing means 217 reads the movement index shape data in the depth direction from the movement index shape recording means 213 by the same method as described above, and draws it on the display control means 218.

As described above, in this embodiment, the selection display control means 205, the movement index identifying means 207,
Selection index shape recording means 208, movement index shape recording means 2
13, the selection index drawing means 214 and the movement index drawing means 217 are added, so that the operator can quickly see any one of a plurality of pointing objects that overlap each other or cannot be seen inside or behind the objects. It becomes possible to select, and the selected object can be moved to a desired spatial position without making an operation error.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that all selection candidate objects that overlap in the depth direction are made to appear semitransparent when the instruction is fixed, and are gradually displayed thin according to the depth. .

The flow of operations from a series of instructions to selection confirmation is shown in display screen examples 301, 302, 306 and 308 of FIG. A display screen example 301 shows when an object is designated,
A display screen example 302 shows that the instruction has been confirmed, the selection index 303 is displayed, and all the pointing objects are displayed thinly and semi-transparently in the depth direction. When the two-dimensional input device 304 is moved in the direction of the arrow 305, the objects at deep positions in the depth direction are highlighted in order. Display screen example 3
As shown in 06, if the selection request is issued when the desired object 307 is highlighted, it is indicated that the selection of the selected object 307 has succeeded and the operation mode has been entered, as shown in a display screen example 308. The movement index 309 shown is displayed. The moving method thereafter is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Next, the configuration of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, a Z-direction display attribute control means 401 is added to the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Therefore, only the flow of processing from the time when the instruction related to the Z-direction display attribute control means 401 is decided until the movement is started will be described.

When the instruction is determined and the selection index is displayed by the selection instruction drawing means 214, the three-dimensional figure drawing means 215 is activated next as described in the first embodiment. Three
The three-dimensional figure drawing means 215 draws the Z-direction display attribute control means 4 before drawing each object defined in the three-dimensional space.
01 is started with the ID of the object to be drawn.
The Z direction display attribute control means 401 is the selected figure recording means 2
The pointing object ID is read from 09, and based on this, the position data in the depth direction of each pointing object is read from the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 210, and the semi-transparency of the object is read according to the degree of depth. Number (alpha blend value)
Is calculated and returned to the three-dimensional figure drawing means 215. If 3
When there is no pointing object corresponding to the ID passed from the three-dimensional figure drawing means 215, a null value is returned for the display attribute.
Finally, the three-dimensional figure drawing means 215 follows the semitransparency value returned from the Z direction display attribute control means 401.
Draw an object.

Each time the two-dimensional input device 100 is moved in the selected index direction, the process of highlighting the pointing object in the depth direction is performed in the same manner as in the case where the pointing object of the first embodiment is sequentially displayed in the foreground. It is the same. Further, the processing regarding the moving operation after the selection is confirmed is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment.

As described above, in this embodiment, by adding the Z-direction display attribute control means 401 to the first embodiment, the position including the depth direction of the selected object and the surrounding objects is also included. The relationship can be visually grasped, and the selection operation and the movement operation can be performed more accurately.

(Embodiment 3) Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The third embodiment is characterized in that the selected object is moved according to the direction vector of the designated reference plane. That is, the XY movement of the two-dimensional input device is mapped to the movement parallel to the designated reference plane. As a result, when the two-dimensional input device 511 is moved up and down on a surface that looks like a horizontal floor on the screen like the plane 509 of the display screen example 502 in FIG. 5, the selected object moves back and forth in the depth direction. Further, when the two-dimensional input device 511 is moved up and down on a surface that looks like a vertical wall on the screen like the plane 510, the selected object also moves up and down. In this way, the direction of the viewing surface on the screen and the operating direction of the two-dimensional input device can be matched, and the two-dimensional input device can
Dimensional direct operation can be performed.

Display screen example 50 showing the flow of the above series of operations
This will be described using 1, 502 and 503. First, as shown in a display screen example 501, the two-dimensional cursor 504 is moved to specify a reference plane. When the designation of the reference plane is successful, the reference plane index 505 is displayed at the center position of the surface. Next, as shown in a display screen example 502, an object 506 is displayed.
When is selected, the reference plane index disappears, and instead the operation index 5
07 appears. This index indicates that the vertical movement of the two-dimensional input device 511 moves the selection object 506 back and forth in the depth direction in the three-dimensional space, and the left and right movement of the two-dimensional input device 511 moves the selection object 506 horizontally. Is clearly stated. Therefore, when the two-dimensional input device 511 is moved diagonally forward as indicated by the arrow 508 in FIG. 502, the selection target 506 is diagonally moved forward as shown in the display screen example 503.

Next, the structure of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 except that the movement reference plane control means 601 and the movement reference plane recording means 602.
The reference plane index display means 603 is added, and the movement index identification means 207 and the movement index shape recording means 213 in the configuration of the first embodiment are connected. Therefore, here, only the operation of designating the reference plane and moving the selected object in the plane direction will be described.

When a reference plane instruction command is issued from the command execution means 203, the movement reference plane control means 601 activates the selection determination means 204 to check which plane has been designated. When the designation of the reference plane is successful, the position / direction data of the reference plane is read out from the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 210 based on the reference plane ID from the selected figure recording means 209, and the midpoint coordinates of the reference plane ( cx, cy, cz) is calculated. The coordinate value and the reference plane ID are written in the movement reference plane recording means 602. Next, the reference plane display means 603 is activated to draw the reference plane index on the display control means 218. At this time, the reference plane index shape data is read from the movement reference plane recording means 602. Through the above processing, the reference plane is designated, and the reference plane index is drawn on the plane.

The direction data of the reference plane from the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 210 and the visual field space recording means are used to determine whether the vector in the depth direction of the reference plane is oriented horizontally or vertically on the display screen. Calculation is performed from the projection conversion matrix from 211, and the result is recorded in the movement reference plane recording unit 602.

When the object is selected by the same processing as in the first embodiment, the movement reference plane control means 601 sends the reference plane index drawing means 603 an instruction to stop the index display. next,
In order to display the movement index at the same position as the reference plane index, the midpoint coordinates of the reference plane and the direction data on the display screen of the reference plane are read from the movement reference plane recording unit 602 and sent to the movement index identification unit 207. In the movement index identifying means 207,
From the direction data on the display plane of the reference plane, determine whether the reference plane in the three-dimensional space is oriented horizontally or vertically on the screen, and use the movement index shape that clearly indicates the movement operation in the depth direction, or the horizontal or vertical direction. After determining whether or not to use a movement index shape that clearly indicates the movement operation in the direction, the shape position data of an appropriate movement index is updated based on the midpoint coordinate value. Finally,
By activating the movement index drawing means 217, an appropriate movement index is drawn at the position where the reference plane index was present.

Next, when the movement reference plane control means 601 receives movement amount data from the two-dimensional input device 100, this data and the direction of the reference plane on the display screen from the movement position reference plane recording means 602. Data is moved position calculation means 206
Send to. In the movement position calculation means 206, the direction vector of the reference plane on the display screen is not 0 (0 indicates a plane perpendicular to the depth direction in the three-dimensional space) but is oriented in the horizontal direction. Then, the X of the two-dimensional input device 100
The movement amount in the direction is added to the Z coordinate value of the selection target object, and the movement amount in the Y direction of the two-dimensional input device is added to the Y coordinate value of the selection target object. Further, if the direction vector on the display screen of the reference plane is not 0 but is oriented in the vertical direction, the movement amount of the two-dimensional input device 100 in the Y direction is added to the Z coordinate value of the selected object to perform two-dimensional input. The amount of movement of the device 100 in the X direction is converted into the X coordinate value of the selected object. When the direction vector on the display screen of the reference plane is 0, X and Y of the two-dimensional input device 100
The movement amount data of is added to the X and Y coordinate values of the selected object. This result is written in the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 210, and when the three-dimensional figure drawing means 210 is activated, the selected object is displayed at the new position moved by the two-dimensional input device 100.

As described above, in this embodiment, the movement reference plane control means 601, the movement reference plane recording means 602, and the reference plane index display means 603 are added to the configuration of the first embodiment, and the first embodiment is carried out. Movement index identifying means 207 in the example configuration
By connecting the movement index shape recording means 213 with a reference plane for movement, the selected object can be moved along the plane, so that even a reference plane facing the depth direction can be set. The operation can be performed only by moving the XY of the two-dimensional input device without switching the operation mode by the button, and it becomes possible to avoid an operation error and perform a simple and accurate moving operation based on the plane.

(Fourth Embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Screen table example 701,
Reference numerals 702, 703, and 704 represent an operation method in which the selected object is constrained to move in a specific straight line direction on the plane and is accurately arranged on the plane by interference with the ridgeline of the plane.

In the display screen example 701, the plane 705 is designated as the movement reference plane, and the object 70 located on this plane is designated.
6 is designated by the two-dimensional cursor 707 and selected. After that, the selection target 706 enters the movement mode, and as shown in the display screen example 702, the movement index 708.
Is displayed. As described in the third embodiment, the movement index 708 moves the selection object 706 in the horizontal direction on the two-dimensional input device 709 to move it horizontally on the plane 705, thereby moving the two-dimensional input device 709. It is clearly shown that the selection target 706 can be moved back and forth on the plane 705 by moving it up and down.

By moving the tip of the arrow pointing to the right toward the screen of the movement index 708 by instructing it with the two-dimensional cursor 707, even if the two-dimensional input device 709 is moved obliquely upward as indicated by 710, it is moved straight. Move to the right. This state is shown in a display screen example 703.

When the selection object is further moved to the right, the apex 711 of the selection object 706 interferes with the edge 712 of the plane 705 as shown in the display screen example 704, and the selection object is perpendicular to the plane 705. The rotation starts around the vertical line passing through the apex 711. When the two-dimensional input device 709 is further moved to the right in this state, an arbitrary edge of the selection object 706 and an edge 712 of the plane 705 interfere with each other and stop. The selected object cannot be moved to the right any more.

By adopting such an operation method,
It is possible to easily and quickly arrange the selection target object in a corner of an arbitrary plane or align the selection target object on a specific straight line.

Next, the configuration of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This is obtained by adding a constraint condition movement calculation means 801 and an interference check means 802 to the configuration of the third embodiment. The processing contents of the added means will be described by taking a movement operation after the movement reference plane is designated and the object is selected as an example.

First, it is necessary to process the operation of pointing an arbitrary end of the arrow indicating the direction of the movement index with the two-dimensional cursor. This is because the instruction request is the command execution means 20.
When the movement reference plane control means 601 is entered from 3, the movement reference plane control means 601 activates the selection determination means 204. Based on the data from the movement index shape recording unit 213 and the cursor position recording unit 212, the selection determining unit 204 checks which end of the movement index the two-dimensional cursor points to and calculates the direction vector thereof. And records it in the movement reference plane recording means 602.

Next, when the operator moves the two-dimensional input device 100 to move the selected object in the designated direction, the movement reference plane control means 601 causes the two-dimensional input device passed from the command execution means 203. The movement amount data of 100 is delivered to the constraint condition movement calculation means 801, and this is activated.
The constraint condition movement calculation unit 801 reads the direction vector data indicating the constraint movement direction recorded in the movement reference plane recording unit 602 and deletes one value of the movement amount data (ΔX, ΔY) of the two-dimensional input device 100. At the same time, it is returned to the movement reference plane control means 601 and this data is passed to the movement position calculation means 206. As a result, it becomes possible to move the selected object while constraining it in the designated one direction.

The moving position calculating means 206 calculates the position of a new object to be selected and transfers this data to the interference checking means 802. In the interference checking means 802, based on the movement reference plane ID from the movement reference plane recording means 602, the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 210 checks in order to check whether there is any interference with the edge of the movement reference plane. Read the 3D position / direction data of the reference plane. If there is interference, the movement position is adjusted so that the selected object does not exceed the reference plane. When the selected object exceeds the movement reference plane, it is further checked which edge or apex of the selection object interferes with the edge of the movement reference plane, and the processing is performed if necessary for rotational movement. The rotational movement occurs when the vertex of the selected object is in contact with the movement reference plane. When the interference check means 802 finishes the above-described interference check processing, the result is returned to the movement position calculation means 206, and the processing ends.

The moving position calculating means 206 writes the new moving position data of the selected object returned from the interference checking means 802 into the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 210. By this process, the selection target is constrained to move in one direction, and when the movement reference plane and the selection target interfere with each other, the selection target is rotated and moved as necessary, and the selection target is placed on the edge of the movement reference plane. It can be placed accurately.

As described above, in this embodiment, the constraint condition moving means 801 and the interference checking means 802 are added to the third embodiment.
By adding, it becomes possible to translate the selected object in parallel by constraining it to any one of the directions indicated by the movement index, and to rotationally move at the edge of interference with the movement reference plane. By using it, the selected object can be arranged accurately and quickly.

(Fifth Embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The fifth embodiment solves the conventional problem of the rotation operation of the selected object.
Even if a two-dimensional input device is used, a three-dimensional object can be rotated quickly and easily.

A display screen example 902 shows that the object 904 of the display screen example 901 is rotated by the operation of this embodiment.
A display screen example 903 shows a state of rotation by a conventional operation.

In this embodiment, it is assumed that the XY axes having the origin of the position of the two-dimensional input device 906 when the object 904 is pointed by the two-dimensional cursor 905 are set on the operation console. Next, the angle formed by the straight line connecting the position when the two-dimensional input device 906 is moved and the assumed origin of the XY axes and the straight line in the positive direction of the X axis is the rotation angle of the object. A display screen example 902 is a state in which the two-dimensional input device 906 is rotated by Θ angle by this method.

In the conventional rotation operation, the amount of movement in the positive and negative directions after pointing the object 904 with the two-dimensional cursor 905 of the display screen example 901 is converted into a rotation angle. Therefore, as shown in the display screen example 902, when the two-dimensional input device 906 is moved to the same position as in this embodiment, d is the movement amount, and α is the conversion rate from the distance to the rotation angle. When α is small, it rotates only slightly like the display screen example 903. Further, the rotation direction is also opposite between this example and the present embodiment.

Next, the configuration of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The configuration of this embodiment is obtained by adding a rotation angle calculation means 1001 to the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

The object is selected and the command executing means 20 is selected.
When the rotational operation request from 3 enters the movement position calculation means 206, the movement position calculation means 206 causes the rotation angle calculation means 100 to operate.
Start 1. The rotation angle calculation means 1001 reads the two-dimensional cursor position data when the object is selected from the selected figure recording means 209 and the current cursor position data from the cursor position recording means 212. A straight line connecting the cursor position at the time of selecting the object and the current cursor position is obtained, and the angle formed by this straight line and the positive X axis of the XY axis with the cursor position at the time of selecting the object as the origin is calculated. Using this angle as the rotation angle, the rotational movement calculation of the selected object is performed, and the result is returned to the movement position calculation means 206. The moving position calculating means 206 writes the new rotational moving position data of the selected object in the three-dimensional figure position / direction recording means 210.

As described above, in this embodiment, the rotation angle calculating means 1001 is added to the configuration of the first embodiment so that the XY axes whose origin is the position of the two-dimensional input device when the object is selected. Next, it becomes possible to rotate and move the selected object at an angle formed by the direction in which the two-dimensional input device moves, and intuitive and quick rotation operation becomes possible.

[0075]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the selection display control means is added to the conventional three-dimensional graphic operation configuration,
By providing the movement index identification means, the selection index shape recording means, the movement index shape recording means, the selection index drawing means, and the movement index drawing means, the operator can make a plurality of instructions that do not overlap or are not visible inside or behind the object. It becomes possible to quickly select any one of the objects while visually recognizing it, and it becomes possible to move the selected object to a desired spatial position without making an operation error.

In the second invention, by adding Z direction display attribute control means to the configuration of the first invention, the positional relationship including the depth direction between the selected object and the objects around it can be visually recognized. Therefore, the selection operation and the movement operation can be performed more accurately.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a reference plane for movement is set by adding movement reference plane control means, movement reference plane recording means and reference plane index display means to the configuration of the first invention. Since the selected object can be moved along the plane, the reference plane facing the depth direction can be operated only by moving the XY of the two-dimensional input device without switching the operation mode by the button. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an operation error and perform a simple and accurate movement operation based on the surface.

In the fourth invention, by adding the constraint condition moving means and the interference checking means to the third invention, the selected object is translated in parallel by constraining it in any one direction indicated by the movement index. It is possible to rotate and move at the edge of interference with the moving reference plane, and it becomes possible to accurately and quickly arrange the selected object using the edge of the moving reference plane.

In the fifth invention, the rotation angle calculating means is added to the configuration of the first invention, so that it is possible to reduce the number of times when the object is selected.
The selected object can be rotationally moved at an angle formed by the XY axes having the origin of the position of the two-dimensional input device and the direction in which the two-dimensional input device moves next, and intuitive and quick rotation operation is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a display screen diagram showing a flow of operations of selection, parallel movement, depth direction movement, and rotational movement in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a three-dimensional figure operation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a display screen diagram showing a flow of a selection operation in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a three-dimensional figure operation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a display screen diagram showing the flow of a selection operation in the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a three-dimensional figure operation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a display screen diagram showing the flow of a selection operation in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a three-dimensional figure operation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a display screen diagram showing the flow of a selection operation in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a three-dimensional figure operation device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a display screen diagram showing a flow of operations up to selection in the conventional example.

FIG. 12 is a display screen diagram showing a moving operation after selection in a conventional example.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional three-dimensional figure operation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 100 two-dimensional input device 201 device data input means 202 data conversion input means 203 command execution means 204 selection determination means 205 selection display control means 206 moving position calculation means 208 selection index shape means 209 selected figure recording means 210 three-dimensional figure position / direction Recording means 211 Field-of-view space recording means 212 Cursor position recording means 213 Movement index shape recording means 214 Selection index drawing means 215 Three-dimensional figure drawing means 216 Cursor drawing means 217 Movement index drawing means 218 Display control means 300 Two-dimensional display device 401 Z Direction display attribute control means 601 Movement reference plane control means 602 Movement reference plane recording control means 603 Reference plane index drawing means 801 Constraint condition movement calculation means 802 Interference check means 1001 Rotation angle calculation means

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A computer system for pointing, selecting and moving a three-dimensional object using a two-dimensional input device and a two-dimensional cursor that moves in the XY directions on a screen screen of a two-dimensional display device in association therewith. When a plurality of three-dimensional objects that overlap each other in the depth direction are simultaneously pointed by a three-dimensional cursor, selected figure recording means for recording all the object IDs and the number of the simultaneously pointed object, and data of the selected figure recording means. Based on the above, the position order corresponding to the length of the distance of the simultaneously pointed objects from the viewpoint and the display order thereof are calculated, and these data and the position of the two-dimensional cursor when a plurality of objects are pointed Data is registered in the selected figure recording means, and a plurality of simultaneously instructed objects are sequentially displayed one by one on the forefront, following the movement amount of the two-dimensional cursor after the instruction is confirmed. Selection display control means for performing a processing for selecting the shape, a selection index shape recording means for recording the shape and position of the selection index displayed when a plurality of objects overlapping in the depth direction are simultaneously pointed, and the object A moving index identification for checking the appropriate moving index indicating the moving operation direction displayed when the selection is confirmed and entering the moving operation and notifying the moving index drawing means and controlling ON / OFF of the display of the moving index. Means, a movement index shape recording means for recording the shapes and positions of various movement indexes, and a selection index and a movement index.
A three-dimensional figure having a selection index drawing means and a movement index drawing means for writing the shape bit images of the selection index and the movement index into display control means for drawing a three-dimensional object and a cursor for display on a three-dimensional display device. Operating device. 2. When a plurality of objects are simultaneously pointed by a two-dimensional cursor, the translucency of each pointing object is calculated according to the depth in the depth direction of all the pointing objects. The three-dimensional graphic operation device according to claim 1, further comprising Z-direction display attribute control means for displaying with a sense of depth. 3. Movement of a selected object by constraining it on an infinite plane parallel to an arbitrary designated reference plane, and display and movement of an index which clearly indicates that the reference plane is the reference plane when the designated reference plane is specified. Moving reference plane control means for performing processing for displaying the moving index by deleting the reference plane index when the operation is started, and the shape of the reference plane index and the ID of the designated reference plane.
3. The three-dimensional figure operating device according to claim 1, further comprising: moving reference plane recording means for recording direction data of the reference plane; and reference plane index drawing means for reading and displaying the reference plane index from the moving reference plane recording means. 4. A constraint condition moving means for performing a position calculation for moving a selection object straight in the direction of the arrow by moving a direction arrow indicated by a movement index while pointing with a two-dimensional cursor, and a selection object. 4. The three-dimensional figure manipulating apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: an interference checking unit for checking an interference with the edge of the reference plane and calculating a rotational movement due to the interference. 5. A straight line connecting a two-dimensional cursor position when an object is selected and a current cursor position is obtained, and an X-axis on the XY axis whose origin is the straight line and the cursor position when the object is selected.
3. The three-dimensional figure manipulating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation angle movement calculation means for calculating an angle formed by a half line in the positive direction of the axis and calculating the rotation movement of the selected object by using this angle as a rotation angle.