JPH0877403A - Noncontact type automatic ticket examining machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the noncontact type automatic ticket examining machine which is free of a reception fault by making a receiving means receive a reflected signal of a modulated main carrier of the same frequency with other main bodies with a signal generated by modulating a subcarrier of frequency much lower than the main carrier with card data. CONSTITUTION: The carrier generating circuit 30 of a main body G1 generates the main carrier F0 of frequency set as high as that of other main bodies, and this main carrier F0 is modulated by an amplitude(AM) modulating circuit 31 with sent data D sent out of the main body G1 to a card C to generate the main carrier F1 , which is sent out of an antenna (a) to a card (e). The main carrier F0 is sent out of the antenna (a) on a time-division basis. The card C receives the sent signal F1 and stores its data in a CPU 22. The CPU 22 generates the subcarrier (f) of frequency much lower than the main carrier F0 , and the subcarrier is modulated with the card data (d) and sent to a reflecting antenna 20b. The main carrier F0 from the antenna (a) when striking on and reflected by the reflecting antenna 20b is modulated with the card data (d) and the reflected signal F2 is received by the receiving circuit 40 of the main body G1 .

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-contact type automatic ticket gate, and more particularly to a transmitter which is improved to prevent interference.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, an automatic ticket gate, which is widely used, is constructed so that a ticket or a commuter ticket is inserted into a main body of the automatic ticket gate to perform an automatic ticket gate. However, this insertion-type automatic ticket gate has a problem that the commuter ticket user has to insert and remove the commuter ticket from the commuter ticket compartment each time the commuter ticket user passes through the ticket gate.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, data is exchanged between the main body of the automatic ticket gate and the commuter pass (card) in a non-contact manner so that the main body of the automatic ticket gate can be fixed. A non-contact type automatic ticket gate has been proposed which is capable of performing an automatic ticket gate without inserting a ticket (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 1
No. 246687).

By the way, many automatic ticket gates are installed at the ticket gates of stations for the convenience of users.
It is conceivable that the present invention is similarly employed in a non-contact automatic ticket gate.

[0005]

However, when a large number of non-contact type automatic ticket gates are installed in parallel, the frequencies of radio waves emitted from the main bodies of the non-contact type automatic ticket gates (hereinafter referred to as the main body) are mutually different. If they are different, there is a fear of reception failure that the signal from the card cannot be received correctly.

To further explain the above-mentioned concerns,
A transmitter having an antenna is provided, and a predetermined frequency (for example, 2.45 GHz) is set for the card side.
Is emitting radio waves.

On the other hand, when the card C receives a signal from the main body side, the received radio wave is phase-modulated by a signal of data such as a boarding section stored in the card and returned to the transmitter as a reflected radio wave. Sending data in.

By the way, when a plurality of main bodies are arranged side by side, if there is a difference in the frequency of the radio waves (carrier waves) emitted from the main bodies, radio wave interference occurs, that is, a new frequency corresponding to the difference in the frequencies occurs. A beat signal, which is a signal, is generated.

If the frequency of the beat signal described above is significantly different from the frequency reflected from the card C, it can be separated by the filter circuit, so the above-mentioned problem of reception failure does not occur, but the frequency of the beat signal and the card C are not generated. If the frequencies are close to each other, the data signal frequency band and the beat signal frequency band when demodulating the data signal from the radio wave reflected by the card become the same band, and the data signal cannot be accurately demodulated.

In order to solve such a problem, the frequencies of the oscillators of the main carrier waves of the transmitters of the respective main bodies are adjusted in advance, that is, the frequency of the beat signal can be discriminated from the frequency of the card. It is also possible to adjust.

However, in such frequency adjustment, the oscillation frequency of the oscillator must be changed for each main body by a dip switch or the like, and when the main body is moved to another ticket gate, the frequency of the other main body is changed. The adjustment also has to be performed, and there is a drawback that it takes a lot of time to adjust the frequency.
Further, when installing 10 or more automatic ticket gates in one ticket gate, when the frequency band occupied by one main body is set to 7 MHz to avoid the above-mentioned interference, for example, 16 main bodies are arranged in parallel. In the case, the whole frequency band is 1 of 7MHz × 16
It becomes 12MHz. Therefore, a new problem arises that the number of installed main bodies is restricted in terms of frequency band.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact automatic ticket gate without reception problems.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a contactless automatic ticket gate according to the present invention is a contactless data transfer between a wireless transmitter provided in a main body and a card. In the non-contact type automatic ticket gate that performs the automatic ticket gate, the transmitter has the same frequency as the main carrier wave generated from the carrier wave generation circuit of the transmitter provided in another main body adjacent to the main body. Main carrier generation means for generating a set main carrier, transmission signal generation means for modulating the generated main carrier using data to be sent to the card side to generate a transmission signal, and generated transmission Transmitting means for transmitting a signal to the card side, and a signal modulated by data for transmitting a subcarrier having a frequency sufficiently lower than the frequency of the main carrier to the main body Receiving means for receiving a reflection signal of the main carrier that is phase-modulated, a beat signal component based on a frequency difference between the main carrier of the main body from the received signal, and the main carrier of the adjacent main body, And filter means for removing the harmonic component contained in the main carrier relating to the main body, and data for demodulating the received signal from which the beat signal component and the harmonic component have been removed to extract the data from the card side. And extraction means. Further, the main carrier wave generating means is constituted by a dielectric resonator oscillator phase-locked to a high stability crystal oscillator. The modulation processing of the transmission signal generating means is an amplitude modulation processing.

[0014]

In the above-mentioned structure, the receiving means uses the data for transmitting from the card to the main body the subcarrier having a frequency sufficiently lower than the frequency of the main carrier set to be the same as the frequency of the main carrier of the other main body. The reflected signal of the main carrier wave that is phase-modulated by the modulated signal is received. Then, the filter means removes the beat signal component and the harmonic component,
Next, the extraction means demodulates the received signal from which the beat signal component and the harmonic component are removed, and extracts the data from the card side.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) main bodies G ₁ , G
₂ is a plan view when _two ... Are arranged in parallel, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main body G ₁ among them.

Since the main bodies G _{1 to} G ₄ have the same structure,
For the body G ₁ will be explained. Body G _1, the door 1a for opening and closing the wicket passage P on the side surfaces of the front and rear of the housing H,
1b is provided, and a display unit 2 for displaying the passable direction to the user A is provided on the front and back of the housing H.
Further, a communication area 3 for transmitting and receiving data by wireless communication with a non-contact type card C carried by a user is provided at the upper part of the front part and the rear part of the housing H. Antennas a and a connected to a transmitter, which will be described later, are faced to these communication areas 3, respectively.

S is a human detector for detecting the entrance of the user a into the ticket gate passage P, the exit from the ticket gate passage P, or the passage thereof, and is attached to the side surface of the housing H and the arm 4. . Speakers 5 for broadcasting a predetermined guide to the user a are attached to both side surfaces of the housing H.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a controller for controlling the operation of the main body G ₁ , which is composed of a microcomputer, and its electric structure is shown in FIG. The central processing unit (CPU) 11 of the controller 6 performs arithmetic control processing using the program data stored in the ROM 12 and the working data stored in the RAM 13. This C
The PU is connected to each door 1a, 1 through the I / O unit 14.
a door driver 15 for driving b, a lamp driver 16 for controlling lighting of the lamp of the display unit 2, an amplifier 17 for amplifying and incorporating a detection signal of the human detector s, and a speaker 5
And a transmitter T for transmitting and receiving data to and from the card C are connected.

The transmitter T is composed of a microcomputer different from the controller 6 and, like the well-known non-contact type automatic ticket gate, the main body G ₁ to the card C via the antenna a such as the station name and the current date. It has a function of transmitting a radio wave modulated with data, receiving a radio wave reflected by the card C, and demodulating data of a boarding section and the like sent from the card C.

Next, the electrical configuration of the card C will be described.
This card C is similar to an ordinary IC card having a communication function in that it includes the receiving antenna 20a and the card C to the body G.
A reflector antenna 20b which modulates the phase to generate a reflected signal with data to be sent to _1, a receiving unit 21 that processes a received signal of the receiving antenna 20a, stores the data from the main body G _1, boarding section CPU22 which has a memory for storing card data such as
It has a phase modulator 23 for modulating the subcarrier from the PU 22 to modulate the phase of the reflected signal, and a power supply 24. Note that the power supply 24 may not be provided inside the card C and may be configured to receive the power wave supplied from the main body G ₁ and use it as a power supply.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the transmitter T ₁ and the card C provided in each main body G ₁ . Incidentally, the transmitter T ₂ which is provided on the other body _{G 2, G 3, T 3} ... also are the same as the transmitter T _1, illustrating the transmitter T ₁ of the main body G ₁ as an example.

The transmitter T ₁ has a carrier wave generation circuit 30 including an oscillator for generating a main carrier wave F ₀ having a predetermined frequency (for example, 2.45 GHz). The oscillator used here is a dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO) that is phase-locked to a highly stable crystal oscillator used in mobile phones and the like. According to the experiments conducted by the present inventors, even if there is a temperature change of 80 ° C., when the frequency F _{0 of the} main carrier is 2,45 GHz,
A main carrier in the range of 45 GHz ± 5,5 kHz is obtained,
It has been confirmed that extremely high stability can be obtained.

Main carrier F from carrier generation circuit 30
₀ is modulated by the transmission data (digital data) D sent from the main body G ₁ to the card C in the amplitude (AM) modulation circuit 31, and the transmission signal F ₁ is generated. In addition, F of FIG.
_{Below 0} and F ₁ , outlines of these waveforms are shown. Further, although the AM modulation circuit 31 can be configured with an FM modulation circuit, the AM modulation circuit has a feature that the circuit configuration can be simplified.

The generated transmission signal F ₁ is transmitted to the antenna a through the transmission circuit 32 formed of an amplification circuit and the like and the circulator 33 composed of a well-known directional coupler, and is sent from the antenna a to the card C side. Sent out. The main carrier F ₀ from the carrier generating circuit 30 that is not modulated by the AM modulating circuit 31 is time-divisionally transmitted from the antenna a together with the transmission signal F ₁ . The time division circuit is omitted in FIG.

Next, before describing the receiving mechanism of the transmitter T ₁ , the receiving function on the card C side will be described.

The transmission signal sent from the antenna a is received by the receiving antenna 20a, and then the transmission data D is extracted by the receiving unit 21 including a detection circuit, a demodulation circuit and the like and stored in the memory 22 'of the CPU 22. To be done.

The CPU 22 generates a subcarrier f having a frequency sufficiently lower than the frequency of the main carrier F ₀ , for example, 500 KHz, outputs it to the multiplication circuit 23 a of the phase modulator 23, and sends it to the main body G _1. The card data (digital signal) d is output to the multiplication circuit 23a. Therefore, the multiplication circuit 23a generates a signal in which the subcarrier f is modulated with the card data d. Note that FIG. 4 shows a waveform diagram of the subcarrier F and the card data d.

The generated signal is fed to the reflection antenna 20b via the phase modulation circuit 23b of the phase modulation section 23. Therefore, when the main carrier F ₀ is reflected by the reflecting antenna 20 b from the antenna a of the transmitter T ₁ , it is in a state of being phase-modulated by the card data d.

The reflected signal F ₂ received by the antenna a of the transmitter T ₁ is input to the receiving circuit 40 via the circulator 33. The receiving circuit 40 includes a detection circuit 40a, a bandpass filter 40b, and an amplification circuit 40c.

Of these, the bandpass filter 40b is determined so as to remove the beat signal F _B component and the harmonic component. The beat signal F _B frequency when the frequency of the main carrier F _{0 and the} like is set to the above-mentioned value is about 10 kHz, and the frequency band of the signal from the card C to be extracted by the transmitter T ₁ is about 1 MHz. Therefore, it is possible to easily pass only the 1 MHz band including the component of the data d from the card C as the filter characteristic of the band filter 40d. The bandpass filter 4
0d can also be a combination of a low pass filter and a high pass filter.

The output from the receiving circuit 40 from which the noise component such as the beat signal F _B has been removed is output to the demodulating circuit 41, where it is demodulated using the signal (f) from the signal generating circuit 42 and the card. The data d is extracted. The extracted card data d is used for arithmetic processing of the automatic ticket gate sent to the controller 6 of the main body G ₁ .

As described above, the non-contact type automatic ticket gate according to this embodiment has the carrier wave generation circuit 30 of the transmitter T _1.
DR like transmitters T ₂ , T ₃ ...
Since the beat signal F _B can be controlled as much as possible and the beat signal F _B can be surely removed by the filter processing because it is constituted by O and has the same frequency, the data extraction from the card C side should be performed without interference. You can

Moreover, since the frequencies of the main carrier waves of the adjacent main bodies G ₁ , G _2, ... Are the same, the main bodies G ₁ , G _{2 ,} .
There is no need to adjust the frequency for each, and there is the feature that the main bodies G ₁ and G ₂ can be easily relocated.

[0034]

The non-contact type automatic ticket gate according to the present invention is set to have the same frequency as the main carrier wave generated from the carrier wave generation circuit of the transmitter provided in the other main body adjacent to the main body. Main carrier generating means for generating a main carrier, transmission signal generating means for modulating the generated main carrier using data to be sent to the card side to generate a transmission signal, and the generated transmission signal The transmitting means for transmitting to the card side, and the main carrier phase-modulated by a signal obtained by modulating a subcarrier having a frequency sufficiently lower than the main carrier frequency with the data to be sent to the main body of the non-contact automatic ticket gate. Receiving means for receiving the reflected signal of the carrier wave, and beat signal generation based on the frequency difference between the main carrier wave related to the main body and the main carrier wave related to the adjacent main body from the received signal. , And filter means for removing the harmonic component contained in the main carrier associated with the main body, and demodulating the received signal from which the beat signal component and the harmonic component have been removed, and extracting the data from the card side. Since the transmitter is composed of the data extracting means, it is possible to control the generation of the beat signal and prevent the reception failure.

When the main carrier wave generating means is a dielectric resonator oscillator phase-locked to a high stability crystal oscillator,
The generation of beat signals can be further suppressed. When the modulation processing of the transmission signal generating means is amplitude modulation processing, the modulation processing can be easily performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view when a large number of main bodies are arranged side by side.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main body.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a main body and a card.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a connection state of a transmitter.

[Explanation of symbols]

G _{1 to} G _n Main body of non-contact automatic ticket gate (main body) a Antenna 6 Controller C card 20a Reception antenna 20b Reflection antenna 21 Reception unit 22 CPU 23 Phase modulation unit T ₁ , T ₂ ... Transmitter 30 Carrier wave Generation circuit 31 AM modulation circuit 32 Transmission circuit 33 Circulator 40 Reception circuit 40b Bandpass filter 41 Demodulation circuit F ₀ Main carrier F ₁ Transmission signal F ₂ Reflection signal F _B Beat signal f Sub-carrier

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 6, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0030

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Of these, the bandpass filter 40b is determined so as to be able to remove the beat signal F _B component and the harmonic components. The beat signal F _B frequency when the frequency of the main carrier F _{0 and the} like is set to the above value is about 10 KHz, and the frequency band of the signal from the card C to be extracted by the transmitter T ₁ is about 1 MHz. Therefore, it is possible to easily pass only the 1 MHz band including the component of the data d from the card C as the filter characteristic of the band filter 40 b . The bandpass filter 4
0 b can also be a combination of low-pass and high-pass filters.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kenichi Konno 4-72 Miyagaya Tower, Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture Antenna Giken Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A non-contact automatic ticket gate for automatically transferring data by wirelessly transmitting and receiving data between a wireless transmitter provided in a main body of the contactless automatic ticket gate and a card. Is set to be the same as the frequency of the main carrier wave generated from the carrier wave generation circuit of the transmitter provided in the main body of another non-contact type automatic ticket gate adjacent to the main body of the non-contact automatic ticket gate. A main carrier generating means for generating a main carrier, a transmission signal generating means for modulating the generated main carrier with data to be sent to the card side to generate a transmission signal, and the generated transmission signal Transmitting means for transmitting to the card side, and a subcarrier having a frequency sufficiently lower than the frequency of the main carrier is modulated by data to be sent to the main body of the non-contact automatic ticket gate. Receiving means for receiving a reflected signal of the main carrier phase-modulated by a signal, a main carrier relating to the main body of the non-contact type automatic ticket gate from the received signal, and the adjacent non-contact automatic ticket gate Filter means for removing the beat signal component based on the frequency difference from the main carrier of the main body and the harmonic component contained in the main carrier of the main body of the non-contact automatic ticket gate, and the beat signal component and the harmonic A non-contact type automatic ticket gate, comprising: data extraction means for demodulating a received signal from which components have been removed to extract data from the card side. 2. The non-contact type automatic ticket gate according to claim 1, wherein the main carrier wave generating means comprises a dielectric resonator oscillator phase-locked to a high stability crystal oscillator. 3. The non-contact type automatic ticket gate according to claim 1, wherein the modulation processing of the transmission signal generating means is amplitude modulation processing.