JPH0893393A - Lining segment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] A conventional trapezoidal segment that has been further developed so that the moment of the joint surface between pieces can be sufficiently transmitted and the angle of the acute angle portion can be set large enough not to cause damage. Provide engineering segment. [Structure] One of the two parallel sides in the width direction of the segment body is a long arc side and the other end is a short arc side. Both ends in the circumferential direction extend from both ends of the long arc side to the middle of the short arc side, and a pair of first rising sides. And a pair of substantially parallel step sides with a certain distance toward the center side substantially parallel to the long arc side and the short arc side from the tips of both the first rising sides, and a short arc side from the center side tip of the substantially parallel step sides. A pair of second rising edges that reach the outside is formed into a substantially convex shape, and this segment main body has a predetermined width by combining multiple pieces with the long arc side and the short arc side turned alternately. And a diameter that can form a lining ring.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lining segment used for tunnel excavation and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a lining segment has a shape in which a completed lining ring is divided into a plurality of arcuate bodies,
Usually, the lining ring has a rectangular arc surface shape (hereinafter referred to as a rectangular segment) obtained by dividing the lining ring into several pieces in the vertical direction (tunnel axis direction).

Recently, instead of the above rectangular segment,
One of the two parallel sides in the width direction is a long arc side and the other end is a short arc side, and both ends in the circumferential direction are trapezoidal arc surface shapes in which the intervals are gradually reduced from both ends of the long arc side toward the short arc side. A segment (hereinafter referred to as a trapezoidal segment) is also proposed (for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-60696, JP-A-3-24789).
8, JP-B-5-45677, JP-A-4-213696, etc.).

Incidentally, conventionally, when designing the segment, the rigidity of the segment ring is improved to cope with the cross-sectional force and the deformation generated by the external pressure. With a multi-hinge structure, the rigidity of the segment ring is reduced and the surrounding ground springs are positively utilized. That is, two methods have been adopted, but on soft ground or general sand ground where large ground springs cannot be expected, the segment ring will be greatly deformed, causing water leakage, cracks, etc. In Japan, which cannot be adopted and has a lot of soft ground or general earth and sand ground, the method is basically adopted.

In Japan, which employs the above method, it is an indispensable condition that the square segments are staggered in order to compensate for the decrease in rigidity due to the presence of the joint. Even if the square segment rings are staggered, they are more likely to be deformed due to the existence of joints than the rings without joints.Therefore, the modified conventional calculation method takes this point into consideration when considering the bending rigidity of the segment segment ring. Uniform ring with lower rigidity than EI (bending rigidity ηEI,
It is assumed that η <= 1) and the sectional force is calculated according to the conventional conventional calculation method. This η is called the effective rate of bending rigidity.

Further, since the piece-to-piece joint (joint connecting the segment main body and the adjacent segment main body) has a lower bending rigidity than the portion other than one joint portion, all bending moments are transmitted through the piece-to-piece joint. Rather, part of it is transferred to the adjacent segment by the shear resistance of the inter-ring joint (the joint that connects the ring assembled from the segment body and the adjacent ring). For this reason,
Of the cross-sectional force obtained by considering a ring with uniform bending stiffness ηEI, only the bending moment is increased (1 + ζ)
We think that it is rational to apply it to the design of the main girder by combining it with M and the axial force N at that position. In addition, ζ is a ratio of the bending moment transmitted to the adjacent segment and the bending moment calculated as the uniform rigidity ring, and is called a premium rate of the bending moment. In this case, the bending moment acting on the general part of the adjacent segment is M + M2 = (1+
ζ) M, the bending moment acting on the piece-to-piece joint is M ₁
= (1-ζ) M.

In the above, M is: segment width b calculated as a uniform rigidity ring
Bending moment per unit: M ₁ is a bending moment per segment width b that acts on the piece-to-piece joint surface. M ₂ is a bending moment per segment width b that is transmitted to the adjacent segment via the ring-to-ring joint in the piece-to-piece joint cross section. Is. And these have the relation of the following "Table 1".

[0008]

[Table 1]

[0009]

Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional method for designing the sectional force of the segment ring by the rectangular segment reduces the rigidity of the piece-to-piece joint by the zigzag combination, and the segment ring is formed as a ring having a uniform bending rigidity. Since it is handled, if the segment width is extremely wide,
Since the deformation of the joint between pieces cannot be compensated by the adjacent segment, there is a limit to the application, and there is a problem that the segment width has to be set narrowly.

In contrast to the above, the conventional trapezoidal segment is
Since the joint surface between the pieces has an inclination, they are joined with a circumferential length with respect to the bending moment, and even if the joint bending rigidity is low, a certain bending moment can be transmitted with shear rigidity. However, although this trapezoidal segment obtained the same results as the rectangular segment in the performance test results, if the inclination of the joint surface between the pieces (inclination with respect to the tunnel axis) is small, transmission of bending moment at this part is sufficient. Without
As a result of experiments, it was confirmed as a result of the experiment that when the inclination is increased, an acute angle portion is generated at both corners of the base of the trapezoidal segment, and the acute angle portion is easily damaged.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and further develops the conventional trapezoidal segment so that the moment of the joint surface between the pieces can be sufficiently transmitted, and
The aim is to provide a lining segment that has a wide width and is effective in speeding up construction and making it economical by unifying the segment structure by making the angle of the acute angle large enough not to cause damage. It is what

[0012]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the lining ring has a shape in which a lining ring is divided into a plurality of arcuate bodies. In the lining segment to be made, one of the parallel sides in the width direction of the segment body 10 is a long arc side 11 and the other end is a short arc side 12, and both ends in the circumferential direction are from the both ends of the long arc side 11 to the short arc side 12. A pair of first rising edges 1 reaching the middle
3, 13 and a long arc side 11 from the tips of both first rising sides 13
And a pair of substantially parallel stepped sides 14, 14 having a constant distance toward the center side substantially parallel to the short arc side 12, and the substantially parallel stepped side 14,
A pair of second rising sides 15 and 15 reaching the short arc side 12 from the tip of the center side of 14 forms a substantially convex appearance, and the segment body 10 has a long arc side 11 side and a short arc side 12 side. By taking a technical measure in which the lining ring having a predetermined width and diameter can be formed by alternately changing the directions and combining a plurality of them.

Further, according to the invention of claim 2, in a lining segment having a shape in which a lining ring is divided into a plurality of arcuate bodies, one of the parallel sides of the segment body 10 in the width direction is a long arc side 11. The other end is a short arc side 12, and both ends in the circumferential direction are gradually narrowed from both ends of the long arc side 11 toward the short arc side 12, and the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12 are gradually reduced.
A pair of first rising sides 13, 13 reaching the middle of, and a long arc side 11 and a short arc side 12 from the tips of both the first rising sides 13.
A pair of substantially parallel step sides 14 and 14 having a constant distance toward the center side substantially in parallel with the pair, and a pair of first parallel step sides 14 and 14 having a pair of first and second intervals which are gradually narrowed toward the short arc side 12 from the ends on the center side. The two main rising sides 15 and 15 are formed into a substantially convex shape in appearance, and the segment main body 10 is formed by combining a plurality of segments with the long arc side 11 side and the short arc side 12 side alternately turned. The technical measures have been taken so that the lining ring having the width and the diameter can be formed.

Further, in the invention of "claim 3", in the lining segment in which the lining ring is divided into a plurality of arcuate bodies, both ends in the circumferential direction of the segment body 10 are shorter than both ends of the long arc side 11. A pair of first rising sides 13 and 13 reaching the centers of the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12 with the distance gradually decreasing toward the arc side 12, and the long arc side 11 from the tips of both the first rising sides 13 and A pair of substantially parallel stepped sides 14 and 14 that are parallel to the short arc side 12 and extend toward the center side at a constant distance;
A short arc side 1 from the center-side tip of the substantially parallel step sides 14, 14.
The segment main body 10 has a pair of second rising sides 15 and 15 whose intervals are gradually reduced toward 2 and has a substantially convex appearance, and the segment body 10 has long arc side 11 sides and short arc side 12 sides alternately. The size is such that a lining ring having a predetermined width and diameter can be formed by changing the direction and combining a plurality of them, and the first rising sides 13, 13 and the parallel step sides 14, 14 and the second rising sides 15, 15 are formed. Inter-piece joint 2 at the center of each
0, 20, 20, ... Further, in the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12, one end of the long arc side 11 of the next lining ring has a value at the center of the short arc side 12. The technical means is provided by providing the inter-ring joints 21, 21, 21 ... At the positions where the rings are connected.

[0015]

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. Prior to the explanation of the operation of the present invention, the conventional rectangular segment can compensate the deformation of the piece-to-piece joint by the adjacent segment by assembling the adjacent segments, and the staggered set effect can be obtained. The use segment will exhibit this effect with one ring. In other words, the segment main bodies 10 that are turned around in sequence and are adjacent to each other transmit bending moments to each other.

Further, when the lining segment of the present invention is assembled into a ring, the lining segment is formed in a substantially convex shape, and the segment main body 10 alternates between the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12 side. Since the lining ring having a predetermined width and a predetermined diameter can be formed by combining a plurality of pieces with their directions reversed, the predetermined width is defined as b, and the width is b / 2.
Comparing with the case of assembling two sets of the square segments of the above, the latter exhibits an action equivalent to the state where the rigidity of the ring-to-ring joint of the square segment having the width of b / 2 is infinite.

If the above operation is to be understood conversely, the lining segment of the present invention can obtain the zigzag set effect in which the width of the conventional rectangular segment is 1/2 or less, and the rigidity of the piece-to-piece joint is reduced, and the segment is reduced accordingly. It acts to allow doubling of the width, and even if the segment width is doubled to the conventional one, it acts so as to obtain the same staggered set effect as the conventional one.

Further, in the conventional trapezoidal segment, the rigidity of the piece-to-piece joint is supplemented by the inclined surface, but in the case of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, it is firmly joined at the distance L between the bolts A and B. Then, by setting the distance L to be sufficiently large, the bending moment transmitted by the piece-to-piece joint can be set high. In order to realize this with a conventional trapezoidal segment, a trapezoid having an inclined surface indicated by a broken line R1 in the figure must be prepared. However, if the inclination angle is reduced to obtain this inclined surface, the angle Θ1 becomes an acute angle, Although stress concentration occurs at this acute angle portion and it becomes difficult to secure the strength, the convex shaped present invention acts to secure the distance L without forming the acute angle portion.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure, 10 is a segment main body which constitutes the main part of the present invention.

Although the segment main body 10 is assumed to be made of precast concrete in this embodiment,
Of course, there is no problem even if it is made of other conventionally known materials.

The segment main body 10 has two parallel sides in the width direction, one of which is a long arc side 11 and the other end of which is a short arc side 12, and both ends in the circumferential direction are from both ends of the long arc side 11 to the short arc side 12. A pair of first rising edges 13,1 reaching the middle of
3, a pair of substantially parallel step sides 14, 14 having a constant distance from the tips of both first rising sides 13 toward the center side substantially parallel to the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12, and the substantially parallel step sides 14, A pair of second rising sides 15 and 15 reaching the short arc side 12 from the tip of the center side of 14 form a convex shape in appearance.

The first rising edges 13 and 13 and the second rising edge 1
5 and 15 may be perpendicular to the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12, respectively, but in the illustrated embodiment and the invention of "Claim 2", the intervals are gradually increased toward the short arc side 12. Is narrowed down.

That is, according to the invention of "Claim 2", one of the parallel sides of the segment body 10 in the width direction is a long arc side 1
1, the other end is a short arc side 12, and both ends in the circumferential direction are gradually narrowed from both ends of the long arc side 11 toward the short arc side 12 and reach the middle of the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12. First rising edges 13, 13 and both first rising edges 13
A pair of substantially parallel step sides 14 and 14 having a constant distance from the tip of the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12 toward the center side substantially in parallel.
And a pair of second rising sides 15 and 15 whose intervals are gradually narrowed toward the short arc side 12 from the tips on the center side of the substantially parallel step sides 14 and 14 to form a substantially convex shape.

As described above, if the first rising edges 13 and 13 and the second rising edges 15 and 15 are arranged so that the distance between them gradually decreases toward the short arc side 12, the assembling work becomes efficient. In parallel with the promotion of the shield machine and the assembly of the segments, which has already been carried out in the past, between the two segments already assembled on the vertical shaft side with the short arc side 12 facing the cutting face, Since the short arc side 12 is inserted first (toward the vertical shaft side) and another segment is inserted from the face side, this fitting operation becomes easy.

Further, the above-mentioned substantially parallel step sides 14 and 14 are usually parallel to the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12 as shown in the drawing, but they are not always required to be parallel, and the center side It is substantially the same even if it is inclined so as to move away from the long arc side 11 toward the short arc side 12 toward the short arc side 12.

In the present invention, the segment body 10 described above is used.
Has a size capable of forming a lining ring having a predetermined width and diameter by alternately combining the long arc side 11 side and the short arc side 12 side and changing the direction.

That is, like the conventional trapezoidal segment, the segment body 10 is formed in a shape in which the lining ring to be formed is divided into a plurality of pieces. In particular, the segment body 10 is divided into even number pieces. As for the shape, the segment main body 10 may have a single shape, like the conventional trapezoidal segment. In the illustrated embodiment, the six-segment system is adopted (two-division is actually difficult in terms of carrying-in and the like, but three-division or more is sufficient), and six segment bodies 1 are used.
By combining 0, one lining ring can be constructed.

Incidentally, the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 1 described above.
In the illustrated example, the relationship of 2 is that the long arc side 11 is approximately twice as long as the short arc side 12, but it may be changed appropriately within a range satisfying the condition of the shape in which the lining ring is divided into a plurality of pieces. Of course it is good.

The lengths of the first rising sides 13 and 13 and the second rising sides 15 and 15 are the same in order to satisfy the condition of the shape for dividing the lining ring into a plurality of parts. Becomes

The length of the parallel step sides 14 and 14 is
In the illustrated example, the length is approximately 1/4 of the long arc side 11 and approximately 1/2 of the short arc side 12, but this is also a range satisfying the condition of the shape in which the lining ring is divided into a plurality of pieces as in the above. Can be set appropriately. Note that the distance (length) is set to be large so that the distance L in FIG.
Can be set to a large value.

Next, in addition to the above construction, the invention of "claim 3" is such that the first rising edges 13 and 13 and the parallel step edges 14 and 14 are provided.
.. are provided at the respective central portions of the second rising sides 15 and 15, and the piece-to-piece joints 20, 20, 20 ...

That is, the piece-to-piece joint 2 is placed at the above position.
By providing 0, 20, 20, ..., In the same ring, the convex narrow surface portion of the segment body 10 (first rising side 1
3, 13 and parallel step sides 14, 14 and second rising sides 15, 15
Each surface part of and) behaves as a unit.

Further, the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12 are
And the ring joints 21, 21, 21 ... Are provided at the positions where one end of the long arc side 11 of the next lining ring coincides with the center of the short arc side 12 and is ring-connected.

As described above, the inter-ring joints 21, 21, 2,
The position of 1 ... is set to realize a zigzag set, and in the present invention, a dimensional difference is provided between the long arc side 11 and the short arc side 12, so that the zigzag set is not necessarily formed. There is no need, and even if the rings are connected in the same pattern, the piece-to-piece joints do not lie in a straight line, so the staggered set effect can be obtained. Furthermore, the piece-to-piece joints are most straightforward as shown in Fig. 4. By shifting from the line, the staggered set effect is obtained. As is apparent from the development view of "FIG. 4", there are two inter-piece joints at all of the arrows X, X, X ... In one continuous pattern, which can be handled as a more uniform ring.

The piece joint 20 and the ring joint 2
Although the screw joint is used in this embodiment, it is needless to say that other conventionally known various joints may be used.
Moreover, 30 in "FIG. 3" shows the notch for fastening the bolt of the joint.

[0036]

As described above, the present invention can double the segment width as compared with the conventional rectangular segment. Since the load on the piece-to-piece joint is smaller than that of the conventional rectangular segment, the performance of the piece-to-piece joint can be reduced. By increasing the segment width, the number of ring-to-ring joints can be reduced. Which has the effect of increasing the efficiency of segment assembly,
It is possible to provide a lining segment that can simplify the automatic assembly mechanism, shorten the construction period, and reduce the construction cost.

Further, according to the present invention, since the segment main body has a size in which the lining ring is divided into an even number, only one kind of the segment ring is required, which makes the segment manufacturing economical and promotes the shield tunnel machine. It is possible to provide a lining segment that enables high-speed construction in parallel with segment assembly.

Furthermore, the present invention has a convex shape,
It is possible to provide a lining segment that can set a large fixed distance of the piece-to-piece joint without increasing an acute angle portion where stress concentrates and can enhance the rigidity of the piece-to-piece joint.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a segment ring assembled with a lining segment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the segment ring.

FIG. 3 is an external view of the segment ring.

FIG. 4 is a development view of the segment ring.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of “FIG. 4”.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating transmission of bending moments in a zigzag set in a rectangular segment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 segment main body 11 long arc side 12 short arc side 13 first rising side 14 substantially parallel step side 15 second rising side 20 piece joint 21 ring joint

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a lining segment having a shape in which a lining ring is divided into a plurality of arcuate bodies, one of two parallel sides in the width direction of the segment body (10) is a long arc side (11) and the other end is short. There is no arc side (12), and both ends in the circumferential direction are from the both ends of the long arc side (11) to the short arc side (12).
A pair of first rising edges (13, 13) reaching the middle of
A pair of substantially parallel step sides (14, 14) having a constant distance from the tips of the first rising sides (13) to the center side in a direction substantially parallel to the long arc side (11) and the short arc side (12). The pair of second rising sides (15, 15) reaching the short arc side (12) from the center side tip of the parallel step sides (14, 14) is formed into a substantially convex appearance, and the segment body (10) is For lining that has a size capable of forming a lining ring having a predetermined width and diameter by alternately combining the long arc side (11) side and the short arc side (12) side in different directions. segment. 2. In a lining segment having a shape in which a lining ring is divided into a plurality of arcuate bodies, one of two parallel sides of the segment body (10) in the width direction is a long arc side (11) and the other end is a short arc. The sides are defined as sides (12), and both ends in the circumferential direction are gradually narrowed from both ends of the long arc side (11) toward the short arc side (12).
And a pair of first rising sides (13, 13) reaching the middle of the short arc side (12), and a long arc side (11) and a short arc side (12) from the tips of both the first rising sides (13). A pair of substantially parallel step sides (14, 14) with a constant distance parallel to the center side
And a pair of second rising sides (15, 15) that are gradually narrowed toward the short arc side (12) from the center-side tip of the substantially parallel step sides (14, 14) to make a substantially convex appearance. The segment main body (10) comprises a lining ring having a predetermined width and diameter by alternately combining the long arc side (11) side and the short arc side (12) side and combining a plurality of them. A lining segment with a size that can be formed. 3. A lining segment having a shape in which a lining ring is divided into a plurality of arcuate bodies, wherein both ends in the circumferential direction of the segment body (10) are long arc sides (1
1) From the both ends to the short arc side (12), the intervals are gradually narrowed to form a long arc side (11) and a short arc side (12).
A pair of first rising sides (13, 13) reaching the center of the first constant rising edge and a constant distance from the tips of the first rising sides (13) toward the center side substantially parallel to the long arc side (11) and the short arc side (12). A pair of substantially parallel step sides (14, 14) of the distance and the substantially parallel step sides (1
4, 14) from the tip of the center side toward the short arc side (12), the pair of second rising sides (1
5, 15), and the segment main body (10) is formed by assembling a plurality of segment main bodies (10) with the long arc side (11) side and the short arc side (12) side alternately alternating. The size is such that a lining ring having a predetermined width and diameter can be formed by combining them, and the first rising edge (13, 13) and the parallel step edge (14, 1)
4) and the second rising side (15, 15) are provided with piece-to-piece joints (20, 20, 20, ...) At their respective central portions, and further, a long arc side (11) and a short arc side (12). And
A cover provided with inter-ring joints (21, 21, 21 ...) at a position where one end of the long arc side (11) of the next lining ring is aligned with the center of the short arc side (12) and is ring-connected. Industrial segment.