JPH0893394A - Device for pneumatically conveying and spraying wet adhesive materials - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To effectively carry out air transportation and injection of wet concrete having a high W / C ratio in an apparatus for air transportation and injection of a wet adhesive material. [Structure] A through rotor 9 having a non-adhesive chamber 15,
Floating single point elastic clamp device 8 and elastic soft elbow 24
And are used to induce low pressure, low speed, and swirling air flow transport. This solves problems such as sticking blockage of the equipment, easy wear, leakage in the sealing plate during shotcreech work, improving the transport condition and injection effect of wet concrete, reducing dust and rebound, and placing concrete. The quality of the layers is improved and raw materials are saved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for pneumatically conveying and jetting wet tacky material. In particular, the invention relates to a construction device for the spraying of support linings in rock and ground works.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The Shotcrete Anchor Bolt Support System (NATM) is one of the advanced construction techniques for rock and ground construction, as a method of mining, railway and road tunnels, hydropower plant construction, deep foundation construction, Widely used for subway, underground construction and city construction.
At present, what is generally used inside and outside is a rotor-type spraying device, which can be divided into two types: a U-shaped material chamber rotor and a through-type material chamber rotor. These devices have the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and maintenance, low cost, and wide application range. However, these devices are mostly used to deliver dry mixes or wet materials with low water content. When these devices are used to convey a mixture with a high water content, the material becomes sticky, which causes adhesion and blockage in the material chamber of the rotor and the outlet elbow, and adhesion and blockage in the transfer hose. Obstacles and problems often occur, such as pulsation, separation, etc., so that due to the dry injection, the concrete mixture is not mixed with water until it reaches the nozzle, which causes a large amount of dust to fly around the equipment and nozzle, It significantly pollutes the environment. Also, a large amount of bounce causes waste of raw materials,
Makes the strength of the spray layer unstable.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotor type pneumatic spraying device which solves the problems existing in the dry and wet types. The present invention can be carried out in a wet type, a semi-wet type, and a dry type.
The problems of sticking, blocking, pulsating and separating wet concrete in the material chamber of the rotor, outlet elbow and transfer hose are fundamentally solved, the transfer and injection conditions are improved, the stoppage is eliminated, the dust is reduced and the rebound is And the quality of the concrete pouring layer is improved. At the same time, the present invention relates to the air of powder and granular sticky materials, such as for the long-distance transportation of mortar, concrete mixtures, sand, glisters, coal, cereals, feed and chemicals in mines, ports, plants and civil engineering. It may be used for transportation.

[0004]

The features of the present invention are as follows.

1. This device is a combination of a motor, a speed reducer, a material hopper, a stirring paddle, a rotor assembly, a floating single point elastic clamp mechanism, an outlet elbow, a vortex generator, an air introduction pipe system, a material transfer hose and a nozzle. The rotor is a penetrating non-stick rotor, mounted above the substrate, below the hopper and stirring paddle,
A floating single point elastic clamp mechanism automatically clamps the entire rotor assembly up to the bottom of the hopper located on the substrate. The outlet elbow is a self-cleaning and non-sticky elbow, and a swirl generator for generating a swirling air flow is combined with the elbow, and a transfer hose is connected to an end of the swirl generator.

2. The through-type non-adhesive rotor has a cylindrical non-adhesive bush attached to each material chamber, and this bush is made of engineering plastic or special rubber to seal both ends of this bush. O-rings are used in this case, and this bush is clamped and fixed by the upper and lower rotor disks.

3. The floating single-point elastic clamp mechanism is supported on the substrate by tension screw bolts and rolling frame supports, one end of the rolling frame is connected to the tension screw bolts by rubber spring, and one end is rolling by universal joint. Coupled to a moving frame support, also 2
It is connected to both sides of the bottom of the hopper through one pin. By adjusting the elastic tension screw bolts, pressure is transmitted to the bottom of the hopper through the rolling frame, thus clamping the entire rotor assembly including the rubber sealing plate at both ends, acting on the rubber sealing plate and rotor disc. The pressure applied is automatically adjusted as the point of maximum stress moves during rotation of the rotor, which allows the pressure at each position on the sealing plate to be adjusted properly and, when worn, the deformation and deformation of the rubber spring. It is automatically compensated by expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder to maintain a constant clamping force.

4. The vortex generator includes an air introducing chamber, a ring having a plurality of vortex generating air-conducting grooves on the outer peripheral wall and having a constant angle inclined in the axial and tangential directions with respect to the axis of the pipe, a conical sleeve joint, etc. When the compressed air enters the pipe through the inclined passage between the swirl-generating air conduction groove and the conical sleeve joint, the swirl generator swirls as it advances (multi-swirling air). Flow) vortex forming a field of air flow, the conical sleeve joint is a non-water-absorbing, non-adhesive, wear-resistant polymeric material, which enables air transfer of wet adhesive material and at the same time vortex generation The device is combined with an outlet elbow having a soft or non-stick plastic or rubber soft elbow inside to direct a small air flow to the back side of the soft elbow. This vibrates and blows off, preventing material buildup and adhesion.

The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art.

[0010] 1. The present invention is a main part of a spraying device,
That is, the problems of sticking and blockage in the rotor material chamber, outlet elbow and transfer hose are solved. The invention can be used for wet concrete with a high water content (maximum W / C = 0.45), in which the reliability of the operation of the device is guaranteed, there are few failures and maintenance work and maintenance costs are low.

2. According to the present invention, loose flow floating conveyance is realized, material accumulation is eliminated, pulsation separation in wet operation is eliminated, spraying is performed uniformly and stably, dust and rebound are reduced, and raw material is reduced. It saves money, improves the quality of shotcrete and speeds up construction.

3. According to the present invention, the sealing effect of the device is improved, and the service life of the portion that is easily worn is extended. It is easy and convenient to operate and maintain, the dust near the equipment is reduced, and the working environment is improved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which a motor 1 drives a material non-adhesive rotor 9 through a speed reducer 2 to rotate an agitating paddle 4 and a material hopper 5 inside a material hopper 5. The mixture is agitated and the agitated mixture is fed into the rotor material chamber 15 having the material non-stick bush 16. Rotor 9
The plurality of cylindrical rotor material chambers 15 provided in the above are arranged in parallel in a ring shape around the rotor axis line, and further extend in the axial direction and penetrate in the coaxial line direction. A rotor disk 10 having a plurality of holes in the same arrangement as the rotor material chamber 15 is fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor 9. Upper rotor disk 1
An upper sealing plate (not shown) and a lower sealing plate 11 are in contact with the upper surface of 0 and the lower surface of the lower rotor disk 10, respectively. The upper sealing plate is in contact with the flat bottom surface of the hopper bottom portion 6 via an upper gasket (not shown), and the lower sealing plate 11 is arranged on the substrate 29 via a lower gasket (not shown). ing. Although this board is integrally provided on the top surface of the housing of the reduction gear transmission 2, the top surface of the housing may be used as the board, or the board may be provided on another portion of the base. The rotor 9, the upper and lower rotor disks 10, the upper and lower sealing plates 11, the upper and lower gaskets, and the hopper bottom 6 are integrated to form a rotor assembly. The rotation by the motor 1 is transmitted to the rotor 9 via the reduction gear 2 and further to the stirring paddle 4 in the hopper bottom portion 6. In that case, the upper and lower rotor disks 10 rotating with the rotor 9 slide against the upper and lower sealing plates 11, respectively.

The materials agitated and mixed in the hopper 5 pass through the sector-shaped holes provided at the bottom of the hopper and the sector-shaped holes of the same shape provided corresponding to the upper gasket and the upper sealing plate, to the respective material chambers of the rotor 9. It enters into 15 one after another. The mixture in each material chamber 15 is sent to each of the lower sealing plate 11 and the lower gasket when the material chambers 15 are aligned with the mutually communicating outlets provided in the lower sealing plate 11 and the lower gasket. . Thus, the mixture moves to the outlet as the rotor rotates. Compressed air is introduced through the upper air pipe 7 of the air introduction pipe system 3 and blows the mixture in the rotor material chamber 15 into the outlet elbow 12. At the same time, compressed air is introduced from the lower air pipe 13, and a swirl air flow is generated by the swirl generator 14, and this swirl air flow conveys the mixture to the transport pipe. The mixture is conveyed to a nozzle provided at the tip of the transport pipe and jetted from this nozzle.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the material non-adhesive bush 16 is attached to the material chamber 15 of the material non-adhesive rotor 9. This bush is made of a polymer compound material such as engineering plastics or a self-lubricating material, or powder metallurgy. This bush has high wear resistance, a low coefficient of friction, is non-adhesive to concrete, is non-water absorbent, is self-lubricating, and has a low affinity. At the same time, the cylindrical shape with the through type and smooth inner wall allows the active jet action of the air flow to be fully utilized, greatly reducing the possibility of sticking and blockage in the material chamber of the rotor. . Both ends of the material non-stick bush 16 are clamped and fixed by the rotor disk 10, and
It is sealed by a ring 17.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the floating single-point elastic clamp mechanism 8 comprises a rolling frame support 22, a rolling frame 20, a tension screw bolt 18 or a hydraulic cylinder. The rolling frame support 22 and the tension screw bolts 18 are fixed to a base plate 29 formed on the top of the housing of the speed reducer 2, and the rolling frame is supported by a universal joint 23.
2 and is connected by two pins 21 to two joints emerging from the bottom 6 of the hopper.
Below the bottom of the hopper 6 is a rubber sealing plate 1
1 is attached. A tension screw bolt 18 compressing a rubber spring 19 pulls the hopper bottom 6 against the rolling frame 20 and elastically clamps the entire rotor assembly mounted on top of the reduction gear 2. ing. The hopper bottom 6 is free to float along the A-axis and the B-axis to bring the upper and lower rubber seal plates 11 into close contact with the rotor disk 10. This closeness is automatically adjusted as the rotor rotates, balancing the maximum pressure points that move back and forth. This moderates the pressure at each point on the sealing joint surface, improves the sealing effect of the device, and reduces the wear on the wear-prone parts. When the rubber sealing plate 11 is worn, it is automatically compensated by the deformation of the rubber spring 19 and the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder to maintain a constant clamp.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the outlet elbow 12
Is attached to the lower portion of the outlet of the rotor, and has a soft elbow 24 therein. The soft elbow is made of wear-resistant rubber or non-sticky, self-lubricating engineering plastics having a certain elasticity. A slight gap is provided between the outlet elbow 12 and the soft elbow 24 during assembly, and the cleaning air nozzle 26
The soft elbow vibrates slightly due to the action of compressed air introduced from the self-cleaning unit. This compressed air is also blown to the deposit mixture downstream of the soft elbow 24.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the vortex generator 14 is fixed to the tail portion of the outlet elbow 12. This vortex flow generating device includes an air introducing chamber 25, a ring having a plurality of vortex generating air conducting grooves 28 on the outer wall which are inclined at a constant angle in the axial direction and the tangential direction, a conical sleeve joint 27, and the like. Made of. When the compressed air passes between the swirl generating air conduction groove 28 and the conical sleeve joint 27, it forms a field of a swirling air flow (a large amount of spiral air flow),
The kneading concrete is swirled, floated, accelerated, moved forward, and the large material group is separated and divided, and the air and the material are uniformly mixed. By lowering the pressure in the center of the spiral, the material is moved to the center of the transport pipe,
This creates a thin air cushion between the material and the wall of the transport tube, which prevents sticking and separation and reduces transport resistance. The strength of the vortex flow action is determined by the inclination angle, the cross-sectional area of the vortex flow generating air communication groove 28, and the air pressure. Conical sleeve joint 27
Is made of a non-adhesive, non-water-absorbing, abrasion-resistant ultra-high molecular weight material, and is advantageous for accelerated transportation of materials. The tail of this conical sleeve is connected to the transfer hose by a fast coupling or flange.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a rotor type spray concrete apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a through rotor having a chamber made of non-stick material.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a floating single point elastic clamp mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a rolling frame and its support.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the outlet elbow and the vortex flow generator.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a member having a conduction groove for eddy current generation air.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Motor 2 ... Speed reducer 3 ... Air introduction pipe system 4 ... Stirring paddle 5 ... Material hopper 6 ... Hopper bottom 7 ... Upper air pipe 8 ... Elastic clamp mechanism 9 ... Material non-adhesive Rotor 10 ... Rotor disk 11 ... Rubber sealing plate 12 ... Exit elbow 13 ... Lower air pipe 14 ... Eddy current generator 15 ... Rotor material chamber 16 ... Material non-adhesive bush 17 ... O Ring 18 Elastic tension screw 19 Rubber spring 20 Rolling frame 21 Pin 22 Rolling frame support 23 Universal joint 24 Soft elbow 25 Air inlet chamber 26 Cleaning air nozzle 27 Cone sleeve joint 28. Eddy current generating air conduction groove 29. Substrate

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A motor assembly, a speed reducer, a hopper, a rotor assembly having a hopper bottom and a penetrating non-stick rotor (9), an outlet elbow, and a transfer hose, said rotor assembly supporting said assembly. Located between the base plate (29) and the bottom of the hopper (6), a floating single point elastic clamp mechanism (8) drives the rotor assembly between the base plate (29) and the bottom of the hopper (6). Fully and automatically clamped, the outlet elbow is a self-cleaning and non-stick elbow (12) connected to the material outlet below the rotor assembly, to which swirl air Device for pneumatic conveying and jetting of wet sticky material, characterized in that a swirl generator (14) for generating a flow is combined, said conveying hose being connected to the end of the swirl generator. 2. Non-adhesive bushes (16) are provided in each material chamber of the rotor assembly (9), and these bushes are
Manufactured from non-stick, non-water-absorbing, self-lubricating and low-friction wear-resistant materials such as engineering plastics, plastic-rubber compounds or powder metallurgy, and seal both ends of this bush. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that an O-ring (17) is used for this purpose, which bush is clamped and fixed by the upper and lower rotor discs (10). 3. A floating single point elastic clamp mechanism (8) comprises:
A tension screw bolt (18), a rolling frame (20),
The rolling frame support (22), etc.
The tension screw bolt (18) attached to 9) is
It has a screw and a rubber spring (19) or a hydraulic cylinder as an urging mechanism for pushing down the rolling frame (20), and one end of the rolling frame (20) is a tension screw bolt by the rubber spring (19). Combined with (18),
One end is connected to the rolling frame support (22) by a universal joint (23) and two pins (2
1) is connected to both sides of the bottom of the hopper, and by adjusting the tension screw bolts (18), the pressure is transmitted to the bottom of the hopper (6) through the rolling frame (20), and the rubber sealing plate ( The entire rotor assembly including 11) is clamped at both ends. The device according to claim 1. 4. A soft elbow (24) made of rubber or plastic is provided as a liner inside the outlet elbow (12), and the soft elbow is made of wear-resistant rubber or engineering plastics and is assembled with a certain elasticity. The soft elbow is oscillated by the action of a minute compressed air flow having a gap and introduced by a cleaning air nozzle (26) to automatically remove the adhesive material on the inner wall thereof. Equipment. 5. The vortex flow generating device (14) comprises a plurality of vortex flow generating air conduction grooves (28) having a constant angle with the air introduction chamber (25) in the axial and tangential directions with respect to the axis of the pipe. ) On the outer peripheral wall, a conical sleeve joint (27), and the like, and compressed air forms an inclined passage between the swirl generating air conduction groove (28) and the conical sleeve joint (27). When entering into the pipe through it, the vortex generator creates a field of vortex air flow that swirls as it advances (multi-swirl air flow), and the conical sleeve joint is non-water-absorbing, non-sticking and wear-resistant. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is a compliant ultra-polymeric material, which reduces the resistance to material flow.