JPH089369Y2 - Secondary air supply device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Secondary air supply device for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH089369Y2 JPH089369Y2 JP1989101205U JP10120589U JPH089369Y2 JP H089369 Y2 JPH089369 Y2 JP H089369Y2 JP 1989101205 U JP1989101205 U JP 1989101205U JP 10120589 U JP10120589 U JP 10120589U JP H089369 Y2 JPH089369 Y2 JP H089369Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- secondary air
- air supply
- suction valve
- expansion chamber
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本考案は、排気脈動を利用して排気系に二次空気を供
給する内燃機関の二次空気供給装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a secondary air supply device for an internal combustion engine that supplies secondary air to an exhaust system by utilizing exhaust pulsation.
［従来の技術］ 従来から、エンジン排気中のHC,COを排気系で酸化さ
せたり、触媒に対する流入空燃比を一定にすべく、排気
系へ二次空気を供給する技術が知られている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, there has been known a technology of supplying secondary air to an exhaust system in order to oxidize HC and CO in engine exhaust in the exhaust system or to keep an inflow air-fuel ratio to a catalyst constant.
このいわゆる二次空気供給装置のひとつに、出力損失
が少なく、コスト的にも優れているエアサクション方式
があり、例えば、特開昭58−28507号公報、特開昭58−1
70813号公報に開示されている。As one of the so-called secondary air supply devices, there is an air suction system which has a small output loss and is excellent in cost. For example, JP-A-58-28507 and JP-A-58-1.
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 70813.
［考案が解決しようとする課題］ しかしながら、これらの先行技術に開示されている二
次空気供給装置では、拡張室をエアサクションバルブ
（以下「ASV」）の下流側に設け、排気脈動の高周波成
分を減衰させて、圧力変動を大きくし、ASVの圧力変動
に対する追従性をよくしているが、上記拡張室を上記エ
アサクションバルブ室の下流側に設けたため、上記ASV
の開閉に伴う脈動音を低減することはできない。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the secondary air supply devices disclosed in these prior arts, the expansion chamber is provided on the downstream side of the air suction valve (hereinafter referred to as "ASV"), and high frequency components of exhaust pulsation are provided. To increase the pressure fluctuation and improve the followability to the pressure fluctuation of the ASV.However, since the expansion chamber is provided on the downstream side of the air suction valve chamber,
It is not possible to reduce the pulsating sound that accompanies opening and closing.
一方、拡張室をエアサクションバルブ室の上流側に設
ければASV脈動音を低減することが可能であるが、騒音
対策としては容量の大きい拡張室を必要とし艤装上問題
があるばかりでなく、脈動成分中の動圧が上記拡張室と
いう直流抵抗で低下されて二次空気供給量が減少してし
まう不都合がある。On the other hand, if the expansion chamber is provided on the upstream side of the air suction valve chamber, it is possible to reduce the ASV pulsation noise, but as a noise countermeasure, a large-capacity expansion chamber is required and not only is there a problem in fitting, There is an inconvenience that the dynamic pressure in the pulsating component is reduced by the direct current resistance of the expansion chamber and the secondary air supply amount is reduced.
本考案は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、二次空気
供給量を減少させることなく、脈動音の低減を図り、か
つ、コンパクトで艤装の容易な内燃機関の二次空気供給
装置を提供することを目的としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a secondary air supply device for an internal combustion engine that reduces pulsation noise without reducing the secondary air supply amount, and that is compact and easy to outfit. Is intended.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本考案による内燃機関の二次空気供給装置は、一端を
エアクリーナのクリーンサイドに連通し、他端を排気系
に連通する二次空気供給通路に、拡張室とエアサクショ
ンバルブ室とを介装した内燃機関の二次空気供給装置に
おいて、前記エアサクションバルブ室上流の近接した位
置に拡張室を配設し、このエアサクションバルブ室から
上流方向へ延出する二次空気導入パイプを上記拡張室内
に突出させると共に、上記拡張室から上記エアサクショ
ンバルブ室方向へ延出する二次空気吐出パイプを上記二
次空気導入パイプの外周に挿通して接続したことを特徴
とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] A secondary air supply device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention has a secondary air supply passage, one end of which communicates with a clean side of an air cleaner and the other end of which communicates with an exhaust system. In a secondary air supply device for an internal combustion engine, which is provided with an air suction valve chamber, an expansion chamber is provided at a position close to the upstream side of the air suction valve chamber, and an extension chamber is provided to extend in the upstream direction from the air suction valve chamber. The secondary air introduction pipe is projected into the expansion chamber, and a secondary air discharge pipe extending from the expansion chamber toward the air suction valve chamber is inserted and connected to the outer periphery of the secondary air introduction pipe. And
［作用］ 上記構成において、まず、内燃機関が駆動すると、排
気系に生じる排気脈動により二次空気供給通路に介装し
たエアサクションバルブ室のエアサクションバルブが開
閉し、このエアサクションバルブの開弁時にエアクリー
ナのクリーンサイドの吸気が上記二次空気供給通路を介
して排気系に導入される。[Operation] In the above configuration, when the internal combustion engine is driven, the air pulsation generated in the exhaust system causes the air suction valve in the air suction valve chamber provided in the secondary air supply passage to open and close, and the air suction valve opens. Occasionally, the intake air on the clean side of the air cleaner is introduced into the exhaust system via the secondary air supply passage.
また、上記エアサクションバルブ室に設けたエアサク
ションバルブの開閉に伴い発生する二次空気脈動成分中
の静圧、および、脈動圧が上記エアサクションバルブ室
の上流側に配設した拡張室で減衰される。Further, the static pressure in the secondary air pulsation component generated by opening and closing the air suction valve provided in the air suction valve chamber, and the pulsation pressure are damped in the expansion chamber arranged upstream of the air suction valve chamber. To be done.
［考案の実施例］ 以下、図面に基づいて本考案の実施例について説明す
る。[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図面は、本考案の一実施例を示し、第１図は二次空気
供給装置の縦断面図、第２図はエンジンの全体概略図、
第３図はアイドル回転数域における脈動音の周波数成分
を拡張室とエアサクションバルブ室との配置を変えて分
析した騒音特性図、第４図は二次空気供給量の比較を示
す線図である。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a secondary air supply device, and FIG. 2 is an overall schematic view of an engine.
FIG. 3 is a noise characteristic diagram in which the frequency components of the pulsating sound in the idle speed region are analyzed by changing the arrangement of the expansion chamber and the air suction valve chamber, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a comparison of the secondary air supply amount. is there.
図中の符号１はエンジン本体で、このエンジン本体１
の吸気ポート1aにインテークマニホルド２を介して接続
する吸気管３にエアクリーナ４が接続されている。ま
た、上記エンジン本体１の排気ポート1bにエキゾースト
マニホルド５を介して排気管６が接続され、この排気管
６の中途に触媒コンバータ７が介装されている。なお、
符号８はスロットルバルブである。Reference numeral 1 in the drawing is an engine body, and this engine body 1
An air cleaner 4 is connected to an intake pipe 3 which is connected to the intake port 1a via an intake manifold 2. An exhaust pipe 6 is connected to the exhaust port 1b of the engine body 1 via an exhaust manifold 5, and a catalytic converter 7 is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 6. In addition,
Reference numeral 8 is a throttle valve.
さらに、上記エアクリーナ４のクリーンサイド4aと、
上記排気管６の上記触媒コンバータ７の上流側とが二次
空気供給通路９を介して連通され、この二次空気供給通
路９に、樹脂を素材に成形した拡張室10と鋳造成形した
エアサクションバルブ室11とが互いに近接した位置関係
を有して介装されている。In addition, the clean side 4a of the air cleaner 4,
The exhaust pipe 6 is connected to the upstream side of the catalytic converter 7 through a secondary air supply passage 9, and the secondary air supply passage 9 is provided with an expansion chamber 10 made of a resin material and a cast air suction. The valve chamber 11 is interposed so as to have a positional relationship of being close to each other.
上記拡張室10の上流側に、上記二次空気供給通路９に
接続する二次空気導入パイプ10aが形成され、また、上
記拡張室10の下流側に、二次空気吐出パイプ10bが形成
されている。A secondary air introduction pipe 10a connected to the secondary air supply passage 9 is formed on the upstream side of the expansion chamber 10, and a secondary air discharge pipe 10b is formed on the downstream side of the expansion chamber 10. There is.
また、上記エアサクションバルブ室11から上流方向へ
上記二次空気導入パイプ11aが延出され、この二次空気
導入パイプ11aが上記拡張室10の二次空気吐出パイプ10b
内に挿通されされると共に、その先端が拡張室10内に突
出され、更に、上記二次空気導入パイプ11aと、この二
次空気導入パイプ11aの外周に挿通する上記二次空気吐
出パイプ10aとが、これらの間に介装したゴムパッキン1
2を介して接続されている。さらに、上記エアサクショ
ンバルブ室11の下流側に、上記二次空気供給通路９に接
続する二次空気吐出パイプ11bが形成されている。Further, the secondary air introduction pipe 11a extends from the air suction valve chamber 11 in the upstream direction, and the secondary air introduction pipe 11a is the secondary air discharge pipe 10b of the expansion chamber 10.
While being inserted into the inside, its tip is projected into the expansion chamber 10, further, the secondary air introduction pipe 11a, and the secondary air discharge pipe 10a inserted into the outer periphery of the secondary air introduction pipe 11a. But the rubber packing 1 interposed between them
Connected via 2. Further, a secondary air discharge pipe 11b connected to the secondary air supply passage 9 is formed on the downstream side of the air suction valve chamber 11.
また、上記エアサクションバルブ室11にリードバルブ
式のエアサクションバルブ（以下「ASV」）11cが介装さ
れている。このASV11cは上記排気管６を流れる排気ガス
の脈動で開閉するもので、この排気脈動が負圧のとき開
弁して、上記排気管６に上記エアクリーナ４から二次空
気を供給する。In addition, a reed valve type air suction valve (hereinafter referred to as “ASV”) 11c is interposed in the air suction valve chamber 11. The ASV 11c is opened and closed by the pulsation of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 6, and opens when the exhaust pulsation has a negative pressure to supply secondary air to the exhaust pipe 6 from the air cleaner 4.
また、上記二次空気供給通路９の上記エアクリーナ４
のクリーンサイド4aから上記ASV室11までの距離Ｌを一
定とした場合、上記クリーンサイド4aから上記拡張室10
までの距離l1と、上記拡張室10と上記ASV室11との間の
接続部分の距離l2とはl1＞l2の関係を有し、また、l2は
組付け上、および、騒音対策上、20〜30mmが望ましい。In addition, the air cleaner 4 in the secondary air supply passage 9
When the distance L from the clean side 4a to the ASV chamber 11 is constant, the clean side 4a to the expansion chamber 10
To the distance l 1 and the distance l 2 at the connecting portion between the expansion chamber 10 and the ASV chamber 11 have a relation of l 1 > l 2 , and l 2 is on assembly, and 20 to 30 mm is desirable for noise suppression.
次に、上記構成による実施例の作用について説明す
る。Next, the operation of the embodiment having the above configuration will be described.
エンジンが駆動すると、排気ポート1bからブローダウ
ンした排気がエキゾーストマニホルド５、排気管６を通
り大気へ放出される。その間、上記排気の正圧波が上記
排気管６の開放端で反射して戻り、エンジン本体１のシ
リンダ、あるいは、排気バルブに衝突して再び反射さ
れ、この反射波の干渉により排気系内に脈動が発生す
る。When the engine is driven, the exhaust blown down from the exhaust port 1b is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust manifold 5 and the exhaust pipe 6. During that time, the positive pressure wave of the exhaust gas is reflected back at the open end of the exhaust pipe 6, collides with the cylinder of the engine body 1 or the exhaust valve, and is reflected again. The interference of this reflected wave causes pulsation in the exhaust system. Occurs.
上記排気脈動が二次空気供給通路９に介装したASV室1
1の下流側に伝播すると、上記排気脈動が負圧のとき、
上記ASV室11に介装したASV11cが開弁し、また、上記脈
動が正圧のとき、上記ASV11cが閉弁する。ASV chamber 1 in which the exhaust pulsation is interposed in the secondary air supply passage 9
Propagating to the downstream side of 1, when the exhaust pulsation is negative pressure,
The ASV 11c provided in the ASV chamber 11 opens, and when the pulsation has a positive pressure, the ASV 11c closes.
上記ASV11cが開弁すると、エアクリーナ４のクリーン
サイド4aに吸入された空気が二次供給通路９を通り、上
記排気管６へ供給され、排気中のCO,HCを酸化させると
ともに、触媒コンバータ７に対する流入空燃比を一定に
する。When the ASV 11c is opened, the air sucked into the clean side 4a of the air cleaner 4 passes through the secondary supply passage 9 and is supplied to the exhaust pipe 6 to oxidize CO and HC in the exhaust and to the catalytic converter 7. Keep the inflow air-fuel ratio constant.
一方、上記二次空気供給通路９の上記ASV11cの上流側
には、このASV11cの開閉に伴い二次空気脈動が発生す
る。On the other hand, on the upstream side of the ASV 11c in the secondary air supply passage 9, secondary air pulsation is generated as the ASV 11c is opened and closed.
上記二次空気がエアクリーナ４のクリーンサイド4a側
から、上記二次空気供給通路９に介装した拡張室10に流
入すると膨脹して脈動成分中の静圧のみが減衰され、脈
動成分中動圧により二次空気が上記排気管６へ供給され
る。When the secondary air flows from the clean side 4a side of the air cleaner 4 into the expansion chamber 10 provided in the secondary air supply passage 9, the secondary air expands and only the static pressure in the pulsating component is attenuated. Thus, the secondary air is supplied to the exhaust pipe 6.
また、上記ASV11cで反射した二次脈動の正圧波が上記
拡張室10の吐出側に突出する二次空気導入パイプ11aか
ら上記拡張室10へ伝播すると、この拡張室10内で拡張共
振して脈動音が減衰される。Further, when the positive pressure wave of the secondary pulsation reflected by the ASV 11c propagates from the secondary air introduction pipe 11a projecting to the discharge side of the expansion chamber 10 to the expansion chamber 10, expansion resonance occurs in the expansion chamber 10 and pulsation occurs. Sound is attenuated.
その結果、排気管６に供給する二次空気流量が減少す
ることなしに、脈動音を低減させることができる。ま
た、拡張室10の二次空気吐出パイプ10bと、ASV室11の二
次空気導入パイプ11aとがゴムパッキン12を介して接続
されているので、形状がコンパクトになり艤装が容易な
ばかりか、高い剛性を得ることもできる。As a result, the pulsating noise can be reduced without reducing the flow rate of the secondary air supplied to the exhaust pipe 6. Further, since the secondary air discharge pipe 10b of the expansion chamber 10 and the secondary air introduction pipe 11a of the ASV chamber 11 are connected via the rubber packing 12, not only the shape is compact and the outfitting is easy, High rigidity can also be obtained.
第３図に破線で示す波形が本実施例と他の例とのアイ
ドリング中の脈動によって発生する脈動音の周波数成分
を解析したもので、実線で示す波形が拡張室を介装しな
い場合の脈動音の周波数成分を示す。The waveform shown by the broken line in FIG. 3 is an analysis of the frequency components of the pulsating sound generated by the pulsation during idling of this embodiment and other examples, and the waveform shown by the solid line is the pulsation when the expansion chamber is not interposed. Indicates the frequency component of the sound.
第３図（ｂ）に示すように、拡張室10をエアクリーナ
４のクリーンサイド4a側に配設すると、脈動音の周波数
成分は全体的に低くなるが、第４図に示すように二次空
気供給量Ｑも減少する。これは、拡張室が直流抵抗とな
り、脈動成分中の動圧が低下してしまうからと解され
る。When the expansion chamber 10 is arranged on the clean side 4a side of the air cleaner 4 as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the frequency component of the pulsating sound is lowered as a whole, but as shown in FIG. The supply amount Q also decreases. It is understood that this is because the expansion chamber becomes a direct current resistance and the dynamic pressure in the pulsating component decreases.
一方、拡張室をASV室側に配設すれば、第４図に示す
ように、二次空気量Ｑは減少しないが、第３図（ｃ）に
示すように、低次の周波数成分がピーク値を示してしま
う。On the other hand, if the expansion chamber is arranged on the ASV chamber side, the secondary air amount Q does not decrease as shown in FIG. 4, but the low-order frequency component peaks as shown in FIG. 3 (c). It shows the value.
これに対し、本考案では、第３図（ａ）、第４図に示
すように、二次空気供給量Ｑを確保したまま、脈動音の
周波数成分をも全体的に低く抑えることができる。On the other hand, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 4, it is possible to suppress the frequency component of the pulsating sound as a whole while maintaining the secondary air supply amount Q.
なお、本考案は上記実施例に限るものではなく、例え
ば、エアサクションバルブ室の下流側に別の拡張室を配
設してもよい。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and for example, another expansion chamber may be arranged on the downstream side of the air suction valve chamber.
［考案の効果］ 以上説明したように本考案によれば、一端をエアクリ
ーナのクリーンサイドに連通し、他端を排気系に連通す
る二次空気供給通路に、拡張室とエアサクションバルブ
室とを介装した内燃機関の二次空気供給装置において、
前記エアサクションバルブ室上流の近接した位置に拡張
室を配設し、このエアサクションバルブ室から上流方向
へ延出する二次空気導入パイプを上記拡張室内に突出さ
せると共に、上記拡張室から上記エアサクションバルブ
室方向へ延出する二次空気吐出パイプを上記二次空気導
入パイプの外周に挿通して接続したので、二次空気供給
量を減少することなく、脈動音の低減を図ることがで
き、かつ、コンパクト化が実現できて、艤装が容易にな
るなど優れた効果が奏される。[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the expansion chamber and the air suction valve chamber are provided in the secondary air supply passage having one end communicating with the clean side of the air cleaner and the other end communicating with the exhaust system. In the secondary air supply device of the internal combustion engine which is interposed,
An expansion chamber is arranged at a position close to the upstream side of the air suction valve chamber, and a secondary air introduction pipe extending from the air suction valve chamber in the upstream direction is projected into the expansion chamber, and the air is drawn from the expansion chamber. Since the secondary air discharge pipe extending in the direction of the suction valve chamber is inserted and connected to the outer periphery of the secondary air introduction pipe, it is possible to reduce the pulsating noise without reducing the secondary air supply amount. In addition, compactness can be realized, and excellent effects such as easy fitting can be achieved.
図面は、本考案の一実施例を示し、第１図は二次空気供
給装置の縦断面図、第２図はエンジンの全体概略図、第
３図はアイドル回転数域における脈動音の周波数成分を
拡張室とエアサクションバルブ室との配置を変えて分析
した騒音特性図、第４図は二次空気供給量の比較を示す
線図である。 ４……エアクリーナ、4a……クリーンサイド、６……排
気系（排気管）、９……二次空気供給通路、10……拡張
室、10b……二次空気吐出パイプ、11……エアサクショ
ンバルブ室、11a……二次空気導入パイプ。The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a secondary air supply device, FIG. 2 is an overall schematic view of an engine, and FIG. 3 is a frequency component of pulsating sound in an idle speed range. FIG. 4 is a noise characteristic diagram in which the arrangement of the expansion chamber and the air suction valve chamber is changed and analyzed, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a comparison of the secondary air supply amount. 4 ... Air cleaner, 4a ... Clean side, 6 ... Exhaust system (exhaust pipe), 9 ... Secondary air supply passage, 10 ... Expansion chamber, 10b ... Secondary air discharge pipe, 11 ... Air suction Valve chamber, 11a ... Secondary air introduction pipe.
Claims (1)
通し、他端を排気系に連通する二次空気供給通路に、拡
張室とエアサクションバルブ室とを介装した内燃機関の
二次空気供給装置において、 前記エアサクションバルブ室上流の近接した位置に拡張
室を配設し、 このエアサクションバルブ室から上流方向へ延出する二
次空気導入パイプを上記拡張室内に突出させると共に、 上記拡張室から上記エアサクションバルブ室方向へ延出
する二次空気吐出パイプを上記二次空気導入パイプの外
周に挿通して接続したことを特徴とする内燃機関の二次
空気供給装置。1. A secondary air supply device for an internal combustion engine, wherein an expansion chamber and an air suction valve chamber are provided in a secondary air supply passage having one end communicating with a clean side of an air cleaner and the other end communicating with an exhaust system. In the above, an expansion chamber is provided at a position close to the upstream side of the air suction valve chamber, and a secondary air introducing pipe extending from the air suction valve chamber in the upstream direction is projected into the expansion chamber, and A secondary air supply device for an internal combustion engine, wherein a secondary air discharge pipe extending in the direction of the air suction valve chamber is inserted and connected to an outer periphery of the secondary air introduction pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1989101205U JPH089369Y2 (en) | 1989-08-30 | 1989-08-30 | Secondary air supply device for internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1989101205U JPH089369Y2 (en) | 1989-08-30 | 1989-08-30 | Secondary air supply device for internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0342016U JPH0342016U (en) | 1991-04-22 |
| JPH089369Y2 true JPH089369Y2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
Family
ID=31650167
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1989101205U Expired - Lifetime JPH089369Y2 (en) | 1989-08-30 | 1989-08-30 | Secondary air supply device for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH089369Y2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS521320A (en) * | 1975-06-24 | 1977-01-07 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Secondary air supplying apparatus |
| JPS5545054Y2 (en) * | 1977-07-20 | 1980-10-23 | ||
| JPS58170813A (en) * | 1982-04-01 | 1983-10-07 | Nippon Soken Inc | Secondary air supplying device for internal-combustion engine |
-
1989
- 1989-08-30 JP JP1989101205U patent/JPH089369Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0342016U (en) | 1991-04-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |