JPH09106578A - Optical recording medium and optical recording / reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an optical disk to secure the reference position for soft format with a sufficient positional accuracy. SOLUTION: A track 3 provided in the optical disk 52 for the soft format is constituted of pre-grooves 35 and index marks 53 to indicate the reference position of the soft format. The reference position is obtained from the level change of the index marks 53.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical recording medium for recording / reproducing or erasing information by irradiating a light beam and an optical recording / reproducing apparatus for handling the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in optical discs, it has been the mainstream to record the addresses of tracks and sectors in a preformatted format by using concave and convex marks at the time of manufacture. Then, the optical head of the optical disk device records / reproduces and erases information while reading the above addresses.

As shown in FIG. 27, the above-mentioned marks are separately formed as marks 2.2, ... Between the pregrooves 1 and 1 for identifying a track, or as shown in FIG. , The pre-groove 3 is partially interrupted to form the marks 4 ...

By the way, a desired track and sector are accessed by a seek operation of moving the optical head in a radial direction to reach a predetermined track, and after the seek operation, a predetermined sector is moved to the optical head by rotation of the optical disk. It is divided into two stages, a search (waiting for rotation) operation that waits for movement.

In the optical disc disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-60823, the marks are arranged separately from the pre-grooves, and when seeking a target track, a traverse signal detected when traversing the pre-grooves. The number of track crossings is counted based on the above, and the optical head is moved in the radial direction while calculating the position of the optical head.

[0006]

However, as shown in FIG. 27, when the marks 2.2 are arranged separately from the pre-groove 1.1, the laser beam 5 emitted from the optical head is arrowed. When the laser beam 5 passes over the mark 2 when crossing the pre-groove 1.1 as in α, the signal from the mark 2 is added to the track crossing signal EE (see FIG. 28). As a result, when two pulses should originally be generated, three pulses are generated as shown by the dotted line, or when the interval between the pre-groove 1.1 and the mark 2 is short, as shown by the solid line, the pre-groove 1.1 is generated. Only one pulse is generated in the entire mark 2, which causes an error in counting the number of track crossings.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 29, when the marks 4 are formed only by partially interrupting the pregroove 3, when the laser beam 5 passes over the mark 4 in the direction of the arrow α, the track However, there is a problem that the track crossing signal EF (see FIG. 30) is not detected even though the track is crossing.

Further, as described above, in the method of pre-formatting the addresses of tracks and sectors as marks of unevenness, since the format is fixed, the user cannot freely change the format after the optical disc is manufactured. However, there was a problem that it lacked versatility.

On the other hand, conventionally, in a floppy disk, soft formatting is performed by magnetically writing an address or the like after the disk is manufactured. That is, as shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the floppy disk 6 has an index hole 7 for determining the start position or reference position of the soft format.
Are formed in advance. Then, the index hole 7 is detected by the photo interrupter 8 (detector having a light emitting element and a light receiving element) of the floppy disk device, and the index hole detection signal U is sent to the information recording / reproducing circuit 10. Based on this, the information recording / reproducing circuit 1
0 determines the start position or reference position of the soft format. Then, the recording signal V is sent to the magnetic head 11, and the floppy disk 6 is soft-formatted.

If the soft format method of the floppy disk 6 is directly applied to the optical disk, the following problems will occur.

That is, since the optical disc has a recording density of about several tens to several hundreds of times as compared with the floppy disc 6, the recording position accuracy on the disc is several tens to several hundreds.
Double accuracy is required.

Therefore, even if the optical disk is provided with the index holes 7 as described above, it is impossible to secure sufficient positional accuracy.

[0013]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical recording medium having a pre-groove for forming a track for following a light beam, and wobbling the pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove. And an index mark indicating a reference position for soft formatting, and the pre-groove including the index mark is formed without interruption.

An optical recording medium according to a second aspect has a first area in which information is recorded in advance and a second area in which information can be recorded / reproduced or erased, and the first area has a light beam. Has a pre-groove that forms a track for following the track and an information mark prerecorded by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove, and the pre-groove including the information mark is discontinued. And a pre-groove that is formed without a track and forms a track for following the light beam in the second area, and is formed by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove, which is the reference position for soft formatting. And an index mark indicating that the pregroove including the index mark is not interrupted. Made is characterized in that is.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical recording / reproducing apparatus which comprises a pre-groove for forming a track for following a light beam and a soft groove formed by wobbling the pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove. An optical recording medium having an index mark indicating a reference position for formatting and a pre-groove including the index mark formed without interruption is used.
An index mark detecting means for detecting the index mark based on a reflected beam from the optical recording medium and outputting an index mark detecting signal, and a soft formatting reference position based on the index mark detecting signal for determining the optical recording medium. When the optical head moves in the radial direction of the optical recording medium, the formatting means for performing soft formatting of the optical recording medium detects the crossing of the track by the light beam crossing the pre-groove based on the reflected beam from the optical recording medium. Crossing detecting means, counting means for counting the number of times of track crossing, and optical head moving means for moving the optical head to a target track while calculating the number of moving tracks of the light beam based on the count value of the counting means. Is characterized by.

An optical recording / reproducing apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention has a first area in which information is recorded in advance and a second area in which information can be recorded / reproduced or erased, and the first area is an optical area. It has a pre-groove that forms a track for following the beam and an information mark that is pre-recorded by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove, and the pre-groove including the information mark is interrupted. And a pre-groove that is formed without a track and forms a track for following the light beam in the second region, and is formed by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove. And an index mark indicating the position, and the pre-groove including the index mark is interrupted Using an optical recording medium that is formed into a small area, a reproducing unit that reads out the information mark based on the reflected beam from the first area of the optical recording medium and reproduces information, and a reflection unit from the second area of the optical recording medium. Index mark detecting means for detecting the index mark based on the beam and outputting an index mark detecting signal, and a reference position for soft formatting based on the index mark detecting signal are determined to determine the soft mark in the second area of the optical recording medium. When the formatting means for performing formatting and the optical head move in the radial direction of the optical recording medium, the light beam crosses the pre-groove based on the reflected beam from the optical recording medium to detect the crossing of the track. Means, counting means for counting the number of track crossings, and Numerical and having an optical head moving means for moving the optical head to the target track while calculating the number of movement tracks of the optical beam based on.

[0017]

According to the optical recording medium of claim 1, the pre-groove is formed so as not to be discontinuous in the circumferential direction similarly to the above, and therefore, when the light beam crosses the track, To cross the pregroove,
It becomes possible to accurately detect the number of crossing tracks.

Further, the index mark recorded as a part of the pre-groove is read out, and the optical recording / reproducing apparatus writes address information or the like on the optical recording medium with the index mark as a reference to perform soft formatting (optical recording after manufacturing the recording medium. It means that the recording / reproducing apparatus writes the address information or the like to perform the formatting). This allows the optical recording medium to be formatted in the desired format.

According to the optical recording medium of the second aspect, the information mark is pre-recorded in the first area and is used as a read-only area, while only the index mark is pre-recorded in the second area. It is possible to perform soft formatting by the optical recording / reproducing device using the index mark as a reference, and perform recording / reproducing or erasing based on the soft formatting.

The information mark in the first area and the second area
The area index marks are both formed as part of the pre-groove, and the pre-groove is formed so as not to be discontinuous in the circumferential direction of the optical recording medium, so the number of times the light beam crosses the track can be accurately detected. become able to.

According to the optical recording / reproducing apparatus of the third aspect, an optical recording medium in which an index mark serving as a standard for soft formatting is recorded as a part of the pre-groove by wobbling or the like is used, and the optical mark is detected by the index mark detecting means. Detects the index mark based on the reflected beam from the optical recording medium soft formatting by determining the reference position of the soft formatting by the formatting means based on the index mark detection signal from the index mark detecting means, and thereafter, Recording and reproduction can be performed based on the soft-formatted address information. Also,
When the optical head moves in the radial direction of the optical recording medium, the track crossing detecting means detects the crossing of the track by the crossing of the pre-groove of the light beam based on the reflected beam from the optical recording medium and counts the same as above. It is possible to move the optical head to the target track by the optical head moving means while counting the number of track crossings by the means and calculating the number of moving tracks of the light beam based on the count value of the counting means. In this case, since the pre-groove is formed without interruption in the circumferential direction of the optical recording medium, the number of track crossings can be accurately detected.

According to the optical recording / reproducing apparatus of the fourth aspect, the information mark is previously formed integrally with the pre-groove by the wobbling of the pre-groove in the first area as the reproduction-only area, while the recordable area is formed. An optical recording medium in which an index mark is formed in the second area as a part of the pre-groove is used, and the information mark is read by the reproducing means based on the reflected beam from the first area to reproduce the information. At the same time, the index mark detecting means detects the index mark based on the reflected beam from the second area, and the formatting means determines the reference position of the soft formatting according to the index mark detecting signal from the index mark detecting means, Soft formatting the second area, and then It is possible to perform recording and reproducing or erasing information in the second area on the basis of the software formatting.

Further, when the optical head moves in the radial direction of the optical recording medium, the track crossing detecting means detects the crossing of the tracks by the crossing of the pre-groove of the light beam based on the reflected beam from the optical disk, similarly to the above. However, it is possible to move the optical head to the target track by the optical head moving means while counting the number of track crossings by the counting means and calculating the number of moving tracks of the light beam based on the count value of the counting means. In this case, since the pre-groove is formed without interruption in the circumferential direction of the optical recording medium, the number of track crossings can be accurately detected.

[0024]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 10, the optical head 20 is driven in the radial direction of the magneto-optical disk 22 (optical disk) by a linear motor 21 as an optical head moving means. The laser beam emitted from the optical head 20 is applied to the magneto-optical disk 22, the reflected beam is converted into an electric signal A by the photodiode 26 (see FIG. 11) in the optical head 20, and the electric signal A is reproduced.
It is led to 3. When seeking to move the optical head 20 in the radial direction of the magneto-optical disk 22, a reproduction signal is guided to the counter 24 (counting means) as a digital track crossing signal B, and the number of track crossings of the optical head 20 is counted (hereinafter , This counting operation is called track counting).

The count value data C is guided to the seek control circuit 25, and the seek control circuit 25 checks the passing track position of the optical head 20 while checking the optical head control signal D.
Is sent to the linear motor 21. As described above, the optical head 20 moves in the radial direction of the magneto-optical disk 22 to seek the target track.

FIG. 11 shows a portion for performing track counting in the magneto-optical disk device. In the figure, the reflected beam from the optical head 20 is the optical head 20.
Received by the photodiode 26 in the
Is converted to The electric signal A is amplified by the amplifier 27 in the reproduction circuit 23, and the output signal E of the amplifier 27 is input to the plus input terminal of the comparator 28. The comparison voltage V ₀ is input to the negative input terminal of the comparator 28.

The output signal of the comparator 28 is sent to the counter 24 and the demodulation circuit 30. The demodulation circuit 30 demodulates the address information recorded on the magneto-optical disk 22 with modulation such as biphase mark modulation from the above output signal. Thus, the output signal of the comparator 28 is used as the track crossing signal B and the address information signal F. The pre-groove 35 on the magneto-optical disk 22 will be described later.

The format of the magneto-optical disk 22 will be described with reference to FIG. A concentric or spiral track 31 is formed in advance on the magneto-optical disk 22, and the track 31 is divided into a plurality of sectors 32. Each sector 32 includes a header portion 33 in which address information of the track 31 and the sector 32 is recorded in a pre-formatted format when the magneto-optical disk 22 is manufactured, and a data portion for recording / reproducing or erasing information by the magneto-optical disk device. It is composed of 34.

FIG. 7 shows the track 31 in the data section 34.
Is an enlarged view of. Each track 31 is formed by sandwiching both sides of the pregroove 35. When recording information in the data section 34, the laser beam 36
Is moved relative to the track 31 in the direction of the arrow β, and the mark 37 is recorded by the magneto-optical method. Although not shown in FIG. 10, the magneto-optical disk device includes a magnetic field generator in addition to the optical head 20. When playing or erasing,
Similarly, the mark 37 is reproduced or erased while the laser beam 36 is relatively moved in the direction of the arrow β.

At the time of seek, the laser beam 36 moves in the direction of arrow α while traversing the tracks 31, 31 ... At this time, the level of the output signal E of the amplifier 27 (see FIG. 8) decreases when it crosses the pregrooves 35.

Therefore, the amplifier 27 (FIG. 11) at the time of seeking.
Output signal E (see (a) in FIG. 9) of the comparator 28
Slicing with the comparison voltage V ₀ at gives the above-mentioned track crossing signal. The track crossing signal B raises and lowers the level by the number of times the optical head 20 crosses the tracks 31, 31 ...

When the track crossing signal B is input to the counter 24 shown in FIG. 10, the seek control circuit 25 accurately seeks a target track to the magneto-optical disk 22 while counting the number of tracks moved by the optical head 20. be able to.

Since the mark 37 is recorded by the magneto-optical method, it can be separated from the track crossing signal B.
The signal from the mark 37 does not mix on the track crossing signal B. This will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 13 shows the peripheral equipment of the photodiode 26 in FIG. 11 in detail. The reflected beam from the magneto-optical disk 22 is polarized beam splitter 38.
Is split into two detection lights G and H having different polarization planes. These two detected lights G and H are converted into electric signals Aa and Ab by the photodiodes 26a and 26b, and are input to the adding amplifier 27a and the subtracting amplifier 27b, respectively. As a result, the output signal Ea of the adding amplifier 27a includes the pregroove 35 and the mark 4 described later.
Although the signal from 0 appears, the signal from the mark 37 recorded by the magneto-optical system does not appear.

On the other hand, in the output signal Eb of the subtraction amplifier 27b, the signals from the pre-groove 35 and the mark 40 do not appear, but the signal from the mark 37 recorded by the magneto-optical system appears.

Therefore, the output signal Ea of the summing amplifier 27a
Is used as the track crossing signal B and the address information signal F, and the output signal Eb of the subtraction amplifier 27b is used as the information signal by magneto-optical recording.

Next, FIG. 1 shows the track 31 in the header portion 33.

Like the data section 34, the track 31 has two tracks.
It is formed by being sandwiched between two pregrooves 35. Then, in the header portion 33, the pregrooves 35 on both sides of the track 31 are wobbled (displaced in the radial direction) symmetrically with each other by a width ΔW on the outer peripheral side or the inner peripheral side of the magneto-optical disk 22. , A mark 40 indicating the address information is formed. This address information is recorded after performing appropriate modulation such as bi-phase mark modulation. The pregrooves 35 in the header part 33 and the data part 34 are formed so as not to be discontinuous in the circumferential direction. That is, when the track 31, that is, the pre-groove 35 is formed in a spiral shape,
The pre-grooves 35 are formed as one completely continuous groove, and when the tracks 31 and the pre-grooves 35 are formed concentrically, each pre-groove 35 does not have a portion which is interrupted within the range of one circumference of the disc. Is formed.

At the time of recording / reproducing or erasing information by the magneto-optical method, the laser beam 36 moves in the direction of the arrow β along the track 31, and the mark 4 on the header portion 33
Address information is read from 0. Then, recording / reproducing or erasing is performed in the data portion 34 of a predetermined address.

On the other hand, at the time of seek, the laser beam 36 moves in the arrow α-direction while traversing the track 31.
At this time, the level of the output signal E of the amplifier 27 (see FIG. 2) is lowered when passing through the pre-groove 35. As a result, every time the track 31 is crossed, the output signal E
The level of the track crossing signal B obtained by binarizing is increased or decreased once. Since the mark 40 is formed as a part of the pre-groove 35, there is no uneven portion other than the pre-groove 35 and the pre-groove 35 is not discontinuous in the circumferential direction. Head 2
Each time 0 crosses the track 31, the level rises and falls faithfully. As a result, the counter 24 can accurately count the number of track crossings, and it is possible to accurately seek a predetermined track 31.

FIG. 3 shows a mark 40 on the header portion 33.
This is a modified example. Here, on both sides of the track 31, the pre-grooves 35, 35 are in the same direction (inner side or outer side).
Wobbling by width ΔW. FIG. 5 shows another modified example in which the widths of the pregrooves 35 on both sides of the track 31 are changed by ΔW.

Also in these modified examples, there is no uneven portion other than the pre-groove 35 and the pre-groove 35 is not interrupted in the circumferential direction, so that the output signal E of the amplifier 27 is generated.
(See FIG. 4 and FIG. 6), the level goes up and down once every time the pre-groove 35 is crossed once, so that the output signal E becomes 2
It is possible to accurately count the number of track crossings on the basis of the track crossing signal B which is digitized.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart regarding the seek operation.

When the access operation is instructed, first, the seek operation is started and the linear motor 21 is driven (S
1), the optical head 20 is moved to the target track 31 side (S2).

Then, the track crossing signal B is generated (S3), and the number of tracks 31 crossed by the counter 24 is counted (S4). Further, the seek control circuit 25 determines whether the number of track crossings counted by the counter 24 has reached the target value (S5). If the target value has not been reached, the process returns to S1 to drive the linear motor 21 further. To be done.

On the other hand, if the number of track crossings has reached the target value, the seek operation is ended, and then the search operation is started.

By the way, in the description using FIGS. 1 to 9,
For the sake of simplicity, the laser beam 36 is set to track 3 when seeking.
1 was assumed to cross at approximately a right angle. However, in reality, since the magneto-optical disk 22 is rotating even during seek, the laser beam 36 crosses the track 31 obliquely. At that time, the track crossing signal B is not disturbed even if the laser beam 36 obliquely crosses the data section 34, but as shown in FIG. 15A, the laser beam 36 obliquely crosses the header section 33. When the laser beam 36 crosses the track 31, the output signal E of the amplifier 27 from the relationship between the inclination angle θ of the laser beam 36 with respect to the track 31 and the wobbling width ΔW at the mark 40 is as shown in FIG.
May be disturbed, and as a result, the cross-track signal B may be disturbed.

That is, the inclination angle θ of the laser beam 36
Is smaller, and the wobbling width ΔW in the mark 40 is larger, the disturbance of the output signal E of the amplifier 27 is more likely to occur.

Therefore, it is preferable that the wobbling width ΔW be as small as possible as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the wobbling width ΔW decreases, the level of the address information signal F decreases and the S / N of the address information signal F decreases as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 17 (see Table 1).

[0051]

[Table 1]

Therefore, it is necessary to determine the wobbling width ΔW in consideration of the balance between the S / N of the address information signal from the mark 40 and the track count accuracy.

Instead of the configuration of FIG. 11, a hysteresis comparator 41 is arranged in parallel with the comparator 28 as shown in FIG.
The counter 24 uses the output signal of 1 as the track crossing signal B.
If it is input to, the accuracy of the track count can be improved. The hysteresis comparator 41 is set so that the threshold when its output is inverted from low level to high level is higher by Δy than the threshold when its output is inverted from high level to low level. is there.

Waveforms obtained by the circuit of FIG. 18 are shown in FIG. 16 (b).
It is shown in (c). Here, since the wobbling width ΔW of the mark 40 is smaller than that in the case of FIG. 15, the disturbance of the track crossing signal B is smaller than that in the case of FIG. Further, for this track crossing signal B, a hysteresis level Δ
With y, it is possible to prevent the track crossing signal B output from the hysteresis comparator 41 from being disturbed, for example, at the waveform disturbance portion Z of the output signal E of the amplifier 27.

The amplitude of the output signal E of the amplifier 27 is X.
t, Xs is the disturbance amount of the output signal E, and Δy is the hysteresis level, Xt>Δy> Xs.

15 and 16, the laser beam 36 obliquely crosses the track 31 having the mark 40 having the pattern shown in FIG. 3, but the mark 40 having the pattern shown in FIG. 1 or 5 is shown. The same applies to the case where the laser beam 36 obliquely crosses the owned track 31.

In the above embodiment, the track counting section shown in FIG. 19 may be used instead of the track counting section shown in FIG.

That is, here, the two-divided photodiode 42 is used in place of the photodiode 26 of FIG.
The two output signals I and J are input to the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the differential amplifier 43, respectively. Differential amplifier 4
The output signal E of 3 is a generally known track error signal, which is also used for the track servo of the laser beam 36. The output signal E of the differential amplifier 43 is
Input to the positive input terminal of the comparator 44, and the negative input terminal of the comparator 44 is grounded. The output signal of the comparator 44 is the counter 2 as the track crossing signal B.
Lead to 4 and count the track.

(Embodiment 2) Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the first embodiment described above, the address information is formed in advance in the header portion 33 of each sector 32 by wobbling or the like, but in this embodiment, the header portion is formed based on the index mark 53 formed in advance. The address information of 33 is soft-formatted by the magneto-optical method.

20 (a) and 20 (b), a magneto-optical disk 52 adopting the soft formatting method of this embodiment.
Is shown. The magneto-optical disk 52 is formed with concentric or spiral tracks 31 partitioned by the pregrooves 35. In a part of this truck 31,
For example, the pregrooves 35, 35 on both sides of the track 31
By wobbling in the same direction, the index mark 53 is formed in advance. The index mark 53 is provided, for example, at each one position on one track 31 (one circumference of the magneto-optical disk 52 constitutes one track), and the length along the track 31 is about 1 μm.
Approximately 100 μm (wavelength of laser beam is 800 n
m, when Na of the objective lens is 0.5).

In the magneto-optical disk device shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, when detecting the index mark 53, the semiconductor laser 54 of the optical head 20 irradiates the magneto-optical disk 52 (FIG. 20) with a laser beam, The reflected beam is received by the photodiode 26. The electric signal A from the photodiode 26 is supplied to the reproduction circuit 23.
Sent to

In the reproduction circuit 23, the above electric signal A
Is amplified by the amplifier 27, and the output signal E of the amplifier 27 is
Is input to the positive input terminal of the comparator 28. On the other hand, the comparison voltage V ₀ is input to the minus input terminal of the comparator 28, and the output signal E of the amplifier 27 is binarized. Note that in FIG. 20C, the signal from the index mark 53 included in the output signal E is the slice level V.
It shows that it is binarized with ₀ .

The output signal of the comparator 28 is led to the counter 24 as the track crossing signal B, and the number of track crossings is counted here as described above. The output signal of the comparator 28 is the index mark signal K.
Is sent to the index mark detection circuit 55, where the index mark 53 is detected and the index mark detection signal L is output. The index mark detection signal L is guided to the formatting circuit 56, and the start position or reference position of formatting is determined. Then, according to this, the format data signal M
Are sent to the semiconductor laser 54 of the optical head 20, and the magneto-optical disk 52 is formatted.

In FIG. 20, the index mark 53 is 1
It was recorded only by wobbling once, but the 23rd
As shown in the middle (a), the index mark 53 may be recorded by wobbling a plurality of times. Also in this case, the signal read from the index mark 53 (see (b) in 23rd section) is binarized by the comparator 28, and the index mark 53 can be detected by the index mark detection circuit 55. When the index mark 53 is formed by wobbling a plurality of times as described above, it is possible to reduce detection errors as compared with the case of FIG.

The index mark 53 is similar to the mark 40 in FIG.
Alternatively, the pregrooves 35, 35 on both sides of the track 31 may be wobbled in the opposite directions, or the width of the pregrooves 35, 35 on both sides of the track 31 may be polarized in the same manner as the mark 40 in FIG. .

Next, FIG. 24 shows an example of the format in the Nth track 31 of the magneto-optical disk 52. In the figure, (a) shows the case where the header portion 33 of each sector 32 is pre-formatted by the mark 40 as in the first embodiment.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, (b) in FIG.
As described above, when the magneto-optical disk 52 is manufactured, the index mark 53 is only formed at one position on each track 31, that is, at the head position of the track 31.

When recording information on the magneto-optical disk 52, first, soft formatting is performed. At this time,
As described above, when the signal from the index mark 53 exists in the index mark signal K output from the reproducing circuit 23 based on the reflected beam from the magneto-optical disk 52, the index mark detecting circuit 55 outputs the index mark detecting signal L. (See (d) in FIG. 24) is output.

Based on this index mark detection signal L, the start position of soft formatting is determined,
A laser beam is emitted from the semiconductor laser 54 (see FIG.
4 (e)), the addresses of the track 31 and the sector 32 are written in the header part 33 in each sector 32, and soft formatting is performed ((c) in FIG. 24).
In FIG. 24, one track 31 has five sectors 3
.. is included.

As described above, after performing the soft formatting, the address of the track 31 and the sector 32 is confirmed by reproducing the information of the header part 33, and the recording / reproducing or erasing of the information in the data part 34 is performed. You can In the above example, the index mark 53 is formed on each track 31 one by one, but if a plurality of index marks 53 are formed on one track 31, the accuracy of soft formatting is improved. be able to.

FIG. 25 is a flowchart relating to soft formatting.

Ns-th to Ne-th tracks 31, 31
When the soft formatting for the ... Is started, the soft formatting start track number Ns is first substituted into the track number N to determine the start track (S11). Next, the Ns th track 31
And waits until the index mark 53 of the track 31 is detected (S12). When the index mark 53 of the Nsth track 31 is detected, soft formatting for one track is performed on the Nsth track 31 (S13).

Then, "1" is added to the track number, and it is determined whether or not the track number is larger than the number Ne of the soft formatting end track (S1).
4) If the track number is larger than Ne, soft formatting is ended.

On the other hand, if the track number is Ne or less,
Returning to S12, the same processing as above is repeated.

By the way, although the duplicated description is omitted, also in this embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, the optical head 5 at the time of seeking is performed.
A counter 2 that counts the number of tracks 31 crossed by 4
4 and a seek control circuit 25 (see FIG. 10) for controlling the seek operation based on the count value of the counter 24. Also in this embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the pre-groove 35 is formed so as not to be discontinuous in the circumferential direction of the magneto-optical disk 52.

Therefore, at the time of seek, that is, the optical head 5
When 4 moves in the radial direction of the magneto-optical disk 52.
1 when the optical head 54 crosses one track 31
It will cross one pre-groove 35. Further, since the index mark 53 is formed by wobbling of the pre-groove 35 or the like, the level of the track crossing signal B does not rise or fall in a portion other than the pre-groove 35. As a result, as in the first embodiment, the optical head 20
It is possible to accurately count the number of tracks 31 traversed by.

Further, the header portion 33 and the data portion 34
The address information and the data information are recorded by the magneto-optical method on the disk, and the fact that the information by the magneto-optical method and the information due to the unevenness of the track crossing signal B can be separately detected is shown in FIG. Is the same as that described using.

Further, when the laser beam obliquely crosses the portion of the index mark 53 (FIG. 20, FIG. 23, FIG. 1 or FIG. 5) in the pre-groove 35 during seek, the output signal E of the amplifier 27 is disturbed, and as a result, The track crossing signal B may be disturbed in the first embodiment when the laser beam 36 crosses the portion of the mark 40 in the pre-groove 35 obliquely.
Is like being disturbed.

Also in this case, as in the first embodiment, when the wobbling width ΔW of the index mark 53 is reduced, the disturbance of the track crossing means B is less likely to occur, but the S / N of the signal from the index mark 53 is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to determine ΔW in consideration of the balance between the two. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, it is preferable to dispose the hysteresis comparator 41 (see FIG. 18) before the counter 24 that counts the number of track crossings.

(Embodiment 3) Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 26, the magneto-optical disk 72
The recording area in is divided into a roughly 1 area 73 (preformatted area) on the inner circumference side and a second area 74 (soft format area) on the outer circumference side. In the first area 73 and the second area 74, the tracks 31 are formed in advance by the pre-grooves 35, 35 as in the above-described Embodiment 1.2 (see FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 or FIG. 7). ).

In the first area 73, the mark 40 is formed by wobbling the pregrooves 35, 35 or changing the width of the header portion 33 of each sector 32.
The address information is recorded at the time of manufacturing the disc by the pre-groove 35.
Data information is recorded at the time of manufacturing the disc by the information mark 75 formed by wobbling 35 or changing the width (see (a) in FIG. 24).

On the other hand, in the second area 74, one index mark 5 is provided for each sector 32, as in the second embodiment.
Only No. 3 is preformatted by wobbling the pregrooves 35 or changing the width (see (b) in FIG. 24). Then, based on the detection of the index mark 53, the header portion 33 of each sector 32 of the second area 74 is soft-formatted, and then each data portion 3
4 is for recording / reproducing or erasing information.

In an optical disk device capable of sharing a plurality of types of optical disks such as a read-only optical disk, a so-called write-once optical disk, and a rewritable optical disk such as a magneto-optical disk 72, the first area of the magneto-optical disk 72. If the type of the optical disc, that is, the magneto-optical disc, and the recording conditions are recorded in 73, the optical disc device reproduces the first area 73 and determines that the type of the optical disc is the magneto-optical disc 72. After setting the recording condition and performing soft formatting on the magneto-optical disk 72, information can be recorded / reproduced or erased.

When used as a recording medium of a computer system, it is unnecessary to record a system file such as an OS in a preformatted format in the first area 73, or to delete or rewrite a dictionary file in a word processor. It is possible to record information in the first area 73 and record information that needs to be erased or rewritten, such as a user file, in the second area 74. By thus dividing the magneto-optical disk 72 into the first area 73 and the second area 74, versatility can be improved.

By the way, the optical disk device of this embodiment is also provided with a counter 24 and a seek control circuit 25 for counting the number of tracks 31 traversed by the optical head at the time of seeking, as in the first and second embodiments. In addition, the first area 7
The pregrooves 35 in the third and second areas 74 are formed so as not to be discontinuous in the circumferential direction, and the marks 40 (header portion 33) and the information marks 75 in the first area 73 are formed.
Since the (data part 34) and the index mark 53 of the second area 74 are formed by wobbling of the pre-groove 35 and the like, there is no part other than the pre-groove 35 that raises or lowers the level of the track crossing signal B.
Also, the number of tracks 31 traversed by the optical head in the second regions 73 and 74 can be accurately detected.

Although the second area 74 is the soft format area in the third embodiment, the address information is preformatted in the header portion 33 of the second area 74 by wobbling or the like, and the data of the second area 74 is stored. Data information may be recorded / reproduced or erased in the section 34 by a magneto-optical method.

Further, in the third embodiment, the first and second regions 73 and 74 are divided, but it may be divided into a larger number of regions.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the magneto-optical disk has been described as an example, but the present invention can be applied to other rewritable optical disks such as phase change optical disks and write-once optical disks. It is a thing.

[0091]

According to the optical recording medium of claim 1,
When the light beam crosses the track, it always crosses the pre-groove, and the number of tracks crossed can be accurately detected.

Further, the index recording recorded as a part of the pre-groove is read out, and the optical recording / reproducing apparatus writes address information or the like on the optical recording medium with this index mark as a reference to perform soft formatting to perform optical recording. Allows the media to be formatted in the desired format.

According to the optical recording medium of the second aspect, the first area is used as a read-only area, while the second area is soft-formatted by the optical recording / reproducing device with the index mark as a reference. Based on this, recording / playback or erasing can be performed.

The information mark of the first area and the second area
The area index marks are both formed as part of the pre-groove, and the pre-groove is formed so as not to be discontinuous in the circumferential direction of the optical disc, so that the number of times the light beam crosses the track can be accurately detected. become.

According to the optical recording / reproducing apparatus of the third aspect, the index mark detecting means detects the index mark based on the reflected beam from the optical recording medium, and the index mark detecting signal from the index mark detecting means. Based on this, the soft formatting standard position is determined by the formatting means to perform the soft formatting of the optical recording medium, and thereafter, the recording / reproducing is performed based on the soft formatted address information. Will be able to.

Further, since the pregrooves of the optical recording medium are not discontinuous in the circumferential direction, when the optical head moves in the radial direction of the optical recording medium, the track crossing detecting means accurately detects the track crossing. By the counting means, it is possible to accurately count the number of track crossings and surely move to a predetermined track.

According to the optical recording / reproducing apparatus of the fourth aspect, in the first area of the optical recording medium, the address information can be obtained by reading the mark by the reproducing means at the time of recording or reproducing. . On the other hand, in the second region, the index mark detection means detects the index mark based on the reflected beam, and the formatting means determines the reference position for soft formatting based on the index mark detection signal from the index mark detection means. Soft formatting was performed, and after that, recording / playback was performed based on the soft formatted address information.
Formatting can be performed according to the desired format.

Further, since the pregrooves of the first and second regions are formed without interruption in the circumferential direction, the track crossing can be accurately detected by the track crossing detecting means. Since the detection can be accurately performed, the optical head can be surely moved to a predetermined track.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a pre-groove having wobbling formed on a magneto-optical disk.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a reproduction signal when a laser beam traverses the pre-groove of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a pre-groove having wobbling formed on a magneto-optical disk.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a reproduction signal when a laser beam traverses the pre-groove of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing a pre-groove having a width change formed on a magneto-optical disk.

6 is an explanatory diagram showing a reproduction signal when a laser beam traverses the pre-groove of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view showing a pre-groove having no wobbling formed on a magneto-optical disk.

8 is an explanatory diagram showing a reproduction signal when a laser beam traverses the pregroove of FIG. 7. FIG.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an output signal of an amplifier and a track crossing signal.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a magneto-optical disk device.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a main part of a magneto-optical disk device.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a magneto-optical disk.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a detailed configuration of a peripheral portion of a photodiode.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a seek operation.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing how a laser beam obliquely crosses a pre-groove.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the laser beam obliquely crosses the pregroove when the wobbling width is reduced.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in the level of the address information signal depending on the wobbling width.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a modified example of the reproduction circuit.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a modified example of the peripheral portion of the photodiode.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a structure of a pre-groove of a magneto-optical disk.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a main part of a magneto-optical disk device.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the magneto-optical disk device.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing another configuration of the pre-groove of the magneto-optical disk.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a magneto-optical disk.

FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a formatting operation.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a magneto-optical disk according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a schematic plan view showing a pre-groove of an optical disc.

28 is an explanatory diagram showing a reproduction signal when the laser beam traverses the pregroove of FIG. 27. FIG.

FIG. 29 is a schematic plan view showing another pre-groove of the optical disc.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram showing a reproduction signal when the laser beam traverses the pre-groove of FIG. 29.

FIG. 31 is a schematic plan view of a floppy disk.

FIG. 32 is a schematic front view of a floppy disk device.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 optical head 21 linear motor (optical head moving means) 22 magneto-optical disk (optical disk) 24 counter (counting means) 31 track 32 sector 33 header section 34 data section 35 pre-groove 40 mark 52 magneto-optical disk (optical disk) 53 index mark 55 index mark detection circuit (index mark detection means) 72 magneto-optical disk (optical disk) 73 first area 74 second area 75 information mark

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pre-groove that forms a track for following a light beam, and an index mark that is formed by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove and that indicates a reference position for soft formatting. An optical recording medium having a pregroove including the index mark without interruption. 2. A first area in which information is recorded in advance and a second area in which information can be recorded / reproduced or erased, and a track for causing a light beam to follow is formed in the first area. It has a pre-groove and an information mark pre-recorded by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove, the pre-groove including the information mark is formed without interruption, and the second area Has a pre-groove that forms a track for following the light beam, and an index mark that is formed by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove to indicate the reference position of soft formatting, The pregroove including the index mark is formed without interruption. Optical recording medium. 3. A pre-groove that forms a track for following a light beam, and an index mark that is formed by wobbling the pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove and that indicates a reference position for soft formatting. An index mark that has an optical recording medium having a pregroove including the index mark formed without interruption, detects the index mark based on a reflected beam from the optical recording medium, and outputs an index mark detection signal A detecting means, a formatting means for determining a reference position for soft formatting based on the index mark detection signal to perform soft formatting of the optical recording medium, and an optical recording medium when the optical head moves in the radial direction of the optical recording medium. from Based on the reflected beam, the light beam crosses the pre-groove to detect the crossing of the track, the track crossing detecting means, the counting means for counting the number of times of crossing the track, and the movement of the light beam based on the count value of the counting means. An optical recording / reproducing apparatus comprising: an optical head moving means for moving the optical head to a target track while calculating the number of tracks. 4. A first area in which information is recorded in advance and a second area in which information can be recorded / reproduced or erased, and a track for causing a light beam to follow is formed in the first area. It has a pre-groove and an information mark pre-recorded by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove, the pre-groove including the information mark is formed without interruption, and the second area Has a pre-groove that forms a track for following the light beam, and an index mark that is formed by wobbling this pre-groove or changing the width of the pre-groove to indicate the reference position of soft formatting, Uses an optical recording medium in which the pre-groove including the index mark is formed without interruption The information mark is read based on the reflected beam from the first area of the optical recording medium, the reproducing means for reproducing information, and the index mark is detected based on the reflected beam from the second area of the optical recording medium. An index mark detecting means for outputting an index mark detection signal, and a soft formatting reference position based on the index mark detection signal for determining a second position of the optical recording medium.
Formatting means for performing soft formatting of the area and when the optical head moves in the radial direction of the optical recording medium, the crossing of the track is detected by the light beam crossing the pre-groove based on the reflected beam from the optical recording medium. It has track crossing detection means, counting means for counting the number of times of track crossing, and optical head moving means for moving the optical head to a target track while calculating the number of moving tracks of the light beam based on the count value of the counting means. An optical recording / reproducing device characterized by the above.