JPH0912386A - Solid organic waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] High-speed, high-degradation, solid organic waste that performs good fermentation treatment for a long period of time without periodically exchanging all of the base materials or adding fresh base materials at any time. The processing device is provided. [Structure] A fermentation tank 1 for removing excess water of a base material and a processed material and granulation of agglomerates is arranged in parallel, and a part of the processed material is a fermentation tank 1 and a base material. It is formed so as to circulate between the regeneration tanks 15. [Effects] Excess water is removed in the base material regenerating tank 15, and the agglomerates are reduced into particles, so that the base material is regenerated to its original state of good air permeability and water retention. This allows
A good fermentation process is performed over a long period of time without the need to periodically exchange all the base materials or to add additional fresh base materials at any time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating solid organic waste, in particular, aerobically fermenting solid organic waste such as kitchen waste, kitchen waste, food manufacturing waste, and biomass. The present invention relates to a solid organic waste treatment device which can be widely applied to household, business, public, and industrial purposes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, most of solid organic wastes such as agricultural wastes and sewage sludge are composted naturally by maintaining unloaded condition for a long time without active management. Has been done in. However, in recent years, the aerobic fermentation treatment of solid organic waste, that is, the technology related to composting (composting) is not only a pollution-free treatment method, but also enables reuse technology and natural reduction of waste. The technology to do so is beginning to be reviewed.

In particular, for so-called kitchen garbage, it is desired to develop a processing device capable of fermenting with high speed and high decomposition, which solves odor pollution, as the livestock industry, which has been a large consumer of leftover food, switches to synthetic feed. Came to.

On the other hand, a technique for speeding up fermentation by partially controlling the stirring or oxygen supply using a fermentation apparatus is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 55-121992 and 57-160986. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-17018
No. 3, JP 60-131888 A, JP 1
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 145388.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the treatment apparatus disclosed above, physical properties such as air permeability and water retention of the tank contents are changed during long-term treatment, and fermentation performance is deteriorated. In order to replenish the fermentation performance, it was necessary to periodically replace all the base materials or to add fresh base materials as needed.

[0006]

A treatment device for aerobically fermenting a solid organic waste of the present invention is a fermentation tank for agitating, fermenting and drying a substrate, a fermenting bacterium, and an object to be treated, The base material, fermenting bacteria, and a base material regeneration tank for crushing the material to be treated and removing excess water are arranged in parallel, and a part of the base material and the treated material is between the fermentation tank and the base material regeneration tank. Basically, it has a configuration of circulating.

[0007]

[Function] When the solid organic waste is put into the fermenter in which the base material and the fermenting bacterium are preliminarily charged, the base material and the fermenting bacterium are mixed with the solid organic waste as the stirring shaft rotates, and the base material is mixed at the time of stirring. The air is supplied to the fermenting bacteria.

[0008] A part of the processed material in the fermenter is pushed up by the stirring arm into the base material regenerating tank arranged in parallel with the fermenter and flows through the connecting portion. The treated product moves in the base material regenerating tank while being stirred by the stirring arm, falls from the base material regenerating tank through the connecting portion, and returns to the fermenting tank again. By repeating this cycle, a humic substance, which is one of the final products as compost, is formed in which the composting reaction of the object to be processed proceeds and the decomposition does not proceed any further. This humic substance does not dissolve in water and has good physical properties such as air permeability, so that the treated product becomes a base material for continuing good fermentation, and it is regenerated one after another without adding new additives. .

When the humic substance is accumulated at a certain level or more, a part of the treated material is discharged from the discharge port provided at one end of the substrate regenerating tank and stored in the stocker provided in the processing apparatus.

[0010]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a top view of the processing apparatus of the present invention with the upper housing removed, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the processing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the driving motor side with the horizontal housing removed. It is a figure.

In the processing apparatus, a fermenter 1, a substrate regenerating tank 15, a driving means, etc. are arranged in a housing 50. In the fermenter 1, a first stirring shaft 2 is arranged so as to penetrate through the center thereof. A plurality of stirring arms 3 for stirring are radially provided and fixed to the first stirring shaft 2 at predetermined intervals. A large sprocket 4 is fixed to one end of the stirring shaft 2 penetrating the fermenter 1, and is rotatably connected to a drive motor 7 via a chain 5 and a small sprocket 6.

A heater (not shown) is provided as a heating means on the outer wall of the bottom of the fermenter 1. And fermenter 1
The leftover rice, food waste, and other solid organic wastes put inside are kept at a temperature at which they can be fermented efficiently and sufficiently. The housing 50 at the top of the fermenter 1 is provided with a waste inlet 8, and an inlet door 55 is arranged so as to be openable and closable. In addition, the bottom of the fermenter 1 is filled with a predetermined amount of base material and fermenting bacteria in advance.
Further, a dividing plate 25 that partitions the inside of the fermenter 1 is arranged orthogonal to the first stirring shaft 2.

The dividing plate 25 for dividing the fermenter 1 has a height dimension such that the side of the base material regenerating tank 15 is high and the height of the high wall portion 25b, and the side wall side of the fermenter 1 from the stirring shaft 2 is low and the height of the low wall portion 23a is small. Has been formed. The base material and the object to be treated in the fermenter 1 are divided plates 2
5 moves from the lower side wall side 25a.

A suction port 9 for sucking water vapor generated from the fermenter 1 is arranged at a position above the fermenter 1 and at a position where it does not interfere with the rotating stirring arm 3. A suction pipe 10 is attached to the suction port 9.
The other end of the suction pipe 10 is connected to a dehumidifying device 11 arranged outside the processing tank for condensing water vapor.

The dehumidifying device 11 is provided with a blower fan 12 for blowing outside air, a circulation fan 13 for circulating the vapor in the processing tank into the dehumidifying device 11, a drain pipe 14 for discharging condensed water to the outside of the device. Has been.

A substrate regenerating tank 15 is arranged in parallel with the fermenting tank 1. The base material regenerating tank 15 has a stirring shaft (second stirring shaft) 16 arranged at the center thereof. Second of the substrate recycling tank 15
The stirring shaft 16 of is substantially parallel to the first stirring shaft 2 of the fermenter 1, and the disposition position is at the same height as the shaft center of the first stirring shaft 2 or slightly higher than the first stirring shaft 2. Place in position. A plurality of agitating arms 17 for reducing the size of the agglomerate are radially provided and fixed to the second agitating shaft 16 at predetermined intervals. A small sprocket 18 is fixed to one end of the second stirring shaft 16 that penetrates the base material regenerating tank 15, and
9, connected to a driving motor 7 of the fermenter 1 via a small sprocket 20. That is, the second stirring shaft 16 of the base material regenerating tank 15 and the first stirring shaft 2 of the fermentation tank 1 are rotationally driven by the same drive motor 7.

The rotation diameter of the stirring arm 17 of the base material regenerating tank 15 is shorter than the rotation diameter of the stirring arm 3 of the fermentation tank 1. The bottoms of the tanks 1 and 15 are the stirring arms 3 and 1, respectively.
It is formed along a rotation orbit of 7. That is, fermenter 1
Has a circular arc shape whose radius is substantially equal to the length dimension of the stirring arm 3, and the bottom surface of the substrate regenerating tank 15 is circular arc shape whose radial dimension is the length dimension of the stirring arm 17. When the fermentation tank 1 and the base material recycling tank 15 are connected in parallel, the base material recycling tank 15
A gap 60 is formed in the lower part of the. A partition member 27 is arranged at the boundary between the fermentation tank 1 and the base material recycling tank 15.

FIG. 4 is a partition member 27 from the direction of arrow P in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a dividing plate 2 from the direction of arrow Q in FIG.
It is a figure which shows 5. The partition member 27 that divides the fermentation tank 1 and the base material recycling tank 15 has a height dimension of the partition member 27 that is lower at both axial ends 27a of the base material recycling tank 15 and that the central portion 27
It is formed high in b. Then, the base material and the processed material in the apparatus pass through the low wall portion 27a of the partition member 27 as a connecting portion, move from the fermentation tank 1 to the base material regenerating tank 15, and from the base material regenerating tank 15 to the fermenting tank 1. The circulation of is done.

A heater 22 as heating means is arranged on the outer wall of the base material regenerating tank 15. Then, the base material and the processed product that have flowed into the base material regenerating tank 15 are heated by the heater 22 to remove excess water, and at the same time, the stirring arm 1
The lumps are pulverized by 7 and are regenerated to have a good breathability and water retention.

FIG. 6 shows the second stirring shaft 1 of the base material regenerating tank 15.
In the perspective view showing 6 and the stirring arm 17, the stirring arm 17 is attached such that the adjacent stirring arms 17 are sequentially shifted by a constant angle in the rotation direction of the second stirring shaft 16 or the opposite direction. The object to be processed is conveyed to the stirring arm 17 which is sequentially displaced and moved to the downstream side.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the processing apparatus as seen from the side of the stocker arranged on the side opposite to the side surface shown in FIG. A discharge port 23 for discharging the processed product is formed in the side wall of the base material recycling tank 15, and a stocker 24 for storing the discharged processed product is provided in a housing 50 of the processing apparatus. The humus treated material is guided to the discharge cylinder 21 and stored in the stocker 24. In the processing apparatus configured as described above, the capacity ratio between the fermenter 1 and the base material regenerator 15 is determined as follows.

Volume of fermenter 1 R1 = (rotating diameter of stirring arm 3) ² x length of stirring shaft 2 (tank length)

Capacity of base material recycling tank 15 R15 = (stirring arm 1
Rotating diameter of 7) ² x length of stirring shaft 16 (tank length),

R1: R15 = 1: 0.03 to 0.3. Further, the amounts of the base material and the fermenting bacteria to be put in the fermentation tank in advance are determined as follows.

When the maximum treatment weight of the solid organic waste per day in the treatment equipment is 1, the total weight of the base material and the fermenting bacterium is in the range of 4-14.

When the solid organic waste is put into the fermenter 1 in which the base material and the fermenting bacteria which are 4 to 14 times the maximum throughput per day are charged in advance, the solid organic waste is rotated along with the rotation of the first stirring shaft 2. The waste material is crushed by the stirring arm 3, the base material and the fermenting bacteria are mixed, and when the stirring arm 3 is stirring, the base material,
Air is supplied to the fermenting bacteria. It should be noted that the solid organic waste to be put into the fermenter 1 may remain large, but if it is desired to process it in a shorter time, especially if there is a large amount of large solid organic waste and it is desired to process it in a short time, it should be small in advance. The crushed material may be added so that it does not need to be crushed or need not be crushed too much. Moreover, if the solid organic waste to be put into the fermenter 1 is always crushed into small pieces before being put in, the strength of the first stirring shaft 2 and the stirring arm 3 can be reduced, and the driving motor 7 can be used. It can be of low power.

Further, by providing means such as an electric heater in the fermenter 1 to heat and keep the base material and the fermenting bacteria warm, the fermenter 1 is combined with the water content of the charged solid organic waste itself, so that , The three elements for the fermentation of air are met and the fermentation begins.

Next, steam is generated from the solid organic waste in the course of fermentation and heating. The water vapor is sent by a circulation fan 13 to a dehumidifying device (heat exchanger) 11 provided outside the tank through a suction pipe 9 connected to the fermentation tank 1. Further, in the heat exchanger, heat is exchanged with low-temperature outside air by the blower fan 12, whereby the water vapor is condensed into a liquid and discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 14 to the outside of the apparatus.

A part of the material to be treated in the fermenter 1 is
In the base material regenerating tank 15 arranged in parallel with the low wall portion 27a
Flows through. The material to be treated that has flowed in is the base material recycling tank 1
It moves in 5 while being stirred by the stirring arm 17, falls from the lower wall portion 27a of the base material recycling tank 15, and returns to the inside of the fermentation tank 1 again. By repeating this, the object to be treated is fermenter 1
And the base material recycling tank 15.

Since the fermenter 1 and the base material regenerating tank 15 are provided with heating means, excess water is generated in the process in which the material to be treated flows in the fermenter 1 and the base material regenerating tank 15 while circulating. As it evaporates, the lumps are crushed and made into smaller particles.
Humus, which is one of the final products of compost, is formed in which the composting reaction progresses as fermentation is repeated while circulating in the apparatus, and decomposition does not proceed any further. Humus is a material that does not dissolve in water and has good physical properties such as breathability, so that the treated material serves as a base material for continuing good fermentation, and it is regenerated one after another without adding new additives. It

When the humus is accumulated above a certain level, a part of the processed material is discharged from the discharge port 23 provided at one end of the base material recycling tank 15, and the stocker 2 provided in the processing apparatus.
4 is stored inside.

When a high oil content animal residue, which is said to be difficult to ferment, is continuously charged into the treatment apparatus thus formed, the amount of humic substances discharged relative to the weight of waste input is reduced. The rate became 1/10. Moreover, the result that the base material is hardly deteriorated is obtained.

Second Embodiment FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view showing a second embodiment of the processing apparatus, FIG.
[Fig. 4] is a plan view seen from the side of the substrate recycling tank. Members having the same configurations as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. The fermenter 1 is divided by a dividing plate 25 to form a first fermenter 1A and a second fermenter 1B. A first stirring shaft 2A is provided in the first fermentation tank 1A, and a second stirring shaft 2B is provided in the second fermentation tank 1B. Further, a first drive motor 7A for driving the first agitation shaft 2A is provided and connected by a sprocket or the like. Further, a second drive motor 7B for driving the second stirring shaft 2B is provided, and is connected by a sprocket or the like. The first agitation shaft 2A and the second agitation shaft 2B are driven so as to rotate in directions opposite to each other across the dividing plate 25 of the fermenter.

The stirring shaft 16 provided in the base material regenerating tank 15 is driven by the driving motor 7A of the first stirring shaft 2A of the first fermentation tank 1A.

In the apparatus thus formed, the stirring shaft 16 of the substrate regenerating tank 15 and the first stirring shaft 2A of the first fermentation tank 1A rotate in the same direction, so that The agitation shaft 2A acts to scrape off the base material and the processed material dropped from the base material regenerating tank 15. Since the second stirring shaft 2B of the second fermentation tank 1B rotates in the opposite direction to the stirring shaft first 2A, the rotation of the second stirring shaft 2B of the fermentation tank 1B is the same as that of the second fermentation tank 1B.
It acts to scrape the base material and the treated product into the base material regenerating tank 15. This enables a smooth flow of the base material and the treated material in the fermenter and in the base material regenerating tank.

On the agitating shaft 16 of the base material regenerating tank 15, the spiral plate 2 having a projecting dimension approximately similar to the projecting dimension of the stirring arm 17 is provided.
6 are arranged in a spiral shape. As a result, the movement of the base material and the processed material in the base material regenerating tank 15 becomes even smoother. The heat exchange device 11 is arranged in the gap 60 below the base material regenerating tank 15. By disposing the heat exchange device 11 in the longitudinal direction thereof in the axial direction of the substrate regenerating tank 15, the size of the processing device in the axial direction can be made compact.

Further, a gap 60 on the lower side of the base material recycling tank 15
Adjacent to the heat exchange device 11, the stirring shaft 2A of the fermenter 1,
Drive motors 7A and 7B for driving 2B are provided. By utilizing the gap 60 on the lower side of the substrate regenerating tank 15 in this way, downsizing of the processing apparatus can be achieved.

[0038]

As described above, in the solid organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the base material and the treated material that have flowed into the fermentation tank and the base material regeneration tank are fermented by being stirred and heated. Excess water is removed, and at the same time, the agglomerates are reduced in size to be regenerated into the original good breathability and good water retention.

Further, the base material is regenerated one after another from the compost produced by itself, without adding a new additive. Then, during the long-term treatment, good fermentation is maintained without changing physical properties such as air permeability and water retention of the tank contents. Therefore, it is possible to provide a processing apparatus that is easy to manage without the need to regularly replace all the base materials or to add additional fresh base materials as needed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view of an apparatus for treating solid organic waste according to the present invention, in which an upper housing is removed.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a solid organic waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the partition member viewed from the P direction in FIG.

5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the division plate viewed from the Q direction in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a structure of a stirring shaft and a stirring arm of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fermenter 2 Stirring shaft 3 Stirring arm 7 Motor 8 Input port 11 Heat exchange device 15 Base material reclaiming tank 16 Stirring shaft 17 Stirring arm 22 Heater 23 Discharge port 24 Stocker 25 Dividing plate 25a Low wall part 25b High wall part 27 Partition member 27a Low wall part 27b High wall part 60 Gap

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Kazuo Ioka 800 Tomita, Ohira-cho, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Prefecture

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A processing apparatus for composting solid organic waste by crushing, fermenting, and drying to obtain humus, which has means for stirring and fermenting an object to be treated, a base material, a fermenting bacterium, and a solid organic matter. A fermentation tank with a waste input port, a means for stirring / fermenting / drying the object to be treated, and a base material recycling tank with a discharge port for the processed material are provided on the downstream side. The material regenerating tanks are arranged in parallel, and a connecting part that connects the fermenting tank and the base material regenerating tank is provided, and the base material, the fermenting bacteria, and the object to be treated are connected to each other through the connecting portion. A solid organic waste treatment device configured to circulate. 2. The solid organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the stirring means of the fermentation tank and the substrate regenerating tank has a stirring shaft projecting a stirring arm, and the rotation of the stirring shaft crushes the solid organic waste. Processing equipment. 3. A partition plate, in which a low wall portion having a low plate height is formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction, is provided at a boundary portion between the fermentation tank and the substrate regenerating tank, and the low wall portion is provided with the fermentation tank and the substrate material. The solid organic waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the solid organic waste treatment device is used as a communication part with the regeneration tank. 4. The solid organic waste according to claim 2, wherein the agitating arms projecting from the agitating shaft of the substrate recycling tank are arranged such that adjacent agitating arms are sequentially displaced by a certain angle in the rotational direction of the agitating shaft. Processing equipment. 5. The apparatus for treating solid organic waste according to claim 2, wherein the stirring shaft of the substrate recycling tank has a stirring arm projectingly provided and a spiral plate spirally arranged in the rotation direction. 6. The apparatus for treating solid organic waste according to claim 2, wherein the stirring shaft of the base material regenerating tank and the stirring shaft of the fermentation tank are driven by the same driving motor. 7. The rotation diameter of the stirring arm of the base material regenerating tank is made shorter than the rotation diameter of the stirring arm of the fermentation tank, and the bottoms of the fermentation tank and the base material regenerating tank are along the orbit of the stirring arm. The solid organic waste treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the solid organic waste treatment device is disposed. 8. The stirring shaft of the base material regenerating tank and the stirring shaft of the fermentation tank are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and the shaft center of the stirring shaft of the base material reproducing tank is the same as the height of the shaft center of the stirring shaft of the fermentation tank. 3. The solid organic waste treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the solid organic waste is disposed at a height or higher than the axis of the stirring shaft of the fermentation tank, and a gap is formed in the lower portion of the base material recycling tank. 9. The ratio of the fermentation tank to the base material regenerating tank expressed by {(rotating diameter of stirring arm) ² × (tank length)}, where the value of the fermenting tank is 1, The treatment apparatus for solid organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation tank and the substrate regenerating tank are formed so that the value is within the range of 0.03 to 0.3. 10. The total weight of the base material and the fermenting bacteria to be put in the fermenter in advance is within a range of 4 to 14 times the maximum treated weight of the solid organic waste per day in the treatment equipment. Solid organic waste treatment equipment. 11. The apparatus for treating solid organic waste according to claim 4, wherein a heat exchange device is provided in a gap below the base material recycling tank. 12. The solid organic waste according to claim 4, wherein a driving motor for driving the stirring shaft of the fermentation tank and the stirring shaft of the substrate recycling tank is arranged in a gap below the substrate recycling tank. Processing equipment. 13. The fermenter comprises a first fermenter having a first stirring shaft and a second fermenter having a second stirring shaft in which a partition plate orthogonal to a partition member for separating the base material regenerating tank is provided. A motor for driving the first stirring shaft and a motor for driving the second stirring shaft are provided, and the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft are configured to rotate in directions opposite to each other. The solid organic waste treatment device described. 14. The split plate of the fermentation tank has a high plate height portion and a low plate height portion, and the high plate height portion is disposed on the side of the base material regenerating tank. Solid organic waste treatment equipment.