JPH09144484A - Cutter head device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: It is possible to offset a disc cutter even in the vicinity of the central portion of a face plate on which the disc cutters are densely arranged, without interfering with other disc cutters or ribs. The unbalanced load acting is reduced to improve the life. SOLUTION: The maximum outer diameter of a disc cutter 3 arranged near the central portion of a face plate 2 is made smaller than the maximum outer diameter of a disc cutter 4 in the peripheral portion, and a rotation center axis of the disc cutter 3 having this small outer diameter. On the other hand, the disc cutter 3 is arranged so that the rotation center axis 2a of the face plate 2 is located on the side of the traveling direction of the disc cutter 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutter head device, and more particularly to a cutter head device which is provided at a front portion of a tunnel excavator and rotatably supports a plurality of disk cutters.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a tunnel excavator in which a cutter head device is rotatably provided at a front portion of a excavator body,
As this cutter head device, one having a structure in which a plurality of disk cutters are rotatably supported on the front surface of a face plate is known.

A front view of a conventional cutter head device of this type is illustrated in FIG. In FIG. 10, the face plate 1
Disk cutter 10 rotatably supported on the front surface of 01
2 is arranged so that the rotation center axis 103 of the disk cutter 102 intersects with the rotation center axis 104 of the face plate 101. These disc cutters 102 are face plates 1
The face is excavated while rotating with the rotation of 01.

[0004]

However, in the arrangement of the disc cutter 102 shown in FIG. 10, a lateral load acts on the disc cutter 102 and the disc cutter 102 slides relatively to the face rock. There was a phenomenon to do. This phenomenon will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 11, when the disc cutter 102 advances in the direction of arrow Q as the face plate 101 rotates about the center axis of rotation 104 in the direction of arrow P, the front half of the disc cutter 102 is indicated by the arrow. As shown by R, it tries to go inside the face plate 101, and the second half part tries to go out of the face plate 101 as shown by arrow S. Therefore, the front half of the disc cutter 102 receives a lateral load from the inner peripheral side, and the rear half of the disk cutter 102 receives a lateral load from the outer peripheral side.

[0006] However, the front half of the disk cutter 102 (hatched portion T) is in contact with the ground to be excavated and excavates the ground, but the second half is already in the disk cutter 102.
The first half of the slab travels in the excavated trench and is in a state where it hardly contacts the natural ground. Therefore, the front half of the disc cutter 102 receives a larger lateral load than the inner peripheral side, whereas the latter half receives almost no lateral load, and the lateral load distribution in the disc cutter 102 is shown on the right side of FIG. As shown in the diagram, the distribution gradually increases toward the front. As described above, during excavation, a larger unbalanced load acts on the front half of the disc cutter 102 than on the inner peripheral side, and as a result, the life of the bearing portion of the disc cutter 102 becomes short.

Further, since the disc cutter 102 is twisted by the natural ground while receiving a large lateral load from the inner peripheral side as described above, a relative side slippage occurs between the cutting edge of the disc cutter 102 and the natural ground. There is also a problem in that the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the disc cutter 102 are not evenly worn, and so-called one-sided slip occurs.

Such a phenomenon is remarkable especially in the disk cutter 102 mounted near the center of the face plate 101 and having a large amount of wear per unit rolling distance, and the life of the disk cutter near the center is shortened. ing.

In order to solve such a problem, the present applicant acts on the disc cutter by arranging the rotation center axis of the disc cutter offset (shifted) from the rotation center axis of the face plate. A cutter head device capable of reducing an unbalanced load has already been proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-180476). According to this prior invention, the lateral load applied to the inside of the disc cutter is reduced, and
The lateral load can be balanced between the inner side and the outer side, which makes it possible to improve the life of the disc cutter.

However, when it is attempted to offset the disk cutter based on the invention of this prior application,
In particular, in the case of a disc cutter that is mounted near the center of a face plate that has a large offset effect, a large number of disc cutters are densely arranged on the periphery and there are also rib members for reinforcement, and it is sufficient to move this disc cutter. There is a new problem in that it cannot secure a large space.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention allows a disc cutter to be installed without interfering with other disc cutters or ribs even in the vicinity of the central portion of the face plate where the disc cutters are densely arranged. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutter head device which can be arranged in an offset manner, whereby an unbalanced load acting on a disk cutter can be reduced and the life can be improved.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the cutter head device according to the present invention is a cutter head device in which a plurality of disk cutters are rotatably supported on the front surface of a face plate. At least 1
The maximum outer diameter of each disk cutter is made smaller than the maximum outer diameter of other disk cutters, and the rotation center axis of the face plate advances with respect to the rotation center axis of the disk cutter having this small outer diameter. The disk cutter is arranged so as to come to the direction side.

According to the present invention, since the maximum outer diameter of at least one disc cutter is smaller than the maximum outer diameters of other disc cutters, a disc cutter having a large outer diameter is mounted without being offset. It is possible to offset the disk cutter with a small outer diameter within the range. Therefore, even in the vicinity of the central axis of rotation of the face plate on which the disc cutters are densely arranged, the disc cutters can be arranged offset without interfering with other disc cutters or ribs. Thus, the lateral load applied to the inner side of the disc cutter is reduced, and the lateral load is substantially balanced between the inner side and the outer side, and as a result, the life of the disc cutter can be increased. In addition, by reducing the maximum outer diameter of the disc cutter, it is possible to reduce the relative slip between the disc cutter and the ground especially near the rotation center axis of the face plate, which also increases the life of the disc cutter. Can be expected.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the margin of the tip of the disc cutter having the small outer diameter from the face plate is the same as the margin of the tip of the other disc cutter.
By doing so, the flow of excavation shear between the face plate and the face can be improved, and damage to the face plate due to the sandwiching of the excavation shear can be suppressed.

Further, it is preferable that the maximum outer diameter of the disc cutter is reduced by reducing only the cutter ring outer diameter of the disc cutter having the small outer diameter. By thus obtaining the disk cutter having a small outer diameter by exchanging only the cutter ring, the hub portion can be shared and the cost can be reduced. Also, since the same bearing as the large diameter can be used as the bearing in this small diameter disc cutter, the allowable load of the disc cutter will be the same, and there is a concern that the bearing will be damaged earlier than when the hub is made smaller. Since there is no need to excavate by adjusting the thrust, the excavation speed does not decrease.

Further, in order to mount the disc cutter on the face plate, a mounting case fixed to the face plate is made common regardless of the outer diameter of the disc cutter, and the disc cutter is supported to mount the disc cutter on the mounting case. It is preferable to use a disc cutter support frame for mounting, which has a different size depending on the outer diameter of the disc cutter.

When the mounting case is made common regardless of the outer diameter of the disk cutter in this way, it is usually possible to offset the small-diameter disk cutter with the mounting case mounted by welding on the face plate as it is. That is, it is possible to perform both the offset placement of the small-diameter disk cutter and the placement of the large-diameter (normal diameter) disk cutter without offsetting, using the common mounting case. Therefore, both of them can be used properly according to the excavation condition or the excavation condition. If the lateral load or skid of the disc cutter is a problem, the offset arrangement is effective. If these are not a problem, it is better to increase the outer diameter of the disc cutter to improve the life. . On the other hand, if an offset-dedicated mounting case is made and mounted on the face plate, the mounting case cannot be replaced even if the offset arrangement is not desirable for some reason.

Further, it is preferable to prepare a plurality of types of disc cutter support frames for mounting on the mounting case so that the offset amount can be changed according to the situation. By making the offset amount variable in this way, the offset amount can be set to an optimum value according to the excavation conditions. Generally, when the cutting depth is large, the offset amount should be large, and when the cutting depth is small, the offset amount should be small.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a concrete embodiment of a cutter head device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

A front view of a cutter head device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.

The cutter head device 1 of this embodiment is rotatably provided at the front portion of a main body of an excavator (not shown), and has a substantially disk-shaped face plate 2 with its peripheral portion bent backward.
And a plurality of disc cutters 3 and 4 rotatably supported on the front surface of the face plate 2, and the disc cutters 3 and 4 rotate while the face plate 2 rotates in the direction of arrow A. It is configured to drill a face.

Of the disk cutters 3 and 4, peripheral disk cutters 4 except for the disk cutter 3 mounted near the central portion of the face plate 2, the rotation center axis 4a of the disk cutter 4 is the rotation center of the face plate 2. It is arranged so as to intersect with the shaft 2a. On the other hand, the disc cutter 3 mounted near the central portion of the face plate 2 is, as shown in FIG.
The center axis 2a of rotation of the face plate 2 is arranged so as to be on the side of the disc cutter 3 in the traveling direction by the offset amount α.

More specifically, the positional relationship between the rotation center axis 3a of the disc cutter 3 and the rotation center axis 2a of the face plate 2 is defined as follows. That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the face plate 2 rotates in the direction of arrow A, the rotation axis vector (taken in the direction of the right-hand screw) when the disk cutter 3 contacts the ground excavated and rotates. Is the central axis vector of the face plate 2 (taken from the machine side toward the face)
And C is a vector orthogonal to both the rotation axis vector B of the disc cutter 3 and the center axis vector C of the face plate 2 and directed from the rotation center axis 2a of the face plate 2 to the rotation center axis 3a of the disc cutter 3 by E. When doing, the disc is made so that the inner product F · C (= (E × B) · C) of the outer product F (= E × B) of the vector E and the vector B and the central axis vector C of the face plate 2 becomes a positive value. The rotation center shaft 3a of the cutter 3 is arranged.

In order to realize such an offset arrangement of the disc cutter 3, in the present embodiment, the disc cutter is attached to the mounting case (which is commonly used when the offset arrangement is not used) 5 fixed to the face plate 2 by welding. The disc cutter 3 having a smaller maximum outer diameter than the disc cutter 4 in the peripheral portion is attached via the support frame 6. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the center line I of the semicircular notch 6b formed in the support plate 6a of the disc cutter support frame 6 (which coincides with the rotation center axis 3a of the disc cutter 3). ) Is the center line J of the support plate 6a
A disc cutter support frame 6 is used which is set so as to deviate in a predetermined direction by an offset amount α (corresponding to a straight line passing through the rotation center axis 2a of the face plate 2). Thus, the disc cutter 3 mounted near the center of the face plate 2 is
The center axis of rotation 2a of the face plate 2 is arranged so as to be offset by the offset amount α in the direction of travel of the disc cutter 3. It should be noted that this offset amount α takes a value that is approximately half or less of the maximum outer diameter difference between the peripheral disk cutter 4 and the central disk cutter 3.

As another condition, the allowance from the face plate 2 at the tip of the large-diameter disc cutter 4 and the allowance K from the face plate 2 at the tip of the small-diameter disc cutter 3 (see FIG. 2) are equal. In other words, the center of the small-diameter disc cutter 3 is moved forward by a predetermined distance (the distance corresponding to the difference between the two cutter-ring radii) with respect to the center of the large-diameter disc cutter 4 so that the disc is moved forward. The shape of the cutter support frame 6 is set. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the face plate 2 from being damaged by sandwiching the excavation shear between the face plate 2 and the face.

Further, in this embodiment, in order to make the maximum outer diameter of the disc cutter 3 near the central portion smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the disc cutter 4 in the peripheral portion, as shown in FIG. The same hub parts 3b and 4b are used,
Only the cutter ring 3c of the disc cutter 3 has a smaller outer diameter than the cutter ring 4c of the disc cutter 4. In this way, the hub portions 3b, 4b
Not only can the cost be reduced, but the same bearing 3d as the bearing 4d having a large diameter can be used. Therefore, the allowable loads of the disc cutters 3 and 4 are the same, and the hub portion is There is an advantage that there is no concern about early damage of the bearing 3d as compared with the case of reducing the size.

The disc cutter 3 is mounted on the mounting case 5 in the following manner (see FIG. 7).

First, the disc cutter 3 is mounted on the disc cutter supporting frame 6 by bolting it to the receiving and supporting plate 6a of the disc cutter supporting frame 6 via the holding plate 7 (see FIG. 2). Next, the integrated body of the disc cutter 3 and the disc cutter support frame 6 is fitted into the mounting case 5 from the back side of the face plate 2,
The flange portion 6c of the disc cutter support frame 6 and the lower surface of the mounting case 5 are bolted to fix the integrated body to the mounting case 5.

As described above, in this embodiment, the mounting case 5 is made common and the disc cutter supporting frame 6 is bolted to the mounting case 5, so that the disc cutter supporting frame 6 is of a different size. The offset amount α can be changed by appropriately changing to a different one. By making the offset amount α variable in this way, the offset amount α can be set to an optimum value according to excavation conditions.

In this embodiment, the mounting case 5 is fixed to the face plate 2 by welding, but as shown in FIG. 8, the mounting case 15 is fixed to the face plate 2 by bolting. Is also good. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 8, the disc cutter support frame 16 constituted by the V block is integrated with the mounting case 15 by welding, and the integrated body is fixed to the face plate 2 by the bolt 18 and the face plate 2 is attached. A disc cutter 3 having a small diameter is placed on the disc cutter support frame 16 from the front side (cutting face side) and is fixed to the disc cutter support frame 16 by a holding plate 17 and bolts 19.
FIG. 9 shows a state in which the disc cutter 14 having a normal diameter (large diameter) is attached by the same attachment structure as that shown in FIG. As is apparent from FIG. 9, when the disc cutters 14 having different diameters are mounted, a disc cutter supporting frame 16 ′ having a different shape and a mounting case 15 are prepared as one body, and the one body is formed by the bolt 18. To be fixed to the face plate 2.

In each of the embodiments described above, only the disk cutters mounted on the central portion of the face plate 2 are offset, but all the disk cutters may be offset.

When the disk cutters are arranged in an offset manner as in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the absolute value of the lateral load received by the disk cutters becomes smaller than that in the conventional disk cutters which are not arranged in an offset manner, and the lateral load is left and right of the disk cutters. It was confirmed to be balanced on both sides. In this case, by setting the offset amount α of the disc cutter to an appropriate value, it is possible to make the average value of the lateral load almost zero and also reduce the maximum value of the lateral load.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a cutter head device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed structural diagram of a disc cutter arranged near a central portion of a face plate, (a) is a front view,
(B) is a sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a disc cutter and a face plate central axis.

4 is a sectional view taken along line GG of FIG.

5A and 5B are views showing a disc cutter support frame, in which FIG. 5A is a front view and FIG. 5B is a side view.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a disc cutter.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a procedure for attaching a disc cutter.

8A and 8B are views showing a disc cutter mounting structure according to another embodiment, wherein FIG. 8A is a front view and FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along line LL in FIG. 8A.

9A and 9B are views showing a disk cutter mounting structure according to another embodiment, wherein FIG. 9A is a front view and FIG. 9B is a sectional view taken along line MM of FIG. 9A.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a conventional cutter head device.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a load applied to a disc cutter in a conventional cutter head device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Cutter Head Device 2 Face Plate 2a Face Plate Rotation Center Axis 3,4,14 Disc Cutter 3a Disc Cutter Rotation Center Axis 3b, 4b Hub Part 3c, 4c Cutter Ring 3d, 4d Bearing 5,15 Mounting Case 6,16 Disc Cutter Support frame 7,17 Presser plate α Offset amount B Disc cutter rotation axis vector C Cutter head center axis vector E E Face plate rotation center axis toward disc cutter rotation center axis F Vector E and vector B cross product K disk Allowance from face plate at the tip of the cutter

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cutter head device in which a plurality of disc cutters are rotatably supported on a front surface of a face plate, wherein at least one disc cutter has a maximum outer diameter smaller than that of another disc cutter. At the same time, the cutter head device is characterized in that the disk cutter is arranged so that the rotation center axis of the face plate is on the side of the direction of travel of the disk cutter with respect to the rotation center axis of the disk cutter having this small outer diameter. 2. The cutter head device according to claim 1, wherein the margin of the tip of the disc cutter having the small outer diameter from the face plate is the same as the margin of the tip of the other disc cutter. . 3. The cutter head device according to claim 1, wherein the maximum outer diameter of the disc cutter is reduced by reducing only the outer diameter of the cutter ring of the disc cutter having the small outer diameter. . 4. A mounting case fixed to the face plate for mounting the disc cutter to the face plate is made common regardless of the outer diameter of the disc cutter, and the disc cutter is supported on the mounting case. The cutter head device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the disc cutter support frame for attachment has different sizes depending on the outer diameter of the disc cutter.