JPH09145452A - Method and apparatus for measuring liquid level of molten material in furnace - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for measuring liquid level of molten material in furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09145452A JPH09145452A JP7304565A JP30456595A JPH09145452A JP H09145452 A JPH09145452 A JP H09145452A JP 7304565 A JP7304565 A JP 7304565A JP 30456595 A JP30456595 A JP 30456595A JP H09145452 A JPH09145452 A JP H09145452A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- wave
- liquid level
- reflected wave
- elastic wave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
Landscapes
- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【課題】 炉内の溶融物の液面レベルを、その液面が探
触子設置位置を通過する前後においても、高い分解能で
検出できる炉内溶融物の液面レベル測定方法を提供す
る。
【解決手段】 周囲を耐火物で覆われた炉(100) の外壁
から、炉内に向けて弾性波を放射し、その炉内壁面から
の反射波を受波して炉内溶融物(101) の液面レベルを測
定するにあたり、前記受波した反射波の波高と、前記炉
の高さ方向における前記反射波の受波位置と、前記反射
波の波高と炉内溶融物液面位置とに関して予め設定した
対応関係と、に基づいて前記液面レベルを算出する。
(57) 【Abstract】 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure the liquid level of a molten material in a furnace with high resolution even before and after the liquid level passes through a position where a probe is installed. Provide a way. SOLUTION: An elastic wave is radiated from the outer wall of a furnace (100) whose periphery is covered with a refractory material toward the inside of the furnace, and the reflected wave from the inner wall surface of the furnace is received to melt (101 ) In measuring the liquid level, the wave height of the received reflected wave, the receiving position of the reflected wave in the height direction of the furnace, the wave height of the reflected wave and the melt liquid level position in the furnace The liquid level is calculated on the basis of the correspondence relationship that is set in advance.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、高炉やその他の
冶金炉内における溶融物の液面レベルを測定する方法お
よびこの方法を実施するための測定装置に関するもので
ある。以下、説明の便宜上、高炉内の溶銑の液面レベル
の測定方法およびその測定装置を例にとって説明する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring the liquid level of a melt in a blast furnace or other metallurgical furnace, and a measuring device for carrying out this method. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, a method of measuring the liquid level of the hot metal in the blast furnace and a measuring apparatus therefor will be described as an example.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】高炉の操業に当たって、炉底湯溜まり部
における溶銑の液面レベル（以下、単に「溶銑レベル」
という）を検知（測定）することは、操業効率を向上さ
せる上で極めて重要である。特に、溶銑レベルが許容レ
ベルを越えて上昇した場合には、羽口送風圧の上昇など
炉況の不安定化につながり、ときには出銑・出滓不良や
溶滓の逆流といったトラブルを招くに至り多大な損失と
なる。このため、従来、炉操業の監視という点からも、
溶銑レベルを検知することが不可欠な作業であった。2. Description of the Related Art At the time of operating a blast furnace, the liquid level of the hot metal in the bottom pool of the furnace bottom (hereinafter referred to simply as "hot metal level").
It is extremely important to detect (measure) the above) in order to improve operational efficiency. In particular, if the hot metal level rises above the permissible level, it leads to instability of the furnace condition such as an increase in the tuyere blast pressure, and sometimes leads to problems such as hot metal / slag failure and backflow of molten slag. It will be a huge loss. Therefore, from the viewpoint of monitoring the furnace operation,
Detecting the level of hot metal was an essential task.
【０００３】このような高炉内の溶銑レベルを検知する
方法として、例えば、特開昭５２−１２７３５４号公報
には、炉壁に垂直探傷法超音波探触子を高さ方向に複数
個配置し、各探触子の受信する反射超音波のレベルを検
出することにより、炉内の溶銑レベルを測定するように
したものが開示されている。As a method for detecting the level of hot metal in the blast furnace, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-127354, a plurality of vertical flaw detection ultrasonic probes are arranged in the furnace wall in the height direction. , A method is disclosed in which the level of the hot metal in the furnace is measured by detecting the level of reflected ultrasonic waves received by each probe.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上述し
た従来の測定方法にあっては、炉壁の高さ方向に複数個
配置した超音波探触子のそれぞれのエコー信号の振幅を
単純に比較するか、あるいは各エコー信号にゲートをか
けて炉内壁からのエコー信号を取り出し、その抽出した
エコー信号を閾値と比較して２値化することにより、溶
銑あり・なしの情報を取り出して溶銑レベルを検出する
ようにしている。このため、高さ方向に複数個配置した
探触子の配置間隔と等しい測定分解能しか得られず、ま
た、閾値の設定によっても、溶銑面が探触子を配置して
いる高さを通過したことしか検知できないため、溶銑レ
ベルをきめ細かく検出することができないという問題が
あった。一方で、溶銑レベルをきめ細かく検出するため
には、多数の超音波探触子を炉壁の高さ方向に微少間隔
をもって配列する必要があり、装置のコスト高を招くと
いう別の問題があった。However, in the above-mentioned conventional measuring method, the amplitudes of the echo signals of the ultrasonic probes arranged in plural in the height direction of the furnace wall are simply compared. Alternatively, each echo signal is gated to extract the echo signal from the inner wall of the furnace, and the extracted echo signal is compared with a threshold value and binarized to extract information with and without hot metal to determine the hot metal level. I'm trying to detect. For this reason, only the measurement resolution equal to the arrangement interval of the plurality of probes arranged in the height direction can be obtained, and the hot metal surface passes the height at which the probe is arranged even by setting the threshold value. Since it is possible to detect only such things, there is a problem that the hot metal level cannot be detected in detail. On the other hand, in order to detect the hot metal level finely, it is necessary to arrange a large number of ultrasonic probes at a minute interval in the height direction of the furnace wall, which causes another problem of increasing the cost of the device. .
【０００５】この発明は、従来技術が抱える上述した問
題点に鑑みその解決のために開発されたものであって、
その第１の目的は、炉内の溶融物の液面レベルを、単一
の探触子を用い、その液面が探触子設置位置を通過する
前後の領域についても、高い分解能で検出できる炉内溶
融物の液面レベル測定方法を提供することにある。The present invention was developed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and
The first purpose is to detect the liquid level of the melt in the furnace with a high resolution even in a region before and after the liquid level passes through the position where the probe is installed using a single probe. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for measuring a liquid level of a melt in a furnace.
【０００６】さらに、この発明の第２の目的は、かかる
炉内溶融物の液面レベル測定を、単一の探触子を用い
て、簡単かつ安価に実施できるように構成した炉内溶融
物の液面レベル測定装置を提供することにある。Further, a second object of the present invention is to measure the liquid level of the in-furnace melt in such a manner that the melt level in the furnace can be easily and inexpensively measured using a single probe. Another object is to provide a liquid level measuring device.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記第１の目的を達成す
るため、この発明は、周囲を耐火物で覆われた炉の外壁
から、炉内に向けて弾性波を放射し、その炉内壁面から
の反射波を受波して炉内溶融物の液面レベルを測定する
にあたり、前記受波した反射波の波高と、前記炉の高さ
方向における前記反射波の受波位置と、前記反射波の波
高と炉内溶融物液面位置とに関して予め設定した対応関
係と、に基づいて前記液面レベルを算出することを特徴
とするものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned first object, the present invention radiates elastic waves toward the inside of the furnace from the outer wall of the furnace whose periphery is covered with refractory material, and In measuring the liquid level of the molten material in the furnace by receiving the reflected wave from the wall surface, the wave height of the received reflected wave, the receiving position of the reflected wave in the height direction of the furnace, and It is characterized in that the liquid level is calculated based on a preset correspondence relationship between the wave height of the reflected wave and the liquid level position of the melt in the furnace.
【０００８】この発明の好ましい一実施形態は、前記弾
性波が放射されてから、前記反射波が受波されるまでの
反射波到達時間ｔを検出し、この検出した反射波到達時
間ｔと、予め設定した到達時間の基準値ｔ0 との比ｔ／
ｔ0 に基づいて、前記の算出された液面レベルを補正す
る方法である。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a reflected wave arrival time t from the emission of the elastic wave to the reception of the reflected wave is detected, and the detected reflected wave arrival time t and The ratio t / of the preset arrival time to the reference value t 0
This is a method of correcting the calculated liquid surface level based on t 0 .
【０００９】上記第２の目的を達成するため、この発明
の炉内溶融物の液面レベル測定装置は、周囲を耐火物で
覆われた炉の外壁から、炉内に向けて弾性波を放射して
反射波を受信し、その反射波のレベルにより炉内溶融物
の液面レベルを測定する装置であって、炉外壁に設置し
た弾性波送受信手段と、この弾性波送受信手段で受信さ
れる前記炉の内壁面からの反射波の波高を検出する波高
検出手段と、この波高検出手段で検出される波高、前記
弾性波送受信手段の設置高さおよび、予め設定した前記
反射波の波高と炉内溶融物液面位置との対応関係に基づ
いて、前記炉内溶融物の液面レベルを算出する演算手段
とを設けたことを特徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, the liquid level measuring device for in-furnace melt of the present invention radiates elastic waves toward the inside of the furnace from the outer wall of the furnace whose periphery is covered with refractory. A device for receiving the reflected wave and measuring the liquid surface level of the molten material in the furnace by the level of the reflected wave. The elastic wave transmitting / receiving means installed on the outer wall of the furnace and the elastic wave transmitting / receiving means Wave height detecting means for detecting the wave height of the reflected wave from the inner wall surface of the furnace, wave height detected by the wave height detecting means, installation height of the elastic wave transmitting / receiving means, and preset wave height of the reflected wave and furnace An arithmetic means for calculating the liquid level of the in-furnace melt on the basis of the correspondence relationship with the internal melt liquid level position is provided.
【００１０】上記発明の好ましい実施形態は、さらに、
前記弾性波送受信手段から弾性波が放射されてから、該
弾性波送受信手段で前記反射波が受信されるまでの反射
波到達時間ｔを検出する反射波到達時間検出手段を有
し、この反射波到達時間検出手段で検出した反射波到達
時間ｔと、予め設定した到達時間の基準値ｔ0 との比ｔ
／ｔ0 に基づいて、前記算出される液面レベルを補正す
るよう構成したものである。The preferred embodiment of the invention described above further comprises
There is a reflected wave arrival time detection means for detecting a reflected wave arrival time t from the emission of the elastic wave from the elastic wave transmission / reception means to the reception of the reflected wave by the elastic wave transmission / reception means. Ratio t of the reflected wave arrival time t detected by the arrival time detecting means and a preset arrival time reference value t 0
The calculated liquid level is corrected based on / t 0 .
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】先ず、図５を参照して、この発明
による炉内溶融物の液面レベルの測定原理について説明
する。図５に示すように、固体媒質よりなる炉１の外壁
に弾性波送受信子２を取り付け、該弾性波送受信子２か
ら炉内部に弾性波、例えば超音波、を放射してその反射
波を受信する場合、観測される受信波の波高値Ｖは、炉
１の高さ方向をｘとすると、BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION First, the principle of measuring the liquid level of the melt in the furnace according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, an elastic wave transmitter / receiver 2 is attached to an outer wall of a furnace 1 made of a solid medium, and an elastic wave, for example, an ultrasonic wave is radiated from the elastic wave transmitter / receiver 2 into the furnace to receive a reflected wave thereof. In this case, the peak value V of the observed received wave is x, where x is the height direction of the furnace 1.
【数１】 で表わされる。ここで、Ａは送受信機器の能率等で決ま
る定数、ｒ（ｘ）は炉１の壁内を伝播する弾性波が媒質
の境界面で反射する場合の反射率を表す関数、ｆ（ｘ）
は弾性波の波長および弾性波送受信子２の振動子径等で
決まる弾性波送受信の指向性を表す関数、ｈは弾性波送
受信子２の設置高さである。(Equation 1) Is represented by Here, A is a constant determined by the efficiency of the transmitter / receiver, r (x) is a function representing the reflectance when the elastic wave propagating in the wall of the furnace 1 is reflected at the boundary surface of the medium, and f (x)
Is a function indicating the directivity of elastic wave transmission / reception, which is determined by the wavelength of the elastic wave and the diameter of the oscillator of the elastic wave transceiver 2, and h is the installation height of the elastic wave transceiver 2.
【００１２】ここで、指向性関数ｆ（ｘ）は、弾性波送
受信子２から放射された弾性波のうち、炉１の内壁面で
反射して弾性波送受信子２で検出される成分の、各反射
位置ｘ毎の強度で、例えば図６に示すように表わされ
る。Here, the directivity function f (x) is a component of the elastic wave radiated from the elastic wave transmitter / receiver 2 which is reflected by the inner wall surface of the furnace 1 and detected by the elastic wave transmitter / receiver 2. The intensity for each reflection position x is represented as shown in FIG. 6, for example.
【００１３】また、良く知られているように、媒質の境
界面での弾性波振幅の反射率ｒは、境界面の両側の媒質
の音響的特性により決定され、例えば、図５に示すよう
に、炉１を構成する固体媒質の密度をρ0 、弾性波速度
をｃ0 とし、炉内の上側の媒質３の密度をρ1 、弾性波
速度をｃ1 とすると、固体媒質内を伝播してきた弾性波
が、該固体媒質と媒質３との境界面で反射する場合の弾
性波振幅の反射率ｒ1は、Also, as is well known, the reflectance r of the elastic wave amplitude at the boundary surface of the medium is determined by the acoustic characteristics of the medium on both sides of the boundary surface. For example, as shown in FIG. Assuming that the density of the solid medium forming the furnace 1 is ρ 0 , the elastic wave velocity is c 0, and the density of the upper medium 3 in the furnace is ρ 1 and the elastic wave velocity is c 1 , the solid medium propagates in the solid medium. The elastic wave amplitude reflectance r 1 when the elastic wave is reflected at the boundary surface between the solid medium and the medium 3 is
【数２】 で表わされる。(Equation 2) Is represented by
【００１４】同様に、炉内の下側の媒質４の密度を
ρ2 、弾性波速度をｃ2 とすると、固体媒質内を伝播し
てきた弾性波が、該固体媒質と媒質４との境界面で反射
する場合の弾性波振幅の反射率ｒ2 は、Similarly, when the density of the lower medium 4 in the furnace is ρ 2 and the elastic wave velocity is c 2 , the elastic wave propagating in the solid medium is at the boundary surface between the solid medium and the medium 4. The reflectance r 2 of the elastic wave amplitude when reflected by
【数３】 で表わされる。(Equation 3) Is represented by
【００１５】結局、媒質４の液面高さをｌとすると、式
（１）中の反射率関数ｒ（ｘ）は、After all, assuming that the liquid level of the medium 4 is l, the reflectance function r (x) in the equation (1) is
【数４】 と表わされる。(Equation 4) It is expressed as
【００１６】以上のことから、超音波送受信子２での受
信波の波高Ｖは、以下のように表される。From the above, the wave height V of the received wave at the ultrasonic wave transmitter / receiver 2 is expressed as follows.
【数５】 (Equation 5)
【００１７】すなわち、受信波の波高Ｖは、弾性波送受
信位置と液面レベルとの差のみを変数とする関数Ｆ
（ｘ）と、式（２）および（３）のようにして予め算出
できる反射率ｒ1 およびｒ2 と、予め設定可能な定数Ａ
とで表現されることになる。ここで、ｆ（ｘ）は、予め
実験的あるいは理論的に求めることができるので、Ｆ
（ｘ）をｆ（ｘ）と式（６）とによって定めておけば、
その逆関数Ｇ（ｘ）を用いて式（５）を変形した式、That is, the wave height V of the received wave is a function F whose variable is only the difference between the elastic wave transmitting / receiving position and the liquid level.
(X), reflectances r 1 and r 2 that can be calculated in advance as in equations (2) and (3), and a presettable constant A
Will be expressed as Here, since f (x) can be obtained in advance experimentally or theoretically, F (x)
If (x) is defined by f (x) and equation (6),
An expression obtained by modifying the expression (5) using the inverse function G (x),
【数６】 に基づいて、検出した受信波の波高Ｖから液面高さｌを
算出することができる。(Equation 6) Based on, the liquid level height 1 can be calculated from the detected wave height V of the received wave.
【００１８】また、炉１を長期間にわたって稼働させる
と、炉１の内壁から消耗し、壁の厚みｄが初期状態での
厚みｄ0 より次第に薄くなる場合がある。ここで、測定
に使用する弾性波の波長は、一般に、炉壁厚みに比べて
十分小さく、炉内壁においては遠距離音場領域内である
ことから、反射指向性ｆ（ｘ）の広がりは、炉壁の厚み
ｄに比例して小さくなる。このような炉壁の厚みｄの初
期厚みｄ0 に対する比は、弾性波の反射波の到達時間ｔ
と、その到達時間の初期値または基準値ｔ0 との比に等
しいので、ｆ（ｘ）の代わりに、ｆ（ｘ・ｔ0 ／ｔ）を
用いた式、When the furnace 1 is operated for a long period of time, the inner wall of the furnace 1 may be consumed, and the wall thickness d may become gradually thinner than the initial thickness d 0 . Here, the wavelength of the elastic wave used for the measurement is generally sufficiently smaller than the thickness of the furnace wall, and since the inner wall of the furnace is in the long-distance sound field region, the spread of the reflection directivity f (x) is It becomes smaller in proportion to the thickness d of the furnace wall. The ratio of the thickness d of the furnace wall to the initial thickness d 0 is determined by the arrival time t of the reflected wave of the elastic wave.
Is equal to the ratio of the arrival time to the initial value or the reference value t 0 , the expression using f (x · t 0 / t) instead of f (x),
【数７】 に基づいて、液面高さｌを算出すれば、炉壁厚みの減少
による影響を補正することが可能となる。(Equation 7) If the liquid level height 1 is calculated based on, it becomes possible to correct the influence of the decrease in the furnace wall thickness.
【００１９】なお、以上の説明では、同一素子で弾性波
送受信子２を構成するようにしたが、弾性波送信子と弾
性波受信子とを別々の素子で構成して、これらを並べて
配置してもよい。また、高炉のバンキング（長期休風）
などの著しく異なる液面レベルを測定するために、前記
弾性搬送受信子２を炉高方向に複数個設置して、それぞ
れのレベルで独立した測定装置を構成するようにしても
よい。In the above description, the elastic wave transmitter / receiver 2 is constituted by the same element, but the elastic wave transmitter and the elastic wave receiver are constituted by different elements and are arranged side by side. May be. In addition, blast furnace banking (long-term rest)
In order to measure the liquid level which is remarkably different from each other, a plurality of the elastic carrier receivers 2 may be installed in the furnace height direction, and an independent measuring device may be configured for each level.
【００２０】以下、図面を参照して、この発明の実施の
形態について説明する。図１は、この発明の第１実施形
態を示す模式図である。図１において、１００は耐火物
よりなる炉、１０１は炉内の溶融物、１１は弾性波送受
信子、１２は弾性波計測器、１３は波形処理回路、１４
は演算回路、１５は表示装置を示す。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 100 is a refractory furnace, 101 is a melt in the furnace, 11 is an elastic wave transceiver, 12 is an elastic wave measuring instrument, 13 is a waveform processing circuit, and 14 is a wave processing circuit.
Is an arithmetic circuit, and 15 is a display device.
【００２１】弾性波送受信子１１は、圧電材料の電気−
音響変換効果を利用したもので、好適には、数十ｋＨｚ
〜２００ｋＨｚ程度の弾性波を送受信する市販されてい
るものを用いる。この弾性波送受信子１１は、好適に
は、適当な弾性波結合材を介して炉壁のレンガ面に密着
して取り付ける。なお、この弾性波送受信子１１は、同
一の素子を後段の弾性波計測器１２において送信と受信
とに切り替えて用いるが、送信子と受信子とを別個に並
べて設置して、適当な弾性波計測器と組み合わせて用い
ても良い。The elastic wave transmitter / receiver 11 is made of piezoelectric material.
It utilizes the acoustic conversion effect, and is preferably several tens of kHz.
A commercially available one that transmits and receives elastic waves of about 200 kHz is used. The elastic wave transmitter / receiver 11 is preferably attached in close contact with the brick surface of the furnace wall via a suitable elastic wave coupling material. In this elastic wave transmitter / receiver 11, the same element is used by switching between transmission and reception in the elastic wave measuring device 12 in the subsequent stage. However, the transmitter and the receiver are separately arranged side by side, and an appropriate elastic wave is installed. It may be used in combination with a measuring instrument.
【００２２】弾性波計測器１２は、液面レベル監視頻度
に応じた時間間隔で弾性波送受信子１１に高電圧信号を
印加して弾性波を励起させると共に、弾性波送受信子１
１において電気信号に変換された受信弾性波の信号を適
当な範囲の電圧信号、例えば数百ｍＶないし数Ｖに増幅
して、後段の波形処理回路１３に供給するよう構成す
る。The elastic wave measuring device 12 applies a high voltage signal to the elastic wave transmitter / receiver 11 to excite the elastic wave at time intervals according to the liquid level monitoring frequency, and at the same time, the elastic wave transmitter / receiver 1
The signal of the received elastic wave converted into an electric signal in 1 is amplified to a voltage signal in an appropriate range, for example, several hundred mV to several V, and supplied to the waveform processing circuit 13 in the subsequent stage.
【００２３】波形処理回路１３は、弾性波計測器１２か
らの出力波形中から、炉壁内面での反射波の波高Ｖを検
出するよう構成する。ここで、波高Ｖは、例えば、通常
の弾性波計測で用いられているように、ゲート回路によ
り炉壁内面での反射波を抽出して、その絶対値のピーク
を検出することもできるが、好ましくは、ゲート出力の
スペクトラム振幅を算出することにより、高周波ノイズ
を分離して、弾性反射波のピークを検出するか、あるい
は、ゲート出力と予め記憶させた基準反射波形との逆畳
み込み演算を行うことにより、高周波ノイズを除去し
て、その演算結果のピークを検出するよう構成する。こ
のようにすれば、反射波の波高Ｖを、より高精度で検出
することができる。The waveform processing circuit 13 is configured to detect the wave height V of the reflected wave on the inner surface of the furnace wall from the output waveform from the elastic wave measuring device 12. Here, as for the wave height V, for example, as used in normal elastic wave measurement, it is also possible to extract the reflected wave on the inner surface of the furnace wall by the gate circuit and detect the peak of its absolute value. Preferably, the high frequency noise is separated by calculating the spectrum amplitude of the gate output to detect the peak of the elastic reflected wave, or the deconvolution operation of the gate output and the reference reflected waveform stored in advance is performed. Thus, the high frequency noise is removed and the peak of the calculation result is detected. By doing so, the wave height V of the reflected wave can be detected with higher accuracy.
【００２４】演算回路１４は、波形処理回路１３で検出
したピーク値（反射波の波高Ｖ）から炉内溶融物１０１
の液面レベルｌを算出するもので、上述した式（９）の
関数関係を記憶する手段と、その関数関係と波高Ｖとか
ら液面レベルｌを演算する手段とを有し、その演算結果
を後段の表示装置１５に表示するよう構成する。The arithmetic circuit 14 determines the in-furnace melt 101 from the peak value (wave height V of the reflected wave) detected by the waveform processing circuit 13.
For calculating the liquid level 1 of the above equation, and having means for storing the functional relationship of the above-mentioned formula (9) and means for calculating the liquid level 1 from the functional relationship and the wave height V, and the calculation result Is displayed on the display device 15 in the subsequent stage.
【００２５】なお、波形処理回路１３および演算回路１
４は、アナログ素子で実現することもできるし、弾性波
計測器１２以降のデータを全てデジタル化することによ
り、マイクロプロセッサ等の演算回路を用いた演算処理
で代用するよう構成することもできる。The waveform processing circuit 13 and the arithmetic circuit 1
4 can be realized by an analog element, or by digitizing all the data after the elastic wave measuring device 12, it can be configured so as to be substituted by arithmetic processing using an arithmetic circuit such as a microprocessor.
【００２６】以下、この実施形態の動作について説明す
る。弾性波送受信子１１は、弾性波計測器１２により駆
動制御され、これにより弾性波送受信子１１から弾性波
が放射され、その反射波が該弾性波送受信子１１で受波
されて、弾性波計測器１２で処理される。ここで、弾性
波計測器１２から出力される反射波の受信波形は、図１
に（ａ）〜（ｅ）で示す１００内の溶融物１０１の液面
レベルに応じて、それぞれ図２（ａ）〜（ｅ）に示すよ
うになる。The operation of this embodiment will be described below. The elastic wave transmitter / receiver 11 is driven and controlled by the elastic wave measuring device 12, whereby an elastic wave is radiated from the elastic wave transmitter / receiver 11, and the reflected wave is received by the elastic wave transmitter / receiver 11 to measure the elastic wave. It is processed in the container 12. Here, the received waveform of the reflected wave output from the elastic wave measuring device 12 is as shown in FIG.
2A to 2E according to the liquid level of the melt 101 in 100 shown in FIGS. 2A to 2E, respectively.
【００２７】この弾性波計測器１２からの受信出力は、
波形処理回路１３に供給され、ここでゲート回路により
炉内壁面での反射信号が切り出されて、その抽出された
反射信号のピーク値、すなわち反射波の波高Ｖa 〜Ｖe
が検出される。なお、この波形処理回路１３において
は、上述したように、ゲート回路により抽出された反射
信号の絶対値を演算してそのピーク値を検出したり、ゲ
ート出力のスペクトラム振幅を算出してそのピーク値を
検出したり、あるいは、ゲート出力と予め記憶した基準
反射波形との逆畳み込み演算を行って、その出力波形の
ピーク値を検出して、波高Ｖa 〜Ｖe を得る。The received output from the elastic wave measuring device 12 is
It is supplied to the waveform processing circuit 13, where the gate circuit cuts out the reflection signal on the inner wall surface of the furnace, and the peak value of the extracted reflection signal, that is, the wave heights V a to V e of the reflected wave.
Is detected. In the waveform processing circuit 13, as described above, the absolute value of the reflection signal extracted by the gate circuit is calculated to detect its peak value, or the spectrum amplitude of the gate output is calculated to calculate the peak value. or detect, or perform deconvolution of the reference reflection waveform stored in advance to the gate output, detects the peak value of the output waveform, obtain a wave height V a ~V e.
【００２８】波形処理回路１３で検出された反射波の波
高は、演算回路１４に供給され、ここで入力波高と、弾
性波の反射指向性に応じて予め記憶された、例えば図３
に示すような反射波波高と液面高さとの関数形とに基づ
いて、炉内溶融物１０１の液面レベルｌが算出され、そ
の算出結果が表示装置１５に表示される。The wave height of the reflected wave detected by the waveform processing circuit 13 is supplied to the arithmetic circuit 14, where it is stored in advance according to the input wave height and the reflection directivity of the elastic wave, for example, as shown in FIG.
The liquid level 1 of the in-furnace melt 101 is calculated based on the functional form of the reflected wave height and the liquid level as shown in (1), and the calculation result is displayed on the display device 15.
【００２９】図４は、この発明の第２実施形態を示す模
式図である。この実施形態では、図１に示す構成におい
て、反射波到達時間検出回路１６を付加すると共に、演
算回路１４において、上述した式（１０）に基づいて液
面レベルｌを演算するようにしたもので、その他の構成
は図１と同様である。反射波到達時間検出回路１６は、
弾性波の炉内壁反射波の到達時間ｔを検出するもので、
例えば、反射波の有無を検出する閾値回路と、時間を計
測するための高周波カウンタとを組み合わせ、弾性波が
放射されてから、閾値回路によって反射波が検出される
までの高周波カウンタの計数値に基づいて到達時間ｔを
検出するようにする。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the reflected wave arrival time detection circuit 16 is added to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, and the arithmetic circuit 14 calculates the liquid surface level 1 based on the above equation (10). Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. The reflected wave arrival time detection circuit 16 is
It detects the arrival time t of the reflected wave on the inner wall of the elastic wave.
For example, by combining a threshold circuit that detects the presence or absence of a reflected wave and a high-frequency counter for measuring time, the count value of the high-frequency counter from when the elastic wave is radiated to when the reflected wave is detected by the threshold circuit is used. Based on this, the arrival time t is detected.
【００３０】演算回路１４では、波形処理回路１３で検
出された反射波の波高と、反射波到達時間検出回路１６
からの到達時間ｔと、予め記憶した到達時間の初期値ま
たは基準値ｔ0 とにより、上述した式（１０）に基づい
て液面レベルｌを演算する。すなわち、第１の実施形態
において算出される液面レベルを、検出した反射波到達
時間ｔと、予め設定した到達時間の基準値ｔ0 との比ｔ
／ｔ0 に基づいて補正して、その演算結果を後段の表示
装置１５に表示する。In the arithmetic circuit 14, the wave height of the reflected wave detected by the waveform processing circuit 13 and the reflected wave arrival time detection circuit 16
The liquid surface level 1 is calculated based on the above-described equation (10) by the arrival time t from t and the initial value or the reference value t 0 of the arrival time stored in advance. That is, the liquid level calculated in the first embodiment is set to a ratio t between the detected reflected wave arrival time t and a preset arrival time reference value t 0.
It is corrected based on / t 0 , and the calculation result is displayed on the display device 15 in the subsequent stage.
【００３１】なお、この発明は上述した実施形態にのみ
限定されるものではなく、幾多の変更または変形が可能
である。例えば、上述した実施形態では、炉壁に１つの
弾性波送受信子を取り付けるようにしたが、共通の弾性
波計測器に切り替え接続し得るように、複数個の弾性波
送受信子を炉の高さ方向に取り付け、これらを炉の操業
状態に応じて弾性波計測器に切り替え接続して液面レベ
ルを検出するよう構成することもできる。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but many modifications and variations are possible. For example, in the above-described embodiment, one elastic wave transmitter / receiver is attached to the furnace wall, but a plurality of elastic wave transmitters / receivers are installed at the height of the furnace so that they can be switched and connected to a common elastic wave measuring instrument. It is also possible to mount them in a direction and switch them to an elastic wave measuring device according to the operating condition of the furnace to connect them to detect the liquid level.
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、炉内溶融物の液面が
探触子設置位置を通過する前後においても、液面レベル
を高い分解能で検出することができるので、炉内溶融物
の液面レベルをきめ細かく把握しながら操業することが
可能となる。また、単一の探触子を用い、炉体の耐火物
の外側から弾性波を送受信する非襲侵的測定法であるこ
とから、耐火物の性能を損ねることもなく、液面レベル
を長期間に亘って安定して測定することができると共
に、装置の構成も簡単かつ安価にでき、またその設置あ
るいは保全上の点についても極めて有利となる。According to the present invention, the liquid level can be detected with high resolution even before and after the liquid level of the melt in the furnace passes through the probe installation position. It becomes possible to operate while finely grasping the liquid level. In addition, since it is a non-invasive measurement method that uses a single probe to transmit and receive elastic waves from outside the refractory of the furnace body, the liquid level can be extended without impairing the performance of the refractory. It is possible to perform stable measurement over a period of time, make the configuration of the device simple and inexpensive, and be extremely advantageous in terms of its installation or maintenance.
【００３３】また、弾性波の反射波到達時間に応じて算
出される液面レベルを補正する場合には、炉壁の厚みの
変化による影響を有効に補正することができるので、炉
を長期間に亘って連続して操業させた場合でも、信頼性
の高い液面レベル検出が可能となる。Further, when the liquid level calculated according to the arrival time of the reflected wave of the elastic wave is corrected, the influence of the change in the thickness of the furnace wall can be effectively corrected, so that the furnace can be used for a long time. It is possible to detect the liquid level with high reliability even when the liquid is continuously operated for the entire period.
【図１】この発明の第１の実施形態を示す模式図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１において、炉内の液面レベルに応じて受信
される弾性波の反射波の波形の一例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform of a reflected wave of an elastic wave received according to the liquid level in the furnace in FIG.
【図３】第１の実施形態において、反射波波高から液面
レベルを算出する際に用いる関数形の一例を示す図であ
る。。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a function form used when calculating a liquid surface level from a reflected wave height in the first embodiment. .
【図４】この発明の第２の実施形態を示す模式図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】この発明による液面レベルの測定原理を説明す
るための図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the principle of liquid level measurement according to the present invention.
【図６】図５において、炉内壁面で反射されて弾性波送
受信子で検出される反射波の指向性関数の一例を示す図
である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a directivity function of a reflected wave that is reflected on the inner wall surface of the furnace and detected by an elastic wave transceiver in FIG.
１ 炉 ２ 弾性波送受信子 ３，４ 媒質 １１ 弾性波送受信子 １２ 弾性波計測器 １３ 波形処理回路 １４ 演算回路 １５ 表示装置 １６ 反射波到達時間検出回路 １００ 炉 １０１ 溶融物 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 furnace 2 elastic wave transmitter / receiver 3,4 medium 11 elastic wave transmitter / receiver 12 elastic wave measuring instrument 13 waveform processing circuit 14 arithmetic circuit 15 display device 16 reflected wave arrival time detection circuit 100 furnace 101 melt
Claims (4)
けた１つの探触子から、炉内に向けて弾性波を放射し、
その炉内壁面からの反射波を受波して炉内溶融物の液面
レベルを測定するにあたり、 前記受波した反射波の波高と、前記炉の高さ方向におけ
る前記反射波の受波位置と、前記反射波の波高と炉内溶
融物液面位置とに関して予め設定した対応関係と、に基
づいて前記液面レベルを算出することを特徴とする炉内
溶融物の液面レベル測定方法。1. An elastic wave is radiated toward the inside of a furnace from one probe attached to the outer wall of the furnace whose periphery is covered with a refractory material,
In measuring the liquid level of the molten material in the furnace by receiving the reflected wave from the furnace inner wall surface, the wave height of the received reflected wave and the receiving position of the reflected wave in the height direction of the furnace And the liquid level of the in-furnace melt is calculated based on a preset correspondence relationship between the wave height of the reflected wave and the liquid level of the in-furnace melt.
いて、 弾性波が放射されてから、前記反射波が受波されるまで
の反射波到達時間ｔを検出し、この検出した反射波到達
時間ｔと、予め設定した到達時間の基準値ｔ0との比ｔ
／ｔ0 に基づいて、前記算出される液面レベルを補正す
ることを特徴とする炉内溶融物の液面レベル測定方法。2. The liquid level measuring method according to claim 1, wherein a reflected wave arrival time t from the emission of the elastic wave to the reception of the reflected wave is detected, and the detected arrival of the reflected wave is detected. Ratio t between time t and preset arrival time reference value t 0
A method for measuring a liquid level of a melt in a furnace, wherein the calculated liquid level is corrected based on / t 0 .
けた１つの探触子から、炉内に向けて弾性波を放射して
反射波を受信し、その反射波のレベルにより炉内溶融物
の液面レベルを測定する装置であって、 炉外壁に設置した弾性波送受信手段と、 この弾性波送受信手段で受信される前記炉の内壁面から
の反射波の波高を検出する波高検出手段と、 この波高検出手段で検出される波高、前記弾性波送受信
手段の設置高さおよび、予め設定した前記反射波の波高
と炉内溶融物液面位置との対応関係に基づいて、前記炉
内溶融物の液面レベルを算出する演算手段と、を設けて
なることを特徴とする炉内溶融物の液面レベル測定装
置。3. An elastic wave is radiated toward the inside of the furnace from a single probe mounted on the outer wall of the furnace whose periphery is covered with a refractory, and the reflected wave is received, and the furnace is determined according to the level of the reflected wave. A device for measuring the liquid level of the inner melt, comprising: an elastic wave transmitting / receiving means installed on the outer wall of the furnace; and a wave height for detecting the wave height of the reflected wave from the inner wall surface of the furnace received by the elastic wave transmitting / receiving means. Based on the detection means and the wave height detected by the wave height detection means, the installation height of the elastic wave transmission / reception means, and the preset correspondence between the wave height of the reflected wave and the liquid level position in the furnace, An apparatus for calculating the liquid level of the molten material in the furnace, and a liquid level measuring device for the molten material in the furnace.
いて、 前記弾性波送受信手段から弾性波が放射されてから、該
弾性波送受信手段で前記反射波が受信されるまでの反射
波到達時間ｔを検出する反射波到達時間検出手段を有
し、 この反射波到達時間検出手段で検出した反射波到達時間
ｔと、予め設定した到達時間の基準値ｔ0 との比ｔ／ｔ
0 に基づいて、前記算出される液面レベルを補正するよ
う構成したことを特徴とする炉内溶融物の液面レベル測
定装置。4. The liquid level measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the reflected wave arrival time from the emission of the elastic wave from the elastic wave transmitting / receiving means to the reception of the reflected wave by the elastic wave transmitting / receiving means. A reflected wave arrival time detecting means for detecting t is provided, and a ratio t / t of the reflected wave arrival time t detected by the reflected wave arrival time detecting means and a preset reference value t 0 of the arrival time.
A liquid level measuring device for in-furnace melt, which is configured to correct the calculated liquid level based on 0 .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30456595A JP3596125B2 (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1995-11-22 | Method and apparatus for measuring liquid level of molten material in furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30456595A JP3596125B2 (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1995-11-22 | Method and apparatus for measuring liquid level of molten material in furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09145452A true JPH09145452A (en) | 1997-06-06 |
| JP3596125B2 JP3596125B2 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP30456595A Expired - Fee Related JP3596125B2 (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1995-11-22 | Method and apparatus for measuring liquid level of molten material in furnace |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3596125B2 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
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