JPH09208351A - Production of liquid fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a liquid fertilizer at a low installation cost in a perfectly sterilized state without requiring a worry on the problem of a malodor on the production by degrading an animal protein raw material with an enzyme, further degrading the degradation product with an alkali and subsequently adding an organic acid to the product to control the product at a prescribed pH. SOLUTION: This method for producing a liquid fertilizer comprises mixing 300kg of an animal protein raw material such as pig halt, feather or blood powder with water in an amount of eight times that of the animal protein raw material, adding a protease in an amount of 0.02wt.% based on the animal protein raw material, namely 6kg, to a treating vessel containing the mixture, treating the mixture with the protease with stirring for 4hr, mixing the treated product with potassium hydroxide in an amount of 0.15wt.% based on the raw material, namely 45kg, and further with a defoaming agent in an amount of 0.0007wt.% based on the whole amount, namely approximately 2kg, heating the mixture so as to give a treating temperature of 75 deg.C with stirring for 30min, mixing the treated solution with acetic acid in an amount of 0.02wt.% based on the raw material, namely 6kg, to deodorize the solution, mixing the treated solution with phosphoric acid in an amount of 0.003wt.% based on the whole amount, namely approximately 8kg, to control the pH of the solution, and subsequently usually diluting 2767kg of the produced liquid fertilizer into a volume of 300-500 times.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer, which is mainly used as a raw material of animal protein and is used for cultivating plants such as vegetables and fruits, and more particularly to a method for producing liquid fertilizer which does not cause a bad odor problem during production.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, animal proteins such as pig hair, feathers and blood meal are called keratin proteins, and they are widely used in natural fermented feed of livestock, nutraceuticals, seasonings or cosmetic raw materials and adsorbents. It is being used. Also,
Due to its good nutritional balance, it has recently been attracting attention as an organic fertilizer.

With the modernization of agriculture after the war, chemical fertilizers were used instead of organic fertilizers until then.
The soil hardens due to the heavy use of these chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
Problems such as the disappearance of earthworms and susceptibility to diseases have come to be regarded as problems, and organic fertilizers are being reviewed again.

Since chemical fertilizers are well soluble in water and the plant easily absorbs the fertilizer component (inorganic component), it is fast-acting and has a high absorption capacity. It was able to be absorbed quickly, and a dramatic increase in sales was realized. However, although this chemical fertilizer has a fast-acting effect, it has a problem that it disturbs the nutritional balance of soil and plants and suddenly withers, and the resistance to pests and the like decreases, and a large amount of pesticides is used. Has resulted in the use of.

In recent years, safer fruits and vegetables have been attracting attention due to environmental problems and natural food orientation. Many farmers are consciously adopting pesticide-free and organic farming. Has become.

The organic fertilizers currently used are animal material fertilizer, plant fertilizer, self-contained organic fertilizer, organic waste fertilizer and the like. These organic fertilizers are known to have a nutrient-balanced fertilizer effect as well as an effect of agglomerating soil and an effect of suppressing diseases. If organic fertilizer is also liquid fertilizer,
Although the plant's absorption capacity is enhanced and it becomes fast-acting, the commercially available products are processed into dry powder or granules, and there is no liquid fertilizer. Although liquid manure such as manure is a liquid form, it causes an environmental problem because it is accompanied by a severe malodor, and it is a self-sufficient fertilizer and is not a commercial product.

On the other hand, regarding the decomposition and water solubilization techniques of organic substances, active development is being carried out as a raw material for industrial use and cosmetics, and the technique for solubilizing animal proteins such as pig hair, feathers and blood meal is specially developed. Various types such as Kohei 7-21061 have been developed. However, there is no case where these animal proteins are dissolved and used as liquid fertilizer.

Further, these animal proteins such as pig hair, feathers, blood meal, etc. also undergo ammonia, amine,
A strong offensive odor is generated due to methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, etc. Therefore, these processing plants have traditionally been
Although it is located in the suburbs, due to the recent housing situation and the strengthening of environmental regulations, the problem of countermeasures against leakage of these odors is serious, and a fundamental solution is strongly required. There is also a problem that a large amount of bubbles are generated due to hydrolysis.

[0009]

The technical problem of the present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and occurs in the process of producing a liquid fertilizer by subjecting a protein raw material to a solubilization treatment. (EN) It is intended to realize a method for producing liquid fertilizer mainly composed of animal protein such as pig hair, feathers, blood meal, etc., which can effectively eliminate bad odors and can be produced easily and inexpensively.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The first aspect of the present invention is, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a step of enzymatically decomposing an animal protein raw material such as pig hair, feathers and blood meal, and a step of decomposing with an alkali after the enzymatic decomposition step. And a step of mixing an organic acid after the alkali decomposition step, and a pH of 8.0 after the step of mixing the organic acid.
It is a manufacturing method of liquid fertilizer, which comprises a step of adjusting to 9.5.

The protein raw material may be any as long as it is derived from animal protein, for example, pig hair,
Animal body hair such as feathers, blood powder, animal claws, hoofs, and horns may also be used. The enzymatic decomposition step may be any as long as it can decompose the above-mentioned animal protein using a proteolytic enzyme, and examples of the proteolytic enzyme include pepsin, protease, papain, promeline, thermolysin and trypsin. , Pronase, chymotrypsin, pancreatin and the like may be used. The solution may be stirred during the enzymatic decomposition.

The alkali decomposition step may be any as long as it can mix the alkalis into the solution after the enzymatic decomposition step and hydrolyze the solution to completely decompose the undecomposed material. As, potassium hydroxide (caustic potash), sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate,
You may use sodium silicate, borax, etc. Also,
The solution may be stirred during the alkali decomposition.

The organic acid mixing step may be any as long as the organic acid can be mixed into the solution after the alkali decomposition step. For example, acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid or the like may be mixed as the organic acid. You can use what you have done.

The pH adjusting step may be any as long as the pH of the solution after the organic acid mixing step can be adjusted to 8.0 to 9.5, for example, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid. Alternatively, the pH may be adjusted by mixing an acid such as hydrobromic acid.

The second aspect of the present invention is, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the alkaline decomposition step performed after the enzymatic decomposition step is 60.
It is a method for producing liquid fertilizer, which is decomposed under temperature conditions of ℃ to 75 ℃. The solution temperature during the alkali decomposition is 60 ° C to 75 ° C.
The temperature distribution is maintained within the temperature range of 1, and the temperature distribution may be made uniform by stirring.

A third aspect of the present invention is a method for producing liquid fertilizer, which comprises a step of defoaming air bubbles generated during the alkali decomposition step by mixing an antifoaming agent, as illustrated in FIG. In the defoaming step, for example, after the alkali decomposing step, a silicon-based defoaming agent may be mixed to defoam.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, in the step of mixing the organic acid, 0.01% by weight to the animal protein raw material is mixed as the organic acid.
This is a method for producing liquid fertilizer in which 0.05% by weight of acetic acid is used.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, in the step of adjusting the pH to 8.0 to 9.5,
This is a method for producing liquid fertilizer in which phosphoric acid is used as a pH adjusting agent.

[0019]

According to claim 1, a step of enzymatically decomposing animal protein raw materials such as pig hair, feathers, blood meal, etc., a step of decomposing into alkaline after the enzymatic decomposing step, and mixing of an organic acid after the alkaline decomposing step. If a step and a step of adjusting the pH to 8.0 to 9.5 after the step of mixing the organic acid are provided, the animal protein raw material is first enzymatically decomposed in the enzymatic decomposition step to dissolve the surface layer of hair. . In the subsequent alkaline decomposition step, the remaining undissolved portion is completely hydrolyzed. Furthermore, the organic acid is mixed in the subsequent organic acid mixing step to eliminate the bad odor generated during protein decomposition. Further, in the next pH adjusting step, the pH is adjusted within the range of 8.0 to 9.5 to make the liquid fertilizer in a highly stable state.

Conventionally, water-solubilization treatment of animal protein has been carried out for the production of keratin protein which is a raw material for foods, cosmetics and the like, but these methods are enzymatic decomposition with a proteolytic enzyme. For example, about 0.005% by weight of proline or other proteolytic enzyme is added to the raw material and decomposed with stirring, and the decomposition treatment is spent for 24 hours or more.

There is also a manufacturing method in which in order to shorten the decomposition treatment time, hydrolysis is first carried out with an acid or alkali, and then enzymatic decomposition is carried out. In this case, the decomposition rate will be faster, but due to the strong decomposition power,
Amino acids that should be produced by the decomposition of proteins are destroyed even in their molecular structure. In addition, in the case of hydrolysis with an acid, since a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid is used, the processing equipment becomes expensive and the site conditions are limited.

In the present invention, enzymatic decomposition is first carried out to decompose and produce sufficient amino acids, and then the decomposition residue is completely decomposed by hydrolysis with alkali, which destroys the molecular structure of amino acids. Can be efficiently decomposed. Plants absorb minerals such as nitrogen fertilizers from the soil to produce amino acids in the body and use them as nutrients, but by directly absorbing amino acids, nutrient absorption can be significantly accelerated. Further, since no strong acid is used, the cost of the processing equipment is low.

Further, by mixing an organic acid, it is possible to suppress a strong malodor generated during alkali decomposition. It is considered that this is because the methyl group specific to the organic acid adsorbs the odor of methylcaptan. Further, the pH is adjusted in the final step in order to adjust the pH in a stable state in which changes in the components of the liquid fertilizer are unlikely to occur and the alkalinity is not too strong. As shown in FIG. 3, pH 9.5
The neighborhood is the best. If the pH is less than 8.0, precipitation occurs, the quality is changed, and a bad odor is generated again. When the pH exceeds 9.5, the alkalinity is too strong and it is not suitable as a liquid fertilizer.

When the alkali decomposition step is carried out under the temperature condition of 60 ° C. to 75 ° C., the alkali decomposition is sufficiently carried out and the complete decomposition becomes easy.
In addition, since the sterilization is sufficiently performed and the boiling temperature is not reached, there is almost no water loss due to evaporation, and the treatment can be performed efficiently.

When the step of defoaming the bubbles generated in the alkali decomposition step by mixing the defoaming agent is provided as in claim 3, it is not necessary to separate the generated bubbles, and it is possible to perform a short period of time. Can surely defoam.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the step of mixing the organic acid, 0.01% to 0.05% by weight of acetic acid is used as the organic acid to be mixed with respect to the animal protein raw material. If so, it is possible to effectively deodorize the strong malodor generated in the alkali decomposition step. The amount of contamination
If less than 0.01% by weight, there is no deodorizing effect and
The deodorizing effect is also reduced when the content is higher than the weight percentage. Further, by using acetic acid, the cost becomes low, and acetic acid itself becomes an effective fertilizer component.

According to a fifth aspect, the pH is set to 8.
When phosphoric acid is used as a pH adjuster in the step of adjusting to 0 to 9.5, the alkalinity can be lowered and the phosphoric acid component, which is one of the three elements of fertilizer, can be strengthened. The nutrient balance as a fertilizer is improved. There is little phosphoric acid component in the hair material such as pig hair and feathers.

[0028]

EXAMPLE The present invention shows that the method of producing an effective liquid fertilizer for agriculture by effectively utilizing animal proteins such as pig hair and feathers for three years or more has been found to be effective. The present invention has been completed by finding out a new method for water solubilization, a method for removing a bad odor, a method for adjusting an appropriate perfume and the like.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart showing the steps for producing liquid fertilizer according to the present invention. In the liquid fertilizer, the animal protein as a raw material is enzymatically decomposed by an enzyme in the enzymatic decomposition step while stirring the treatment solution. Next, in the alkali decomposition step, the undissolved residue in the enzyme decomposition step is completely decomposed while the treatment solution is heated (60 ° C. to 75 ° C.) and stirred. Further, the bubbles generated in the alkali decomposition step are defoamed in the defoaming step. Further, an organic acid is mixed in to deodorize the malodor generated in the decomposition step. Finally, acids are added to adjust the pH to 8.0 to 9.5 to complete the liquid fertilizer.

Next, practical examples of how the method for producing liquid fertilizer according to the present invention is embodied will be described. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a method for producing liquid fertilizer according to the present invention. This liquid fertilizer is manufactured as follows.

(1) Enzymatic degradation step 300K raw material of animal protein such as pig hair, feathers, blood meal, etc.
To 8 g of water, 8 times as much water as the raw material is added, and 0.02% by weight of the raw material, ie, 6 kg, of the protease, which is a proteolytic enzyme, is mixed in a treatment container and treated for 4 hours with stirring.

(2) Alkaline Decomposition Step To the solution after the above treatment, caustic potash (potassium hydroxide) is added in an amount of 0.15% of the animal protein raw material, that is, 45 kg, and an antifoaming agent is added in an amount of 0.0007% by weight of the total amount. About 2 Kg is added and heated so that the temperature of the treatment solution becomes 75 ° C., and treated for 30 minutes while stirring.

(3) Deodorization treatment step To the solution after the treatment, 0.02% by weight of the animal protein raw material, that is, 6 Kg of acetic acid is added to perform the deodorization treatment.

(4) pH adjusting step To the solution after the treatment, 0.003% by weight of the total amount of phosphoric acid, that is, about 8 kg is added. The processing solution has a pH of 8.0.
It becomes ~ 9.5 and stabilizes.

Through the above steps, a total amount of 2,767 Kg of liquid fertilizer can be obtained. This liquid fertilizer is usually diluted 300 to 500 times and applied.

As described above, according to the method for producing liquid fertilizer according to the present invention, it is possible to produce a liquid organic fertilizer having a high fertilizer effect as a main component of animal protein, and moreover, a problem of malodor and bubble generation during production. There is no need to worry, and it becomes easier to manufacture. Further, since there is no need for special treatment equipment such as an acid resistant structure, the equipment cost is low. Furthermore, since the enzymatic decomposition is efficiently performed, the processing time is greatly shortened and the production efficiency is very good.

Conventional organic fertilizers composed of animal protein are mostly solid fertilizers, and the protein itself is fertilized in soil, and is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil to become amino acids and minerals, which are then absorbed by plants. is there.

The liquid fertilizer according to the present invention is obtained by decomposing animal protein into an amino acid and solubilizing it. Since the decomposed amino acid can be directly absorbed by the plant to be a nutrient, it has a high fertilizer effect and is effective. Is also early. Further, since it is a liquid, it does not require a large storage warehouse like ordinary solid fertilizers, and the storage space can be reduced. Also, Motohi,
Various fertilizer application methods such as top-dressing and foliar spraying are possible, large-scale use by large-scale machines is possible, and automation of fertilizer application such as greenhouse cultivation becomes easy.

The liquid fertilizer is reinforced with phosphoric acid and potassium which are fertilizer components. That is, animal protein contains a large amount of nitrogen among the three major elements of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium fertilizer, but has a small amount of phosphoric acid and potassium. However, this liquid fertilizer uses caustic potash for alkali decomposition treatment, and the potash component is reinforced. Also, since phosphoric acid is used for pH adjustment treatment and the phosphoric acid component is reinforced, the liquid fertilizer has a very good nutritional balance.

According to the test results on the farm using the liquid fertilizer according to the present invention, the colors and gloss of vegetables and fruits were improved, and the storability was improved. For example, in the case of cabbage, normal ones that do not use this liquid fertilizer will rot in about one week, but those that were harvested using this liquid manure will have a slightly yellow surface, but the inside will remain for 3 months. It was able to be stored without rot. In addition, it is reported that the shape of cucumber and the like is improved, the thickness is made uniform, the weight and sweetness are increased, the color and luster are vivid, and the yield is increased.

[0041]

As described in claim 1, the steps of enzymatically decomposing animal protein raw materials such as pig hair, feathers and blood meal, the step of decomposing into alkaline after the enzymatic decomposing step, and the step of decomposing organic acid after the alkaline decomposing step. By including the step of mixing and the step of adjusting the pH to 8.0 to 9.5 after the step of mixing the organic acid, it is possible to easily produce a liquid fertilizer mainly containing animal protein. In addition, since it does not destroy the amino acid structure, it is easy to absorb nutrients and has a fast effect. Further, it is possible to provide a method for producing liquid fertilizer that is easy to produce without a problem of bad odor and bubbles, does not require special treatment equipment, has a low equipment cost, and can be produced at low cost.

According to claim 2, the alkaline decomposition step is carried out under the temperature condition of 60 ° C. to 75 ° C. to enhance the alkaline decomposition treatment ability and completely decompose the animal protein. You can In addition, sufficient sterilization can be performed without reducing the amount due to evaporation of water.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, by providing the step of defoaming the bubbles generated during the alkali decomposition step by mixing the defoaming agent, the bubbles generated during alkali decomposition can be easily defoamed. This eliminates the need to separate and remove bubbles.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the step of mixing the organic acid, 0.01% to 0.05% by weight of acetic acid is used as the organic acid to be mixed with respect to the animal protein raw material. The presence of the odor makes it possible to effectively and inexpensively deodorize the malodor caused by ammonia, methylcaptan, hydrogen sulfide, and the like. It also has an effect as a fertilizer component.

According to a fifth aspect, the pH is set to 8.
In the process of adjusting to 0 to 9.5, by using phosphoric acid as a pH adjusting agent, it is possible to effectively reduce the alkalinity and also to reinforce the phosphoric acid component of the fertilizer, thus providing a well-balanced liquid fertilizer. Can be

As described above, according to the present invention, a liquid fertilizer composed of animal protein can be easily and inexpensively produced, has a good nutritional balance, is fast-acting, and has a high growth-enhancing effect. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart showing a manufacturing process of liquid fertilizer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an example of a method for producing liquid fertilizer according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the stability of liquid fertilizer according to the present invention according to pH values.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A step of enzymatically decomposing an animal protein raw material such as pig hair, feathers and blood meal, a step of decomposing with an alkali after the enzymatic decomposing step, and a step of mixing an organic acid after the alkaline decomposing step, After the acid mixing step, the pH is adjusted to 8.
A method for producing liquid fertilizer, comprising the step of adjusting to 0 to 9.5. 2. The alkali decomposition step is performed at 60 ° C. to 75 ° C.
The method for producing liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition treatment is performed under a temperature condition of ° C. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of defoaming bubbles generated during the alkali decomposition step by mixing an antifoaming agent. Method for producing liquid fertilizer. 4. In the step of mixing the organic acid,
As the organic acid to be mixed, 0.01% by weight to 0.05% by weight of acetic acid based on the animal protein raw material is used, and any one of claims 1 to 3 is characterized. A method for producing the liquid fertilizer described. 5. The phosphoric acid is used as a pH adjusting agent in the step of adjusting the pH to 8.0 to 9.5. The method for producing liquid fertilizer according to item.