JPH09228024A - Method for solidifying iron and iron alloy - Google Patents
Method for solidifying iron and iron alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09228024A JPH09228024A JP3798896A JP3798896A JPH09228024A JP H09228024 A JPH09228024 A JP H09228024A JP 3798896 A JP3798896 A JP 3798896A JP 3798896 A JP3798896 A JP 3798896A JP H09228024 A JPH09228024 A JP H09228024A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- aluminum
- substrate
- alloy
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 35
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910015372 FeAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000019300 CLIPPERS Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000021930 chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、鉄及び鉄基合金の
硬化方法に関するもので、高い剛性、靭性と高い表面硬
度、耐摩耗性を必要とする部品、例えば歯車、軸受等の
機構部品や刃物（電気かみそりの内刃、バリカン刃、芝
刈り機の刃、ナイフ、包丁、はさみ、カッター）、特に
摺動を繰り返す刃物の表面を硬化する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for hardening iron and iron-based alloys, and parts requiring high rigidity, toughness, high surface hardness, and wear resistance, such as mechanical parts such as gears and bearings, The present invention relates to a blade (inner blade of an electric razor, a hair clipper blade, a blade of a lawn mower, a knife, a knife, a pair of scissors, a cutter), and particularly to a method of hardening the surface of a blade that repeats sliding.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】歯車や軸受などの機構部品や刃物、特に
摺動を繰り返すような刃物や工具には工具鋼、高炭素ス
テンレス鋼、析出硬化型ステンレス鋼等が利用されてき
たが、これらの材料は靭性に優れるが、表面硬度があま
り高くないため、耐摩耗性が悪く消耗が激しかった。こ
のため、表面硬度が高いセラミックスの利用も考えらえ
るが、靭性に欠け、また加工も困難であるために利用は
難しい。2. Description of the Related Art Tool steels, high carbon stainless steels, precipitation hardening stainless steels, etc. have been used for mechanical parts such as gears and bearings and blades, especially blades and tools for repeating sliding. The material was excellent in toughness, but the surface hardness was not so high that the wear resistance was poor and the wear was severe. For this reason, the use of ceramics with high surface hardness can be considered, but it is difficult to use because of lack of toughness and difficult processing.
【０００３】そこで上記合金鋼にアルミナなどをＰＶＤ
やＣＶＤ等によりコーティングした材料も存在するが、
形成される表面硬化層の厚さが０．１μｍオーダーであ
り、密着性等の問題があるため、耐摩耗性等の表面硬質
層が関係する特性の改善には至っていない。また、鉄あ
るは鉄基合金をエキゾートパイプ、マフラー、焼却炉等
の材料として使用するため、これらの部品を溶融アルミ
ニウム浴に浸漬した後、熱処理を施し、表面に耐熱性、
高温耐食性に優れる鉄−アルミニウム合金を形成する技
術もある。Then, alumina or the like is added to the above alloy steel by PVD.
There are materials coated by CVD or CVD,
Since the thickness of the surface-hardened layer formed is on the order of 0.1 μm and there are problems with adhesion and the like, the properties related to the hard surface layer such as abrasion resistance have not been improved. In addition, since iron or iron-based alloys are used as materials for exhaust pipes, mufflers, incinerators, etc., these parts are immersed in a molten aluminum bath and then heat-treated to provide heat resistance to the surface,
There is also a technique for forming an iron-aluminum alloy having excellent high temperature corrosion resistance.
【０００４】また鉄−アルミニウム合金は高硬度（Ｈｖ
８００〜１０００）で耐摩耗性にも優れるため、同様の
手法により刃物材の刃先へ応用する技術も存在する（特
開昭５６−７５５６１号）。またクラッド法により板状
の鉄基合金にアルミニウムを圧着した後に熱処理を施
し、表面に鉄−アルミニウム合金を形成し、刃材等に応
用する技術も報告されている。Iron-aluminum alloys have a high hardness (Hv
Since it has excellent wear resistance at 800 to 1000), there is also a technique of applying it to the cutting edge of a cutting material by the same method (JP-A-56-75561). Also, a technique has been reported in which aluminum is pressure-bonded to a plate-shaped iron-based alloy by the clad method and then heat-treated to form an iron-aluminum alloy on the surface, which is applied to a blade material or the like.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記従来例
のように溶融アルミニウム浴に浸漬した後、熱処理し、
鉄−アルミニウム合金を形成する場合、過度につき過ぎ
たアルミニウムを除去する必要がある。また部品全表面
がアルミニウムで覆われるため、これを熱処理すると、
全表面に鉄−アルミニウム合金が形成されるので、刃物
のように上記合金を形成したい一部分が突出した形状で
ない部品については、部品の一部分だけに上記合金を形
成したい場合、これが困難である。By the way, after being immersed in a molten aluminum bath as in the above-mentioned conventional example, a heat treatment is carried out,
When forming iron-aluminum alloys, it is necessary to remove excess aluminum. Also, the entire surface of the part is covered with aluminum, so if you heat treat it,
Since the iron-aluminum alloy is formed on the entire surface, it is difficult to form the alloy on only a part of the part for a part such as a cutting tool which is not in the shape of protruding part where the alloy is to be formed.
【０００６】また刃物材において、刃先のみならず基体
の剛性を高めたい場合、基体として熱硬化型の鉄基合金
を用いるのが簡易であるが、熱硬化型の合金の熱処理温
度は９００℃を越える場合が多く、著しく熱容量の小さ
いものを除いては局所的に大きい熱量を加えることがで
きる方法（レーザー加熱、高周波加熱）を用いなければ
基体の硬化は不可能である。When it is desired to increase not only the cutting edge but also the rigidity of the base in the blade material, it is easy to use a thermosetting iron-based alloy as the base, but the heat treatment temperature of the thermosetting alloy is 900 ° C. In many cases, the substrate cannot be cured unless a method (laser heating, high-frequency heating) capable of locally applying a large amount of heat is used, except for those having a remarkably small heat capacity.
【０００７】本発明は上述の問題点に鑑みてなされたも
のであって、鉄及び鉄基合金からなる基体に鉄−アルミ
ニウム合金層を従来よりも簡便に形成し、また必要な部
分にのみ鉄−アルミニウム合金層を容易に形成し、さら
に鉄−アルミニウム合金層の形成と同時に基体の硬度を
高めること課題とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an iron-aluminum alloy layer is formed on a base body made of iron and an iron-based alloy more easily than before, and iron is formed only on a necessary portion. -It is an object to easily form an aluminum alloy layer and further increase the hardness of the substrate at the same time when the iron-aluminum alloy layer is formed.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
本発明の第１の特徴の鉄及び鉄基合金の硬化方法は、鉄
及び鉄基合金からなる基体にアルミニウムを付着させた
後、部分的に加熱処理することによりアルミニウムを溶
融させると同時に鉄−アルミニウム合金を形成すること
を特徴とする。つまり、アルミニウムを付着させた後、
部分的に大熱量を入力できる加熱処理手段を用いて目的
部分だけに鉄−アルミニウム合金層を形成している。こ
の場合、必要な目的部分にだけ鉄−アルミニウム合金層
を形成できて、従来技術の溶融アルミニウム浴につけた
後に熱処理する方法に比べて、余分なアルミニウムの除
去工程を必要としない。またクラッド法によりアルミニ
ウムを圧着する方法に比べて基体形状についての制約が
少なく（クラッド法は圧延可能な形状のものしかできな
い）、また圧延工程を必要としない。また鉄及び鉄基合
金の表面に付着させたアルミニウムの熱処理を部分的に
加熱可能な熱処理方法ですることにより、耐熱性、高温
耐食性、耐摩耗性が必要な部分だけに鉄−アルミニウム
合金層を形成することが可能なだけでなく、一つの部品
について複数箇所に容易に鉄−アルミニウム合金層を形
成することができる。また熱処理により硬化可能は鉄基
合金からなる基体においては、熱容量が入力熱量に対し
て十分に小さい場合は基体全体が、熱容量が入力熱量に
対して大きい場合は基体の一部が、鉄−アルミニウム合
金層の形成と同時に熱処理できる。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to a first feature of the present invention, a method for hardening iron and an iron-based alloy is as follows. It is characterized in that the iron-aluminum alloy is formed at the same time as the aluminum is melted by the heat treatment. That is, after depositing aluminum,
The iron-aluminum alloy layer is formed only on the target portion by using a heat treatment means capable of partially inputting a large amount of heat. In this case, the iron-aluminum alloy layer can be formed only in the necessary target portion, and an extra step of removing aluminum is not required as compared with the prior art method of heat-treating the molten aluminum bath. Further, there are less restrictions on the shape of the substrate than the method of crimping aluminum by the clad method (the clad method can only have a rollable shape), and a rolling step is not required. In addition, the heat treatment method that can partially heat the heat treatment of aluminum adhered to the surface of iron and iron-based alloys allows the iron-aluminum alloy layer to be formed only on the parts that require heat resistance, high temperature corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. Not only can it be formed, but the iron-aluminum alloy layer can be easily formed at a plurality of locations on one component. In the case of a base made of an iron-based alloy that can be hardened by heat treatment, when the heat capacity is sufficiently small with respect to the input heat quantity, the entire base body is used. The heat treatment can be performed simultaneously with the formation of the alloy layer.
【０００９】また本発明の第２の特徴の鉄及び鉄基合金
の硬化方法は、鉄及び鉄基合金からなる基体をアルミニ
ウムが溶融する温度に加熱した後、これにアルミニウム
粉末を吹き付けることにより、表面に付着したアルミニ
ウムが基体の鉄と反応して基体の表面に鉄−アルミニウ
ム合金を形成することを特徴とする。この場合、基体を
加熱した状態でアルミニウム粉末を必要な箇所に吹き付
けることで、必要な箇所に容易に鉄−アルミニウム合金
層を形成することができる。また熱処理により硬化可能
な鉄基合金からなる基体を予め硬化処理可能温度に加熱
しておき、必要な部分にだけアルミニウム粉を付着させ
ることにより、必要な部分に鉄−アルミニウム合金層を
形成すると同時に基体全部の熱硬化処理が可能になる。The second aspect of the present invention is a method for hardening iron and an iron-based alloy, which comprises heating a substrate made of iron and an iron-based alloy to a temperature at which aluminum is melted, and then spraying aluminum powder onto the substrate. The aluminum deposited on the surface reacts with the iron of the substrate to form an iron-aluminum alloy on the surface of the substrate. In this case, the iron-aluminum alloy layer can be easily formed at a required location by spraying the aluminum powder at a required location while the substrate is heated. In addition, a base made of an iron-based alloy that can be hardened by heat treatment is heated in advance to a temperature at which it can be hardened, and by adhering aluminum powder only to the required portion, an iron-aluminum alloy layer is formed at the required portion and Allows thermosetting of the entire substrate.
【００１０】また本発明の第３の特徴の鉄及び鉄基合金
の硬化方法は、第２の特徴において、溶射法により溶融
状態のアルミニウムを付着させることを特徴とする。こ
の場合、基体へのアルミニウムの付きがよく、形成した
い部分の全面に均一に鉄−アルミニウム合金層を形成で
きる。A third aspect of the present invention, which is a method for hardening iron and an iron-based alloy, is characterized in that, in the second aspect, aluminum in a molten state is attached by a thermal spraying method. In this case, aluminum adheres well to the substrate, and the iron-aluminum alloy layer can be uniformly formed on the entire surface of the portion to be formed.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の鉄及び鉄基合金の硬化方
法の一例は、鉄及び鉄基合金からなる基体１に図２に示
すようにアルミニウムの層３を付着させ、部分的に大熱
量を入力できる加熱処理手段を用いて目的部分だけに図
１に示すように鉄−アルミニウム合金層（ＦｅＡｌ3 等
が分散）２を形成する。アルミニウムの層３を付着させ
るのは接着、粉末塗布、溶射等がある。アルミニウム箔
の場合は接着され、アルミニウム粉末の場合は塗布さ
れ、溶融アルミニウムの場合は溶射される。部分的に大
熱量を入力できる加熱処理手段としては例えばレーザー
加熱が用いられる。レーザーがスキャンされると、図３
に示すように８００℃以上に加熱された部分４ができ
て、この部分に鉄−アルミニウム合金層２が形成され
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An example of a method for hardening iron and an iron-based alloy according to the present invention is one in which an aluminum layer 3 is adhered to a substrate 1 made of iron and an iron-based alloy as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, an iron-aluminum alloy layer (FeAl 3 or the like is dispersed) 2 is formed only on a target portion by using a heat treatment means capable of inputting the amount of heat. Adhesion of the aluminum layer 3 may be adhesion, powder coating, thermal spraying, or the like. In the case of aluminum foil, it is bonded, in the case of aluminum powder, it is applied, and in the case of molten aluminum, it is sprayed. For example, laser heating is used as the heat treatment means capable of partially inputting a large amount of heat. When the laser is scanned, Figure 3
As shown in FIG. 3, a portion 4 heated to 800 ° C. or higher is formed, and the iron-aluminum alloy layer 2 is formed on this portion.
【００１２】本発明の鉄及び鉄基合金の硬化方法の他例
は、鉄及び鉄基合金からなる基体１をアルミニウムが溶
融する温度以上に加熱した後、基体１にアルミニウム粉
末を吹き付けることにより、表面に付着したアルミニウ
ムが基体１の鉄と反応し、基体１の表面に図１に示すよ
うに鉄−アルミニウム合金層２を形成する。基体１を加
熱するアルミニウムが溶融する温度以上とは６６０℃以
上である。この基体１の加熱は赤外線加熱や高周波誘導
加熱等で行われる。このとき基体１として熱処理により
硬化可能な鉄基合金を用いると、鉄−アルミニウム合金
層２を形成すると同時に基体１の熱硬化処理が行われ、
図４に示すように熱硬化された基体の部分５ができる。
この熱処理により硬化が可能な鉄基合金の基体１となる
母材としては例えば、焼き入れ硬化型ステンレスで銀紙
６号（１３ｗｔ％Ｃｒ，０．３ｗｔ％Ｍｏ，残部Ｆｅ）
を用いることができるが、本発明はこれに限定されるも
のでない。また基体１をアルミニウムが溶融する温度以
上に加熱してアルミニウムを吹き付けるとき、溶射によ
って行ってもよい。Another example of the method for hardening iron and an iron-based alloy of the present invention is to heat the substrate 1 made of iron and an iron-based alloy to a temperature at which aluminum melts or higher, and then spray aluminum powder on the substrate 1. The aluminum adhering to the surface reacts with the iron of the substrate 1 to form an iron-aluminum alloy layer 2 on the surface of the substrate 1 as shown in FIG. The temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of aluminum that heats the substrate 1 is 660 ° C. or higher. The heating of the base 1 is performed by infrared heating, high frequency induction heating, or the like. At this time, if an iron-based alloy that can be hardened by heat treatment is used as the substrate 1, the iron-aluminum alloy layer 2 is formed, and at the same time, the substrate 1 is thermally hardened.
As shown in FIG. 4, a thermoset substrate portion 5 is formed.
As a base material that becomes the base 1 of the iron-based alloy that can be hardened by this heat treatment, for example, quench hardening type stainless steel, silver paper No. 6 (13 wt% Cr, 0.3 wt% Mo, balance Fe)
Can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, when the substrate 1 is heated to a temperature at which aluminum is melted or higher and the aluminum is sprayed, the spraying may be performed.
【００１３】上記のようにして鉄及び鉄基合金の硬化を
するが、鉄及び鉄基合金を焼き入れ硬化する多くの場
合、熱硬化に必要な温度はアルミニウムの融点６６０℃
を越えており、このような高温で鉄及び鉄基合金の基体
の表面でアルミニウムと鉄とを反応させて鉄−アルミニ
ウム合金を形成するときに、アルミニウムの拡散が非常
に速いため、反応初期に形成された鉄−アルミニウム合
金のアルミニウムが合金内に拡散し、鉄−アルミニウム
合金中のアルミニウム量が減少することにより、鉄−ア
ルミニウム合金の硬度が低下する。したがって、熱処理
が過度にならないために高温で熱処理を施す場合は、温
度にもよるが、短時間で熱処理を行う必要がある。The iron and the iron-based alloy are hardened as described above. In many cases of quenching and hardening the iron and the iron-based alloy, the temperature required for the heat hardening is 660 ° C., the melting point of aluminum.
When the aluminum and iron are reacted with each other on the surface of the substrate of iron and an iron-based alloy at such a high temperature to form an iron-aluminum alloy, the diffusion of aluminum is very fast, and The aluminum of the formed iron-aluminum alloy diffuses into the alloy and the amount of aluminum in the iron-aluminum alloy decreases, so that the hardness of the iron-aluminum alloy decreases. Therefore, when the heat treatment is performed at a high temperature so that the heat treatment does not become excessive, it is necessary to perform the heat treatment in a short time depending on the temperature.
【００１４】また通常の電気炉を用いて熱処理を施す場
合、昇温に時間がかかるが、本発明の場合、上記のよう
に短時間で大熱量を入力できる手段を用いることによ
り、処理時間を短くできるため、鉄−アルミニウム合金
の硬度の低下を少なくできる上、急冷が容易なので、焼
き入れ硬化型合金の基体を同時に熱硬化できる。またレ
ーザー加熱のような部分的に加熱できる手段を用いるこ
とにより、より短時間で、必要な部分にだけ鉄−アルミ
ニウム合金を形成することができる。Further, when heat treatment is performed using an ordinary electric furnace, it takes time to raise the temperature, but in the case of the present invention, the treatment time can be shortened by using a means capable of inputting a large amount of heat in a short time as described above. Since it can be shortened, the decrease in hardness of the iron-aluminum alloy can be suppressed, and since quenching is easy, the substrate of the quench-hardenable alloy can be thermoset at the same time. Further, by using a partial heating means such as laser heating, the iron-aluminum alloy can be formed only in a necessary portion in a shorter time.
【００１５】また、鉄基合金によって異なるが、Ｆｅ−
Ｃｒ−Ｃ系高炭素ステンレス鋼の場合、焼き入れ硬化が
可能で表面のＡｌが拡散し、基体中のＦｅと結合して表
面近傍で金属間化合物を形成できるが、内部までアルミ
ニウムの拡散が進行しないような条件を満たす必要があ
る。Ｆｅ−Ｃｒ−Ｃ系高炭素ステンレス鋼の場合、１０
５０℃からの焼き入れが理想の条件であるが、９００〜
１２００℃から焼き入れても硬化に対して十分期待でき
る。また９００℃で１８０秒以上の保持を行うと、内部
までＡｌの拡散が進行し、焼き入れによる硬化が果たせ
なくなる。しかし１５秒以下では熱の均一性の問題のた
め焼き入れが入らない部分ができ、拡散による金属間化
合物の形成も不十分である。また１１００℃以上に加熱
した場合も、Ａｌの拡散の進行が速いため表面の近傍の
Ａｌ濃度が低下し、十分な金属間化合物の形成が困難と
なり、要求する表面硬化層が得られない場合がある。Further, although it depends on the iron-based alloy, Fe-
In the case of Cr-C-based high carbon stainless steel, quench hardening is possible, Al on the surface diffuses, and it can combine with Fe in the substrate to form an intermetallic compound near the surface, but diffusion of aluminum progresses to the inside. It is necessary to satisfy the condition that does not occur. In case of Fe-Cr-C high carbon stainless steel, 10
Quenching from 50 ° C is the ideal condition, but 900 ~
Even if it is quenched from 1200 ° C, it can be expected sufficiently for curing. Further, if it is held at 900 ° C. for 180 seconds or more, diffusion of Al proceeds to the inside, and hardening by quenching cannot be achieved. However, if it is less than 15 seconds, there is a portion where quenching does not occur due to the problem of heat uniformity, and the formation of intermetallic compound due to diffusion is insufficient. Also, when heated to 1100 ° C. or higher, the Al concentration in the vicinity of the surface decreases due to the rapid progress of Al diffusion, and it becomes difficult to form a sufficient intermetallic compound, and the required surface hardened layer may not be obtained. is there.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】以下、実施例と比較例により詳述する。 （実施例１）厚さ×横幅×縦幅が１．０ｍｍ×５ｍｍ×
５ｍｍの高硬度ステンレス鋼（Ｆｅ−１８Ｃｒ−１２Ｎ
ｉ−１．５Ｍｎ−０．３Ｓｉ−０．１Ｃ）の板材を用意
した。その両面に厚さ１５μｍのＡｌ箔を密着させて覆
い、端から０．５ｍｍの部分（図３のハッチング部分）
を炭酸ガスレーザーにて加熱し、アルミニウムを溶融
し、表面温度１０００℃に２０ｓｅｃの間保持した。こ
れにより、図１に示すようにＦｅＡｌ3 ，Ｆｅ2 Ａｌ5
等の金属間化合物を含む鉄−アルミニウム合金表面層を
１２μｍの厚さで得た。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples. (Example 1) Thickness x width x height 1.0 mm x 5 mm x
5mm high hardness stainless steel (Fe-18Cr-12N
A plate material of i-1.5Mn-0.3Si-0.1C) was prepared. A portion of 0.5 mm from the edge (hatched portion in FIG. 3) is covered by tightly covering both sides with an Al foil having a thickness of 15 μm.
Was heated with a carbon dioxide laser to melt aluminum, and the surface temperature was kept at 1000 ° C. for 20 seconds. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, FeAl 3 , Fe 2 Al 5
An iron-aluminum alloy surface layer containing an intermetallic compound such as the above was obtained in a thickness of 12 μm.
【００１７】（実施例２）厚さ×横幅×縦幅が１．０ｍ
ｍ×５ｍｍ×５ｍｍの高硬度ステンレス鋼（Ｆｅ−１８
Ｃｒ−１２Ｎｉ−１．５Ｍｎ−０．３Ｓｉ−０．１Ｃ）
の板材を用意した。平均粒径１０μｍのアルミニウム粒
１．５ｍｇに酢酸ブチル（１ｍｍｌ以下）を加えてペー
スト状にしたものを上記板材の両面に塗布し、端から
０．５ｍｍの部分（図４のハッチング部分）を炭酸ガス
レーザーにて加熱し、アルミニウムを溶融し、表面温度
１０００℃に２０ｓｅｃ間保持した。これにより図１に
示すようにＦｅＡｌ3 ，Ｆｅ2 Ａｌ5 等の金属間化合物
を含む鉄−アルミニウム合金表面層を平均２０μｍの厚
さで得た。(Example 2) Thickness x width x width 1.0 m
m × 5mm × 5mm high hardness stainless steel (Fe-18
Cr-12Ni-1.5Mn-0.3Si-0.1C)
Prepared the plate material. Butyl acetate (1 ml or less) was added to 1.5 mg of aluminum particles having an average particle size of 10 μm to form a paste, which was applied to both sides of the above plate material, and a portion 0.5 mm from the end (hatched portion in FIG. 4) was carbonated. The aluminum was melted by heating with a gas laser and kept at a surface temperature of 1000 ° C. for 20 seconds. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, an iron-aluminum alloy surface layer containing an intermetallic compound such as FeAl 3 , Fe 2 Al 5 or the like was obtained with an average thickness of 20 μm.
【００１８】（実施例３）厚さ×横幅×縦幅が１．０ｍ
ｍ×４０ｍｍ×４０ｍｍの高炭素ステンレス鋼（Ｆｅ−
１３．５Ｃｒ−１．２Ｍｏ−０．４Ｃ−０．３Ｓｉ−
０．３Ｍｎ）のバルク材を用意した。このバルク材を電
気炉で１２５０℃に加熱しておき、その半面に、平均粒
径３０μｍのアルミニウム粒子パウダーをエアコンプレ
ッサーを用いた噴射装置で３μｍ／ｃｍ2 ／ｓｅｃで吹
き付け（例えばガス溶射ガンの噴射装置のみを用い
る）、約３０μｍの鉄−アルミニウム合金層を形成し
た。これにより、図１に示すようにＦｅＡｌ3 ，Ｆｅ2
Ａｌ5 等の金属間化合物粒子が分散した表面より約５μ
ｍの表面硬化層を持つ鉄−アルミニウム合金を得た。(Example 3) Thickness x width x height 1.0 m
m × 40 mm × 40 mm high carbon stainless steel (Fe-
13.5Cr-1.2Mo-0.4C-0.3Si-
A bulk material of 0.3 Mn) was prepared. This bulk material is heated to 1250 ° C. in an electric furnace, and an aluminum particle powder having an average particle size of 30 μm is sprayed on its half surface at 3 μm / cm 2 / sec by an injection device using an air compressor (for example, in a gas spray gun). An iron-aluminum alloy layer of about 30 μm was formed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, FeAl 3 , Fe 2
About 5μ from the surface where intermetallic compound particles such as Al 5 are dispersed
An iron-aluminum alloy having a surface hardened layer of m was obtained.
【００１９】（実施例４）厚さ×横幅×縦幅が２０ｍｍ
×４０ｍｍ×４０ｍｍの高炭素ステンレス鋼（Ｆｅ−１
３．５Ｃｒ−１．２Ｍｏ−０．４Ｃ−０．３Ｓｉ−０．
３Ｍｎ）のバルク材を用意した。このバルク材を電気炉
で１２５０℃に加熱しておき、一面にガス溶射により厚
さ５０μｍのＡｌ層を形成し、電気炉内で３０ｓｅｃの
間保持した後、炉外に取り出して空冷した。これにより
図１に示すようにＦｅＡｌ3 ，Ｆｅ 2 Ａｌ5 等の金属間
化合物を含む鉄−アルミニウム合金表面層を４０μｍの
厚さで得た。(Embodiment 4) Thickness × width × width 20 mm
× 40mm × 40mm high carbon stainless steel (Fe-1
3.5Cr-1.2Mo-0.4C-0.3Si-0.
3 Mn) bulk material was prepared. This bulk material is an electric furnace
It has been heated to 1250 ° C and the surface is thickened by gas spraying.
A 50 μm thick Al layer is formed, and is kept for 30 seconds in an electric furnace.
After holding for a while, it was taken out of the furnace and air-cooled. This
FeAl as shown in FIG.Three, Fe TwoAlFiveBetween metals such as
An iron-aluminum alloy surface layer containing a compound of 40 μm
Got in thickness.
【００２０】（比較例１）高炭素ステンレス鋼（Ｆｅ−
１３．５Ｃｒ−１．２Ｍｏ−０．４Ｃ−０．３Ｓｉ−
０．３Ｍｎ）の厚さ０．１５ｍｍのシートを用意した。
その表面に溶融メッキにより１２μｍのＡｌ層を形成し
て、厚さ０．１７ｍｍのシートにしてから所定の形に打
ち抜きし、大気中で８００℃で３０秒加熱後、毎秒６０
℃で冷却を行った。これによりＦｅＡｌ3 ，Ｆｅ2 Ａｌ
5 等の金属間化合物粒子が分散した表面より約１０μｍ
の表面層を持つ鉄−アルミニウム合金層を得た。Comparative Example 1 High carbon stainless steel (Fe-
13.5Cr-1.2Mo-0.4C-0.3Si-
A sheet having a thickness of 0.3 Mn and a thickness of 0.15 mm was prepared.
An Al layer having a thickness of 12 μm is formed on the surface by hot-dip plating to form a sheet having a thickness of 0.17 mm, which is punched into a predetermined shape, heated at 800 ° C. for 30 seconds in the atmosphere, and then 60 seconds per second.
Cooling was performed at ° C. As a result, FeAl 3 , Fe 2 Al
Approximately 10 μm from the surface where intermetallic compound particles such as 5 are dispersed
An iron-aluminum alloy layer having a surface layer of
【００２１】上記実施例１乃至４及び比較例１で得られ
たものの硬度測定をした結果を表１に示す。この結果よ
り、本発明の硬化方法で硬化させたものは十分が硬度が
得れることがわかる。Table 1 shows the results of measuring the hardness of the materials obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1. From these results, it can be seen that the one cured by the curing method of the present invention has sufficient hardness.
【００２２】[0022]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２３】[0023]
【発明の効果】本発明の請求項１の発明は鉄及び鉄基合
金からなる基体にアルミニウムを付着させた後、部分的
に加熱処理することによりアルミニウムを溶融させると
同時に鉄−アルミニウム合金を形成するので、必要な目
的部分にだけ鉄−アルミニウム合金層を形成できて、従
来例のように余分なアルミニウムの除去工程を必要とし
ないものであり、またクラッド法によりアルミニウムを
圧着する方法に比べて基体形状についての制約が少なく
なるものであり、また耐熱性、高温耐食性、耐摩耗性が
必要な部分だけに鉄−アルミニウム合金層を形成するこ
とが可能なだけでなく、一つの部品について複数箇所に
容易に鉄−アルミニウム合金層を形成することができる
ものであり、さらに熱処理により硬化可能は鉄基合金か
らなる基体では鉄−アルミニウム合金層の形成と同時に
基体を熱処理できるものである。According to the first aspect of the present invention, aluminum is adhered to a substrate made of iron and an iron-based alloy and then partially heat-treated to melt the aluminum and simultaneously form an iron-aluminum alloy. Therefore, it is possible to form the iron-aluminum alloy layer only in the necessary target portion and does not require an extra step of removing aluminum as in the conventional example, and compared with the method of crimping aluminum by the clad method. Not only is it possible to form the iron-aluminum alloy layer only on the parts where heat resistance, high temperature corrosion resistance, and wear resistance are required, but there are also fewer restrictions on the shape of the substrate, and there are multiple locations for one part. It is possible to easily form an iron-aluminum alloy layer on the base material, and it can be hardened by heat treatment. In which the formation of the aluminum alloy layer and can heat treating the substrate at the same time.
【００２４】また本発明の請求項２の発明は、鉄及び鉄
基合金からなる基体をアルミニウムが溶融する温度に加
熱した後、これにアルミニウム粉末を吹き付けることに
より、表面に付着したアルミニウムが基体の鉄と反応し
て基体の表面に鉄−アルミニウム合金を形成するので、
基体を加熱した状態でアルミニウム粉末を必要な箇所に
吹き付けることで、必要な箇所に容易に鉄−アルミニウ
ム合金層を形成することができるものであり、また熱処
理により硬化可能な鉄基合金からなる基体を予め硬化処
理可能温度に加熱しておき、必要な部分にだけアルミニ
ウム粉を付着させることにより、必要な部分に鉄−アル
ミニウム合金層を形成すると同時に基体全部の熱硬化処
理が可能になるものである。According to the second aspect of the present invention, a substrate made of iron and an iron-based alloy is heated to a temperature at which aluminum is melted, and then aluminum powder is sprayed onto the substrate so that the aluminum adhered to the surface of the substrate becomes Since it reacts with iron to form an iron-aluminum alloy on the surface of the substrate,
An iron-aluminum alloy layer can be easily formed at a required location by spraying aluminum powder onto a required location while the substrate is heated, and the substrate is made of an iron-based alloy that can be hardened by heat treatment. Is preheated to a temperature at which it can be hardened, and by adhering aluminum powder only to the necessary parts, an iron-aluminum alloy layer can be formed on the necessary parts and at the same time the entire substrate can be heat-cured. is there.
【００２５】また本発明の請求項３の発明は、溶射法に
より溶融状態のアルミニウムを付着させるので、基体へ
のアルミニウムの付きがよく、形成したい部分の全面に
均一に鉄−アルミニウム合金層を形成できるものであ
る。According to the third aspect of the present invention, since aluminum in a molten state is deposited by the thermal spraying method, the aluminum is well attached to the substrate, and the iron-aluminum alloy layer is uniformly formed on the entire surface of the portion to be formed. It is possible.
【図１】本発明の方法で鉄−アルミニウム合金層を基体
の表面に形成した状態の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where an iron-aluminum alloy layer is formed on the surface of a substrate by the method of the present invention.
【図２】同上の基体にアルミニウムの層を付着させた状
態の斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which an aluminum layer is attached to the above substrate.
【図３】同上のレーザーをスキャンして加熱している部
分を示す斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a portion where the laser is scanned and heated.
【図４】同上の基体にも熱硬化した部分を形成したもの
の断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the above-mentioned substrate on which a thermosetting portion is formed.
【符号の説明】 １ 鉄及び鉄基合金からなる基体 ２ 鉄−アルミニウム合金層 ３ アルミニウムの層 ４ レーザがスキャンされて加熱された部分 ５ 熱硬化された基体の部分[Explanation of Codes] 1 Substrate made of iron and iron-based alloy 2 Iron-aluminum alloy layer 3 Layer of aluminum 4 Part heated by laser scanning 5 Part of thermoset substrate
Claims (3)
ウムを付着させた後、部分的に加熱処理することにより
アルミニウムを溶融させると同時に鉄−アルミニウム合
金を形成することを特徴とする鉄及び鉄基合金の硬化方
法。1. Iron and iron, characterized in that after aluminum is adhered to a substrate made of iron and an iron-based alloy, the aluminum is melted by partial heat treatment to simultaneously form an iron-aluminum alloy. Hardening method of base alloy.
ウムが溶融する温度に加熱した後、これにアルミニウム
粉末を吹き付けることにより、表面に付着したアルミニ
ウムが基体の鉄と反応して基体の表面に鉄−アルミニウ
ム合金を形成することを特徴とする鉄及び鉄基合金の硬
化方法。2. A substrate made of iron and an iron-based alloy is heated to a temperature at which aluminum is melted, and then aluminum powder is sprayed onto the substrate so that the aluminum adhering to the surface reacts with the iron of the substrate to form the surface of the substrate. A method for hardening iron and iron-based alloys, which comprises forming an iron-aluminum alloy.
付着させることを特徴とする請求項２記載の鉄及び鉄基
合金の硬化方法。3. A method for hardening iron and an iron-based alloy according to claim 2, wherein aluminum in a molten state is attached by a thermal spraying method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3798896A JPH09228024A (en) | 1996-02-26 | 1996-02-26 | Method for solidifying iron and iron alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3798896A JPH09228024A (en) | 1996-02-26 | 1996-02-26 | Method for solidifying iron and iron alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09228024A true JPH09228024A (en) | 1997-09-02 |
Family
ID=12512957
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3798896A Withdrawn JPH09228024A (en) | 1996-02-26 | 1996-02-26 | Method for solidifying iron and iron alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09228024A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001164355A (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2001-06-19 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Method of forming a coating layer using a technique using foam |
-
1996
- 1996-02-26 JP JP3798896A patent/JPH09228024A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001164355A (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2001-06-19 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Method of forming a coating layer using a technique using foam |
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