JPH09228763A - Laminated pannel and window using same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent generation of water penetration by laminating a transparent glass rod-like member which contains aqueous solution composite layer showing a foggy phenomenon as much as possible and an air layer, and of which the opposed ends are sealed, on a transparent board in a flat manner. SOLUTION: A transparent glass rod-like member 2 contains an aqueous solution composition layer 3 showing a foggy phenomenon a reversibly composed of cellulose derivative having a cellulose structure or the like and an air layer 4, by the content ratio of almost 50:50. The sectional form of the member 2 is square, flat or oval, or the like. The member 2 is formed of glass coated with heat absorption member or near infrared radiation absorbing material. Both the ends of the member 2 is sealed by melted and the member is laminated on a transparent board 1 in a flat manner and the outer circumference is sealed 6. Accordingly water penetration to the aqueous solution composite layer is prevented, thereby maintaining a stable foggy light shielding condition for a long time without changing the composition of aqueous solution composite.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a transparent substrate having a transparent glass rod-like body containing an aqueous solution composition layer and a gas layer showing a cloud point phenomenon in which a transparent state and a cloudy state are reversibly changed by a heat action by heating. The present invention relates to a laminated panel that is laminated. By using this laminated panel for a window, it is possible to provide a window having a new function of blocking the direct rays of the sun with the energy of the direct rays.

[0002]

The present inventor has noticed that sunlight energy is shining on a window. It has been considered that the presence or absence of this energy causes the window glass to autonomously make a transparent-opaque reversible change to make the living space in summer more comfortable. We paid attention to the fact that this autonomous response characteristic is very attractive not only in terms of the feature of shielding only the direct light irradiation surface and the energy saving effect, but also in terms of construction, maintenance and maintenance costs. From this point, the photochromic method and the thermochromic method can be selected from the principles of various types of light control glass, but the thermal action consisting of absorption of direct rays can be used rather than the photochromic method, which has a complicated action mechanism and is affected by heat. I have thought that the thermochromic method is superior.

[0003] Therefore, the present inventor paid attention to an aqueous solution composition exhibiting a cloud point phenomenon in which it is clouded and scattered by heating and shields light from among the thermochromic systems, and is comfortable by controlling the direct response of the direct rays of the sun. We have studied various aspects of windows that can achieve space (eg, buildings, vehicles, etc.) in an energy-saving manner.
The thermochromic method related to the present invention does not cause light shielding in the transparent state because it quickly radiates heat even if it is heated by irradiation absorption of direct rays because the outside air temperature is low in winter, but direct rays in summer. Only the irradiated part can be shielded selectively. By applying this principle, a new window of autonomous response type can be provided, and the present inventor has consistently pursued this problem. Examples of the water-soluble composition exhibiting the cloud point phenomenon include a lyotropic polymer cholesteric liquid crystal using water as a solvent, a polymer aqueous solution, an oligomer aqueous solution, and a surfactant aqueous solution. Hereinafter, the present inventor has mainly studied the cloud point phenomenon, that is, an aqueous solution of a water-soluble polymer that undergoes a phase transition due to heating and causes clouding and shading, but is not limited to this and is a reversible solvent composed of an aqueous solvent. The structure of the present invention can be used as long as it is a water-soluble composition that exhibits a cloud point phenomenon.

The inventor of the present invention has earnestly studied using a laminate of an aqueous solution composition of a water-soluble polymer showing a cloud point phenomenon in a window. As a result, as described in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-62502, uniform reversible stability, phase transition temperature close to room temperature, weather resistance, safety, water permeability resistance, etc. Had to meet the items. The uniform reversible stability may be due to the composition design of the aqueous solution by adding an amphipathic substance, etc., the phase transition temperature near room temperature may be the addition of a low temperature shift agent, the weather resistance may be the absorption / cutting of ultraviolet rays, and the safety is The present inventor has diligently studied as a final subject in order to sufficiently design the composition of an aqueous solution containing a safe compound and to make the remaining water resistance. The characteristics of an aqueous solution composition of a water-soluble polymer exhibiting this cloud point phenomenon (for example, uniform reversibility, cloudiness intensity, cloudiness start temperature, cloudiness change rate, etc.) depend on the concentration, that is, the proportion of water in the solution composition. Therefore, it has been a very important task to prevent evaporation of water due to water permeation and maintain the composition of the aqueous solution. For example, a structure that completely prevents water permeation is required in order to be able to withstand extremely severe use conditions such as in an automobile. For example, in an accelerated high temperature test at a temperature of 100 ° C., 120 ° C., etc., an aqueous solution composition is Although it shows a boiling state, it was required to have a structure that can withstand this. In addition, buildings are required to endure high temperatures in summer and have long-term durability of 20 to 30 years. As described above, the technique of completely preventing water permeation, which is a phenomenon in which water molecules permeate through the sealing and evaporate, and maintain the composition of the aqueous solution composition is an essential and important factor when applied to windows of buildings, vehicles, etc. It was a challenge.

Conventionally, a polyisobutylene-based material for double glazing, which has been put into practical use as a technique for suppressing the water permeability of water molecules,
Sealants such as polysulfides are also effective for this problem. However, even if the laminate composed of the aqueous solution composition and the plate glass is sealed with the above-mentioned sealant, the heat resistance at 80 ° C. or higher is insufficient. In addition to this, acrylic type and epoxy type sealants were examined, but the results were the same. That is,
It is impossible to completely block the permeation of water molecules with an organic sealant, and especially at temperatures of 80 ° C. or higher, the molecular motion of the sealant becomes active and the water permeability rapidly increases. For example, in the case of polyisobutylene-based sealant (Hamatite PRC-488-Y manufactured by Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd.), which has the best water resistance, 20 ° C .: 0.02 g / square meter · day, 40 ° C .:
It is also clear from the fact that it is 0.5 g / sq.m. / day and increases 25 times from room temperature by 20 ° C. Therefore, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 6-198942 by the present inventor
Has invented a structure in which the outer periphery is sealed in a two-stage sealing structure and a water retaining layer having a saturated vapor and / or liquid of water is provided between the first sealing and the second sealing. Although this water retaining layer had some effect, it was not able to withstand the severe temperature conditions described above.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention is theoretically impossible to completely seal the permeation of water molecules by the organic encapsulation. Therefore, the next step is to carry out the inorganic encapsulation in which the permeation of water molecules through the membrane does not occur. I examined it earnestly. The low melting point glass used for electronic devices and the like requires strong adhesion and uniform gap formation in order to inorganically seal the four sides of a large laminated structure of 1 m square or more such as window glass. It is very difficult to do and also requires a very large furnace for uniform heating. More importantly, since the temperature at which the seal is formed is as high as about 400 ° C., it is necessary to inject the aqueous solution composition through the injection hole after the seal is formed, and it cannot be used for a highly viscous aqueous solution composition. The impossibility of injecting this highly viscous aqueous solution composition impairs the most important homogeneous reversible stability. The reason for this was that when a low viscosity aqueous solution composition that was pourable was used, convection occurred when heated and large surface unevenness was observed. Another problem is the sealing of the injection holes.

Therefore, the present inventor created a transparent glass rod-shaped body in which an aqueous solution composition layer and a gas layer which reversibly show a cloud point phenomenon were enclosed in a rod-shaped hollow glass and both ends were sealed. The present invention has been achieved by solving a problem by reaching a structure in which a body is laminated between transparent substrates to form a large-area laminated panel. As a result, by adopting a divided structure of glass rods by hermetically sealing, an inorganic sealing is achieved, and a laminated panel that can completely prevent evaporation of water and withstand long-term and severe conditions is obtained.

[0008]

The problem to be solved is to completely prevent water permeation of an aqueous solution composition layer which reversibly exhibits a cloud point phenomenon and to provide stable white opaque light shielding without changing the composition of the aqueous solution composition. It is to obtain a transparent laminated panel having a structure capable of reliably maintaining the state for a long period of time. Using this laminated panel, it is possible to obtain a highly durable energy-saving window that has a function of blocking the rays of the sun by autonomously responding to the direct rays of the sun.

[0009]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a laminated panel in which an aqueous solution composition layer exhibiting a cloud point phenomenon reversibly is laminated on a transparent substrate. A laminated panel in which transparent glass rods containing the aqueous solution composition layer and a gas layer and sealed at both ends are laminated flatly on a transparent substrate, and an aqueous solution composition layer exhibiting a reversible cloud point phenomenon. In a window using a laminated panel in which a transparent substrate is laminated with a transparent substrate, a laminated panel is formed by planarly laminating a transparent glass rod-shaped body containing the aqueous solution composition layer and a gas layer and sealing both ends on a transparent substrate. The window used is provided.

The sealed transparent glass rod-like body used in the present invention is not only the above-mentioned function of preventing water permeation but also has the following features and can be said to be a very useful structure. 1) Very importantly, in the conventional non-divided simple laminate, the aqueous solution composition layer moved from the upper part to the lower part by its own weight, and a stable laminate could not be obtained. However, a laminated panel in which this aqueous solution composition layer is laminated in a divided structure,
This problem was definitely and completely resolved. 2) In the conventional non-divided simple laminated body, the additive (for example, the agent for adjusting the cloudiness starting temperature) easily caused homogenization due to self-diffusion, so that higher functionality could not be added. Since the self-diffusion can be prevented by the divided structure of the rod-shaped body, a more advanced functional window system (for example, a laminated panel in which the starting temperature is gradually changed from the upper portion to the lower portion) can be obtained. 3) Even if the encapsulated aqueous solution composition has a low viscosity, due to the effect of the divided structure of the glass rod, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of large surface unevenness due to the vertical movement of the cloudy part due to convection, and it is possible to limit it to the unevenness in the glass rod, and it is widely clouded. Changing aqueous solution compositions are now available.

Next, the structure of the present invention and its features will be described. The glass rod-shaped body which is a component of the present invention is obtained by enclosing the aqueous solution composition layer and the gas layer and sealing both ends. The gas layer has different meanings depending on the cross-sectional shape of the glass rod-shaped body, the laminated structure of the glass rod-shaped body, the working angle of the laminated panel, and the like, but the simultaneous inclusion of this gas layer has the following features. 1) The presence of the gas layer enables melt sealing. 2) It is possible to prevent the glass rod-shaped body from being damaged by the gas layer absorbing the volume expansion due to freezing and heating of the aqueous solution composition layer. 3) The weight can be reduced by having a gas layer. 4) Adiabatic property can be obtained by having a gas layer.

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 are embodiments of the present invention, in which 1 is a transparent substrate and 2 is a transparent glass rod having a hollow portion (hereinafter referred to as glass). 4), 3 is an aqueous solution composition layer (hereinafter referred to as an aqueous solution composition layer) that exhibits a cloud point phenomenon reversibly with water as a solvent, and 4
Is a gas layer, 5 is a space layer, 6 is a seal,
Reference numeral 7 is a spacer having a desiccant (hereinafter referred to as desiccant), and 8 is a fixing base.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view when the laminated panel of the present invention is arranged vertically, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 viewed from the surface direction. This is a laminated panel in which a glass rod-shaped body 2 in which an aqueous solution composition layer 3 and a gas layer 4 are approximately half-encapsulated is planarly laminated between the substrates 1 and the outer periphery is sealed 6. Of course,
This planar stack is included in the present invention whether it is arranged entirely or partially. The glass rod-shaped body 2 is obtained by putting the aqueous solution composition layer 3 and the gas layer 4 in the hollow portion of the hollow glass rod-shaped body 2 and heating both ends to seal them. If necessary, a member (for example, a cap, a buried rod, a low melting point glass, a glass adhesive low melting point solder, etc.) may be added for sealing. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described on the basis of fusion sealing of a glass rod. The encapsulated aqueous solution composition layer 3 does not have a great influence on the light-shielding property even if the gas layer 4 is present so that a gap is continuously formed in the horizontal direction on the ground as shown in FIGS. The reason is that, in general, the panel is constructed so that the glass rod-shaped body 2 is parallel to the ground, the aqueous solution composition layer 3 has a thickness of diameter, and the incident angle of the sunlight in summer is taken into consideration. As you can see easily, you can get a sufficient shading effect by looking at the sunrise and part of the sunset. Further, the presence of the gas layer 4 is very important in the use of the roof portion because the window frame structure can be simply designed due to the weight reduction. As a device for further weight reduction, it is advisable to insert a thin hollow tube, hollow sphere, or the like through a spacer (eg, beads) when the inner diameter of the glass rod is large. The layer thickness of the aqueous solution composition layer 3 is
It may be selected from about 0.01 mm to 5 mm, and normally about 0.1 mm to 2 mm is useful for light shielding for this purpose.

Further, since the glass rod-shaped body 2 is a structure in which the aqueous solution composition layer 3 contained therein is completely divided, the glass rod-shaped body 2 having a different composition of the aqueous solution composition layer 3 is laminated according to the purpose. As a result, a functional laminated panel is obtained.
For example, to shift the cloudiness start temperature to a low temperature, for example, sodium chloride or the like can be shifted, and to shift to a high temperature, the addition amount of propylene glycol or the like can be adjusted. However, in the conventional non-divided simple laminated body, even if the concentration is changed, the additive easily self-diffuses and becomes uniform, so that a higher function cannot be added. More specifically, if the panel set in the window is designed to gradually lower the cloudiness start temperature from the lower part to the upper part, it is possible to block direct rays entering from the upper part while maintaining the transparency of the lower part, similar to the eaves. The effect was born, and it was especially effective for the south window in summer. As a result, we were able to obtain an epoch-making high-performance window system in which the light-shielding area of the panel and its extent naturally change autonomously depending on the intensity of sunlight. Further, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the glass rod 2 is provided on the upper portion to block direct sunlight in the summer as in the case of the eaves, and the lower portion is the space layer 5 to secure the visibility as a window. The laminated panel will be a multi-function glazing that has the eaves effect in summer, the heat insulation effect in winter and the transparency similar to conventional windows. Further, the glass rod-like body 2 may be provided at the lowermost portion so as not to impair the see-through property and divided into three. These are ideal windows for the southern surface, especially for tall buildings without eaves. Of course, the ratio of the glass rods 2 to be provided depends on the size of the window, the design intention, etc., and can be selected without any particular limitation. As another example, regarding the arrangement of the glass rods 2, for example, a method of alternately arranging the glass rods 2 containing the aqueous solution composition layer 3 and the light shields (adjusting the amount of incident light),
A method of arranging the glass rod-shaped bodies 2 enclosing the aqueous solution composition layer 2 with a gap provided for each pitch may be adopted. Liquid photosensitive resin used for laminated glass (for example, UVEK manufactured by Daicel UCB)
The glass rod-shaped body 2 may be embedded in the OL-S20 or the like) to provide a damage preventing function.

Next, the glass rod-shaped body 2 may be melt-sealed by a conventional method. For example, a tube having an outer diameter of 6 mm and a wall thickness of 0.5 mm containing the aqueous solution composition layer 3 can easily be 8 mm.
A glass rod-like body 2 having a gas layer of a certain degree and melt-sealed was obtained. The gas layer 4 can be changed depending on the purpose, but it is preferably 10 mm for melt sealing.
As described above, more preferably 30 mm or more is convenient for mass production. Further, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the glass rod 2 are related to the light-shielding property, and particularly in the case of a circular shape, they depend on the ratio of the inner diameter to the wall thickness. Naturally, as the outer diameter of the glass rod 2 is larger, the light-shielding rate (value obtained by dividing the inner diameter by the outer diameter) is higher as the wall thickness is smaller, but the thickness and weight of the panel are increased, and the glass rod 2 is easily damaged. Problems such as come out. Therefore, if the light-shielding rate is the same, the thinner the outer shape, the lighter the weight and the lighter the sash of the window frame, which is economical. In addition, the lighter weight makes it easier to fit the work. There are various types of the glass rods 2 as shown in, for example, the catalog CODE7740 of Iwaki Glass Co., Ltd. Further, the glass rods 2 can be easily thinned by adding a conventional technique such as a heat drawing method or a heat expansion method. It is sufficient if it can be used without any damage. For example, an ultrafine tube having an outer diameter of 0.5 mm and a wall thickness of about 0.1 mm can be processed relatively easily. Therefore, when the circular glass rod-shaped body 2 is taken as an example, its outer diameter is not particularly limited, but may be about 0.5 mm to 50 mm, preferably 1
The thickness may be from 30 mm to 30 mm, and the wall thickness is not particularly limited, but it is necessary to increase the strength in strength as the outer shape increases, but it may be about 0.05 mm to 5 mm, preferably about 0.1 mm to 3 mm. Good. For example, with a circular glass rod-shaped body 2 having an outer diameter of 10 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm has an opening ratio of 80%, an outer diameter of 6 mm and a wall thickness of 0.2 mm has an opening ratio of 93.3%, and an outer diameter of 6 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm. The aperture ratio is 66.6%, and the aperture ratio is 40% when the outer shape is 2 mm and the wall thickness is 0.6 mm. The aqueous solution composition layer 3 having a layer thickness of 0.2 mm can sufficiently shield light. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the glass rod-shaped body 2 is not limited to a circular shape, but a triangular shape,
It may be a modified shape such as a square, a hexagon, an ellipse, or a flat shape.

In order to ensure transparency, the glass rod 2 may have a flat cross section, an ellipse, a square, or the like. Hereinafter, a flat shape will be mainly described as a representative example, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 have a flat shape, which is almost the same as a general transparent plate glass having a periodic line pattern, and it is a laminated structure in which the outside scenery can be visually recognized sufficiently. It is a panel. 3 and 4 are the same laminated panel. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to the flat glass rod 2, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken in a parallel direction. This laminated panel has a circular cross section at both ends of the portion where the gas layer 5 is present, and the flat portion has a glass rod-like body 2 obtained by pressing this circle, and the space layer 5 is provided to obtain a heat insulating effect. is there. This width is
Although it is not particularly limited, it is 6 as in the case of double glazing.
mm or 12 mm is sufficient. Further, any gas such as air or argon may be used. The flat glass rod 2 placed horizontally on the skylight, etc., becomes a pinhole when air enters randomly into the flat part and cannot block that part, so this air was collected at the end. Is the gas layer 4 in FIG. The seals 6-1, 6-2 and the desiccant 7 may have the same structure as that of the conventional double glazing. This also applies to the thin glass rod-shaped body 2. In this case, it is preferable to bend the end portion to form the gas layer 5. The flat glass rod 2 may be bent up in the same manner. Needless to say, this gas layer 4 can be housed in the frame structure of the window. FIG. 5 shows an example of a case where a laminated panel having a flat glass rod 2 is vertically installed as is the case with a general window. The gas layer 4 becomes a portion where the light transmission cannot be controlled in addition to the tube wall of the glass rod-shaped body 2, but there is a method for avoiding this. For example, if the flat glass rod-shaped body 2 has an L-shaped cross-section as shown in FIG. 8, the aqueous solution composition layer 3 is provided in the thickness direction like the circular cross-section, so that the solar radiation is almost completely removed. Can be controlled. In addition, there is also a method of simply performing a light-shielding treatment by means of coating, a member or the like or a scattering treatment in the form of a mat. As another function, if the cross-sectional shape is triangular, if the triangular shape and the arrangement angle of the triangle are set according to the purpose, the prism action can be effectively used especially in winter and sunlight is guided to the interior of the room for illumination. It can also be used as a daylighting window system.
Further, as a structure for dividing the space layer 5 to suppress convection of gas in the space layer, the flat glass rod 2 is horizontally
There is a method of arranging them obliquely to partition the space layer 5. In particular, the laminated panel arranged as shown in FIG. 9 is very effective for the window on the south side. Needless to say, this structure can prevent heat radiation in summer, heat insulation effect in winter, and transparency through four seasons if the thickness of the space layer 4 is determined in consideration of the angle of the sun rays in summer depending on the latitude of the earth. It becomes a window with a large thickness, and if the thickness is large, the width of the pitch is widened and the transparency can be made almost the same as the conventional window. Of course, although not particularly shown, an auxiliary member as an inner frame may be provided to hold the glass rod 2 and the desiccant 7 and to ensure the function of the seal 6. This structure
Needless to say, it can be easily obtained by improving the conventional method of double glazing. Further, if a movable mechanism and a ventilation fan are added, the installation angle of the flat glass rod 2 can be changed, and a window capable of controlling the temperature of the space layer 4 by introducing outside air or indoor air will be described. Needless to say.

FIG. 6 shows the width of the spatial layer 5 (eg 6 mm,
(12 mm, etc.) is as wide as the double glazing and is a laminated panel having a sufficient heat insulating effect. By placing the glass rod 2 containing the aqueous solution composition layer 3 and the gas layer 4 on the substrate 1 on the outdoor side and setting the gas layer 4 on the substrate 1 on the indoor side, the light shielding in the summer and the heat insulation in the winter are more effectively exhibited. it can. As an example, FIG.
A cross-sectional view in which the glass rod-shaped body 2 melt-sealed is provided inside the substrate sealant is shown. 6-1, 6-2, 7, 8 are
They are polyisobutylene-based sealants, polysulfide-based sealants, and spacers having a desiccant, which are used for double glazing. Reference numeral 8 is a fixed base that holds the glass rod 2. This fixation method is, for example,
Form frame, method of mechanically fixing rubber or elastic body such as spring, method of changing spacer 7 having desiccant to use for fixing base (for example, by extending a part of the spacer to form a leaf spring) Etc.), a method of adhering with a silicone resin, a photosensitive acrylic resin, or the like. Since the melt-sealed glass rod 2 is completely sealed, there is no problem even if it is placed in the space layer 5 in a dry state.

Next, although not the subject of the present invention, useful as the aqueous solution composition layer 3 exhibiting a cloud point phenomenon reversibly is as follows:
Among them, it is a water-soluble polymer having a hydrophobic group that exhibits a cloud point phenomenon reversibly in an aqueous solution state. For example, polyvinyl alcohol partial polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl methyl ether, etc., poly N-substituted acrylamide derivative, poly N-isopropyl acrylamide, poly N-ethoxyethyl acrylamide, etc., poly N-substituted methacrylamide derivative, poly N-isopropyl, etc. Poly N, a poly N, N-disubstituted acrylamide derivative such as methacrylamide, poly N-3-ethoxypropyl methacrylamide, etc.
-Methyl N-ethyl acrylamide and the like, and cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropyl cellulose and methyl cellulose. Among them, as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-54427 by the present inventor, the cellulose derivative having a cellulose skeleton has uniform reversible stability, phase transition temperature close to room temperature, weather resistance, safety and economical conditions. It is very useful for this purpose as well, and among them, hydroxypropyl cellulose as a representative thereof is very useful in the present invention because it has very strong durability and high light-shielding property.

The cellulose derivative will be described a little more.
Cellulose becomes soluble in many solvents when functional groups are added. Among them, in order that the aqueous solution of a water-soluble cellulose derivative aggregates into a white turbid state due to an increase in temperature, a hydrophobic bond to a functional group (bonding force due to an increase in affinity between hydrophobic groups due to destruction of bound water) ) Need to work. For that purpose, if the functional group is an ionic group, ionic repulsive force is exerted, which is unsuitable for this purpose, and a hydrophilic group (for example, a hydroxyl group, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, etc.) and a hydrophobic group are used. It is preferable that the nonionic group is combined with (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, etc.). For example, comparing a hydroxyethyl group and a hydroxypropyl group, hydroxyethyl cellulose has a hydrophilic group and is water-soluble, but since it does not have a hydrophobic group, it cannot be aggregated and a cloudy state does not occur. In contrast, hydroxypropyl cellulose is water-soluble and can give rise to an agglomerated cloudy state. Thus, as represented by a hydroxypropyl group, a functional group having both a nonionic hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group is added, and about 25% by weight to about 5% by weight at room temperature.
A water-soluble polysaccharide derivative that can be uniformly dissolved in water even at a high concentration of 0% by weight is useful. The addition of the functional group may be a single type or a plurality of types and is not particularly limited. For example, there is a derivative in which an additional functional group is added to the hydroxyl group of the added hydroxypropyl group, a derivative in which a hydroxypropyl group is added as an additional functional group (eg, addition to hydroxyethyl cellulose, etc.), and a single functional group is added. It is not limited to the derivative. These functional groups and the method for adding them are described in Dai Organic Chemistry No. 19 published by Asakura Shoten.
It is disclosed in detail in the Volume, and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance can be prepared by adding a hydroxyl group, a lower alkyl group, a halogen group or the like by combining these methods with a general addition reaction.

Further, in order to stably maintain the reversible change in the aggregation / molecular dispersion of the water-soluble polymer of the cellulose derivative, it is preferable to add a reversible stabilizer. The reversible stabilizer has been systematically researched and developed by the present inventor.
For example, addition of an amphipathic molecule is preferable in order to repeatedly and reversibly cause a phase change between a cloudy aggregated state and a colorless and transparent state by heating a 33% aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl cellulose. The details are described in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-54427. Since the aqueous solution composition layer 3 exhibiting the cloud point phenomenon is not particularly the subject of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted, but as a typical example, polypropylene glycol or the like is used for hydroxypropyl cellulose. Also, if necessary, for example,
A water-soluble additive described in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-54427 (for example, cloudiness initiation temperature shift agent, ultraviolet absorber, colorant, heat ray absorber, etc.) may be added. Hydroxypropyl cellulose also becomes a lyotropic polymer cholesteric liquid crystal that exhibits a cloud point phenomenon when it is made into a high-concentration aqueous solution of 50% or more and is colored by selectively scattering visible light, and is included in the present invention.

As an example of the low-viscosity aqueous solution composition layer 3, a poly N-substituted acrylamide derivative such as poly N-isopropyl acrylamide, poly N-ethoxyethyl acrylamide, etc. There are low-concentration aqueous solutions of poly N, N-disubstituted acrylamide derivatives such as poly N-methyl N-ethyl acrylamide such as amide and poly N-3-ethoxypropyl methacrylamide. These water-soluble polymers have some influence on the molecular weight, but those exhibiting a sufficient clouding and light-shielding effect cannot be used because they easily undergo irreversible self-aggregation upon heating at a concentration of 5% by weight or more. Further, it has been difficult to reliably maintain the self-aggregation separation even by devising the additive. However, when the concentration is less than 5% by weight, more preferably from 3% by weight or less to about 0.1% by weight, the concentration is low, so that self-aggregation and separation do not occur, and light-shielding property is also preferable. At this low concentration, the viscosity was low, and convection was easily generated by heating. However, the divided structure of the glass rod 2 could prevent the generation of convection.

The glass rod 2 is soda lime glass,
There are borosilicate glass, glass that can absorb heat rays and ultraviolet rays, and the like, and they can be widely used without particular limitation. Especially,
Materials that absorb heat rays and ultraviolet rays are useful. The heat ray absorbing glass includes heat ray absorbing glass designed to absorb sunlight energy, glass coated with a near infrared ray absorbing agent, and the like. Among them, for example, a green heat ray absorbing glass designed to strongly absorb ultraviolet rays and near infrared rays due to addition of cerium, titanium, iron or the like may be used. When glass that efficiently absorbs solar energy is used, the thickness of the outer wall of the glass rod 2 can be reduced, which is advantageous for weight reduction. However, it should be noted that water absorbs near infrared rays and is heated directly. Next, in order to absorb and cut ultraviolet rays, there are a method of coating an absorption cut layer and a method of glass bulk absorption. The method of coating the absorption cut layer is, for example, Super Flon R24 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.
0, there is Tonensha's polysilazane based inorganic type UV cut coating material etc., and the method of glass bulk absorption is
For example, a glass composition such as Greenral SP manufactured by Central Glass Co., which absorbs ultraviolet rays, Firelight manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd., or ITY manufactured by Isuzu Seiko Glass Co., Ltd., which cuts ultraviolet rays by scattering fine particles of copper halide may be used.

As the substrate 1, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, heat ray absorbing / ultraviolet absorbing glass and the like can be used as the glass, and they can be widely used without particular limitation. Further, plate glass such as tempered glass, heat-resistant glass, laminated glass, and meshed glass can also be used without particular limitation. Glass described by the material of the glass rod 2, for example, Green glass SP of Central Glass Co., which absorbs ultraviolet rays, Firelight of Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd., of Isuzu Seiko Glass Co., Ltd., which cuts ultraviolet rays by fine particle scattering of copper halide. Flat glass such as TYY is useful. However, if the thickness of ordinary soda lime glass is about 5 mm or more, the UV transmission of 350 nm or less will be drastically reduced, which is preferable in terms of weather resistance. Naturally, the thicker it is, the stronger the heat ray absorption becomes, and the thicker plate is advantageous for selective light shielding. Is. Ordinary soda lime glass absorbs ultraviolet rays, but when it becomes thin, it easily transmits ultraviolet rays. Therefore, when using a thin plate of about 4 mm or less, an ultraviolet absorbing / cutting layer (for example, Super Freon from Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) is used. R2
40, polysilazane-based inorganic type UV cut coating material, multi-stage vapor deposition film, etc. of Tonensha Co., Ltd.) is preferably provided. However, when it is 5 mm or more, ultraviolet absorption of 350 nm or less is also strengthened, which is advantageous. For plastic,
Polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin and the like are available, and ultraviolet rays of 370 nm or less can be absorbed and cut by adding an ultraviolet absorber, lamination, etc., which are useful. The plastic substrate 1 has a feature that it is easy to use because it is easily deformed in a curved laminated panel.

As described above, the laminated panel of the present invention can introduce sunlight into a room almost in the same manner as general template glass except that it does not block sunlight. Therefore, it is possible to provide a non-conventional energy-saving slab glass that blocks direct sunlight in the high temperature environment in summer (provides shade) and transmits direct sunlight in the cold environment in winter as well (provides sunlight). . Of course, even in the summer, cloudy sun, shadows of buildings, shade of trees, and no cloudy light at night. As a result, skylights, building atriums, dome roofs, stadium roofs, indoor pool roofs, station building roofs, approach roofs, windows above the south line of sight (it becomes an eaves effect), south side roof shape. Very effective for sloping windows, greenhouses, etc. As described above, the window of the present invention is used in a broad sense including the roof.

[0025]

As described above, the effects of the present invention are
1) As a result of the divided structure, the weight drop of the aqueous solution composition layer 3 was completely solved. 2) As a result of the divided structure, it is possible to obtain a highly functional window system because it can prevent self-diffusion of molecules and can arrange the glass rods 2 selectively. 3)
The presence of the gas layer 4 enables reliable and good sealing,
The aqueous solution composition layer 3 was very effective in preventing breakage due to expansion change, weight reduction, heat insulation, and the like. As a result, the present invention can effectively introduce solar energy with comfort and energy saving, so skylights, building atriums, dome roofs, stadium roofs, indoor pool roofs, station building roofs, approach roofs, south roofs. It can be used very effectively for windows above the line of sight (become an eaves effect), roof-shaped sloping windows on the south side, greenhouses, etc.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 substrate 2 glass rod 3 aqueous solution composition layer showing reversible cloud point phenomenon 4 gas layer 5 space layer 6 sealing 7 spacer with desiccant 8 fixing base

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] May 21, 1996

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Brief description of drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.
You.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a fine layer panel that is an example of the present invention.
You.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.
You.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 substrate 2 glass rod 3 aqueous solution composition layer showing reversible cloud point phenomenon 4 gas layer 5 space layer 6 sealing 7 spacer with desiccant 8 fixing base

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A laminated panel in which an aqueous solution composition layer exhibiting a cloud point phenomenon reversibly is laminated on a transparent substrate, and a transparent glass rod-shaped body containing the aqueous solution composition layer and a gas layer and sealing both ends thereof. A laminated panel formed by stacking two-dimensionally on a transparent substrate. 2. The laminated panel according to claim 1, wherein the glass rod-like body has a square, flat or elliptical cross-section to have high transparency. 3. The laminated panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both ends of the glass rod are deformed to collect a gas layer on at least one end. 4. The laminated panel according to claim 1, 2 or 3 having a structure in which a space layer is provided in addition to the glass rod layer. 5. The laminated panel according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein a desiccant is provided on the peripheral portion. 6. In a window using a laminated panel in which an aqueous solution composition layer exhibiting a cloud point phenomenon reversibly is laminated with a transparent substrate, a transparent panel in which the aqueous solution composition layer and a gas layer are enclosed and both ends are sealed. A window using a laminated panel in which glass rods are laminated in a plane on a transparent substrate. 7. A window according to claim 6, wherein a laminated panel having a structure in which a space layer is provided in addition to the glass rod layer is used. 8. A laminated panel having a structure in which a glass rod layer is provided on an upper part and a space layer is provided on a lower part to provide an eaves effect, a heat insulating effect and a see-through property. The window of item 6 or 7. 9. A laminated panel having a structure in which square, flat or elliptical glass rods are arranged so as to divide a space layer to have an eaves effect, a heat insulating effect and a see-through property. The window according to claim 6 or 7.