JPH0924293A - Waste plastic separation method - Google Patents
Waste plastic separation methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0924293A JPH0924293A JP19622095A JP19622095A JPH0924293A JP H0924293 A JPH0924293 A JP H0924293A JP 19622095 A JP19622095 A JP 19622095A JP 19622095 A JP19622095 A JP 19622095A JP H0924293 A JPH0924293 A JP H0924293A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waste plastic
- resin
- plastic raw
- xylene
- soluble
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 廃プラスチックから、ポリスチレン系樹脂、
ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、及び
ポリエステル系樹脂を精度良く分別する。
【構成】 粉状の廃プラスチック原料を冷キシレンに入
れて溶解するポリスチレン系樹脂及びこれに含まれる可
塑剤と、これに溶けないその他の廃プラスチック原料
(A)に分け、冷キシレンに溶けなかった廃プラスチッ
ク原料(A)をテトラヒドロフランに入れて、溶解する
ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂とその可塑剤と、溶解しないそ
の他の廃プラスチック原料(B)に分け、テトラヒドロ
フランに溶けなかった廃プラスチック原料(B)を熱キ
シレンに溶解するポリオレフィン系樹脂と、溶解しない
その他の廃プラスチック原料(C)に分け、更に熱キシ
レンに溶解しなかった廃プラスチック原料(C)を熱m
−クレゾールに入れて溶解するポリエステル系樹脂と、
溶解しないフィラー及びその他の合成樹脂に分ける。
(57) [Summary] [Purpose] From waste plastics to polystyrene resins,
Accurately separate polyvinyl chloride resin, polyolefin resin, and polyester resin. [Structure] A powdery waste plastic raw material was put into cold xylene and dissolved into a polystyrene-based resin and a plasticizer contained therein, and other waste plastic raw materials (A) that were not soluble in this, and were not soluble in cold xylene. Put the waste plastic raw material (A) in tetrahydrofuran and divide it into a soluble polyvinyl chloride resin and its plasticizer and other insoluble waste plastic raw material (B), and dispose of the waste plastic raw material (B) not dissolved in tetrahydrofuran. It is divided into a polyolefin resin that dissolves in hot xylene and other waste plastic raw materials (C) that do not dissolve, and the waste plastic raw material (C) that does not dissolve in hot xylene is heated m
-A polyester resin that dissolves in cresol,
Divide into insoluble fillers and other synthetic resins.
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、複数のプラスチッ
クが混合した廃プラスチックから、ポリスチレン系樹
脂、ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、
及びポリエステル系樹脂を分別する方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a polystyrene resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polyolefin resin, a waste plastic containing a plurality of plastics,
And a method for separating a polyester resin.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、家庭用、工業用として多種類のプ
ラスチックが使用されているが、最終的にはこれらは、
都市ゴミ又は産業廃棄物(以下、単に廃プラスチックと
いう)として廃棄されている。これらの廃プラスチック
には、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂、
ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂等の熱可塑
性樹脂や、熱硬化性樹脂が含まれており、焼却処理する
と含まれている塩素等によって公害となるので、適切に
処理してこれらを資源として再利用することが好まし
い。このような廃棄物からプラスチック等を回収する方
法としては、例えば特公昭54−3310号公報に記載
の廃棄物の処理および有価物質の分別回収方法があり、
廃棄物を水及び石油系炭化水素(キシレン)の混合液中
で攪拌して、分別することが提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, many kinds of plastics have been used for household and industrial purposes, but finally, these are
It is disposed of as municipal waste or industrial waste (hereinafter simply referred to as waste plastic). These waste plastics include polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin,
Thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin resins and polyester resins and thermosetting resins are contained, and when incinerated, it will be polluted by chlorine contained, so appropriately treat them and reuse them as resources. Preferably. As a method of recovering plastics or the like from such wastes, for example, there is a method of waste disposal and a method of separating and recovering valuable substances described in JP-B-54-3310.
It has been proposed to stir the waste in a mixed liquid of water and petroleum hydrocarbon (xylene) to fractionate it.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記公
報に記載の方法では、ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂とポリエ
ステル系樹脂の分離が確立されておらず、また含まれる
多種類のプラスチックをその成分ごと精度良く分けるこ
とは困難であるという問題があった。本発明はかかる事
情に鑑みてなされたもので、廃プラスチックから、ポリ
スチレン系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂、ポリオレフ
ィン系樹脂、及びポリエステル系樹脂を精度良く分別す
る方法を提供することを目的とする。However, in the method described in the above publication, the separation of the polyvinyl chloride resin and the polyester resin is not established, and the various types of plastics contained in each of the components are accurately measured. There was a problem that it was difficult to divide. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for accurately separating polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyolefin resin, and polyester resin from waste plastic.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的に沿う請求項1
記載の廃プラスチックの分別方法は、ポリスチレン系樹
脂、ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、
及びポリエステル系樹脂の2種以上を含む粉状の廃プラ
スチック原料を、冷キシレンに入れて溶解するポリスチ
レン系樹脂及びこれに含まれる可塑剤と、これに溶けな
いその他の廃プラスチック原料(A)に分ける工程と、
前記冷キシレンに溶けなかった廃プラスチック原料
(A)をテトラヒドロフランに入れて、溶解するポリ塩
化ビニール系樹脂とその可塑剤と、溶解しないその他の
廃プラスチック原料(B)に分ける工程と、前記テトラ
ヒドロフランに溶けなかった廃プラスチック原料(B)
を熱キシレンに溶解するポリオレフィン系樹脂と、溶解
しないその他の廃プラスチック原料(C)に分ける工程
と、前記熱キシレンに溶解しなかった廃プラスチック原
料(C)を熱m−クレゾールに入れて溶解するポリエス
テル系樹脂と、溶解しないフィラー及びその他の合成樹
脂に分ける工程とを有している。また、請求項2記載の
廃プラスチックの分別方法は、請求項1記載の方法にお
いて、前記冷キシレンによって溶解分離したポリスチレ
ン系樹脂及びこれに含まれる可塑剤を、更にメタノール
/アセトンの溶媒に可溶する可塑剤と、不溶分であるポ
リスチレン系樹脂に分離している。そして、請求項3記
載の廃プラスチックの分別方法は、請求項1又は2記載
の方法において、前記テトラヒドロフランによって溶解
分離したポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂及びその可塑剤を、冷
キシレンを用いて可溶する可塑剤と、不溶分であるポリ
塩化ビニール系樹脂に分けている。なお、以上におい
て、ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂にはポリ塩化ビニール(P
VC)、ポリ塩化ビニリデン(PVDC)を含み、ポリ
オレフィン系樹脂にはポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロ
ピレン(PP)を含む。According to the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising:
Separation method of the waste plastic described, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyolefin resin,
And a powdery waste plastic raw material containing two or more kinds of polyester resin in cold xylene, which dissolves in a polystyrene resin and a plasticizer contained therein, and other waste plastic raw materials (A) which do not dissolve in this The process of dividing
A step of putting the waste plastic raw material (A) which was not dissolved in the cold xylene into tetrahydrofuran, and separating it into a soluble polyvinyl chloride resin and its plasticizer and other insoluble waste plastic raw material (B); Raw plastic material that did not melt (B)
Is divided into a polyolefin resin that is soluble in hot xylene and another waste plastic raw material (C) that is not soluble, and the waste plastic raw material (C) that is not soluble in hot xylene is placed in hot m-cresol and dissolved. It has a step of dividing into a polyester resin, a filler that does not dissolve and a synthetic resin. The method for separating waste plastics according to claim 2 is the method according to claim 1, wherein the polystyrene resin dissolved and separated by the cold xylene and the plasticizer contained therein are further soluble in a solvent of methanol / acetone. It is separated into a plasticizer and a polystyrene resin that is insoluble. The method for separating waste plastic according to claim 3 is the method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyvinyl chloride resin and its plasticizer dissolved and separated by the tetrahydrofuran are dissolved by using cold xylene. It is divided into agents and polyvinyl chloride resin, which is insoluble. In the above, polyvinyl chloride (P
VC) and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), and the polyolefin resin includes polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP).
【0005】[0005]
【作用】請求項1〜3記載の廃プラスチックの分別方法
においては、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニール系
樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、及びポリエステル系樹脂
の2種以上を含む粉状の廃プラスチック原料を、冷キシ
レンに入れると、同じ芳香族系のポリスチレン系樹脂、
及びポリスチレン系樹脂に含まれていた可塑剤が溶解す
るが、他の廃プラスチック原料(A)は溶解しないの
で、これによってポリスチレン系樹脂を分離することが
できる。なお、廃プラスチック原料と冷キシレンを混合
した後は、溶解速度を速めるために例えば超音波溶解を
行うのが好ましい。次に、前記冷キシレンに溶解しなか
った廃プラスチック原料(A)を取り出して、テトラヒ
ドロフランに溶解させる。この場合の溶解を速めるため
に、超音波溶解を合わせて行うのが好ましい。テトラヒ
ドロフランは有機塩素化合物溶剤であるので、塩素を含
むポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂は溶解して分離される。一
方、テトラヒドロフランに溶解しなかったその他の廃プ
ラスチック原料(B)は、加圧濾過器に入れて熱キシレ
ン沸騰溶解を行うと、ポリオレフィン系樹脂は溶解する
ので、これによって分離できる。この場合、ポリオレフ
ィン系樹脂が溶解した熱キシレンをメタノール/アセト
ンの溶媒に投入すると、ポリオレフィン系樹脂が沈殿し
て分離できる。前記熱キシレンに溶解しなかった廃プラ
スチック原料(C)から、更に加圧濾過器によって熱m
−クレゾールに溶解するポリエステル系樹脂を分離でき
る。このポリエステル系樹脂が溶解した熱m−クレゾー
ルをメタノール/アセトンの溶媒に投入するとポリエス
テル系樹脂が沈殿する。この熱m−クレゾールの不溶分
には、フィラー、エポキシ、フェノール等の熱硬化性樹
脂がある。特に、請求項2記載の廃プラスチックの分別
方法においては、冷キシレンに溶解させて分離したポリ
スチレン系樹脂及びこれに含まれる可塑剤を、更にメタ
ノール/アセトンの溶媒に入れて、これに可溶する可塑
剤と、これの不溶分であるポリスチレン系樹脂に分離し
ているので、結果として廃プラスチック原料からポリス
チレン系樹脂を分離できることになる。また、請求項3
記載の廃プラスチックの分別方法においては、テトラヒ
ドロフランによって溶解分離したポリ塩化ビニール系樹
脂及びその可塑剤の混合物から、冷キシレンを用いて可
溶しないポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂を分離している。この
ポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂には、PVC及びPVDCが含
まれるが、これらは赤外線透過法(IR法)、又はその
他の分析方法によって概略成分比が求められる。In the method for separating waste plastics according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a powdery waste plastic raw material containing two or more kinds of polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyolefin resin, and polyester resin is used. When placed in cold xylene, the same aromatic polystyrene resin,
Since the plasticizer contained in the polystyrene resin dissolves, but the other waste plastic raw material (A) does not dissolve, the polystyrene resin can be separated by this. After mixing the waste plastic raw material and cold xylene, it is preferable to perform ultrasonic melting, for example, in order to increase the dissolution rate. Next, the waste plastic raw material (A) that was not dissolved in the cold xylene is taken out and dissolved in tetrahydrofuran. In order to accelerate the dissolution in this case, ultrasonic dissolution is preferably performed together. Since tetrahydrofuran is an organic chlorine compound solvent, polyvinyl chloride resin containing chlorine is dissolved and separated. On the other hand, when the other waste plastic raw material (B) which is not dissolved in tetrahydrofuran is placed in a pressure filter and subjected to hot xylene boiling dissolution, the polyolefin resin is dissolved and can be separated by this. In this case, when hot xylene in which the polyolefin resin is dissolved is added to a solvent of methanol / acetone, the polyolefin resin precipitates and can be separated. From the waste plastic raw material (C) that was not dissolved in the hot xylene, heat m
-The polyester resin that dissolves in cresol can be separated. When hot m-cresol in which this polyester resin is dissolved is added to a solvent of methanol / acetone, the polyester resin is precipitated. The insoluble matter of the hot m-cresol includes a thermosetting resin such as a filler, epoxy, or phenol. In particular, in the method for separating waste plastics according to claim 2, the polystyrene resin dissolved in cold xylene and separated and the plasticizer contained therein are further dissolved in a solvent of methanol / acetone. Since the plasticizer and the polystyrene resin which is an insoluble component of the plasticizer are separated, as a result, the polystyrene resin can be separated from the waste plastic raw material. Claim 3
In the waste plastic separation method described above, cold xylene is used to separate the insoluble polyvinyl chloride resin from the mixture of the polyvinyl chloride resin dissolved and separated with tetrahydrofuran and its plasticizer. This polyvinyl chloride-based resin includes PVC and PVDC, and their approximate component ratios are determined by the infrared transmission method (IR method) or other analysis methods.
【0006】[0006]
【実施例】続いて、添付した図面を参照しつつ、本発明
を具体化した実施例につき説明し、本発明の理解に供す
る。ここに、図1〜図4は本発明の一実施例に係る廃プ
ラスチックの分別方法の溶剤分画フロー図である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments embodying the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. Here, FIGS. 1 to 4 are solvent fractionation flow charts of a waste plastic fractionation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【0007】まず、図1に示すように液体窒素等によっ
て凍結して破砕した廃プラスチックの粉末(フラフ)1
gを精秤して、100mlビーカに採り、キシレンを1
00ml添加して、超音波溶解を30分以上行い100
00rpmで遠心分離を20分間行う。これによって、
廃プラスチック原料にポリスチレン系樹脂(PS)が含
まれている場合には冷キシレンに溶解するので、表面の
上澄み液を500mlビーカに移した後、更にキシレン
100mlを加えて超音波溶解を10分間行い、遠心分
離によって不溶分を沈殿させ、上澄み液を前記500m
lビーカに入れる。これによって、廃プラスチック原料
中のポリスチレン系樹脂の殆どがキシレン中に溶解する
ので、500mlを加熱して、キシレン溶剤が50ml
になるまでキシレンを揮散させる。First, as shown in FIG. 1, a waste plastic powder (fluff) 1 frozen and crushed by liquid nitrogen or the like 1
Weigh g accurately and place it in a 100 ml beaker.
Add 00 ml and sonicate for 30 minutes or longer to 100
Centrifuge at 00 rpm for 20 minutes. by this,
If the waste plastic raw material contains polystyrene resin (PS), it will dissolve in cold xylene, so transfer the supernatant of the surface to a 500 ml beaker, then add 100 ml of xylene and perform ultrasonic lysis for 10 minutes. Insoluble matter is precipitated by centrifugation, and the supernatant is added to the above 500 m.
Put in 1 beaker. As a result, most of the polystyrene-based resin in the waste plastic raw material is dissolved in xylene, so 500 ml is heated and 50 ml of xylene solvent is added.
Evaporate xylene until.
【0008】この後、前記500mlビーカにメタノー
ル/アセトン(7/3)の溶媒を450ml入れて、ポ
リスチレン系樹脂粉を析出させるが、これによって液が
白濁する。この状態で一夜放置して略完全にポリスチレ
ン系樹脂粉を析出させた後、0.2μmのPTFE(ポ
リテトラフルオロエチレン)製メンブランフィルタで吸
引濾過を行い、析出したポリスチレン系樹脂を分離し、
風乾燥した後、60℃で2時間の真空乾燥を行いポリス
チレン系樹脂粉体を分離して重量を測定する。一方、前
記吸引濾過した濾液は、溶剤をある程度蒸発させた後、
重さを計ったビーカに濃縮溶剤を移し、溶剤を更に蒸発
させて真空乾燥を行うことによって、ポリスチレン系樹
脂に添加され、キシレンに溶けてメタノール/アセトン
に溶けた可塑剤及び芳香族系の添加剤等が分離される。Thereafter, 450 ml of a solvent of methanol / acetone (7/3) was put into the 500 ml beaker to precipitate polystyrene resin powder, which caused the liquid to become cloudy. After standing overnight in this state to substantially completely precipitate the polystyrene resin powder, suction filtration is performed with a 0.2 μm PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane filter to separate the precipitated polystyrene resin,
After air drying, vacuum drying is performed at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to separate the polystyrene resin powder and measure the weight. On the other hand, the filtrate filtered by suction is, after evaporating the solvent to some extent,
Transfer the concentrated solvent to a weighed beaker, evaporate the solvent further and perform vacuum drying to add it to the polystyrene resin, and then add the plasticizer and aromatics that are dissolved in xylene and dissolved in methanol / acetone. Agents are separated.
【0009】次に、図2に示すように、冷キシレンに不
溶分は、これを分離してテトラヒドロフラン(TH
F)100mlに入れて超音波溶解を30分以上行い、
遠心分離を20分間行って、テトラヒドロフランの可溶
分と不溶分に分ける。ここで、テトラヒドロフランに可
溶する分には、ポリ塩化ビニール(PVC)、ポリ塩化
ビニリデン(PVDC)があり、これを重さを計った2
00mlのビーカに入れる。一方、テトラヒドロフラン
に不溶分は、更にこれを集めてテトラヒドロフラン10
0mlを入れて超音波溶解を10分程度行い、遠心分離
してテトラヒドロフランに可溶分は前記200mlのビ
ーカに入れる。この200mlビーカ内の溶剤を蒸発
後、60℃、2時間の真空乾燥を行い、重量計算を行
う。これによってテトラヒドロフランに溶解するポリ塩
化ビニール系樹脂に属するポリ塩化ビニール(PV
C)、ポリ塩化ビニリデン(PVDC)及びその可塑剤
の混合物の重量が分かる。Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the insoluble matter in cold xylene is separated and separated into tetrahydrofuran (TH
F) Put in 100 ml and sonicate for 30 minutes or more,
Centrifuge for 20 minutes to separate the soluble and insoluble parts of tetrahydrofuran. Here, there are polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) in the portion soluble in tetrahydrofuran, and these were weighed 2
Place in a 00 ml beaker. On the other hand, the insoluble matter in tetrahydrofuran is further collected and
Add 0 ml and sonicate for about 10 minutes, centrifuge and add the soluble portion in tetrahydrofuran to the 200 ml beaker. After evaporating the solvent in the 200 ml beaker, vacuum drying is performed at 60 ° C. for 2 hours, and the weight is calculated. As a result, polyvinyl chloride (PV) belonging to the polyvinyl chloride resin that dissolves in tetrahydrofuran
The weight of C), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) and its plasticizer mixture is known.
【0010】次に、前記混合物にキシレン100mlを
入れて超音波溶解を30分程度行い、0.2μmPTF
E製メンブランフィルタで吸引濾過を行い、キシレンに
可溶分がポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂に添加されていた可塑
剤である。そして、不溶分は、PVC、PVDCである
ので、風乾燥を行い60℃で2時間程度真空乾燥を行
い、重量測定を行う。この乾燥物は、PVCとPVDC
の混合物であるので、めのう乳鉢で粉砕後、KBr錠剤
法により赤外線吸収分析を行って、PVCとPVDCに
特徴的な吸光度比からPVCとPVDCの割合を測定す
ることになる。Next, 100 ml of xylene was added to the above mixture and ultrasonic dissolution was carried out for about 30 minutes to obtain 0.2 μm PTF.
This is a plasticizer in which a soluble component in xylene was added to the polyvinyl chloride resin by suction filtration with a membrane filter manufactured by E. Since the insoluble matter is PVC or PVDC, air-drying is performed, vacuum drying is performed at 60 ° C. for about 2 hours, and weight measurement is performed. This dried product is PVC and PVDC
Since it is a mixture of the above, after crushing in an agate mortar, infrared absorption analysis is performed by the KBr tablet method, and the ratio of PVC and PVDC is measured from the absorbance ratio characteristic of PVC and PVDC.
【0011】続いて、図3に示すように、テトラヒドロ
フランの不溶分を加圧濾過器に入れ、キシレンを40
0ml入れると共に、窒素ガス雰囲気で置換し、シリコ
ンオイルを循環させながら、150℃程度で3時間加熱
する。これによって、熱キシレン可溶分と不溶分とに分
離できるので、0.2μmPTFE製メンブランフィル
タを通してポリオレフィン系樹脂が可溶している熱キシ
レン可溶分と不溶分に分離する。そして、熱キシレン不
溶分を一旦70℃以下に冷却して、窒素ガス置換を行う
と共にキシレン300mlを入れて密封攪拌を行い、再
度150℃、3時間程度加熱する。これによって、不溶
分に含まれている熱キシレン可溶分が更に溶解するの
で、加圧濾過して不溶分と可溶分を再度分離し、先に分
離してポリオレフィン系樹脂が可溶しているキシレンに
混入し、加熱してキシレンが100ml残る程度に蒸発
後、メタノール/アセトン(7/3)を徐々に添加して
一夜放置する。Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, the insoluble matter of tetrahydrofuran was put into a pressure filter, and xylene was added to 40 wt.
0 ml is added, the atmosphere is replaced with a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and the silicon oil is circulated and heated at about 150 ° C. for 3 hours. As a result, the hot xylene soluble component and the insoluble component can be separated, so that the polyolefin resin is separated into the soluble xylene soluble component and the insoluble component through the 0.2 μm PTFE membrane filter. Then, the hot xylene-insoluble matter is once cooled to 70 ° C. or lower, nitrogen gas is replaced, 300 ml of xylene is added, the mixture is hermetically stirred, and again heated at 150 ° C. for about 3 hours. As a result, the heat-soluble xylene-soluble matter contained in the insoluble matter is further dissolved, so that the insoluble matter and the soluble matter are separated again by pressure filtration, and the polyolefin-based resin is soluble in advance by separation. After mixing with existing xylene and evaporating so that 100 ml of xylene remains by heating, methanol / acetone (7/3) is gradually added and left overnight.
【0012】これによって、ポリエチレン(PE)、ポ
リプロピレン(PP)等のポリオレフィン系樹脂が析出
沈殿するので、0.2μmPTFE製メンブランフィル
タを用いてこれらを分離する。これによって、ポリオレ
フィン系樹脂を分離し、風乾燥後60℃、2時間の真空
乾燥をおこない、ポリオレフィン系樹脂の固形物を得
る。これをめのう乳鉢で粉砕後、加熱セル(230℃)
で透過法によって赤外線吸収測定を行い、ポリエチレン
(PE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)の割合を測定する。As a result, a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) is deposited and precipitated, so that these are separated using a 0.2 μm PTFE membrane filter. Thereby, the polyolefin resin is separated, dried in air and then vacuum dried at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a solid polyolefin resin. After crushing this in an agate mortar, heating cell (230 ℃)
Infrared absorption measurement is performed by the transmission method to measure the ratio of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP).
【0013】一方、メタノール/アセトンの溶媒に溶け
た可溶分は、蒸発濃縮を行ってある程度の溶媒を飛ば
し、重さの分かった100mlビーカに入れて2時間、
60℃の蒸発真空乾燥を行う。これによって、熱キシレ
ンに可溶でメタノール/アセトンにも可溶な可塑剤、配
合剤、有機溶剤及び固形剤等が検出される。On the other hand, the soluble component dissolved in a solvent of methanol / acetone was evaporated and concentrated to remove a certain amount of the solvent, and then placed in a 100 ml beaker of known weight for 2 hours.
Evaporation vacuum drying at 60 ° C is performed. As a result, a plasticizer, a compounding agent, an organic solvent, a solid agent and the like which are soluble in hot xylene and also soluble in methanol / acetone are detected.
【0014】次に、図4に示すように、熱キシレン不溶
分は、m−クレゾール400ml内に入れて、窒素ガ
ス雰囲気で180℃に加熱して3時間の密封攪拌を行
う。これによって含まれているポリフタレート(PE
T)等のポリエステル系樹脂がm−クレゾールに溶解す
るので、窒素ガスを注入した加圧・濾過を行い、m−ク
レゾール可溶分と、m−クレゾール不溶分とに分離す
る。m−クレゾール可溶分は、加熱することによってm
−クレゾールを100ml程度までに蒸発させ、メタノ
ール/アセトン(7/3)900mlを徐々に添加して
一夜放置する。これによって、ポリフタレート(PE
T)等のポリエステル系樹脂が析出するので、0.2μ
mPTFE製メンブランフィルタで濾過して、風乾燥
後、60℃、2時間の真空乾燥を行い、ポリエステル系
樹脂の重量を測定する。Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the hot xylene-insoluble matter is put in 400 ml of m-cresol, heated to 180 ° C. in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and hermetically stirred for 3 hours. Polyphthalate (PE included by this
Since the polyester resin such as T) is dissolved in m-cresol, it is pressurized and filtered by injecting nitrogen gas to separate it into m-cresol-soluble matter and m-cresol-insoluble matter. The m-cresol-soluble component is heated to m
-Evaporate the cresol to about 100 ml, slowly add 900 ml of methanol / acetone (7/3) and let stand overnight. As a result, polyphthalate (PE
0.2μ because polyester resin such as T) is deposited.
After filtering with a membrane filter made of mPTFE, air drying, and vacuum drying at 60 ° C. for 2 hours, the weight of the polyester resin is measured.
【0015】また、m−クレゾールの不溶分は、冷却
後、風乾燥して60℃、2時間の真空乾燥を行い、重量
を測定すると、これによって不溶分(例えば、熱硬化性
樹脂、フィラー)が重量測定される。以上の方法によっ
て、廃プラスチック原料内に含まれていた熱可塑性樹脂
の各成分を分析することができる。Further, the insoluble matter of m-cresol is cooled, air-dried and then vacuum dried at 60 ° C. for 2 hours, and the weight is measured, whereby the insoluble matter (for example, thermosetting resin, filler) is obtained. Is weighed. By the above method, each component of the thermoplastic resin contained in the waste plastic raw material can be analyzed.
【0016】[0016]
【発明の効果】請求項1〜3記載の廃プラスチックの分
別方法は以上の説明からも明らかなように、廃プラスチ
ック中のポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニール系樹
脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、及びポリエステル系樹脂等
の主要成分を効率良く、更には精度良く分画できる。従
って、廃プラスチックを資源としてリサイクルできる
他、廃プラスチックから種々の製品を製造する場合、及
び処理する場合に役立てることができる。As is apparent from the above description, the method for separating waste plastics according to claims 1 to 3 is such that polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyolefin resin, and polyester resin in the waste plastics. The main components such as can be fractionated efficiently and accurately. Therefore, the waste plastic can be recycled as a resource and can be useful when various products are manufactured from the waste plastic and when it is processed.
【図1】本発明の一実施例に係る廃プラスチックの分別
方法の溶剤分画フロー図である。FIG. 1 is a solvent fractionation flow chart of a waste plastic fractionation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】本発明の一実施例に係る廃プラスチックの分別
方法の溶剤分画フロー図である。FIG. 2 is a solvent fractionation flow chart of a waste plastic sorting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図3】本発明の一実施例に係る廃プラスチックの分別
方法の溶剤分画フロー図である。FIG. 3 is a solvent fractionation flow chart of a waste plastic sorting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図4】本発明の一実施例に係る廃プラスチックの分別
方法の溶剤分画フロー図である。FIG. 4 is a solvent fractionation flow chart of a waste plastic sorting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (3)
系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、及びポリエステル系樹
脂の2種以上を含む粉状の廃プラスチック原料を、冷キ
シレンに入れて溶解するポリスチレン系樹脂及びこれに
含まれる可塑剤と、これに溶けないその他の廃プラスチ
ック原料(A)に分ける工程と、 前記冷キシレンに溶けなかった廃プラスチック原料
(A)をテトラヒドロフランに入れて、溶解するポリ塩
化ビニール系樹脂とその可塑剤と、溶解しないその他の
廃プラスチック原料(B)に分ける工程と、 前記テトラヒドロフランに溶けなかった廃プラスチック
原料(B)を熱キシレンに溶解するポリオレフィン系樹
脂と、溶解しないその他の廃プラスチック原料(C)に
分ける工程と、 前記熱キシレンに溶解しなかった廃プラスチック原料
(C)を熱m−クレゾールに入れて溶解するポリエステ
ル系樹脂と、溶解しないフィラー及びその他の合成樹脂
に分ける工程とを有してなることを特徴とする廃プラス
チックの分別方法。1. A polystyrene resin in which powdered waste plastic raw material containing two or more of polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyolefin resin, and polyester resin is dissolved in cold xylene, and A step of dividing the plasticizer contained into other waste plastic raw materials (A) that are not soluble in the plasticizer, and the waste plastic raw material (A) that was not soluble in cold xylene into tetrahydrofuran to dissolve the polyvinyl chloride resin. A step of separating the plasticizer and other waste plastic raw materials (B) that do not dissolve; a polyolefin resin that dissolves the waste plastic raw materials (B) that did not dissolve in tetrahydrofuran in hot xylene; and other waste plastic raw materials that do not dissolve (C) step, and waste plastic not dissolved in the hot xylene A method for separating waste plastics, which comprises a step of putting a stick raw material (C) in hot m-cresol to dissolve it, and separating it into a filler and other synthetic resins that do not dissolve.
リスチレン系樹脂及びこれに含まれる可塑剤を、更にメ
タノール/アセトンの溶媒に可溶する可塑剤と、不溶分
であるポリスチレン系樹脂に分離する請求項1記載の廃
プラスチックの分別方法。2. The polystyrene resin dissolved and separated by the cold xylene and the plasticizer contained therein are further separated into a plasticizer soluble in a solvent of methanol / acetone and a polystyrene resin which is an insoluble component. The method for separating waste plastic according to 1.
離したポリ塩化ビニール系樹脂及びその可塑剤を、冷キ
シレンを用いて可溶する可塑剤と、不溶分であるポリ塩
化ビニール系樹脂に分ける請求項1又は2記載の廃プラ
スチックの分別方法。3. The polyvinyl chloride resin and its plasticizer, which have been dissolved and separated with tetrahydrofuran, are divided into a plasticizer soluble using cold xylene and a polyvinyl chloride resin which is an insoluble component. The method for separating the waste plastics described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19622095A JP3276540B2 (en) | 1995-07-07 | 1995-07-07 | Waste plastic separation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19622095A JP3276540B2 (en) | 1995-07-07 | 1995-07-07 | Waste plastic separation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0924293A true JPH0924293A (en) | 1997-01-28 |
| JP3276540B2 JP3276540B2 (en) | 2002-04-22 |
Family
ID=16354205
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19622095A Expired - Fee Related JP3276540B2 (en) | 1995-07-07 | 1995-07-07 | Waste plastic separation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3276540B2 (en) |
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| JP2003225646A (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-12 | Sharp Corp | Waste recycling method |
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