JPH09310352A - Template device for installing caisson - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technique, by which a foundation pile is driven with high accuracy by imparting a function as a rule for driving the foundation pile and a pan at the time of the sinking of a caisson, the accuracy of installation with the sinking of the caisson is obtained with high precision, and the caisson can be held under a stable state. SOLUTION: A template device for installing a caisson is used for imparting a function as a rule for driving a plurality of foundation piles driven to a sea- bottom ground and a pan at the time of the sinking of the caisson by beforehand sinking the caisson before the driving of the foundation piles when the caisson is mounted and fixed onto these foundation piles. The template device has a template body 4 consisting of a framework steel structure having approximately lattice-shaped planes, and pile inserting sections for vertically penetrating the foundation piles to each lattice-shaped measure section of the template body 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention, when installing and fixing a caisson on a plurality of foundation piles placed on the seabed, by preliminarily laying the caisson before placing the foundation piles, The present invention relates to a caisson installation template device used to have a function as a ruler for driving piles and a saucer when caisson is sunk.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in the construction of a huge marine structure such as an artificial island, a giant steel shell caisson may be used in place of a general concrete caisson used for construction of a quay or a seawall. . This steel shell caisson itself,
It is usually formed in the shape of a hollow box with an open top.

As a conventional caisson installation method, a method of forming a waste stone mound on the sea floor and laying it on the mound is usually employed. However, in places where the water depth is deep, the tidal current is fast, and the bearing strength of the ground surface of the seabed is not sufficient, a foundation pile that reaches the support layer of the seabed is placed, and a caisson is installed and fixed on the foundation pile. It may be desirable to adopt a construction method.

[0004]

However, in order to carry out the method of supporting a caisson using a foundation pile as described above, there are some problems to be solved particularly in the following points.

First, the foundation pile driving work must be carried out with high precision in a deep sea area where the tidal current is fast, and moreover, in a large steel shell caisson, it is necessary to support this. Since the number of concrete foundation piles to be laid out is also considerable, the laying work involves considerable difficulty.

Secondly, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy when the caisson is sunk and installed on a large number of piled foundation piles. That is, it is necessary to mount the caisson so that the bottom of the caisson is exactly aligned with the head of each foundation pile. However, if the method of directly installing the caisson on the foundation pile is adopted, there arises a problem that it is difficult to align a large number of foundation piles with the caisson.

Thirdly, when the caisson is sunk, the caisson itself will not be unstable under the influence of tidal currents and waves for a certain period until the work of connecting the caisson bottom and the foundation pile head is completed. It is necessary to keep this stable on the foundation pile. From this point as well, it is difficult to stably support the caisson to the foundation pile by the method of installing the caisson directly on the foundation pile.

Fourthly, in addition to ensuring the accuracy of placing a large number of foundation piles and the accuracy of installing caisson, it is necessary to make the work more efficient and improve the workability as much as possible.

Therefore, the inventors of the present application, as a solution to these problems, by preliminarily laying the foundation piles before laying them, as a ruler for laying the foundation piles and a saucer for laying the caisson. It was considered to use a template member that is a steel structure to have the function of. In that case, the caisson installation accuracy depends on the template member sinking accuracy, and it has been found that measures against this are also necessary.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and by preliminarily laying a foundation pile before placing it, a ruler for placing the foundation pile and a saucer at the time of laying the caisson are provided. It is possible to have a function, so that the foundation pile can be driven with high accuracy, the installation accuracy due to caisson sinking can be performed with high accuracy, and the caisson can be kept in a stable state. It is an object to provide a caisson mounting template device.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of performing the work of sunk the template body with high accuracy and easily.

Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of guiding the caisson to a fixed position on the template body when the caisson is sunk, and moreover, facilitating the work. To do.

[0013]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, when the caisson is installed and fixed on a plurality of foundation piles placed on the seabed, the caisson is preliminarily laid before being placed. A template device for caisson installation, which is used to have a function as a ruler for driving foundation piles and as a saucer when caisson is laid down, and is a template main body made of a frame-structure steel structure in a substantially planar shape. And a pile insertion portion for vertically penetrating the foundation pile is formed in each lattice-shaped grid portion of the template body. Here, the template body is provided with a guide pile insertion portion for inserting a guide pile used for ensuring accuracy when the template is laid, in addition to the foundation pile insertion portion for penetrating the foundation pile, and the guide pile insertion portion has It is preferable that the positioning device is provided for adjusting the relative position of the template with respect to the guide pile. Further, the positioning device includes a plurality of slide members that are arranged at intervals so as to surround the periphery of the guide pile, and each slide member moves in a direction toward and away from the surface of the guide pile. It can be configured such that it is possible and can be fixed to the template body at any movement position thereof. In addition, a guide device having an inclined surface that guides the bottom of the caisson to a fixed position on the template body when the caisson is submerged may be provided around the template body.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying FIGS.

1 to 5 are process diagrams showing the procedure for installing a caisson (steel shell caisson) according to the present invention, and FIG.
7 is a schematic perspective view and plan view of the template device,
FIG. 8 is a side view of the guide device, FIGS. 9 and 10 are a plan view and an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the positioning device, and FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a procedure for manufacturing the template body.

Before describing the caisson installation template device according to the present invention, first, the caisson structure and fabrication will be briefly described with reference to FIG. The caisson 1 is a so-called steel shell caisson in which a large number of large and small H steels are used for the framework and steel plates are used for the side plates, and is formed in a hollow inner box shape. The caisson 1 has an upper surface open, and the interior is divided into three chambers by two partition walls 2 parallel to each other. The lower part of the partition wall 2 is not provided in a portion where a slab concrete to be described later is poured. That is, the partition 2 has a structure rising from the bottom slab concrete. The size of the caisson 1 is several tens of meters or more in length, width, and height, respectively.

When the caisson 1 having such a structure and size is manufactured, for example, it is manufactured by using a dry dock of a shipyard. Thereafter, the caisson 1 is towed and moored to a quay or the like suitable for the concrete placement work, and the bottom concrete C is placed in the caisson 1. The structure and function of the bottom slab concrete C will be described in more detail with reference to the sectional view of FIG.
After the bottom slab concrete C has been poured, the towed concrete is towed to the desired setting location and is set there. At the time of this sinking, the template main body 4 is supported by the head portion of the support pile 10 that has been constructed in advance, and the caisson 1 is installed and fixed on the template main body 4. The template body 4 is integrated with a large number of foundation piles 3 including the support piles 10 by pouring underwater concrete, and the head of each foundation pile 3 penetrates the template body 4 and faces the caisson 1. It

Therefore, in the portion of the bottom slab concrete C, a large number of voids 5 for drawing in the heads of the respective foundation piles 3 are formed. These cavities 5 are provided in advance when the caisson is manufactured, and are sealed with a watertight lid (not shown) until the caisson 1 is completely settled, so that the caisson 1 itself has a function as a hull. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 6 is a portion for placing pile head connection concrete, 7 is a gasket, 8a,
8b is a side wall, 9 is an upper floor beam.

Next, the template device for caisson installation according to the present invention will be described more specifically while explaining the procedure for installing the caisson 1.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, a support pile 10 for supporting the portion of the template body 4 which constitutes the main body of the template device T with respect to the seabed G, and the supporting pile 10 when the template body 4 is sunk. A guide pile 20 for guiding is placed. The number of the support piles 10 to be driven is determined according to the size and strength of the template body 4, but at least four or more are driven so that the template body 4 can be stably supported near the seabed. Although the structure and function of the template device T as a whole will be described later, the structure of the template body 4 is a frame steel structure having a substantially planar lattice shape as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

On the other hand, as for the guide piles 20, at least two guide piles 20 are installed near both ends in the longitudinal direction of the template body 4. At that time, it is preferable that the two guide piles 20, 20 are arranged so as to be located at the center position in the width direction of the template body 4. Since the guide piles 20 are used as guides when the template body 4 is sunk, the heads (upper ends) of the guide piles 20 are set to have a length protruding above the sea surface.

Further, the head of the support pile 10 and the guide pile 2
Bearing members (brackets) 11 and 21 for receiving the lower surface of the template body 4 are attached to the outer peripheral portion of 0, respectively. These bearing members 11 and 21 should be at the same level as each other. Each of the support members 11 and 21 is designed to be sufficiently larger in plan view than the outer diameter of the support pile 10 and the guide pile 20 located in the center. This is to enable a sufficiently large pressure receiving area to be obtained in order to stably support the template body 4.

By the way, as described above, the template device T
When using, the installation accuracy of the caisson 1 depends on the installation accuracy of the template device T. The portion of the template body 4 is structured so as to be received by the support members 11 and 21 welded to the support pile 10 and the guide pile 20, and it is possible to absorb the construction error in placing the support pile. However, the guide pile 20
For its construction purpose, it is necessary to place it with high precision. In that sense, how to improve the driving accuracy of the guide pile 20 on the sea where there is no fixed point is a key point in construction. For measures to ensure that accuracy,
Although not particularly shown here, for example, a method of driving three guide piles per guide pile and driving the guide pile 20 using these guide piles as guides can be adopted.

When the guide piles 20 are driven, the guide piles may sway around under adverse conditions such as fast tidal current, deep water and high waves. At that time, it is desirable to select a time when the tidal current is slow and the construction is slow.

In this way, the support pile 10 and the guide pile 2
After finishing the construction of 0, support pile cutting and replacement sand work etc. are performed if necessary, and thereafter, the supporting members 11 and 21 are attached, and thereafter, as shown in FIG.
The template device T is sunk using 0 as a guide.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the main body 4 of the template device T is constructed as a frame steel structure having a substantially lattice plane. That is, large H
Steel or I-shaped steel is welded and assembled in a grid pattern. Of the many grids, the square grids (portions indicated by imaginary circles in Fig. 7) are used for striking the foundation pile 3. It is a pile insertion portion designed so that the foundation pile 3 can be placed in a state of being positioned from above during installation. In the case of FIG. 6, only the corner portion of the template device T that is grounded is shown as a perspective view. As shown in the figure, in the corner portion, a large number of corner reinforcing members 4c are welded in consideration of strength.

Around the template body 4, a plurality of guide devices 40 are provided for functioning as guides for the caisson 1's sinking position when the caisson 1 is sinking. As shown in FIG. 8, the guide device 40 has a configuration including an inclined surface 40a for guiding the periphery of the bottom of the caisson 1.

Further, the pile insertion portion of the template body 4 is
In addition to the foundation pile insertion part 4K for penetrating the foundation pile 3,
It is provided with a guide pile insertion portion 4G through which the guide pile 20 used for ensuring accuracy when the template is laid down is inserted. A positioning device 30 for adjusting the relative position of the template body 4 with respect to the guide pile 20 is equipped in the guide pile insertion portion 4G.

This positioning device 30 is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
As shown in FIG. 4, the slide unit 31 includes a plurality of slide members 31 arranged at intervals so as to surround the periphery of the guide pile 20, and each slide member 31 moves toward and away from the surface of the guide pile 20. It is movable and can be fixed to the template body 4 at an arbitrary moving position.

The positioning device 30 will be described more concretely. The guide pile insertion portion 4G of the template body 4 is reinforced at the portion and the slide member 3
A reinforcing member 32 made of H steel, I-shaped steel, or the like, which also serves as a support for 1, is provided as necessary. Then, each slide member 31 is attached to the upper surface of the template body 4 including the reinforcing member 32 by a bolt 33. The slide member 31 includes a plate-shaped flat plate portion 31a and a guide plate portion 31b standing up from one end side thereof.

A long hole 31c through which the bolt 33 is inserted is formed in the flat plate portion 31a, and the long hole 31c allows the slide member 31 itself to move in the length direction thereof, and at the arbitrary moving position, the template main body 4 can be moved. It is configured to be fixed to the upper surface. The elongated holes 31c are provided in two rows in parallel, and are attached to the template body 4 by two bolts 33 (only one is shown). Therefore, the template main body 4 side is provided with a bolt mounting hole 34 formed of a screw hole for screwing the bolt 33 or a simple bolt hole.

A set of four slide members 31 is arranged in a cross shape at a position around the guide pile 20 at intervals of about 90 degrees. Therefore, by sliding the slide member 31, the position where the guide pile 20 is inserted with respect to the portion of the guide pile insertion portion 4G, that is,
The relative position of the template body 4 with respect to the guide pile 20 can be adjusted. As a result, the template body 4
It is possible to adjust the sunk position of and to sank it with high precision.

The template device T, which is mainly composed of the template body 4, is grounded on the ground and is transported by sea to the site of its deposition in a state of being lifted by, for example, a large crane ship using a hanging wire. When assembling the ground, as shown in FIGS. 11 (a), (b), and (c), the block manufacturing method is used. That is, as shown in FIG. 11A, the ladder-shaped unit block T1 is first assembled by processing and welding the I-shaped steel.

Next, using a large number of the unit blocks T1, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), a first large assembly with an area of about 1/2 of the target size is carried out to make a large block. Produce T2. Then, the template body 4 is manufactured by joining two large blocks T2 manufactured by the first large assembly. And this template body 4
Then, the positioning device 30, the guide device 40, and other necessary equipment are provided to complete the production of the template device T. Although not shown in the drawings, various equipment includes stopper bolts for fixing the caisson 1 to the template body 4.

When the template device T manufactured in this way is sunk, the positioning with the guide device 20 is performed by adjusting the positioning device 30 in a state of being lifted by a crane ship. This alignment work is performed by the guide pile 20.
It is performed by adjusting the protrusion length of each slide member 31 to a predetermined dimension based on the measurement result of. After that, the template device T is gradually hung to be sunk by its own weight, and is laid down on the support pile 10.

After the sinking, the diver again checks the protruding length, and after disassembling the template suspension wire, slide member 3
Weld No. 1 and continue to install the support pile receiving part fixing bracket. By doing this, the template body 4 is the support pile 1
0 and the support members 11 and 21 of the guide pile 20 firmly support it near the sea floor. Therefore, in this state, the template body 4 is fixed to the support pile 10 and the guide pile 20.

After the template main body 4 is fixed, the upper portion of the guide pile 20 is cut as shown in FIG. 3, and then a large number of foundation piles 3 are set using the template main body 4 as a ruler. At the time of driving the foundation pile 3, since the template body 4 itself is a plane lattice-shaped framework steel structure, the grid portion of the lattice (the portion of the foundation pile insertion portion 4k) is vertically penetrated. By driving the respective foundation piles 3 with, it is possible to drive the foundation piles 3 at a desired position with high accuracy with a mutually necessary interval.

After finishing the work of placing each foundation pile 3, next,
As needed, the work of filling the template outer periphery centering sand S is performed, and further, the template underwater concrete work C1 is performed. The filling sand S also serves as a leveling work before performing the underwater concrete work C1, and the underwater concrete work C1 is
It is responsible for the integration of a large number of foundation piles 3 including the support piles 10 and the guide piles 20 with the template body 4 by concrete. Regarding the thickness of the underwater concrete work C1, in consideration of the fact that the caisson 1 is installed on the template body 4, consideration is given so as not to project beyond the upper surface of the template body 4.

After the basic steps necessary to sunk the caisson 1 are completed as described above, the caisson body 1 is then towed to the sunk position, as shown in FIG.
While being positioned directly above the template body 4, the template bodies 4 are successively submerged. When the caisson 1 is submerged, seawater is injected into the caisson 1 as ballast water. Also,
In order to vertically sink the caisson 1 to a desired position, although not particularly shown here, in addition to the hoist ship,
It will be performed by using the computer-aided analysis and image display of the attitude control and measurement system.

Thus, the caisson 1 is accurately and sequentially submerged so that the bottom of the caisson 1 is submerged on the template body 4. This state is shown in FIG. Here, immediately before the bottom of the caisson 1 is placed on the template body 4, if the relative position of the caisson 1 with respect to the template body 4 is slightly displaced,
Guide device 40 provided around the template body 4
Of the caisson 1, that is, the action of the inclined surface 40a guides the caisson 1 to a predetermined position.

Then, when the bottom of the caisson 1 rests on the template body 4 and is in a so-called bottomed state, the caisson 1 is firmly positioned with respect to the template body 4 by the action of the entire guide device 40. That is, the caisson 1 is restrained by the guide device 40 so as not to move in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the caisson 1 is supported on the template body 4 in a stable state. As a result, even if the caisson 1 itself is affected by a tidal current or the like, it does not become unstable due to this. Of course, by fixing the template body 4 and the caisson 1 with bolts or the like, the template body 4 can be more stably supported on the foundation pile.

When the caisson 1 has been sunk, the pile head connecting concrete 6 is laid to make the caisson 1 and the support pile 1
0 and the foundation pile 3 including the guide pile 20 are integrated.
This pile head connection concrete 6 is also an underwater concrete casting operation. After that, while the drainage work in the caisson 1 is performed to the required extent, the concrete placing work on the partition wall 2, the side walls 8a and 8b is performed. The drainage work should be performed in accordance with the progress of the concrete placing work on the partition wall 2 and the side walls 8a and 8b, and at least the casson 1 should not be buoyant.

Although the template main body 4 has been shown as an example of a grid-shaped framework steel structure having substantially square cells, if the shape has a portion through which the foundation pile 3 and the guide pile 20 penetrate, It is not limited to this. However,
Considering weight reduction and manufacturability, it is preferable to use a lattice-shaped framework steel structure and a reinforcing material if necessary.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the caisson is installed and fixed on a plurality of foundation piles that have been placed on the seabed, the caisson can be sunk in advance before placing the foundation piles. A template device for caisson installation, which is used to have a function as a ruler for driving the foundation piles and a saucer when the caisson is sunk, comprising a template body made of a framework steel structure having a substantially planar lattice structure,
Since each of the grid-shaped squares of the template body has a structure in which a pile insertion portion for vertically penetrating the foundation pile is formed, the foundation pile can be driven with high precision, and In addition, the caisson can be installed with high accuracy, and the caisson can be held in a stable state by the template when the caisson is submerged.

In addition to the foundation pile insertion portion for penetrating the foundation pile, the template main body is provided with a guide pile insertion portion for inserting a guide pile used for ensuring accuracy when the template is sunk. In addition, by equipping the positioning device for adjusting the relative position of the template with respect to the guide pile, in addition to ensuring the accuracy of laying the template, the laying work can be easily performed while canceling the influence of waves and tidal currents. It is possible to improve the workability and safety.

Further, the positioning device includes a plurality of slide members arranged at intervals so as to surround the periphery of the guide pile, and each slide member is arranged in a direction of approaching and separating from the surface of the guide pile. By being configured to be movable and fixable to the template body at the arbitrary movement position, the relative position of the template body with respect to the guide pile can be arbitrarily and easily adjusted.

Further, by providing a guide device having a beveled surface around the template for guiding the bottom of the caisson to a fixed position on the template when the caisson is sunk, the caisson just before the bottom of the caisson can be positioned to some extent. Even if it is deviated, it can be easily and accurately settled on the predetermined position. Also, after the caisson bottoms, the caisson can be firmly positioned and held on the template by the action of the guide device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a caisson installation procedure.

FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a caisson installation procedure.

FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing a caisson installation procedure.

FIG. 4 is a process diagram showing a caisson installation procedure.

FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a caisson installation procedure.

FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the template device.

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of a template device.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the guide device.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the structure of a positioning device.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a positioning device.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the manufacturing procedure of the template body.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 caisson 2 partition wall 3 foundation pile 4 template body 4c bolt mounting hole 4G guide pile insertion part 4K foundation pile insertion part 5 void 6 pile head connecting concrete 7 gasket 8a, 8b side wall 10 support pile 11 bearing member 20 guide pile 21 bearing member 30 Positioning device 31 Sliding member 31a Flat plate part 31B Guide plate part 31C Long hole 32 Reinforcing member 33 Bolt 40 Guide device 40a Slope C Bottom plate concrete S Filling sand C1 Underwater concrete

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuji Shibuya 2-10-10 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Maeda Construction Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. When a caisson is installed and fixed on a plurality of foundation piles that are cast on the seabed, the caisson is set in advance before the foundation piles are laid. It is a template device for caisson installation, which is used to have a function as a saucer at the time, is equipped with a template main body made of a framework steel structure having a substantially flat lattice shape, and each lattice-shaped grid portion of the template main body, A caisson installation template device, characterized in that a pile insertion portion for vertically penetrating the foundation pile is formed. 2. The template main body is provided with a guide pile insertion portion for inserting a guide pile used for ensuring accuracy when the template is laid down, in addition to the foundation pile insertion portion for penetrating the foundation pile, and the guide pile insertion portion. The caisson installation template device according to claim 1, wherein the part is equipped with a positioning device for adjusting the relative position of the template with respect to the guide pile. 3. The positioning device includes a plurality of slide members arranged at intervals so as to surround the periphery of the guide pile, and each slide member approaches and separates from a surface of the guide pile. The caisson installation template device according to claim 2, wherein the template device for caisson installation is configured to be movable in any direction and fixed to the template body at an arbitrary movement position thereof. 4. A guide device having a bevel around the template body for guiding the bottom of the caisson to a fixed position on the template body when the caisson is sunk. The template device for caisson installation according to 1 or 2.