JPH09314193A - Treatment apparatus for excretion sewage - Google Patents
Treatment apparatus for excretion sewageInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09314193A JPH09314193A JP8127460A JP12746096A JPH09314193A JP H09314193 A JPH09314193 A JP H09314193A JP 8127460 A JP8127460 A JP 8127460A JP 12746096 A JP12746096 A JP 12746096A JP H09314193 A JPH09314193 A JP H09314193A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- tank
- water
- separated
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005183 environmental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、し尿や浄化槽汚泥
などのし尿系汚水を浄化処理する処理装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a treatment device for purifying human waste-based wastewater such as human waste and septic tank sludge.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、この種のし尿系汚水の処理装置と
しては、例えば特公平７−４５９８号公報、特公平２−
３６３１７号公報および特公平６−５９４７８号公報に
記載の構成が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an apparatus for treating this type of night soil sewage, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-4598 and Japanese Patent Publication No.
The structures described in Japanese Patent No. 36317 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-59478 are known.
【０００３】そして、特公平７−４５９８号公報に記載
のし尿系汚水の処理装置は、し尿系汚水に凝集剤を添加
して脱水後、得られた分離水を生物学的硝化脱窒処理
し、この生物処理された生物処理液をそのまま膜分離す
るものである。In the treatment apparatus for night soil sewage described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-4598, a coagulant is added to night soil sewage for dehydration, and the obtained separated water is subjected to biological nitrification and denitrification. The biologically treated biologically treated liquid is directly subjected to membrane separation.
【０００４】しかしながら、この特公平７−４５９８号
公報に記載のものは、生物処理前に凝集処理するため、
脱窒反応に必要な炭素源が不足する傾向となり、別途メ
タノールなどの炭素源を補う必要があるとともに、生物
処理により除去可能な有機物や窒素化合物なども凝集剤
にて凝集されるので、凝集剤の添加量が増大し、処理コ
ストが増大する。さらに、膜分離の際、生物処理されに
くいリンやＣＯＤに関与する難分解性有機物の分離の他
に生物学的硝化脱窒後の生物処理に関与する活性汚泥を
分離することとなり、膜に大きな負荷が掛かり効率よく
膜分離できない。However, the one described in this Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-4598 is agglomerated before biological treatment.
Since the carbon source necessary for denitrification tends to be insufficient, it is necessary to supplement the carbon source such as methanol separately, and organic substances and nitrogen compounds that can be removed by biological treatment are also aggregated by the aggregating agent. The amount of addition of is increased and the processing cost is increased. Furthermore, during membrane separation, in addition to the separation of phosphorus and COD-resistant persistent organic substances that are difficult to biotreat, activated sludge involved in biotreatment after biological nitrification and denitrification will be separated. A load is applied and membrane separation cannot be performed efficiently.
【０００５】また、特公平２−３６３１７号公報に記載
のし尿系汚水の処理装置は、し尿系汚水を生物処理後、
固液分離にて活性汚泥を分離した分離水に凝集剤を添加
し膜分離し、濃縮液を生物処理に返送し透過液を処理水
とするものである。Further, the treatment apparatus for night soil sewage described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-36317, after biological treatment of night soil sewage,
A coagulant is added to the separated water from which the activated sludge has been separated by solid-liquid separation, membrane separation is performed, and the concentrated liquid is returned to biological treatment and the permeated liquid is treated water.
【０００６】しかしながら、この特公平２−３６３１７
号公報に記載のものは、浄化槽汚泥に含まれる生物処理
されにくい油などや生物処理を阻害する重金属などによ
り生物処理が効率よく行えない。また、凝集処理され膜
分離された濃縮液である凝集汚泥が生物処理に返送され
るため、凝集汚泥中の凝集成分が生物処理に関与する活
性汚泥に作用し、生物処理を阻害する。However, this Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-36317
The one described in the publication cannot efficiently perform biological treatment due to oil or the like contained in septic tank sludge which is difficult to biologically treat and heavy metals which inhibit biological treatment. Further, since the coagulated sludge, which is the concentrated liquid obtained by the coagulation treatment and membrane separation, is returned to the biological treatment, the coagulation component in the coagulated sludge acts on the activated sludge involved in the biological treatment, and inhibits the biological treatment.
【０００７】一方、特公平６−５９４７８号公報に記載
のし尿系汚水の処理装置は、浄化槽汚泥に凝集剤を添加
して凝集処理し、固液分離にて得られた分離水とし尿と
を混合して生物学的硝化脱窒処理後、膜分離するもので
ある。On the other hand, the treatment apparatus for night soil sewage described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-59478 has a coagulant added to septic tank sludge to perform coagulation treatment, and separates water obtained by solid-liquid separation into urine. After mixing and biological nitrification and denitrification treatment, membrane separation is performed.
【０００８】しかしながら、特公平６−５９４７８号公
報に記載のものは、膜分離する液は、生物学的硝化脱窒
処理後の生物処理に関与する活性汚泥や生物処理にて分
解されにくいリンやＣＯＤに関与する難分解性有機物を
含有するため、膜に大きな負荷が掛かり効率よく膜分離
できない。However, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-59478, the liquid for membrane separation is activated sludge that is involved in biological treatment after biological nitrification and denitrification or phosphorus that is not easily decomposed by biological treatment. Since it contains a persistent organic substance that participates in COD, a large load is applied to the membrane and efficient membrane separation is not possible.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述したように、特公
平７−４５９８号公報に記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置で
は、生物処理前の凝集処理による生物処理の際の炭素源
の不足に伴う炭素源の添加や、凝集剤の添加量の増大に
よる処理コストの増大、および、生物処理後の直接膜分
離による膜への大きな負荷にて膜分離効率が低下する。
また、特公平２−３６３１７号公報に記載のものでは、
浄化槽汚泥中の難分解性で生物処理阻害因子となる油や
重金属などにて生物処理工程が低下し、凝集処理され膜
分離後の生物処理へ返送される凝集汚泥の凝集成分によ
り活性汚泥が凝集され生物処理効率の低下を生ずる。一
方、特公平６−５９４７８号公報に記載のものでは、生
物処理の活性汚泥による膜への大きな負荷にて膜分離効
率が低下する問題がある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As described above, in the treatment apparatus for night soil sewage described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-4598, there is a shortage of carbon source during biological treatment by coagulation treatment before biological treatment. The treatment cost increases due to the addition of the carbon source and the addition amount of the coagulant, and the membrane separation efficiency decreases due to a large load on the membrane due to the direct membrane separation after the biological treatment.
Moreover, in the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-36317,
The biodegradation process is reduced by oil and heavy metals that are persistent in the septic tank sludge and are biological treatment inhibition factors, and the activated sludge aggregates due to the agglomerated components of the agglomerated sludge that are returned to the biological treatment after the membrane separation. This causes a decrease in biological treatment efficiency. On the other hand, the method disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-59478 has a problem that the membrane separation efficiency decreases due to a large load on the membrane by the activated sludge of biological treatment.
【００１０】本発明は、上記問題点に鑑みなされたもの
で、安定して効率よく容易にし尿および浄化槽汚泥を高
度に処理できるし尿系汚水の処理装置を提供することを
目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a treatment device for human wastewater containing urine and sewage, which can stably and efficiently facilitate urine and septic tank sludge to a high degree.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載のし尿系汚
水の処理装置は、浄化槽汚泥を主成分とする汚泥水に第
１の凝集剤を添加し凝集汚泥および凝集分離水に凝集分
離する第１の凝集分離手段と、この第１の凝集分離手段
にて凝集分離された前記凝集分離水にし尿を主成分とす
るし尿水を混合して混合液としこの混合液を生物処理す
る生物処理手段と、この生物処理手段にて生物処理され
た前記混合液を分離水および一部前記生物処理手段に返
送される汚泥に固液分離する固液分離手段と、この固液
分離手段にて分離された前記分離水に第２の凝集剤を添
加して凝集処理する第２の凝集手段と、この第２の凝集
手段にて凝集処理された前記分離水を第１の凝集分離手
段に返送される濃縮液および系外に放流される処理水に
膜分離する膜分離手段とを具備したもので、第１の凝集
分離手段にて浄化槽汚泥を主成分とする汚泥水に第１の
凝集剤を添加し凝集汚泥および凝集分離水に凝集分離
し、この凝集分離水にし尿を主成分とするし尿水を混合
し、この混合液を生物処理手段にて生物処理後、固液分
離手段にて一部生物処理手段に返送される汚泥と分離水
とに固液分離し、分離水を第２の凝集手段にて第２の凝
集剤を添加して凝集処理し、膜分離手段にて第１の凝集
分離手段に返送される濃縮液および系外に放流される処
理水に膜分離するので、あらかじめ浄化槽汚泥を主成分
とした汚泥水中の生物処理の阻害因子を凝集分離し、こ
の凝集分離にて不足傾向となる有機物をし尿を主成分と
するし尿水と混合して効率よく生物処理し、固液分離に
て膜分離の際の膜負荷となる活性汚泥を除去した後、生
物処理にて処理されにくい例えばリン化合物や難分解性
有機物などを第２の凝集剤を添加して凝集させ低い負荷
で膜分離し、安定して効率よく処理する。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for treating night soil sewage, wherein the first flocculant is added to sludge water containing septic tank sludge as a main component to coagulate and separate into coagulated sludge and coagulated separated water. A biological treatment for biologically treating the first coagulation / separation means and the coagulation / separation water coagulated and separated by the first coagulation / separation means and mixing urine water containing urine as a main component to form a mixed solution. Means, solid-liquid separation means for solid-liquid separating the mixed liquid biologically treated by the biological treatment means into separated water and sludge partially returned to the biological treatment means, and the solid-liquid separation means Second aggregating means for adding a second aggregating agent to the separated water thus separated to perform aggregating treatment, and the separated water agglomerated by the second aggregating means is returned to the first aggregating and separating means. Membrane separation for membrane separation into concentrated liquid and treated water discharged outside the system The first flocculating / separating means adds the first flocculant to the sludge water containing the septic tank sludge as the main component to coagulate and separate into coagulated sludge and coagulated separated water. Human waste water containing human waste as a main component is mixed, the mixed liquid is subjected to biological treatment by the biological treatment means, and then solid-liquid separation is performed by the solid-liquid separation means into sludge and separated water which is partially returned to the biological treatment means. The separated water is subjected to the coagulation treatment by adding the second coagulant to the second coagulation means, and the concentrated liquid returned to the first coagulation separation means by the membrane separation means and the treated water discharged to the outside of the system. Since the membrane is separated into membranes, the biological treatment inhibiting factors in the sludge water containing septic tank sludge as the main component are coagulated and separated. Activated sludge that can be biologically treated efficiently and becomes a membrane load during membrane separation in solid-liquid separation After removal, and membrane separation at a low load are aggregated by the addition of a second coagulant such process which is hard for example, phosphorus compounds or low-degradable organic substances in biological treatment processes stably efficiently.
【００１２】請求項２記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置は、
請求項１記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置において、第１の
凝集分離手段は、第１の凝集剤として有機系凝集剤を用
い、この有機系凝集剤を汚泥水に添加して凝集処理する
第１の凝集手段と、この第１の凝集手段にて凝集処理さ
れた前記汚泥水を凝集汚泥および凝集分離水に分離する
脱水手段とを備えたもので、第１の凝集手段にて浄化槽
汚泥を主成分とする汚泥水に有機系凝集剤を添加した
後、脱水手段にて生物処理手段にて処理される凝集分離
水から凝集され系外に排出される凝集汚泥を分離するの
で簡単な構成で効率よく生物処理の阻害因子となる物質
を容易に除去する。A treatment device for night soil wastewater according to claim 2 is
2. The apparatus for treating human waste sewage according to claim 1, wherein the first coagulation / separation means uses an organic coagulant as the first coagulant, and the organic coagulant is added to the sludge water to perform coagulation treatment. The first coagulation means and the dewatering means for separating the sludge water coagulated by the first coagulation means into coagulated sludge and coagulated separated water. After adding an organic flocculant to the sludge water as the main component, the flocculation sludge that is flocculated and discharged from the system from the flocculation separation water treated by the biological treatment means by the dehydration means is separated with a simple configuration. Efficiently and easily remove substances that inhibit biological treatment.
【００１３】請求項３記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置は、
請求項１または２記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置におい
て、固液分離手段による固液分離は、沈殿分離であるも
ので、生物処理後の混合液は、あらかじめ分離された凝
集分離水とし尿水との混合による希釈にて生物処理によ
る活性汚泥の分離性が向上するので、高価な膜分離が不
要で簡単な構成で容易な沈殿分離が可能となり処理コス
トが低減するとともに、沈殿分離により一部生物処理に
返送される活性汚泥を分離して、凝集分離による凝集成
分にて活性汚泥が凝集されることによる生物処理効率の
低下を防止する。The treatment device for night soil-type wastewater according to claim 3 is
3. The treatment apparatus for human wastewater wastewater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solid-liquid separation by the solid-liquid separation means is precipitation separation, and the mixed liquid after biological treatment is aggregated separation water separated in advance and urine water. Since the separability of activated sludge by biological treatment is improved by mixing it with, it is possible to perform easy sedimentation with a simple structure that does not require expensive membrane separation, and the treatment cost is reduced. The activated sludge returned to the biological treatment is separated, and the biological treatment efficiency is prevented from being lowered due to the activated sludge being aggregated by the aggregating component by the aggregative separation.
【００１４】請求項４記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置は、
固液分離手段による固液分離は、膜分離を除く機械分離
であるもので、生物処理後の混合液は、あらかじめ分離
された凝集分離水とし尿水との混合による希釈にて生物
処理による活性汚泥の分離性が向上するので、高価な膜
分離が不要で簡単な構成で容易な機械分離が可能となり
処理コストが低減するとともに、機械分離により一部生
物処理に返送される活性汚泥を分離して、凝集分離によ
る凝集成分にて活性汚泥が凝集されることによる生物処
理効率の低下を防止する。The treatment device for night soil sewage according to claim 4 is
Solid-liquid separation by solid-liquid separation means is mechanical separation except membrane separation, and the mixed liquid after biological treatment is the biologically active water obtained by diluting it with coagulated separated water that has been separated in advance and mixing with urine water. Since sludge separability is improved, expensive membrane separation is not required and simple mechanical separation is possible with a simple structure, reducing treatment costs, and mechanical separation separates activated sludge that is partially returned to biological treatment. As a result, the biological treatment efficiency is prevented from lowering due to the coagulation of the activated sludge by the coagulation component.
【００１５】請求項５記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置は、
請求項１ないし４いずれか一記載のし尿系汚水の処理装
置において、第２の凝集剤は、無機凝集剤であるもの
で、膜汚染の小さい無機凝集剤により固液分離後の分離
水中の生物処理にて処理されにくい例えばリン化合物や
難分解性有機物などを容易に分離可能に凝集する。The treatment apparatus for night soil wastewater according to claim 5 is
The human wastewater treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second coagulant is an inorganic coagulant, and the organism in the separated water after solid-liquid separation by the inorganic coagulant having a small membrane contamination. For example, a phosphorus compound or a hardly decomposable organic substance which is difficult to be treated is easily separable.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明のし尿系汚水の処理
装置の実施の一形態を図面を参照して説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the treatment apparatus for human waste water of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１７】図１において、１は第１の凝集手段である
第１凝集槽で、この第１凝集槽１には、図示しないスク
リーンなどの除渣手段にて除渣後の浄化槽汚泥を主成分
とする汚泥水を流入させる浄化槽汚泥原水管２が接続さ
れている。そして、第１凝集槽１には、流入された汚泥
水に第１の凝集剤としての有機系凝集剤を適宜添加する
図示しない有機系凝集剤添加装置が設けられている。さ
らに、この第１凝集槽１には、流入された汚泥水を攪拌
する図示しない攪拌装置が設けられ、この攪拌装置にて
汚泥水と添加された有機系凝集剤とが略均一に混合され
る。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a first flocculation tank which is a first flocculation means. The first flocculation tank 1 is mainly composed of septic tank sludge after decontamination by a decontamination means such as a screen (not shown). The septic tank raw water pipe 2 into which the sludge water is introduced is connected. Then, the first flocculating tank 1 is provided with an organic flocculant adding device (not shown) that appropriately adds an organic flocculant as a first flocculant to the inflowing sludge water. Further, the first flocculating tank 1 is provided with a stirrer (not shown) that stirs the inflowing sludge water, and the sludge water and the added organic coagulant are substantially uniformly mixed by this stirring device. .
【００１８】また、第１凝集槽１には、脱水手段として
の脱水機３が接続され、有機系凝集剤が添加された汚泥
水を凝集汚泥および凝集分離水に分離する。そして、こ
の第１凝集槽１および脱水機３とにて第１の凝集分離手
段４が構成される。また、脱水機３は、凝集汚泥を脱水
ケーキとして焼却処分や埋め立て処分などを行うために
凝集汚泥を系外に排出可能となっている。Further, a dehydrator 3 as a dehydrating means is connected to the first flocculating tank 1 to separate the sludge water to which the organic flocculant is added into flocculated sludge and flocculated separated water. Then, the first flocculation tank 1 and the dehydrator 3 constitute a first flocculation / separation means 4. Further, the dehydrator 3 can discharge the coagulated sludge to the outside of the system in order to incinerate or reclaim the coagulated sludge as a dehydrated cake.
【００１９】さらに、脱水機３には、この脱水機３にて
分離された凝集分離水を生物処理する生物処理手段とし
ての生物処理槽５が接続されている。そして、この生物
処理槽５には、別途図示しないスクリーンなどの除渣手
段にて除渣後のし尿を主成分とするし尿水を流入させる
し尿原水管６が接続されている。また、生物処理槽５に
は、流入された凝集分離水およびし尿水を効率よく生物
処理、例えば生物学的硝化脱窒反応を効率よく進行させ
るために、図示しない空気などの酸素を供給するための
曝気手段、ｐＨを測定し制御するｐＨ制御手段、溶存酸
素量を検知するＤＯ検知手段、酸化還元電位（ＯＲＰ）
を測定する電位測定手段などが設けられている。Further, the dehydrator 3 is connected to a biological treatment tank 5 as a biological treatment means for biologically treating the coagulated and separated water separated by the dehydrator 3. The biological treatment tank 5 is connected to a raw urine sewage pipe 6 into which the human sewage mainly containing the human sewage after being removed by a removing means such as a screen (not shown) is introduced. In addition, the biological treatment tank 5 is supplied with oxygen such as air (not shown) in order to efficiently perform biological treatment of the coagulated separated water and the human urine water that have flowed in, for example, to efficiently proceed a biological nitrification denitrification reaction. Aeration means, pH control means for measuring and controlling pH, DO detection means for detecting dissolved oxygen amount, redox potential (ORP)
An electric potential measuring means for measuring is provided.
【００２０】なお、曝気手段は、ＤＯ検知手段などにて
検知した溶存酸素量や電位測定手段にて検知した酸化還
元電位値などに基づいて、生物処理槽５内に好気性部分
と嫌気性部分とを形成するように曝気し、好気性部分で
は汚泥中に含まれる硝化菌および亜硝化菌によりし尿系
汚水中のアンモニア（ＮＨ4 ）などの窒素化合物を硝酸
および亜硝酸に硝化し、嫌気性部分では汚泥中に含まれ
る脱窒菌により硝酸および亜硝酸を窒素ガスに脱窒する
ようになっている。The aeration means is based on the dissolved oxygen amount detected by the DO detection means or the like, the redox potential value detected by the potential measurement means, and the like, and the aerobic portion and the anaerobic portion are stored in the biological treatment tank 5. And aerobically aerobically, nitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria contained in the sludge nitrify nitrogen compounds such as ammonia (NH 4 ) in the urine system wastewater into nitric acid and nitrite, and anaerobic In part, nitric acid and nitrous acid are denitrified into nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria contained in sludge.
【００２１】そして、この生物処理槽５には、固液分離
手段としての沈殿槽７が接続されている。この沈殿槽７
は、生物処理槽５にて生物処理された混合液を活性汚泥
と分離水とに沈殿分離する。また、この沈殿槽７には、
沈殿分離した活性汚泥の一部を生物処理槽５に返送する
返送汚泥手段８が接続されているとともに、増殖した活
性汚泥を余剰汚泥として第１凝集槽１に返送する余剰汚
泥返送手段９が接続されている。A sedimentation tank 7 as a solid-liquid separating means is connected to the biological treatment tank 5. This settling tank 7
Separates the mixed solution biologically processed in the biological treatment tank 5 into activated sludge and separated water. Also, in this settling tank 7,
A return sludge means 8 for returning a part of the precipitated sludge to the biological treatment tank 5 is connected, and a surplus sludge return means 9 for returning the propagated activated sludge to the first flocculation tank 1 is connected. Has been done.
【００２２】さらに、沈殿槽７には、この沈殿槽７にて
沈殿分離により得られる上澄み分である分離水が流入さ
れる第２の凝集手段としての第２凝集槽11が接続されて
いる。そして、この第２凝集槽11には、流入された分離
水に第２の凝集剤としての例えば塩化第２鉄などの無機
系凝集剤を適宜添加する図示しない無機系凝集剤添加装
置が設けられている。さらに、この第２凝集槽11には、
流入された分離水を攪拌する図示しない攪拌装置が設け
られ、この攪拌装置にて分離水と添加された無機系凝集
剤とが略均一に混合される。Further, the settling tank 7 is connected with a second flocculating tank 11 as a second flocculating means into which the separated water which is the supernatant obtained by the sedimentation in the settling tank 7 flows. The second flocculating tank 11 is provided with an inorganic flocculant adding device (not shown) that appropriately adds an inorganic flocculant such as ferric chloride as a second flocculant to the inflowing separated water. ing. Furthermore, in this second flocculation tank 11,
A stirrer (not shown) that stirs the separated water that has flowed in is provided, and the separated water and the added inorganic coagulant are mixed substantially uniformly by this stirrer.
【００２３】また、第２凝集槽11には、膜分離手段とし
ての例えば限外濾過（ＵＦ：Ultrafiltration ）膜を用
いたＵＦ膜分離装置12が図示しない循環槽を介して接続
されている。そして、このＵＦ膜分離装置12は、生物処
理槽５で生物処理され循環槽を介して流入する無機系凝
集剤が添加された分離水を濃縮液と透過液とに膜分離す
る。なお、循環槽は、ＵＦ膜分離装置12に無機系凝集剤
が添加された分離水を循環させる槽である。なお、循環
槽には、循環槽内の無機系凝集剤が添加された分離水お
よびＵＦ膜分離装置12から循環された液に空気などの酸
素を供給する図示しない曝気手段が設けられている。そ
して、ＵＦ膜分離装置12には、分離された濃縮液を第１
凝集槽１に返送する濃縮液返送手段13が接続されてい
る。さらに、ＵＦ膜分離装置12には、分離された透過液
を処理水として系外に放流する放流管14が接続されてい
る。A UF membrane separation device 12 using, for example, an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as a membrane separation means is connected to the second flocculation tank 11 via a circulation tank (not shown). Then, the UF membrane separation device 12 membrane-separates the separated water, which is biologically treated in the biological treatment tank 5 and into which the inorganic coagulant is added, which flows in through the circulation tank, into a concentrated liquid and a permeated liquid. The circulation tank is a tank for circulating the separated water in which the inorganic coagulant is added to the UF membrane separation device 12. The circulation tank is provided with aeration means (not shown) for supplying oxygen such as air to the separated water in the circulation tank to which the inorganic coagulant is added and the liquid circulated from the UF membrane separation device 12. Then, the separated concentrated liquid is first fed to the UF membrane separation device 12.
Concentrated liquid returning means 13 for returning to the flocculation tank 1 is connected. Further, the UF membrane separation device 12 is connected to a discharge pipe 14 that discharges the separated permeated liquid as treated water to the outside of the system.
【００２４】次に、上記実施の一形態の作用を説明す
る。Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
【００２５】まず、図示しない除渣手段にて除渣された
浄化槽汚泥を主成分とする汚泥水を浄化槽汚泥原水管２
を介して第１凝集槽１に流入させる。なお、図示しない
スクリーンなどの除渣手段にて除去された夾雑物は、ス
クリュウプレスなどにて脱水し、脱水滓渣として系外に
排出する。そして、図示しない有機系凝集剤添加装置に
て有機系凝集剤を流入された汚泥水に適宜添加しつつ、
攪拌装置にて汚泥水と有機系凝集剤とを略均一に攪拌混
合して、汚泥水中の浮遊物質（ＳＳ）や油脂分、重金属
化合物などを凝集させる。First, the sludge water whose main component is the septic tank sludge removed by a removing means (not shown) is the septic tank raw water pipe 2
Through the first coagulation tank 1. The impurities removed by a removing means such as a screen (not shown) are dehydrated by a screw press or the like and discharged as a dehydrated sludge residue to the outside of the system. Then, while appropriately adding the organic coagulant to the inflowing sludge water by an organic coagulant adding device (not shown),
The sludge water and the organic flocculant are stirred and mixed by a stirrer substantially uniformly to aggregate suspended substances (SS), fats and oils, heavy metal compounds, etc. in the sludge water.
【００２６】そして、所定時間凝集処理した後、脱水機
３に流入させ、凝集汚泥および凝集分離水に分離する。
ここで分離された凝集汚泥は、脱水ケーキとして系外に
排出し、焼却処分や埋め立て処分したり、固形燃料や肥
料、建材などの原料として利用する。また、凝集分離水
は、別途図示しない除渣手段にて除渣されたし尿を主成
分とするし尿水と適宜混合されて生物処理槽５に流入さ
れる。After the coagulation treatment for a predetermined time, it is made to flow into the dehydrator 3 and separated into coagulated sludge and coagulated separated water.
The coagulated sludge separated here is discharged as a dehydrated cake out of the system to be incinerated or landfilled, or used as a raw material for solid fuel, fertilizer, building materials and the like. The aggregated separated water is appropriately mixed with human urine water whose main component is urine that has been removed by a removing means (not shown) and then flows into the biological treatment tank 5.
【００２７】この生物処理槽５に流入された凝集分離水
とし尿水との混合液は、ＤＯ検知手段および電位測定手
段などにて供給する酸素量が生物処理槽５内に好気性部
分と嫌気性部分とを形成する所定量となるように、曝気
手段にて曝気される。この曝気により、生物処理、すな
わち好気性部分にて活性汚泥および後工程から返送汚泥
手段にて返送される返送汚泥中に含まれる硝化菌および
亜硝化菌によりし尿系汚水中のアンモニア（ＮＨ4 ）な
どの窒素化合物を硝酸および亜硝酸に硝化するととも
に、嫌気性部分にて活性汚泥および返送汚泥手段にて返
送される返送汚泥中に含まれる脱窒菌により硝酸および
亜硝酸を窒素ガスに脱窒し、窒素化合物、生化学的酸素
要求量（ＢＯＤ）および化学的酸素要求量（ＣＯＤ）を
低減する。なお、生物処理の際、発泡するなどの場合に
は、消泡剤などを添加してもよい。The mixed liquid of coagulated separated water and urine water that has flowed into the biological treatment tank 5 has an oxygen amount supplied by the DO detection means and the potential measuring means, etc. in the biological treatment tank 5 and is anaerobic. The aeration means performs aeration so that a predetermined amount forming the sexual portion is formed. By this aeration, biological treatment, that is, ammonia (NH 4 ) in the activated sewage due to nitrifying bacteria and nitrite contained in the activated sludge in the aerobic part and in the returning sludge returned by the returning sludge means from the subsequent process. Nitrogen compounds such as nitric acid into nitric acid and nitrous acid, and denitrifying nitric acid and nitrous acid into nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria contained in the activated sludge in the anaerobic part and in the returning sludge returned by the returning sludge means. , Nitrogen compounds, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In the case of foaming during biological treatment, an antifoaming agent may be added.
【００２８】この後、生物処理槽５内を所定時間、例え
ば１日滞留させて生物処理を行った混合液を沈殿槽７に
流入させ、活性汚泥と分離水とに沈殿分離する。そし
て、活性汚泥は、返送汚泥手段８を介して一部生物処理
槽５に返送され、残りは余剰汚泥として系外に排出する
ために、余剰汚泥返送手段９を介して第１凝集槽１に返
送される。After that, the mixed solution which has been treated in the biological treatment tank 5 for a predetermined period of time, for example, 1 day, is allowed to flow into the sedimentation tank 7, and is separated into activated sludge and separated water. Then, the activated sludge is partially returned to the biological treatment tank 5 via the returning sludge means 8, and the rest is discharged to the outside of the system as excess sludge, so that the activated sludge is sent to the first flocculating tank 1 via the excess sludge returning means 9. Will be returned.
【００２９】一方、沈殿槽７にて分離された上澄み分で
ある分離水は、第２凝集槽11に流入される。そして、図
示しない無機系凝集剤添加装置にて無機系凝集剤を流入
された分離水に適宜添加しつつ、攪拌装置にて分離水と
無機系凝集剤とを略均一に攪拌混合して、分離水中の生
物処理されずに残留する特に生物処理されにくいリン化
合物やＣＯＤに起因する溶解性の難分解性有機物を不溶
化させて凝集させる。On the other hand, the separated water which is the supernatant separated in the settling tank 7 flows into the second flocculating tank 11. Then, while appropriately adding the inorganic coagulant to the inflowing separation water by an inorganic coagulant addition device (not shown), the separation water and the inorganic coagulant are substantially uniformly stirred and mixed by a stirring device, and separated. Particularly, phosphorus compounds that are not biologically treated in water and remain difficult to be biologically treated and soluble organic compounds that are hardly decomposed due to COD are insolubilized and aggregated.
【００３０】ここで、無機凝集剤として塩化鉄の場合、
塩化鉄は分離水中のリン化合物であるリン酸イオンと反
応して不溶性のリン酸鉄を生成するとともに、ＣＯＤに
起因する難分解性有機物と副次的に凝集吸着し、リン濃
度およびＣＯＤ濃度を低減する。ところで、第２凝集槽
11内の酸化還元電位（ＯＲＰ）が還元状態となると、鉄
イオンが溶出し、膜分離の阻害因子となる。このため、
第２凝集槽11内に流入する分離水のＯＲＰが還元状態と
ならないように曝気するなどの制御を行う。すなわち、
酸化還元状態の制御は、生物処理槽５や循環槽の曝気手
段を制御することにより設定できる。Here, in the case of iron chloride as the inorganic coagulant,
Iron chloride reacts with a phosphate ion, which is a phosphorus compound in the separated water, to produce insoluble iron phosphate, and secondarily aggregates and adsorbs with persistent organic substances due to COD to reduce phosphorus concentration and COD concentration. Reduce. By the way, the second flocculation tank
When the redox potential (ORP) in 11 is reduced, iron ions are eluted and become an inhibitor of membrane separation. For this reason,
Control is performed such that aeration is performed so that the ORP of the separated water flowing into the second flocculation tank 11 is not in a reduced state. That is,
The control of the redox state can be set by controlling the aeration means of the biological treatment tank 5 and the circulation tank.
【００３１】そして、無機凝集剤が添加された分離水は
一端循環槽に流入され、この循環槽とＵＦ膜分離装置12
との間で循環させて、ＵＦ膜にて無機凝集剤が添加され
た分離水を濃縮液と透過液とに膜分離する。この膜分離
された濃縮液は、一旦循環槽に循環されて、循環槽を介
して系外に排出するために濃縮液返送手段13にて第１凝
集槽１に返送する。また、透過液は、処理水として放流
管14から系外に放流され、河川などに放水したり、活性
炭などにてさらに高度に浄化処理する。Then, the separated water to which the inorganic coagulant is added is once introduced into the circulation tank, and the circulation tank and the UF membrane separation device 12
And the separated water to which the inorganic coagulant has been added by the UF membrane is separated into a concentrated liquid and a permeated liquid. The membrane-separated concentrated solution is once circulated in the circulation tank, and is returned to the first flocculating tank 1 by the concentrated solution returning means 13 for discharging to the outside of the system through the circulation tank. Further, the permeated liquid is discharged as treated water from the discharge pipe 14 to the outside of the system, and is discharged to a river or the like, or is further highly purified by activated carbon or the like.
【００３２】上記実施の一形態において、あらかじめ浄
化槽汚泥を主成分とした汚泥水中の生物処理の阻害因子
となる油脂分や重金属などを第１凝集槽１および脱水機
３にて凝集分離するため、後工程の生物処理が安定して
効率よく進行できる。In the above-described embodiment, since the fats and fats and heavy metals which are factors that inhibit biological treatment in the sludge water containing the septic tank sludge as the main component are coagulated and separated in the first coagulation tank 1 and the dehydrator 3 in advance, Biological treatment in the subsequent step can be stably and efficiently progressed.
【００３３】また、浄化槽汚泥は、事業系の浄化槽では
不活性のＳＳ分が多く、曝気型の生活系浄化槽ではＳＳ
に起因するＢＯＤ成分が多く溶解性の汚染物質に起因す
るＢＯＤ成分が少ないなどの浄化槽の種類によって汚濁
物質濃度などの性状が変動しやすく、良好に処理するた
めに生物処理の条件を変動させる必要があるが、上記実
施の一形態では、あらかじめ変動しやすいＳＳ分を系外
に除去するため、生物処理の負荷変動が小さく安定して
処理できる。Further, the septic tank sludge contains a large amount of inactive SS in the business type septic tank, and the SS in the aeration type living system septic tank.
Due to the type of septic tank, such as the large amount of BOD component caused by the pollution and the small amount of BOD component caused by the soluble pollutant, the properties such as the concentration of pollutant easily change, and it is necessary to change the condition of biological treatment for good treatment. However, in the above-described embodiment, the SS component, which is likely to fluctuate, is removed to the outside of the system in advance, so that the load fluctuation of the biological treatment is small and stable treatment can be performed.
【００３４】ところで、浄化槽汚泥中のＢＯＤは、溶解
性の汚染物質に起因するＢＯＤ成分に比して浮遊性の汚
染物質に起因するＢＯＤ成分が多い。また、浄化槽汚泥
中の窒素化合物は、溶解性窒素化合物に比して浮遊性の
窒素化合物が少ない。このため、あらかじめ浄化槽汚泥
を凝集分離処理することにより、汚染物質に起因するＢ
ＯＤ成分の除去率に比して窒素化合物の除去率が低くな
り、後工程での生物処理である脱窒反応の際に必要とな
る炭素源となるＢＯＤと窒素化合物のバランスが崩れ
る。すなわち通常は炭素源Ｃ／窒素Ｎ比が２〜３程度で
あるが、炭素源Ｃが不足傾向となる。このため、メタノ
ールなどの炭素源を供給する必要が生じ、処理コストが
増大するが、上記実施の一形態では、凝集分離処理後に
浄化処理の対象であるし尿を主成分とするし尿水を混合
して、し尿中の炭素源により補強するため、別途炭素源
を供給する必要がなく、例えさらに炭素源が必要であっ
たとしても極めて少量でよく、処理コストを低減でき
る。By the way, as for BOD in septic tank sludge, there are more BOD components due to floating pollutants than BOD components due to soluble pollutants. Moreover, the nitrogen compounds in the septic tank sludge have less floating nitrogen compounds than the soluble nitrogen compounds. Therefore, when the septic tank sludge is coagulated and separated in advance, the B
The removal rate of nitrogen compounds is lower than the removal rate of OD components, and the balance between BOD, which serves as a carbon source required in a denitrification reaction that is a biological treatment in a later step, and nitrogen compounds is lost. That is, the carbon source C / nitrogen N ratio is usually about 2 to 3, but the carbon source C tends to be insufficient. For this reason, it becomes necessary to supply a carbon source such as methanol, which increases the treatment cost, but in the above-described embodiment, after mixing and separating treatment, human sewage containing human sewage as a main component is mixed. Since it is reinforced by the carbon source in human waste, it is not necessary to separately supply a carbon source, and even if a further carbon source is needed, the amount can be extremely small and the treatment cost can be reduced.
【００３５】さらに、凝集分離後の浄化槽汚泥を主成分
とする汚泥水である凝集分離水とし尿を主成分とするし
尿水とを混合することにより、希釈された状態となるた
め、生物処理後にこの生物処理にて生じる活性汚泥を固
液分離である容易に簡単な構成である沈殿槽７による重
力沈降にて分離でき、膜分離などに掛かる費用が不要と
なり処理コストを低減できる。Further, by mixing coagulation separation water, which is sludge water containing the septic tank sludge as the main component after coagulation and separation, and urine water containing urine as the main component, a diluted state is obtained, so that after biological treatment The activated sludge generated by this biological treatment can be separated by gravity settling in the settling tank 7 that is a solid-liquid separation and has a simple and easy structure, and the cost for membrane separation or the like is unnecessary and the processing cost can be reduced.
【００３６】また、浄化槽汚泥はあらかじめ生物処理し
た汚泥などのＳＳ分が主成分であるが、し尿は未処理の
活性の高いＳＳを多く含有するため、不活性のＳＳ分を
あらかじめ除去してからし尿を混合することにより、生
物処理のＭＬＳＳを高活性に保つことができ、効率よく
生物処理できる。Further, the septic tank sludge is mainly composed of SS components such as sludge that has been biologically treated in advance, but since human waste contains a large amount of untreated SS having high activity, it is necessary to remove inactive SS components in advance. By mixing human waste, the MLSS for biological treatment can be kept highly active and biological treatment can be performed efficiently.
【００３７】そして、浄化槽汚泥による汚泥水中の不活
性のＳＳ分をあらかじめ凝集脱水して除去するため、生
物処理後の固液分離である沈殿分離における沈殿分離性
の阻害因子となるスカムの発生を抑制できる。Since the inactive SS component in the sludge water due to the septic tank sludge is removed by coagulation and dehydration in advance, scum which becomes an inhibitory factor of the sedimentation separability in the solid-liquid separation after the biological treatment is generated. Can be suppressed.
【００３８】また、生物処理後に第２凝集槽11にて凝集
処理するため、生物処理にて処理しきれないＣＯＤに起
因する生物難分解性の汚染物質やリン化合物、色度など
を除去して、後工程でのＵＦ膜分離装置12のＵＦ膜への
負荷を低減でき、膜寿命の向上および保守管理性の向上
が図れる。Further, since the coagulation treatment is carried out in the second coagulation tank 11 after the biological treatment, it is possible to remove the biodifficult-to-biodegradable contaminants, phosphorus compounds, chromaticity, etc. due to COD which cannot be completely treated by the biological treatment. The load on the UF membrane of the UF membrane separation device 12 in the subsequent process can be reduced, and the life of the membrane and the maintainability can be improved.
【００３９】さらに、凝集処理後にＵＦ膜分離装置12に
より膜分離するため、凝集後に沈殿分離などの場合に比
して浮遊物質のリークを防止でき、さらに高度に処理で
き、後段で別途活性炭などにて処理する場合に後段処理
の負荷を低減できる。Further, since the UF membrane separation device 12 separates the membrane after the coagulation treatment, it is possible to prevent the floating substances from leaking as compared with the case of the sedimentation separation after the aggregation, and the treatment can be performed to a higher degree. In the case of processing by the following, the load of the subsequent processing can be reduced.
【００４０】そして、沈殿分離後に第２凝集槽11および
ＵＦ膜分離装置12により凝集分離処理するため、生物処
理による活性汚泥の分離を、生物処理にて処理しきれな
い未処理物質となるＣＯＤに起因する生物難分解性の汚
染物質やリン化合物、色度などの分離除去と独立して行
うことができ、後段でのＵＦ膜分離装置12による膜分離
のための処理条件の設定が容易にでき、処理操作が容易
となるとともに、膜分離する汚染物質量の濃度が前段ま
ででかなり低くなっているため、比較的簡単な構造で安
価な膜密度の高い中空糸型膜分離装置などの低濃度汚泥
用や凝集汚泥用の膜分離装置を用いることができ、膜分
離装置の小型化も図れる。Since the second flocculation tank 11 and the UF membrane separation device 12 perform the coagulation separation treatment after the precipitation separation, the separation of the activated sludge by the biological treatment becomes COD which becomes an untreated substance which cannot be completely treated by the biological treatment. It can be carried out independently of the separation and removal of the bio-degradable pollutants, phosphorus compounds, and chromaticity that are caused, and the processing conditions for membrane separation by the UF membrane separation device 12 at the latter stage can be easily set. In addition, the treatment operation is easy, and the concentration of pollutants to be separated into the membrane is considerably low up to the previous stage. A membrane separation device for sludge or coagulated sludge can be used, and the size of the membrane separation device can be reduced.
【００４１】また、第２凝集槽11にて凝集しＵＦ膜分離
装置12により膜分離した凝集物である濃縮液を、第１凝
集槽１に返送して浄化槽汚泥の凝集処理と一緒に凝集分
離により系外に排出させるため、凝集物である濃縮液に
含まれる凝集成分が生物処理槽５に流入することはな
く、安定して生物処理できる。Further, the concentrated liquid, which is an aggregate that is aggregated in the second flocculation tank 11 and membrane-separated by the UF membrane separation device 12, is returned to the first flocculation tank 1 and coagulated and separated together with the coagulation treatment of the septic tank sludge. As a result, the aggregate component contained in the concentrated liquid, which is an aggregate, does not flow into the biological treatment tank 5, and stable biological treatment can be performed.
【００４２】さらに、返送汚泥が固液分離である沈殿分
離にて分離できるため、生物処理の状況に応じて汚泥濃
度をかえても後段での膜分離へ掛かる負荷となるＳＳ濃
度に影響がない。Furthermore, since the returned sludge can be separated by sedimentation which is solid-liquid separation, even if the sludge concentration is changed depending on the biological treatment situation, there is no effect on the SS concentration which is a load on the membrane separation in the subsequent stage. .
【００４３】そして、前段における生物処理の阻害因子
の除去を目的とする凝集と、後段での生物処理にて処理
しきれない因子の除去を目的とする凝集との二段構成で
凝集させるので、適宜所望の凝集剤を選択でき、効率よ
く凝集処理できる。Then, since aggregation is carried out in a two-stage constitution, that is, aggregation for the purpose of removing an inhibitory factor of the biological treatment in the first stage and aggregation for the purpose of removing a factor which cannot be completely treated by the biological treatment in the latter stage, A desired aggregating agent can be appropriately selected, and the aggregating treatment can be efficiently performed.
【００４４】なお、上記実施の一形態において、脱水手
段として脱水機３を用いて説明したが、沈殿分離や遠心
分離、膜分離などでも適用できる。In the above embodiment, the dehydrator 3 is used as the dehydrating means, but it is also applicable to precipitation separation, centrifugation, membrane separation and the like.
【００４５】また、第１の凝集剤としては有機系凝集剤
に限られず、第２の凝集剤としても無機系凝集剤に限ら
れず、いずれの凝集剤を用いたり、複数の凝集剤を合わ
せて使用することもできる。The first coagulant is not limited to the organic coagulant, and the second coagulant is not limited to the inorganic coagulant. Any coagulant may be used or a plurality of coagulants may be combined. It can also be used.
【００４６】さらに、生物処理槽５は、例えば硝化反応
を行わせる槽と脱窒反応を行わせる槽とを区画形成する
など、硝化脱窒反応を行わせるいずれの構成としても同
様の効果が得られる。Further, the biological treatment tank 5 has the same effect even if it is configured to perform the nitrification / denitrification reaction, for example, by dividing the tank for performing the nitrification reaction and the tank for performing the denitrification reaction into compartments. To be
【００４７】また、固液分離として沈殿分離により説明
したが、沈殿分離に限らず、膜分離以外の機械分離を行
っても同様の効果が得られる。Although the solid-liquid separation has been described as the precipitation separation, the same effect can be obtained not only by the precipitation separation but also by the mechanical separation other than the membrane separation.
【００４８】[0048]
【実施例】上記実施の一形態の構成の装置を用いて、し
尿と浄化槽汚泥との浄化処理を行った実験について説明
する。[Examples] An experiment in which human waste and septic tank sludge are purified by using the apparatus of the above-described embodiment will be described.
【００４９】そして、浄化処理としては、浄化槽汚泥お
よびし尿を、少量の洗浄水にて洗浄しつつそれぞれスク
リーンにて除渣し、表１に示す性状の浄化槽汚泥および
し尿を得る。As the purification treatment, the septic tank sludge and human waste are removed with a screen while being washed with a small amount of washing water to obtain the septic tank sludge and human waste having the properties shown in Table 1.
【００５０】次に、浄化槽汚泥を約０．５ｍ3 ／日で余
剰汚泥返送手段および濃縮液返送手段にて返送される余
剰汚泥約０．４ｍ3 ／日および濃縮液約０．３ｍ3 ／日
とともに第１凝集槽１に流入させて、有機系の高分子凝
集剤約０．２重量％溶液を約８５リットル添加して攪拌
混合後、脱水機３にて脱水して乾燥重量で８．７kg／日
の凝集汚泥および表１に示す性状の凝集分離水を得る。Next, excess sludge of about 0.4 m 3 / day and concentrate about 0.3 m 3 / day, which is returned by the excess sludge return means and concentrate return means about 0.5 m 3 / day of septic tank sludge In addition, about 85 liters of a solution of about 0.2% by weight of an organic polymer flocculant was added to the first flocculation tank 1 and mixed with stirring, and then dehydrated by a dehydrator 3 to give a dry weight of 8.7 kg. / Day of coagulated sludge and coagulated separated water having the properties shown in Table 1 are obtained.
【００５１】そして、この凝集分離水約１．２ｍ3 ／日
をあらかじめ除渣した表１に示す性状のし尿０．５ｍ3
／日とともに生物処理槽５に流入させ、流入された混合
液を生物処理する。この後、生物処理した混合液を沈殿
槽７にて活性汚泥と表１に示す性状の分離水１．３ｍ3
／日を得る。なお、活性汚泥の一部である８ｍ3 ／日は
返送汚泥手段８にて再び生物処理槽５に返送し、残りの
０．４ｍ3 ／日は上述したように余剰汚泥として余剰汚
泥返送手段９にて第１凝集槽１に返送する。Approximately 1.2 m 3 / day of this aggregated and separated water was removed beforehand, and 0.5 m 3 of human waste having the properties shown in Table 1 was removed.
/ Day, and the mixed solution that has flowed into the biological treatment tank 5 is biologically treated. After that, the biologically treated mixed solution is treated with activated sludge in a settling tank 7 and 1.3 m 3 of separated water having the properties shown in Table 1.
/ Get the day. In addition, 8 m 3 / day which is a part of the activated sludge is returned to the biological treatment tank 5 again by the returning sludge means 8, and the remaining 0.4 m 3 / day is the excess sludge returning means 9 as excess sludge as described above. Return to the first flocculation tank 1.
【００５２】次に、分離水１．３ｍ3 ／日を第２凝集槽
11に流入させ、無機系凝集剤である塩化第２鉄５４．７
ｇ／ｌ溶液３３リットルを添加して凝集処理しつつ、水
酸化ナトリウム２７ｇ／ｌ溶液２１リットルを添加して
ｐＨを調整し、循環槽に流入させる。そして、吸込型の
ＵＦ膜分離装置12とにて循環させて膜分離し、表１に示
す性状の処理水である透過液を得る。なお、循環槽から
は、濃縮液返送手段13にて第１凝集槽１に上述したよう
に０．３ｍ3 ／日で濃縮液を返送する。Next, 1.3 m 3 / day of separated water was added to the second coagulation tank.
Inorganic coagulant ferric chloride 54.7
While adding 33 liters of a g / l solution to perform coagulation treatment, 21 liters of a 27 g / l solution of sodium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH, and the solution is allowed to flow into the circulation tank. Then, it is circulated in the suction type UF membrane separation device 12 for membrane separation to obtain a permeate which is treated water having the properties shown in Table 1. From the circulation tank, the concentrated liquid returning means 13 returns the concentrated liquid to the first flocculating tank 1 at 0.3 m 3 / day as described above.
【００５３】[0053]
【表１】 この表１に示す結果から、浄化槽汚泥およびし尿が同時
に高度に浄化処理できることがわかる。[Table 1] From the results shown in Table 1, it is understood that septic tank sludge and human waste can be highly purified at the same time.
【００５４】[0054]
【発明の効果】請求項１記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置に
よれば、第１の凝集分離手段にて浄化槽汚泥を主成分と
する汚泥水に第１の凝集剤を添加し凝集分離後の凝集分
離水にし尿を主成分とするし尿水を混合した混合液を、
生物処理手段にて生物処理後、固液分離手段にて一部生
物処理手段に返送される汚泥と分離水とに固液分離し、
分離水を第２の凝集手段にて第２の凝集剤を添加して凝
集処理し、膜分離手段にて第１の凝集分離手段に返送さ
れる濃縮液および系外に放流される処理水に膜分離する
ため、あらかじめ浄化槽汚泥を主成分とした汚泥水中の
生物処理の阻害因子を凝集分離でき、この凝集分離にて
不足傾向となる有機物をし尿を主成分とするし尿水を混
合して効率よく生物処理でき、固液分離にて膜分離の際
の膜負荷となる活性汚泥を除去した後、生物処理にて処
理されにくい例えばリン化合物や難分解性有機物などを
第２の凝集剤を添加して凝集させ低い負荷で膜分離で
き、安定して効率よく処理できる。According to the treatment apparatus for human waste sewage as set forth in claim 1, the first flocculating / separating means adds the first flocculant to the sludge water containing septic tank sludge as a main component, and after the coagulation / separation. A mixture of coagulated and separated water and urine-containing urine as the main component,
After the biological treatment by the biological treatment means, the solid-liquid separation means performs solid-liquid separation into sludge and separated water which is partially returned to the biological treatment means,
The separated water is subjected to a coagulation treatment by adding a second coagulant to the second coagulation means, and a concentrated liquid returned to the first coagulation separation means by the membrane separation means and a treated water discharged to the outside of the system. Because of membrane separation, it is possible to coagulate and separate biological treatment inhibitor in sludge water whose main component is septic tank sludge. After removing the activated sludge that can be biologically treated well and that becomes a membrane load during membrane separation by solid-liquid separation, add a second flocculant such as a phosphorus compound or a persistent organic substance that is difficult to be treated by biological treatment. Then, they can be aggregated and the membrane can be separated with a low load, and stable and efficient treatment can be performed.
【００５５】請求項２記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置によ
れば、請求項１記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置の効果に加
え、第１の凝集手段にて浄化槽汚泥を主成分とする汚泥
水に有機系凝集剤を添加した後、脱水手段にて生物処理
手段にて処理される凝集分離水から凝集され系外に排出
される凝集汚泥を分離するため、簡単な構成で効率よく
生物処理の阻害因子となる物質を容易に除去できる。According to the treatment apparatus for night soil sewage according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of the treatment apparatus for night soil sewage according to claim 1, sludge water containing septic tank sludge as a main component by the first flocculating means. After adding an organic flocculant to the, the coagulation sludge that is coagulated and discharged out of the system from the coagulation separation water that is treated by the biological treatment means by the dehydration means is separated, and thus the biological treatment can be performed efficiently with a simple configuration. A substance that becomes an inhibitor can be easily removed.
【００５６】請求項３記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置によ
れば、請求項１または２記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置の
効果に加え、凝集分離水とし尿水との混合による希釈に
て生物処理による活性汚泥の分離性が向上するので、高
価な膜分離が不要で簡単な構成で容易な沈殿分離ができ
処理コストを低減できるとともに、沈殿分離により一部
生物処理に返送される活性汚泥を分離でき、凝集分離に
よる凝集成分にて活性汚泥が凝集されることによる生物
処理効率の低下および処理コストの増大を防止できる。According to the treatment device for night soil-based wastewater of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the treatment device for night soil-based wastewater according to claim 1 or 2, the organism is obtained by dilution by mixing with aggregated separation water and urine water. Since the separability of activated sludge by treatment is improved, expensive membrane separation is not required, and simple sedimentation can be performed with a simple configuration and treatment cost can be reduced, and activated sludge that is partially returned to biological treatment by sedimentation can be removed. It can be separated, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in biological treatment efficiency and an increase in treatment cost due to agglomeration of activated sludge by agglomeration components.
【００５７】請求項４記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置によ
れば、請求項１または２記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置の
効果に加え、凝集分離水とし尿水との混合による希釈に
て生物処理による活性汚泥の分離性が向上するので、高
価な膜分離が不要で簡単な構成で容易な機械分離ができ
処理コストを低減できるとともに、機械分離により一部
生物処理に返送される活性汚泥を分離でき、凝集分離に
よる凝集成分にて活性汚泥が凝集されることによる生物
処理効率の低下および処理コストの増大を防止できる。According to the treatment apparatus for night soil-based wastewater of claim 4, in addition to the effect of the treatment apparatus for night soil-based wastewater according to claim 1 or 2, the organism is obtained by dilution with coagulated separated water by mixing with the urine water. Since the separability of activated sludge by treatment is improved, expensive mechanical separation is not required, and easy mechanical separation can be performed with a simple configuration, reducing treatment cost, and activated sludge partially returned to biological treatment by mechanical separation It can be separated, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in biological treatment efficiency and an increase in treatment cost due to agglomeration of activated sludge by agglomeration components.
【００５８】請求項５記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置によ
れば、請求項１ないし４いずれか一記載のし尿系汚水の
処理装置の効果に加え、第２の凝集剤として無機凝集剤
を用いるため、膜汚染の小さい無機凝集剤により固液分
離後の分離水中の生物処理にて処理されにくい例えばリ
ン化合物や難分解性有機物などを容易に膜分離できる。According to the treatment apparatus for night soil sewage according to claim 5, in addition to the effect of the treatment apparatus for night soil sewage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, an inorganic coagulant is used as the second coagulant. Therefore, for example, a phosphorus compound or a hardly decomposable organic substance which is difficult to be treated by the biological treatment in the separated water after the solid-liquid separation can be easily separated by the inorganic coagulant having a small membrane contamination.
【図１】本発明のし尿系汚水の処理装置の実施の一形態
を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a treatment device for night soil wastewater of the present invention.
１ 第１の凝集手段としての第１凝集槽 ３ 脱水手段としての脱水機 ４ 第１の凝集分離手段 ５ 生物処理手段としての生物処理槽 ７ 固液分離手段としての沈殿槽 11 第２の凝集手段としての第２凝集槽 12 膜分離手段としてのＵＦ膜分離装置 1 1st flocculation tank as 1st flocculation means 3 Dehydrator as dehydration means 4 1st flocculation and separation means 5 Biological treatment tank as biotreatment means 7 Settling tank as solid-liquid separation means 11 2nd flocculation means Second coagulation tank as a separator 12 UF membrane separator as membrane separator
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (71)出願人 000147408 株式会社西原環境衛生研究所 東京都港区芝浦３丁目６番18号 (71)出願人 000006208 三菱重工業株式会社 東京都千代田区丸の内二丁目５番１号 (72)発明者 高野 剛彦 東京都中央区日本橋本町四丁目９番11号 浅野工事株式会社内 (72)発明者 奥野 芳男 大阪府大阪市大正区船町二丁目２番11号 アタカ工業株式会社技術研究所内 (72)発明者 岡庭 良安 東京都品川区北品川五丁目９番11号 住友 重機械工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 岩瀬 俊雄 東京都大田区蒲田本町一丁目９番３号 株 式会社新潟鐵工所エンジニアリングセンタ ー内 (72)発明者 大泉 勝則 東京都港区芝浦三丁目６番18号 株式会社 西原環境衛生研究所内 (72)発明者 橋爪 隆夫 神奈川県横浜市中区錦町12番地 三菱重工 業株式会社横浜製作所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 000147408 Nishihara Institute of Environmental Health, 3-6-18 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 000006208 2--5 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 1 (72) Inventor Takehiko Takano 4-9-11 Nihonbashihonmachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Asano Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshio Okuno 2-2-11 Funamachi, Taisho-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Ataka Industrial Co., Ltd. Inside the Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Ryoyasu Okanaba 5-9-11 Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshio Iwase 1-9-3 Kamatahonmachi, Ota-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Katsunori Oizumi 3-6-18 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nishihara Environment Co., Ltd. The raw Institute (72) inventor Takao Hashizume Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Naka-ku, Nishiki-cho, number 12 Mitsubishi Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. in Yokohama Plant
Claims (5)
の凝集剤を添加し凝集汚泥および凝集分離水に凝集分離
する第１の凝集分離手段と、 この第１の凝集分離手段にて凝集分離された前記凝集分
離水にし尿を主成分とするし尿水を混合して混合液とし
この混合液を生物処理する生物処理手段と、 この生物処理手段にて生物処理された前記混合液を分離
水および一部前記生物処理手段に返送される汚泥に固液
分離する固液分離手段と、 この固液分離手段にて分離された前記分離水に第２の凝
集剤を添加して凝集処理する第２の凝集手段と、 この第２の凝集手段にて凝集処理された前記分離水を第
１の凝集分離手段に返送される濃縮液および系外に放流
される処理水に膜分離する膜分離手段とを具備したこと
を特徴とするし尿系汚水の処理装置。1. A first sludge water containing septic tank sludge as a main component.
First flocculating and separating means for flocculating and separating the flocculating agent into flocculated sludge and flocculating and separating water, and the above-mentioned flocculated and separated water flocculated and separated by the first flocculating and separating means and containing urine as a main component A biological treatment means for biologically treating the mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid biologically treated by the biological treatment means is separated into separated water and a part of sludge returned to the biological treatment means as a solid liquid. Solid-liquid separating means for separating, second aggregating means for adding a second aggregating agent to the separated water separated by the solid-liquid separating means for aggregating treatment, and aggregating by the second aggregating means An apparatus for treating human urine system wastewater, comprising: a membrane separation means for membrane-separating the treated separated water into a concentrated liquid returned to the first coagulating and separating means and treated water discharged to the outside of the system. .
集剤を汚泥水に添加して凝集処理する第１の凝集手段
と、 この第１の凝集手段にて凝集処理された前記汚泥水を凝
集汚泥および凝集分離水に分離する脱水手段とを備えた
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載のし尿系汚水の処理装
置。2. The first coagulating and separating means uses an organic coagulant as the first coagulant, and adds the organic coagulant to sludge water to perform coagulation treatment. 2. The treatment apparatus for human waste sewage according to claim 1, further comprising: a dehydrating unit that separates the sludge water that has been coagulated by the coagulating unit into coagulated sludge and coagulated separated water.
離であることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載のし尿
系汚水の処理装置。3. The treatment apparatus for night soil sewage according to claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid separation by the solid-liquid separation means is precipitation separation.
を除く機械分離であることを特徴とする請求項１または
２記載のし尿系汚水の処理装置。4. The treatment apparatus for night soil sewage according to claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid separation by the solid-liquid separation means is mechanical separation except membrane separation.
を特徴とする請求項１ないし４いずれか一記載のし尿系
汚水の処理装置。5. The treatment apparatus for night soil sewage according to claim 1, wherein the second coagulant is an inorganic coagulant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12746096A JP3229806B2 (en) | 1996-05-22 | 1996-05-22 | Human wastewater treatment equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12746096A JP3229806B2 (en) | 1996-05-22 | 1996-05-22 | Human wastewater treatment equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09314193A true JPH09314193A (en) | 1997-12-09 |
| JP3229806B2 JP3229806B2 (en) | 2001-11-19 |
Family
ID=14960485
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12746096A Expired - Lifetime JP3229806B2 (en) | 1996-05-22 | 1996-05-22 | Human wastewater treatment equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3229806B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105481166A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-04-13 | 山东龙港化工有限公司 | Quench water recovery treatment and recycling system of methanol-to-propylene device |
| CN111170494A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-05-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Treatment device for external sewage discharged from circulating water |
-
1996
- 1996-05-22 JP JP12746096A patent/JP3229806B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105481166A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-04-13 | 山东龙港化工有限公司 | Quench water recovery treatment and recycling system of methanol-to-propylene device |
| CN111170494A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-05-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Treatment device for external sewage discharged from circulating water |
| CN111170494B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2022-06-03 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Treatment device for circulating water discharged sewage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3229806B2 (en) | 2001-11-19 |
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