JPH0933931A - Manufacture of liquid crystal display - Google Patents
Manufacture of liquid crystal displayInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0933931A JPH0933931A JP18135895A JP18135895A JPH0933931A JP H0933931 A JPH0933931 A JP H0933931A JP 18135895 A JP18135895 A JP 18135895A JP 18135895 A JP18135895 A JP 18135895A JP H0933931 A JPH0933931 A JP H0933931A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- substrates
- crystal display
- sealing material
- seal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は液晶ディスプレイの
製造方法に関し、特に各種表示方式で用いられる液晶デ
ィスプレイの製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display used in various display systems.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】液晶ディスプレイの表示方式としては、
主流を占めるツイステッド・ネマティック（ＴＮ）方
式、スーパーツイステッド・ネマティック（ＳＴＮ）方
式や、その他一部で実用化されているゲスト・ホスト
（ＧＨ）方式、ホメオトロピック方式、ハイブリッド配
向方式、ＳＢＥ方式、強誘電性液晶（ＦＦＬＣ）方式な
ど種々の方式が用いられている。これら各種の表示方式
で用いられる液晶ディスプレイパネルに関して、その製
造方法は骨子において共通している。その概要を述べる
と以下の通りである。2. Description of the Related Art As a display system of a liquid crystal display,
Mainstream Twisted Nematic (TN) method, Super Twisted Nematic (STN) method, guest host (GH) method, homeotropic method, hybrid orientation method, SBE method, strong Various methods such as a dielectric liquid crystal (FFLC) method are used. Regarding the liquid crystal display panel used in these various display systems, the manufacturing method is common in the essence. The outline is as follows.
【０００３】（１）すなわち、まず片側に透明電極の形
成された２枚の透明ガラス基板のそれぞれの透明電極の
上に液晶配向の処理を行い、（２）次いで両基板間の間
隔を保つためのスペーシング処理を行い、（３）次いで
両基板をその各透明電極が内側になるように平行に対向
させて、その表示領域周辺部を液晶剤注入孔相当部を残
してシール接合し、（４）次いで両基板間隙でシールで
囲まれた領域に注入孔を通じて液晶剤を注入し、次いで
注入孔を樹脂にて封止する、という工程系列が共通して
いる。この後はこうして作製されたパネルをそのまま使
用する場合もあるし、更に偏光フィルムを貼り合わせた
り、或いは更に位相差フィルムを貼り合わせるなど、そ
の表示モードによって後工程は異なってくる。しかし液
晶剤注入・封孔に至るまでの工程は各種の表示モードに
おいてほぼ共通して上述の通りである。(1) That is, first, a liquid crystal alignment process is performed on each transparent electrode of two transparent glass substrates having a transparent electrode formed on one side, and (2) in order to maintain a space between both substrates. (3) Next, both substrates are opposed to each other in parallel so that their respective transparent electrodes are inside, and the peripheral portion of the display region is sealed and joined, leaving a portion corresponding to the liquid crystal agent injection hole, ( 4) Next, there is a common process sequence of injecting a liquid crystal agent through an injection hole into a region surrounded by a seal between both substrates and then sealing the injection hole with a resin. After that, the panel thus manufactured may be used as it is, or a polarizing film may be further bonded, or a retardation film may be further bonded. However, the steps up to the liquid crystal agent injection / sealing are almost the same as described above in various display modes.
【０００４】本発明で対象にする上記（３）の両基板の
シール材による接合工程をより詳しく述べると、その内
容は以下の通りである。The details of the step (3) of joining the two substrates with the sealing material, which is the object of the present invention, are as follows.
【０００５】３−１）すなわち先ず片側の基板におい
て、透明電極が形成され配向処理の為された面に対し、
液晶ディスプレイにおける表示領域に相当する部分を線
状に囲む形で、未硬化の接着性樹脂（以下、シール材と
記す）によってシール部を形成する。シール部には液晶
剤注入の為の開口部を開けておく。ここで用いられるシ
ール材としてはエポキシ樹脂に代表される熱硬化性樹脂
が最も多く用いられ、その他にアクリル樹脂に代表され
る光硬化性樹脂が用いられる事もある。シール材の中に
は両基板の間隔を維持するためのスペーサ材が添加され
るのが一般的である。基板表面へのシール材の形成方法
は、スクリーン印刷に代表される印刷法や、ディスペン
サに代表される描画法によっている。3-1) That is, first, on the substrate on one side, with respect to the surface on which the transparent electrode is formed and the alignment treatment is performed,
A seal portion is formed of an uncured adhesive resin (hereinafter referred to as a seal material) in a form of linearly surrounding a portion corresponding to a display area in the liquid crystal display. An opening for injecting a liquid crystal agent is opened in the seal portion. As the sealing material used here, a thermosetting resin typified by an epoxy resin is most often used, and a photocurable resin typified by an acrylic resin may be used in addition to the above. In general, a spacer material is added to the sealing material to maintain the space between the two substrates. The sealing material is formed on the surface of the substrate by a printing method typified by screen printing or a drawing method typified by a dispenser.
【０００６】３−２）通常は液晶ディスプレイ駆動のた
めの電気的導通を両基板間でとるために、片側の基板面
上にトランスファ用の導電性接合ポイントが形成され
る。また両基板間隔を表示領域内で保持する為に、スペ
ーサ材が片側基板表示領域表面上に形成される。スペー
サ材としてはポリマーやシリカを素材とした粒径の均一
な球状微粒子が用いられる事が多い。これらスペーサの
基板表面への形成方法としては、例えばスペーサ用微粒
子を噴霧して基板表面へ均一な密度で分散させる方法が
ある。3-2) Usually, in order to establish electrical conduction for driving the liquid crystal display between the two substrates, a conductive joint point for transfer is formed on one substrate surface. In addition, a spacer material is formed on the surface of the one-sided substrate display area in order to maintain the distance between both substrates in the display area. As the spacer material, spherical fine particles having a uniform particle diameter made of polymer or silica are often used. As a method for forming these spacers on the substrate surface, for example, there is a method in which fine particles for spacers are sprayed and dispersed on the substrate surface at a uniform density.
【０００７】３−３）これらの予備的な処理が為された
後に、両基板はその被処理面を内側として対向し貼り合
わされる。貼り合わせにおいて両基板の接合部位となる
のは予め形成されたシール部である。3-3) After these preliminary treatments are performed, the two substrates are bonded to each other with their surfaces to be treated facing inside. A pre-formed seal portion serves as a joining portion of both substrates in the bonding.
【０００８】３−４）貼り合わされた後にシール材に対
して硬化処理が加えられる。シール材の硬化は、それが
熱硬化性樹脂の場合には加熱により、またそれが光硬化
性樹脂の場合には主として紫外線照射により実施され
る。硬化過程においては基板の歪み及びそれによって派
生するセルギャップの不均一性を防止する目的で、図４
に示すように、貼り合わされた両基板（以下、重ね基板
と記す）４は平面度の高い剛直な板（以下、加圧板と記
す）２，６に挟まれ、加圧されながら硬化工程を経るの
が通常である。重ね基板４と加圧板２，６との間には、
応力や衝撃を緩和する目的でクッション材３，５が挿入
される事が多い。硬化工程における加圧板２，６を通じ
ての重ね基板４への加圧は、専用治具で重ね基板４及び
加圧板２，６を挟み込む場合、重ね合わせ繰り返し単位
１とし複数組の重ね基板４及び加圧板２，６を繰り返し
重畳した形で挟み込むのが効率的である。3-4) After the bonding, the sealing material is subjected to a curing treatment. Curing of the sealing material is carried out by heating when it is a thermosetting resin, and mainly by UV irradiation when it is a photocuring resin. In order to prevent the distortion of the substrate and the resulting non-uniformity of the cell gap during the curing process, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, both substrates (hereinafter, referred to as a stacked substrate) 4 bonded together are sandwiched between rigid plates (hereinafter, referred to as pressure plates) 2 and 6 having high flatness, and undergo a curing process while being pressurized. Is normal. Between the stacked substrate 4 and the pressure plates 2 and 6,
The cushioning materials 3 and 5 are often inserted for the purpose of relieving stress and impact. The pressure applied to the stacked substrate 4 through the pressure plates 2 and 6 in the curing step is set as a stacking repeating unit 1 when the stacked substrate 4 and the pressure plates 2 and 6 are sandwiched by a dedicated jig, and a plurality of sets of stacked substrates 4 and the stacked plates 4 and 6 are applied. It is efficient to sandwich the pressure plates 2 and 6 in a repeated overlapping manner.
【０００９】シール部の加圧硬化について、その仕上が
り状態を向上させる為の技術としては、種々の方法が知
られている。その内容について例を挙げると以下のよう
なものが挙げられる。Various methods are known as techniques for improving the finished state of the pressure-hardened seal portion. Examples of the contents are as follows.
【００１０】（Ａ）特開平４−３５５４３２号公報 ここでは重畳された重ね基板を減圧室内で加熱しながら
可変加圧シリンダーによって徐々に加圧して接着し均一
な表示素子を得ている。(A) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-355432 Here, the superposed laminated substrates are heated in a decompression chamber while being gradually pressed by a variable pressurizing cylinder to be bonded to obtain a uniform display element.
【００１１】（Ｂ）特開平３−７３９３０号公報 ここではシール材の硬化工程をエアバッグを押しつけて
加圧しながら実施し反り等の問題が少ない液晶表示パネ
ルを得ている。(B) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 3-73930 Here, a liquid crystal display panel having less problems such as warpage is obtained by carrying out the curing process of the sealing material while pressing the air bag and applying pressure.
【００１２】（Ｃ）特開平４−２９１３２０号公報 ここでは重ね基板は真空包装袋に入れて真空状態にされ
た形で加熱硬化されシール部内の気泡が少ないパネルが
得られている。(C) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-291320 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Here, a panel is obtained in which a laminated substrate is placed in a vacuum packaging bag and is heat-cured in a vacuum state so as to have few bubbles in the seal portion.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】シール材の硬化を行う
場合における問題点として硬化後に重ね基板内に応力が
残留し、形状が歪むため最終製品における表示品位が悪
化する事が挙げられる。歪みが発生するのは、次のよう
な幾つかの原因による。A problem in curing the sealing material is that the stress remains in the laminated substrate after curing and the shape is distorted, which deteriorates the display quality in the final product. The distortion is caused by the following several causes.
【００１４】（１）２枚の基板を貼り合わせ加圧板と相
互に重畳して行く工程で、自重及び重ね上げ作業の振れ
によって加圧板ないし重ね基板が変形する。(1) In the process of laminating two substrates and laminating them together with the pressure plate, the pressure plate or the laminated substrate is deformed due to its own weight and deflection of the stacking work.
【００１５】（２）重ね基板及び加圧板を重畳した後専
用治具でそれらを加圧する際に、加圧の不均一性や治具
・加圧板の変形によって重ね基板が変化する。(2) When the stacked substrate and the pressure plate are superposed and then they are pressed by a dedicated jig, the stacked substrate changes due to non-uniformity of pressure or deformation of the jig / press plate.
【００１６】（３）シール硬化工程特に熱硬化工程にお
いて、治具・加圧板・重ね基板が熱膨張によって変形
し、それらの総合された変形が重ね基板に対して付与さ
れる。(3) Seal curing step In the heat curing step, in particular, the jig, the pressure plate, and the laminated substrate are deformed by thermal expansion, and the combined deformation thereof is applied to the laminated substrate.
【００１７】この結果発生した変形が最終製品に至るま
で残留した場合、表示品位に対して悪影響を及ぼす。Ｔ
Ｎモードに例をとって説明すると、その内容は次の通り
である。ＴＮモードの液晶ディスプレイにおいては、そ
の光透過率は例えばＪ．Ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ：Ｄ Ａｐｐ
ｌ．Ｐｈｙｓ．Ｖｏｌ ８，ｐ１５７５（１９７５）に
述べられている通り、液晶剤の屈折率異方性（Δｎ）と
液晶層の厚み即ちセルギャップ（ｄ）との積Δｎ・ｄに
よって支配され、Δｎ・ｄが小さな値から大きな値まで
変化する中で光透過率は増大と低下とを規則的に繰り返
す。ある特定の液晶ディスプレイに着目すれば液晶剤は
同一であるのでΔｎは一定値であり、従って光透過率は
セルギャップｄが小さな値から大きな値まで変化する中
で増大と低下とを規則的に繰り返す事になる。これ故に
シール材の硬化工程において変形が生じる事によって表
示領域の中でセルギャップが不均一になった場合、光透
過率が表示領域の中で不均一になって表示むらとして観
察される。これは表示品位として大きな損失である。If the resulting deformation remains in the final product, the display quality is adversely affected. T
An example of the N mode will be described below. In a TN mode liquid crystal display, its light transmittance is, for example, according to J. Physics: D App
l. Phys. As described in Vol 8, p1575 (1975), it is dominated by the product Δn · d of the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of the liquid crystal agent and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, that is, the cell gap (d), and Δn · d is The light transmittance regularly increases and decreases while changing from a small value to a large value. Focusing on a specific liquid crystal display, since the liquid crystal agents are the same, Δn has a constant value, and therefore the light transmittance regularly increases and decreases as the cell gap d changes from a small value to a large value. I will repeat. Therefore, when the cell gap becomes non-uniform in the display area due to deformation in the curing process of the sealing material, the light transmittance becomes non-uniform in the display area, and it is observed as display unevenness. This is a great loss in display quality.
【００１８】上記従来の技術の項で述べたシール材の硬
化工程に関する先行特許による具体例については、
（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、（Ｃ）いずれも設備、治具が現状技術
に比べて複雑であったり、作業方法が煩雑であったりし
て工業的には有利でない。Regarding the concrete examples according to the prior patent regarding the curing process of the sealing material described in the section of the above-mentioned prior art,
All of (A), (B), and (C) are not industrially advantageous because the equipment and jigs are more complicated than the existing technology, and the working method is complicated.
【００１９】本発明の目的は、複雑な設備・治具を用い
ることなく単純な作業で、シール材の硬化後に重ね基板
の形状に歪がなく、表示品位の高い液晶ディスプレイが
得られる液晶ディスプレイの製造方法を提供することに
ある。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display which can be obtained by a simple operation without using complicated equipment and jigs, in which the shape of the laminated substrate is not distorted after the sealing material is cured and the display quality is high. It is to provide a manufacturing method.
【００２０】[0020]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、透明電極が形
成され配向処理が施された２枚の基板を透明電極と被配
向処理面を内側にして対向させ表示領域の外側に液晶剤
注入孔を残してシールを形成した後に重ね合わせる工程
と、シール材の硬化を行って前記２枚の基板を接合する
工程と、前記シールで囲まれた領域に液晶剤を注入し前
記液晶剤注入孔を封止する工程とを有する液晶ディスプ
レイの製造方法において、前記シール材の硬化を行って
前記２枚の基板を接合する工程が、前記シールを形成し
重ね合わせた前記２枚の基板を加圧治具で加圧しながら
この加圧治具に音波振動を与えて加熱硬化させこの音波
振動が前記加圧治具を通して前記基板界面から前記シー
ル材の中に伝播させる工程を含む事を特徴とする。According to the present invention, a liquid crystal agent is injected to the outside of a display area by making two substrates, on which a transparent electrode is formed and subjected to an alignment treatment, face each other with the transparent electrode and the surface to be aligned being inside. The step of stacking after forming a seal leaving a hole, the step of curing the sealing material to bond the two substrates, and the step of injecting a liquid crystal agent into the area surrounded by the seal to inject the liquid crystal agent And a step of bonding the two substrates by curing the sealing material in the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display, the method comprising: The method further comprises a step of applying sonic vibration to the pressure jig while applying pressure with the jig to heat and cure the sonic vibration, and causing the sonic vibration to propagate through the pressure jig from the substrate interface into the sealing material. .
【００２１】本発明者は上記シール硬化工程における応
力に基ずくギャップ不均一を解決すべく鋭意検討を行っ
た結果、本発明に到達した。その作用を以下に述べる。The present inventor has arrived at the present invention as a result of extensive studies to solve the gap nonuniformity based on the stress in the seal curing step. The operation will be described below.
【００２２】本発明においては、シールの硬化工程にお
いてシール材の内部に音波振動が照射される。照射され
る音波の振動数は５００Ｈｚ以上５０００Ｈｚ以下、照
射される音波振動の強度は音のパワー密度にして１ｃｍ
2 当たり１０-8Ｗ以上１Ｗ以下が望ましい事が実験によ
り確認された。シール材は透明基板と直接接しており、
音波振動は透明基板から接着界面を通じてシール材内部
へ照射される。透明基板に対する音波振動の伝播は次の
様な形で為される。重ね基板及び加圧板の組は相互に重
ね合わされ、加圧用の専用治具にて締め付け等の方法に
て加圧される。この場合最外部の加圧板或いはそれと直
接接する治具の部位は、その内側に包摂される重ね基板
及び加圧板の重畳された組と機械的に緊密に接触してお
り、この故に最外部の加圧板或いはそれと直接接する治
具の部位に音波振動が与えられると、音波振動は効率良
く重ね基板・加圧板の重畳された組の内部へ伝播され
る。こうして液晶ディスプレイ用透明基板まで伝播され
た音波振動は、上述のようにしてシール材内部に照射さ
れる。何層かに重畳された重ね基板の中で内側に位置す
る物のシール部への音波振動の伝播は、より外側に位置
する加圧板及び透明基板、更にはその基板間のシール材
を通過して当該シール材に接する透明基板に到達する事
によって実現される。最外部の加圧板或いはそれと直接
接する治具の部位に対する音波振動の付与は、それに対
して音波発生源を接触させる事によって為される。ここ
で用いられる音波発生源としては、例えば電磁式音響ブ
ザー、音響スピーカー、音波振動子などを挙げる事がで
きる。In the present invention, sonic vibration is applied to the inside of the seal material in the step of hardening the seal. The frequency of the applied sound wave is 500 Hz or more and 5000 Hz or less, and the strength of the applied sound wave vibration is 1 cm in terms of the sound power density.
It was confirmed by experiments that 10 -8 W or more and 1 W or less per 2 are desirable. The sealing material is in direct contact with the transparent substrate,
Sound wave vibrations are emitted from the transparent substrate to the inside of the sealing material through the adhesive interface. Propagation of sound wave vibration to the transparent substrate is performed in the following manner. The set of the stacked substrate and the pressure plate are superposed on each other and pressed by a dedicated jig for pressing by a method such as tightening. In this case, the outermost pressure plate or the part of the jig that is in direct contact with it is in close mechanical contact with the superposed substrate and pressure plate superposed group that are included in the outermost pressure plate. When sonic vibration is applied to the pressure plate or a portion of the jig that is in direct contact with the pressure plate, the sonic vibration is efficiently propagated to the inside of the set in which the stacked substrate and the pressure plate are superposed. The acoustic vibration propagated to the transparent substrate for liquid crystal display in this way is applied to the inside of the sealing material as described above. Propagation of sound wave vibration to the seal part of the object located inside in the stacked substrates superposed in several layers passes through the pressure plate and the transparent substrate located further outside and further the seal material between the substrates. It is realized by reaching a transparent substrate in contact with the sealing material. The sound wave vibration is applied to the outermost pressure plate or the portion of the jig that is in direct contact with the pressure plate by bringing the sound wave generation source into contact therewith. Examples of the sound wave generation source used here include an electromagnetic sound buzzer, an acoustic speaker, and a sound wave oscillator.
【００２３】液晶ディスプレイパネルの製造においてそ
のシール硬化工程において本発明の方法を適用した場
合、セルギャップ不均一に基づくパネル不良が大幅に低
減される事が、本発明者の各種実験による比較検討によ
って発見された。本発明による方法がどのようなメカニ
ズムによって有効に作用しているのか、その理論的な解
明は十分には為されるまで至っていないが、実験的には
明確にその効果が確認されている。この効果が発現する
メカニズムについては推定の域を出ないが、本発明者の
考えによれば、シール材の硬化工程においてその内部に
音波振動が照射されることによって硬化途中でのシール
材の可塑性がチキソトロピー効果によって向上し、硬化
工程で蓄積されつつある各種変形が、シールの可塑性向
上に基づく更なる変形への自由度向上の寄与によって、
低応力方向の形状へ解放される事によるのではないかと
考えている。In the manufacture of a liquid crystal display panel, when the method of the present invention is applied in the seal curing step, panel failure due to nonuniform cell gap is significantly reduced. It's been found. The mechanism by which the method according to the present invention works effectively has not been fully elucidated theoretically, but the effect has been clearly confirmed experimentally. Although the mechanism by which this effect appears is beyond the scope of estimation, according to the idea of the present inventor, the plasticity of the sealing material during curing is irradiated by sonic vibration in the curing step of the sealing material. Is improved by the thixotropic effect, and various deformations that are accumulating in the curing process are contributed by the improvement of the degree of freedom for further deformation based on the improvement of the plasticity of the seal.
I think that this may be due to the release to the shape in the low stress direction.
【００２４】本発明が有効に作用する液晶ディスプレイ
は、そのパネル製造工程において従来の技術の項で説明
したようなシール材の硬化工程を経る液晶ディスプレイ
全般である。即ち、ツイステッド・ネマティック（Ｔ
Ｎ）方式、スーパーツイステッド・ネマティック（ＳＴ
Ｎ）方式、ゲスト・ホスト（ＧＨ）方式、ホメオトロピ
ック方式、ハイブリッド配向方式、ＳＢＥ方式、強誘電
性液晶（ＦＦＬＣ）方式などが対象である。ここで言う
ＴＮ方式の中には単純セル方式、セグメント方式、単純
マトリクス方式、薄膜トランジスタ（ＴＦＴ）型等のア
クティブマトリクス方式などが含まれる。Liquid crystal displays to which the present invention works effectively are all liquid crystal displays that undergo the sealing material curing step as described in the section of the prior art in the panel manufacturing process. That is, Twisted Nematic (T
N) method, Super Twisted Nematic (ST
N) system, guest-host (GH) system, homeotropic system, hybrid alignment system, SBE system, ferroelectric liquid crystal (FFLC) system, and the like. The TN method mentioned here includes a simple cell method, a segment method, a simple matrix method, an active matrix method such as a thin film transistor (TFT) type, and the like.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の実施の形態】次に本発明の実施の形態について
図面を参照して説明する。図１は本発明の一実施の形態
のシール材硬化方法を説明する加圧専用治具の側面図で
ある。本発明の一実施の形態を実現するために下記の材
料を使用した。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a pressurizing jig for explaining a sealing material curing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The following materials were used to realize one embodiment of the present invention.
【００２６】（１）透明電極付きガラス基板 Ａ ＴＦＴ素子を形成したアクティブマトリクス型ガラ
ス基板 ドットサイズ 横１００μｍ×縦３００μｍ ドット数 横１９２０ 縦６４０ 板厚 １．１ｍｍ Ｂ カラーフィルタ基板 赤（Ｒ）、緑（Ｇ）、青（Ｂ）の縦方向ストライプ配列 ストライプピッチ １００μｍ ストライプ本数 １９２０本 板厚 １．１ｍｍ Ｃ インジウム・スズ酸化物（以下、ＩＴＯと記す）ス
トライプパタン化ガラス基板 ストライプ方向 縦 ストライプピッチ ３００μｍ ストライプ本数 ６４０本 Ｄ ＩＴＯストライプパタン化ガラス基板 ストライプ方向 横 ストライプピッチ ３００μｍ ストライプ本数 ４８０本 （２）シール材 ＴＦＴ型アクティブマトリクス方式で工業的に一般的に
用いられている、一液型エポキシ樹脂、すなわちエポキ
シ主剤と硬化剤とが予め混合されて一液状になっている
物を使用した。(1) Glass substrate with a transparent electrode A Active matrix type glass substrate on which a TFT element is formed Dot size 100 μm in width × 300 μm in length Number of dots 1920 in height 640 in plate thickness 1.1 mm B Color filter substrate Red (R), green Vertical stripe arrangement of (G) and blue (B) Stripe pitch 100 μm Number of stripes 1920 stripes 1.1 mm C Indium tin oxide (hereinafter referred to as ITO) Striped patterned glass substrate Stripe direction Vertical stripe pitch 300 μm stripe Number of 640 D ITO stripe patterned glass substrate Stripe direction Horizontal stripe pitch 300 μm Number of stripes 480 (2) Sealing material One-part epoxy resin, which is generally used industrially in the TFT active matrix system, Using what has become one liquid and KazuSatoshi epoxy main agent and curing agent are mixed in advance.
【００２７】（３）シール用スペーサ ガラス製の円柱状微粒子：日本電気硝子（株）製マイク
ロロッド （４）表示領域用スペーサ ポリマ製の球状微粒子：積水ファインケミカル（株）製
ミクロパール （５）その他：配向膜用ポリイミド、液晶剤、トランス
ファ用銀ペースト、封孔剤、偏向フィルム等ＴＦＴ型ア
クティブマトリクス方式で一般的に使用されている物を
使用した。(3) Spacer for sealing Cylindrical fine particles made of glass: Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. micro rod (4) Spacer for display area Spherical fine particles made of polymer: Sekisui Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Micro pearl (5) Others : Polyimide for alignment film, liquid crystal agent, silver paste for transfer, sealing agent, deflection film, etc. which are generally used in TFT active matrix system were used.
【００２８】上記の材料を使用し、下記の順序に従って
パネルを組立てた。Using the above materials, the panels were assembled according to the following sequence.
【００２９】（１）配向処理 基板の透明電極が形成されている側の面に配向膜用ポリ
イミドをグラビアオフセット印刷にて成膜した後焼成し
た。次いで配向膜表面をレーヨン布にてラビングした。(1) Alignment Treatment A polyimide for alignment film was formed on the surface of the substrate on which the transparent electrode was formed by gravure offset printing, and then baked. Then, the surface of the alignment film was rubbed with a rayon cloth.
【００３０】（２）シール形成 シール材とシール用スペーサとを予め混練した後、スク
リーン印刷にて基板ＢないしＤの透明電極側の面にパタ
ン形成した。(2) Seal formation After the seal material and the seal spacer were kneaded in advance, a pattern was formed on the surface of the substrates B to D on the transparent electrode side by screen printing.
【００３１】（３）表示領域スペーサ処理 表示領域用スペーサを基板の透明電極側の面にスプレイ
散布した。(3) Display Area Spacer Treatment Display area spacers were sprayed onto the transparent electrode side surface of the substrate.
【００３２】（４）トランスファ形成 基板の周辺部電極に銀ペーストをディスペンサにてスポ
ット打ちした。(4) Transfer formation A silver paste was spotted on the peripheral electrodes of the substrate by a dispenser.
【００３３】（５）重ね合わせ 図４に示した従来と同じ構成の重ね合わせ繰返し単位８
を重畳して行った。(5) Superposition The superposition repeating unit 8 of the same construction as the conventional one shown in FIG.
Was superposed.
【００３４】透明電極付きガラス基板ＡとＢ、ないしＣ
とＤとを透明電極面が内側となるように対向させて、パ
タン位置を合わせて重ね合わせた。次いでこの重ね基板
４と、加圧板２，６としてのステンレス板とを、クッシ
ョン材３，５としてのテフロンシートを間に挟み重ね合
わせ繰り返し単位８を構成しながら相互に重畳した。重
ね基板４の数を１０組とし重ね基板重畳物７とした。こ
の重畳物を上下から加圧専用治具９で挟み加圧した。Glass substrates A and B or C having transparent electrodes
And D were made to face each other with the transparent electrode surface facing inside, and the pattern positions were aligned and overlapped. Next, the laminated substrate 4 and the stainless steel plates as the pressure plates 2 and 6 were superposed on each other while sandwiching a Teflon sheet as the cushion materials 3 and 5 therebetween to form a repeating unit 8. The number of stacked substrates 4 was set to 10 to form a stacked substrate stack 7. This superimposed product was sandwiched from above and below by a pressurizing jig 9 and pressed.
【００３５】（６）硬化工程 加圧専用治具９にセットされた重ね基板重畳物７を所定
の温度プログラムに従って加熱する事によりシール材の
硬化を行った。(6) Curing Step The sealing material was cured by heating the laminated substrate stack 7 set in the pressurizing jig 9 according to a predetermined temperature program.
【００３６】（７）液晶注入・他 シール材硬化の終了した重ね基板４の不要部を切断して
取り除き、次いで常法にて液晶剤を注入孔から注入し、
注入孔を封孔材にて封止した。次いでパネル外側の両面
に偏光フィルムを、その吸収軸が相互に平行となるよう
な設定で貼り付けた。 〔パネルギャップ評価方法〕図３（ａ）〜（ｄ）はそれ
ぞれ実施例１，２及び比較例１，２の液晶表示パネルの
表示状態を示す平面図である。上記の材料及び組立て方
法により、実施例１，２及び比較用として比較例１，２
の液晶パネルを製作し、これらの液晶パネルを液晶ディ
スプレイ用バックライトの上に置き、下から照明しなが
ら表示面を目視にて観察しセルギャップ不均一に起因す
る表示領域内の濃淡むらの有無を確認した。その結果、 〔実施例１〕透明電極付きガラス基板として基板ＡとＢ
と組み合わせて使用した。上記パネル製造工程の（６）
硬化工程において、最上部の加圧板２に音波振動子とし
て電磁式音響ブザーを接触し、音のパワー密度条件１０
-4Ｗ／ｃｍ2 にて音波振動を照射した。全体構成を図１
に示す。この時の表示状態は図３（ａ）に示すとおり表
示画面１２にむらの発生がなく、セルギャップが良好な
事に対応する内容であった。 〔実施例２〕透明電極付きガラス基板として基板ＣとＤ
と組み合わせて使用した。上記パネル製造工程の（６）
硬化工程において、最上部の加圧板２に音波振動子とし
て電磁式音響ブザーを接触し、音のパワー密度条件１０
-6Ｗ／ｃｍ2 にて音波振動を照射した。全体構成は実施
例１と同じく図１に示されている。この時の表示状態は
図３（ｂ）に示すとおり表示画面１２にむらの発生がな
く、セルギャップが良好な事に対応する内容であった。 〔比較例１〕透明電極付きガラス基板として基板ＡとＢ
と組み合わせて使用した。上記パネル製造工程の（６）
硬化工程においては音波振動の照射は行わず、その他の
方法・条件は実施例１と全く同一にしてパネルを製造し
た。全体構成を図２に示す。この時の表示状態は図３
（ｃ）に示すとおり表示画面１２にむら１３が発生し、
セルギャップが良好でない事に対応する内容であった。 〔比較例２〕透明電極付きガラス基板として基板ＣとＤ
と組み合わせて使用した。上記パネル製造工程の（６）
硬化工程においては音波振動の照射は行わず、その他の
方法・条件は実施例２と全く同一にしてパネルを製造し
た。全体構成は図２に示されたように比較例１と同様で
ある。この時の表示状態は図３（ｄ）に示すとおり表示
画面１２にむら１３が発生し、セルギャップが良好でな
い事に対応する内容であった。(7) Liquid crystal injection / others The unnecessary portion of the laminated substrate 4 on which the sealing material has been hardened is cut and removed, and then a liquid crystal agent is injected from an injection hole by a conventional method.
The injection hole was sealed with a sealing material. Then, polarizing films were attached to both surfaces outside the panel in such a manner that their absorption axes were parallel to each other. [Panel Gap Evaluation Method] FIGS. 3A to 3D are plan views showing the display states of the liquid crystal display panels of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively. By the above materials and assembling method, Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 for comparison
The liquid crystal panel was manufactured and placed on a backlight for a liquid crystal display, and the display surface was visually observed while illuminating from below, and the presence or absence of uneven density in the display area due to the uneven cell gap. It was confirmed. As a result, [Example 1] substrates A and B as glass substrates with transparent electrodes
Used in combination with. (6) of the panel manufacturing process
In the curing step, an electromagnetic sound buzzer as a sound wave vibrator was brought into contact with the uppermost pressing plate 2 to obtain a sound power density condition 10
Sonic vibration was applied at -4 W / cm 2 . Figure 1 shows the overall configuration
Shown in As shown in FIG. 3A, the display state at this time had no unevenness on the display screen 12 and corresponded to the fact that the cell gap was good. Example 2 Substrates C and D as glass substrates with transparent electrodes
Used in combination with. (6) of the panel manufacturing process
In the curing step, an electromagnetic sound buzzer as a sound wave vibrator was brought into contact with the uppermost pressing plate 2 to obtain a sound power density condition 10
The sonic vibration was applied at -6 W / cm 2 . The overall structure is shown in FIG. 1 as in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3B, the display state at this time had no unevenness on the display screen 12 and corresponded to the fact that the cell gap was good. Comparative Example 1 Substrates A and B as glass substrates with transparent electrodes
Used in combination with. (6) of the panel manufacturing process
In the curing step, irradiation of sonic vibration was not performed, and other methods and conditions were exactly the same as in Example 1 to manufacture a panel. FIG. 2 shows the overall configuration. The display state at this time is shown in FIG.
As shown in (c), unevenness 13 occurs on the display screen 12,
The contents corresponded to the poor cell gap. [Comparative Example 2] Substrates C and D as glass substrates with transparent electrodes
Used in combination with. (6) of the panel manufacturing process
In the curing step, irradiation of sonic vibration was not performed, and other methods and conditions were exactly the same as in Example 2 to manufacture a panel. The overall structure is the same as that of Comparative Example 1 as shown in FIG. The display state at this time was such that unevenness 13 occurred on the display screen 12 as shown in FIG. 3D and the cell gap was not good.
【００３７】[0037]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明は、シール材
硬化工程において２枚の基板を加圧治具で加圧しながら
この加圧治具に音波振動を与えてシール材を加熱硬化さ
せるので、この音波振動が加圧治具を通して基板界面か
らシール材の中に伝播させる事により、従来の液晶ディ
スプレイの製造方法に比較してセルギャップの不均一性
に起因する表示むらを大幅に低減でき、製造歩留を向上
できる効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, the sealing material is heated and cured by applying sonic vibration to the pressing jig while pressing the two substrates with the pressing jig in the sealing material curing step. By propagating this sonic vibration from the substrate interface into the sealing material through the pressure jig, it is possible to significantly reduce the display unevenness due to the nonuniformity of the cell gap as compared with the conventional liquid crystal display manufacturing method. In addition, the manufacturing yield can be improved.
【図１】本発明の一実施例の形態のシール材硬化方法を
説明する加圧専用治具の側面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view of a pressurizing jig for explaining a sealing material curing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来のシール硬化方法の一例を説明する加圧専
用治具の側面図である。FIG. 2 is a side view of a pressurizing jig for explaining an example of a conventional seal curing method.
【図３】（ａ）〜（ｄ）はそれぞれ実施例１，２及び比
較例１，２の液晶表示パネルの表示状態を示す平面図で
ある。3A to 3D are plan views showing display states of liquid crystal display panels of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively.
【図４】図２の重ね合わせ繰り返し単位の断面図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the overlapping repeating unit of FIG.
１，８ 重ね合わせ繰り返し単位 ２，６ 加圧板 ３，５ クッション材 ４ 重ね基板 ７ 重ね基板重畳物 ９ 加圧専用治具 １０ 電磁式音響ブザー １１ 電源 １２ 表示画面 １３ むら 1,8 Stacking repeating unit 2,6 Pressure plate 3,5 Cushion material 4 Stacked board 7 Stacked board stack 9 Pressurized jig 10 Electromagnetic sound buzzer 11 Power supply 12 Display screen 13 Mura
Claims (3)
２枚の基板を透明電極と被配向処理面を内側にして対向
させ表示領域の外側に液晶剤注入孔を残してシールを形
成した後に重ね合わせる工程と、シール材の硬化を行っ
て前記２枚の基板を接合する工程と、前記シールで囲ま
れた領域に液晶剤を注入し前記液晶剤注入孔を封止する
工程とを有する液晶ディスプレイの製造方法において、
前記シール材の硬化を行って前記２枚の基板を接合する
工程が、前記シールを形成し重ね合わせた前記２枚の基
板を加圧治具で加圧しながらこの加圧治具に音波振動を
与えて加熱硬化させこの音波振動が前記加圧治具を通し
て前記基板界面から前記シール材の中に伝播させる工程
を含む事を特徴とする液晶ディスプレイの製造方法。1. A seal is formed by leaving two liquid crystal agent injection holes on the outside of a display area by facing two substrates, on which transparent electrodes are formed and which has been subjected to an alignment treatment, with the surfaces to be aligned to be the inside. The method further includes a step of superimposing later, a step of curing the sealing material to bond the two substrates, and a step of injecting a liquid crystal agent into a region surrounded by the seal and sealing the liquid crystal agent injection hole. In the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display,
The step of curing the sealing material and joining the two substrates is performed by applying a sonic vibration to the pressure jig while applying pressure to the two substrates on which the seal is formed and superposed. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display, which comprises the step of applying heat curing and propagating the sound wave vibration from the substrate interface into the sealing material through the pressure jig.
照射される事を特徴とする請求項１記載の液晶ディスプ
レイの製造方法。2. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the sound wave vibration is applied by an electromagnetic sound buzzer.
０Ｈｚ以下で、パワー密度が１ｃｍ2 当たり１０-8Ｗ以
上１Ｗ以下である事を特徴とする請求項１記載の液晶表
示装置の製造方法。3. The sonic frequency is 500 Hz or more and 500
The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the power density is 0 -8 W or more and 1 W or less per cm 2 at 0 Hz or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18135895A JPH0933931A (en) | 1995-07-18 | 1995-07-18 | Manufacture of liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18135895A JPH0933931A (en) | 1995-07-18 | 1995-07-18 | Manufacture of liquid crystal display |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0933931A true JPH0933931A (en) | 1997-02-07 |
Family
ID=16099331
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18135895A Pending JPH0933931A (en) | 1995-07-18 | 1995-07-18 | Manufacture of liquid crystal display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0933931A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7006193B2 (en) | 1999-05-10 | 2006-02-28 | Au Optronics Corporation | Method of sealing two substrates with a non-epoxy or epoxy-acrylate sealant using laser radiation |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58173715A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1983-10-12 | Fujitsu Ltd | Production of liquid crystal display panel |
| JPH05285910A (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-11-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for molding ceramics |
-
1995
- 1995-07-18 JP JP18135895A patent/JPH0933931A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58173715A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1983-10-12 | Fujitsu Ltd | Production of liquid crystal display panel |
| JPH05285910A (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-11-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for molding ceramics |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7006193B2 (en) | 1999-05-10 | 2006-02-28 | Au Optronics Corporation | Method of sealing two substrates with a non-epoxy or epoxy-acrylate sealant using laser radiation |
| US7274426B2 (en) | 1999-05-10 | 2007-09-25 | Au Optronics Corporation | Method of sealing two substrates with a non-epoxy or epoxy-acrylate sealant using laser radiation |
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| A02 | Decision of refusal |
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