JPH0942623A - Combustion control device for furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion control device for a furnace that can actively control combustion in an almost ideal state from ignition to extinction. [Configuration] An ideal data storage unit 4 for holding time series data of ideal combustion temperatures from ignition to extinguishing, and a burner 3 from ignition to extinguishing to burn along the time series data of the combustion temperature. The sequence control means 5 that controls the thermal power is appropriately compared with the current combustion temperature and the time series data of the ideal combustion temperature. When the current combustion temperature is higher, the displacement is increased, and when the current combustion temperature is lower, An exhaust amount control means 6 for controlling the exhaust amount, and an increase amount of the combustion temperature per unit time are periodically acquired, and when the increase amount exceeds a predetermined value, the sequence control means 5 performs the processing. A combustion control device for a furnace, which is equipped with a thermal power correction means 7 for reducing the thermal power of the burner 3 regardless.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a furnace that can be controlled to achieve an ideal combustion state by preventing smoke emission due to incomplete combustion, failure due to abnormal heating and deterioration of fuel consumption, mainly in a cremation furnace. The present invention relates to a combustion control device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The main object of combustion in a cremation is a body, but there are burial items and a casket around it. That is, it can be said that the material to be burned by the cremation furnace is the same as an object having a multi-layer structure made of different materials. For example, many of today's burial items are made of synthetic resins such as clothes, and when they burn, they become extremely hot. In addition, in the corpse, the amount of nitrogen oxides emitted is extremely large in the early stages of cremation, and the nitrogen oxides from the burning of burial products are also added, and even if the re-combustion chamber is provided, it cannot be completely processed and is exhausted outside the furnace as exhaust gas. . For the above reasons, at the initial stage of cremation, it is necessary to reduce the heating power of the main burner installed in the main combustion chamber to prevent abnormal heating in the furnace, and to suppress the nitrogen oxides generated to a level that can be processed in the reburning chamber. was there. On the other hand, in the middle to late cremation, the burial items are burned down and the nitrogen oxides generated from the body are reduced, so there is no fear of abnormal heating and the nitrogen oxides can be sufficiently treated in the reburn chamber. In that case, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the main burner by increasing the heat power, and it was necessary to do so in order to shorten the cremation time and improve fuel efficiency.
Conventionally, in general, a worker adjusts the thermal power of the main burner and the like while visually observing the combustion thermometer and the inside of the furnace according to the burning conditions of the casket, the burial item, and the body.

However, there is a problem that the above-mentioned work is extremely complicated and labor costs are increased. Although there have been devices that automatically monitor the combustion temperature from the past, they stop at maintaining a constant set temperature in the furnace, and for example, the amount of combustion gas consumed and nitrogen oxides are extended from ignition to extinction. There is no combustion control device that can positively control the combustion state to be close to the ideal state in consideration of the emission amount of.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion control device for a furnace capable of actively controlling combustion in an almost ideal state from ignition to extinction. .

[0005]

A combustion control device for a furnace according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, uses a burner thermal power and the inside of the furnace based on an output signal of a combustion temperature detecting means provided in the combustion furnace. In the control device for controlling the exhaust amount of, the ideal data storage unit for holding the time series data of the ideal combustion temperature from ignition to extinguishing, and the ignition to burn along the time series data of the combustion temperature. The sequence control means that controls the burner thermal power setting to extinguish the fire is appropriately compared with the time series data of the current combustion temperature and the ideal combustion temperature.If the current combustion temperature is higher, the displacement is increased to increase the current combustion temperature. Is low, the exhaust amount control means for controlling the exhaust amount and the sequence control means when the increase amount of the combustion temperature per unit time is periodically acquired and the increase amount exceeds a predetermined value Characterized by comprising a thermal modification means for reducing the heating power of the burner regardless processing.

[0006]

With the ideal data storage unit, the sequence control unit, the exhaust amount control unit, and the thermal power correction unit are linked to prevent smoke emission due to incomplete combustion, failure due to abnormal heating, and deterioration of fuel consumption. .

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of a furnace combustion control device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. This example relates to a cremation furnace.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, this cremation furnace is provided with a main combustion chamber 8 at the bottom and a recombustion chamber 9 at the top, and is placed in front of the main combustion chamber 8 in the main combustion chamber 8. A door 11 for loading and unloading the carriage 10 is provided, and the main burner 1 is provided on the rear wall of the main combustion chamber 8.
2 is supported, and an auxiliary burner 13 is provided on the rear wall of the reburning chamber 9. At the front or rear of the main combustion chamber 8, a guide path 14 for flowing the generated smoke to the rear of the re-combustion chamber 9 is formed,
The exhaust passage 15 is connected to the chimney from the front of the reburn chamber 9. A temperature sensor, which is combustion temperature detecting means 2, is fixed to the main combustion chamber 8 of the guide path 14,
Inside the exhaust passage 15 or the connecting portion between the re-combustion chamber 9 and the exhaust passage 15, a damper 16 is provided for adjusting the exhaust condition.
Is provided. The exhaust passage 15 is provided with a blower for drawing the air in the furnace, and the pressure in the furnace is adjusted by adjusting the opening of a damper 16 driven by a pressure adjusting motor with a constant suction force. ing.

In the furnace combustion control system according to the present invention, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged at the sampling port 17 of the main combustion chamber 8, and the thermal power of the main burner 12 and the opening degree of the damper 16 are determined based on the outputs of both sensors. In order to control, the ideal data storage unit 4, the sequence control unit 5, and the exhaust amount control unit 6
And the thermal power correction means 7 is realized by a so-called computer system using a CPU, a memory, an input / output port and an interface. In the present embodiment, for convenience of control, the thermal power of the main burner 12 is regarded as the inflow amount of the combustion gas, 50 m ³ / h, 30 m ³ / h, 20 m ³ / h, 10 m ^3.
m ³ / h, 5 m ³ / h in 5 stages, the opening of the damper 16 is regarded as the furnace pressure to be -5.0 mmH ² O, -2.5.
mmH ² O, was the three stages of -2.0mmH ² O. The adjustment of the opening degree of the valve that changes the inflow amount of the combustion gas is performed by controlling the rotation of the diversion motor that drives the valve.

The ideal data storage unit 4 is a storage area for holding time-series data of ideal combustion temperatures from ignition to extinction. A time chart of the combustion temperature showing the essential part of the ideal combustion state is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, at the start of combustion T1
Until the temperature becomes almost the maximum temperature, the ideal combustion temperatures of T3, T4, T6, and T7 were extracted from the time chart and registered in the ideal data storage unit 4 in order to monitor the combustion temperature at every predetermined time.

The sequence control means 5 sets the basic thermal power of the main burner 12 from ignition to extinction so that combustion can be performed along the time series data of the combustion temperature (that is, the opening degree of the valve by the drive control of the diversion motor). Setting).

FIG. 5 shows the main burner 1 during the cremation time.
It is an example of the time chart of the thermal power of 2. After the preheating period of the re-combustion chamber 9 from the start of the cremation furnace to the combustion start T1, the main burner 12 of the main combustion chamber 8 is ignited, and at the same time, the combustion control of the main combustion chamber 8 is started. Main burner 12 is T1
Over the T5 from being operated at a relatively weak firepower 5 to 10 m ³ / h, the time from T5 to T7 is operated at a so-called medium heat of 20 m ³ / h. As described above, the reason why the heating power of the main burner 12 is set to be relatively weak at the initial stage of cremation is to prevent the discharge of nitrogen oxides and prevent abnormal heating in the furnace. Then, after T7, the main burner is burned with the strongest heat power of 50 m ³ / h. According to the empirical rule for the cremation furnace, at this stage, most of the parts that burn at high temperature and the parts that generate a lot of nitrogen oxides are burned down, and after that, if a uniform amount of heat is given and combustion is continued, there is no problem. The appropriate preheating time, low heat time, and medium heat time for the cremation furnace used in this example were each about 5 minutes.

The exhaust amount control means 6 acquires the output from the temperature sensor at T3, T4, T6, and T7 in which the combustion temperature is registered in the ideal data storage unit 4, and compares it with the data in the ideal data storage unit 4 each time. When the current combustion temperature is higher, the opening degree of the damper 16 is increased, and when the current combustion temperature is lower, the control signal is output to the pressure adjusting motor so as to decrease the opening degree of the damper 16. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of this processing based on the time chart of FIG.

Even if the sequence control is performed by the empirical rule as described above, the thermal power correction means 7 often causes the temperature inside the furnace to suddenly rise occasionally because the burning state of the burial goods and the corpse is not uniform. Considering that combustion at abnormally high temperatures not only promotes the emission of nitrogen oxides and deteriorates fuel efficiency, but also has the adverse effect of shortening the useful life of the furnace, the amount of increase in combustion temperature per unit time is cycled. When the amount of increase in the main burner 12 exceeds the predetermined value, the heating power of the main burner 12 is lowered regardless of the processing of the sequence control means 5.

In this embodiment, the temperature change in the furnace for 10 seconds is sampled every 30 seconds during combustion, and when the temperature in the furnace rises by 20 degrees or more during the sampling (10 seconds), the heating power of the main burner 12 is reduced to low. (For example, 10 m ³ / h) is lowered, and when the temperature rise for 10 seconds becomes less than 20 degrees during the subsequent sampling, the control of returning the heating power of the main burner 12 to the heating power based on the sequence control is performed.

The present embodiment is constructed as described above, and it is extremely rare that the cremation time is greatly different from the average (around 30 minutes) depending on the size of the burned material or the size of the burned material. Therefore, a high practical effect was obtained even by a relatively rough control such as setting an ideal curve for an average burned material and controlling the damper 16 only at T3, T4, T6, and T7. In this way, by combining the control based on the temperature rise per unit time during combustion and the control based on the combustion temperature at a specific point in time, it is possible to achieve near-ideal combustion for a variety of applications, but only for cremation furnaces. When applying to a wider range of applications or when performing more precise control, it is of course necessary to set the optimum ideal data for each individual, as well as the timing for comparing with the ideal data and the timing for detecting the amount of temperature rise per unit time. It is desirable that the most suitable one be used. At that time, for example, the data may be compared with the ideal data at regular intervals as in the present embodiment, or unnecessary comparison steps may be omitted and only the essential points may be extracted. In addition, the opening degree of the damper 16 and the number of stages of the thermal power of the main burner 12 which can be the purpose of control may be appropriately changed to adjust the adjustment amount for each stage.

[0017]

As described above, by using the combustion control device for a furnace according to the present invention, the operation suitable for the structure and capacity of the furnace can be performed, and the operation for suppressing the nitrogen oxide emission amount of the furnace is also possible. Further, not only the running cost can be saved by reducing the fuel consumption amount and the labor cost, but also the service life of the refractory material constituting the furnace is improved and a remarkable practical effect is achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a combustion control device for a furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a cremation furnace provided with a furnace combustion control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cremation furnace provided with a furnace combustion control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a combustion temperature time chart showing an ideal combustion state of the cremation furnace.

FIG. 5 is a time chart showing an example of set firepower of the main burner during cremation.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart relating to damper opening control for controlling the temperature in the furnace based on the time chart of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart following FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion furnace 2 Combustion temperature detection means 3 Burner 4 Ideal data storage section 5 Sequence control means 6 Displacement control means 7 Thermal power correction means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A controller for controlling the thermal power of a burner (3) and the amount of exhaust gas from the inside of the furnace based on the output signal of a combustion temperature detecting means (2) provided in the combustion furnace (1), from ignition to extinguishing. It manages the ideal data storage unit (4) for holding time series data of ideal combustion temperature and the setting of the burner (3) from ignition to extinction so as to burn along the time series data of the combustion temperature. Sequence control means (5)
To compare the current combustion temperature with the ideal combustion temperature time-series data, increase the displacement when the current combustion temperature is higher, and decrease the displacement when the current combustion temperature is lower. And the burner (6) regardless of the processing of the sequence control means (5) when the increase amount of the combustion temperature per unit time is periodically acquired and the increase amount exceeds a predetermined value. Firepower correction means (7) to reduce the firepower of 3)
A combustion control device for a furnace, comprising: