JPH0943155A - Paddy / Brown rice discrimination device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Structure] A grain / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 for irradiating grains with near-infrared light including a wavelength range absorbed by water to discriminate between paddy / brown rice. An apparatus for detecting grains under selection, wherein rice / brown rice is discriminated according to the magnitude of the conversion voltage of the photovoltaic element portion of the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 1, and the paddy / brown rice discrimination means A paddy / brown rice discriminating device that discriminates paddy / brown rice by excluding the detection voltage value detected a predetermined number of times or more within a predetermined time during the discrimination of brown rice. [Effect] The grain layer thickness becomes thin and a part of the plate surface is exposed during the detection of discrimination between the grain of the grain being sorted on the swing sorting plate 2 and the grain value is higher than the paddy detection voltage value. Even when it is detected, it can be excluded to distinguish paddy / brown rice, and the accuracy of paddy detection can be improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a paddy / brown rice discriminating apparatus using near infrared light.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The applicant of the present invention has proposed a light source section for irradiating near infrared light including a wavelength range absorbed by water, and a wavelength range absorbed by water from the reflected light applied to the grain of the near infrared light. Only the optical filter part that passes through, the infrared detection element part that converts into a large or small voltage according to the amount of the wavelength range that has passed through the optical filter part, and the size of the converted voltage of the infrared detection element part determines the paddy / brown rice Patent application for a paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor composed of a paddy / brown rice discrimination unit (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-2
22859).

[0003]

In the above-mentioned invention, in the near-infrared light, the wavelength range absorbed by moisture is utilized to detect the moisture difference on the grain surface to discriminate between paddy and brown rice. However, there is an advantage that an erroneous detection based on the color of the grain surface can be prevented and can be accurately discriminated. The present invention is intended to further improve the rice grain / brown rice by using the grain / brown rice discrimination sensor to accurately detect the grain / brown rice during sorting on the rocking sorting plate.

[0004]

The present invention takes the following technical means in order to improve the invention of the prior application. That is, the present invention is a light source unit that irradiates near-infrared light that includes a wavelength range that is absorbed by moisture, and passes only the wavelength range that is absorbed by moisture from the reflected light that is irradiated on the grain of the near-infrared light. The paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 and the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 which are composed of an optical filter section and an infrared detection element section which converts the voltage into a large voltage and a small voltage according to the amount of the wavelength band passing through the optical filter section. A pad for discriminating paddy / brown rice according to the sensor support means for supporting the grain being sorted on the swing sorting plate 2 so that it can be detected, and the magnitude of the converted voltage of the infrared detecting element of the paddy / brown rice discriminating sensor 1.・ Rice detection for discriminating paddy / brown rice by excluding a detection voltage value equal to or greater than a predetermined number of paddy detection voltage values within a predetermined time during the discrimination between the paddy rice / brown rice and the paddy / brown rice in the paddy / brown rice discrimination means Paddy consisting of voltage value excluding means It is obtained by the configuration of the brown rice discriminating device.

[0005]

The near-infrared light including the wavelength range absorbed by water is irradiated from the light source unit to the grain on the swing sorting plate 2 which is being sorted. Then, the reflected light is sent to the optical filter section, only the wavelength range of the near-infrared light absorbed by water passes through the optical filter section, and is sent to the infrared detecting element section.
According to the amount of near-infrared light in the wavelength range, the infrared detection element unit converts the voltage value into large and small values. Then, according to the magnitude of this voltage value, the distinction between rice and brown rice is discriminated by a predetermined discrimination threshold.

A rocking / sorting plate 2 using the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1
While discriminating between unhulled rice and brown rice during the above selection, the detection voltage value above the unhulled detection voltage value of a predetermined number of times within a predetermined time is excluded,
Discrimination between paddy and brown rice is made.

[0007]

EXAMPLE First, the example shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
The present invention relates to a paddy / brown rice discrimination device that discriminates between paddy / brown rice from mixed rice of paddy / brown rice based on the difference in water content on the surface. The paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is a light source unit that irradiates near-infrared light including a wavelength range that is absorbed by water, and the near-infrared light is irradiated from this light source unit to a single grain or a group of grains. The reflected light from the particles is received by the optical filter section,
Only the wavelength range absorbed by the water is sent to the infrared detection element section through the optical filter section, and is converted into a large or small voltage by the infrared detection element section depending on the amount of near infrared light in the wavelength range. . Then, the large and small voltage values converted by the infrared ray detecting element section of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 are sent to the discriminating section of the control unit 10 with a built-in CPU and discriminate between the paddy / brown rice with a predetermined discriminating threshold value. Then, when the number of grains reaches a predetermined number, the mixing ratio of paddy and brown rice is calculated.

In this embodiment, a tungsten lamp is used for the light source section, an interference filter having a transmission wavelength of 1450 nanometers (nm) is used for the optical filter section, and InGaAs is used for the infrared detecting element section. -A PIN photo diode (manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics KK) is used. The wavelength range is not limited to the above. Considering the difference in water content between the surface of the paddy rice (mixed rice of paddy and brown rice) hulled with a paddy roll (not shown), the rice husk on the surface of the paddy contains silicon and contains no water. Moreover, the surface of the unpolished brown rice that has been peeled off from the chaff contains a large amount of water as compared with the chaff. When the brown rice and the paddy are irradiated with near-infrared light including the wavelength range of 1450 nm from the light source unit, in the wavelength range of which the wavelength of 1450 nm is absorbed by the moisture, the amount of reflected light is largely absorbed by the moisture on the surface of the brown rice. In the case of the paddy M, less moisture is absorbed by less moisture on the surface and the amount of reflected light is increased. Depending on the amount of such reflected light, the paddy rice is converted to a high voltage value, the brown rice is converted to a low voltage value, and the brown rice is converted to a lower voltage value in the subsequent infrared detection element section. By setting the intermediate value between and as the threshold value for paddy and brown rice, it is possible to distinguish paddy and brown rice.

As described above, the difference in water content on the surface of the grain is used to discriminate between paddy rice and brown rice. The optical sensor that discriminates brown rice has problems such as an error in discriminating green rice / colored rice from paddy and difficulty in discriminating paddy / brown rice from glutinous rice. However, such a problem can be solved. Therefore, it is possible to accurately identify paddy and brown rice.

Near-infrared light including a wavelength range absorbed by water is irradiated from a light source unit to a group of grains being sorted which are distributed on the plate surface of the rocking sorting plate 2, and reflected light is reflected by an optical filter unit. The light is received by the infrared detection element section via and is converted into a voltage value. From the moisture detected on the entire surface of the grain group contained in the irradiated surface,
It is intended to calculate the brown rice ratio. Reference numeral 2 is a rocking / sorting plate of the rocking / sorting device. The rocking / sorting plate 2 is inclined so that the supply side 2a on one side in the vertical direction is high and the discharge side 2b on the other side is low, and High side swing side 2c on one side in the horizontal direction
The other side is the lower rocking side 2d, and the mixed rice is supplied from the mixed rice hopper 3a located on the supply side 2a and the upper side 2c in the vertical direction. The mixed rice fed to the rocking sorting plate 2 undergoes horizontal reciprocal rocking up and down and is sorted, and brown rice is unevenly distributed on the rocking side 2c and paddy is unevenly distributed on the rocking side 2d. In the middle of these, mixed rice is distributed with a non-uniform distribution.

A paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is arranged above the discharge side 2b of the rocking / sorting plate 2, and the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is swung upward 2c by a sensor moving means 3 composed of a screw rod.
It is supported so as to be able to reciprocate laterally on the rocking side 2d. Reference numeral 4 is a sensor adjustment motor that moves the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 back and forth. A brown rice partition plate 5 and a paddy partition plate 6 for partitioning the selected grains are arranged so as to face the discharge side 2d of the swing sorting plate 2. The brown rice partition plate 5 is reciprocally supported by a partition plate moving means 7 composed of a screw rod, and is reciprocally moved in the left-right direction by rotating the partition plate adjusting motor 8 in the forward and reverse directions.

Reference numeral 10 is a sensor position sensor for detecting the moving position from the rotation state of the sensor moving means 3 of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1, and 11 is a partition plate position sensor for partitioning the brown rice partition plate 5. The moving position is detected from the rotating state of the plate moving means 7, and 13 is a high moisture abnormality notifying means. Then, for the grain being sorted by the swing sorting plate 2,
Near-infrared light including a wavelength range absorbed by water is emitted from the light source unit of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1. Then, the reflected light is sent to the optical filter unit, only the wavelength range of the near-infrared light that is absorbed by moisture passes through the optical filter unit, and is sent to the infrared detection element unit, Depending on the amount of near-infrared light, it is converted into a large and small voltage value by the infrared detection element section. Next, according to the magnitude of this voltage value, the distinction between rice and brown rice is determined by a predetermined determination threshold value. In addition,
The paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 detects the paddle / brown rice by reciprocal rotation by the forward / reverse rotation of the sensor adjustment motor 4 or while being controlled to move so as to detect the boundary area of the paddy / brown rice.

The paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is reciprocated between the rocking side 2c and the rocking side 2d of the rocking sorting plate 1 to calculate the average value of the detected voltage value at a predetermined distance or every predetermined time. By doing so, the water content is estimated. However, when the water content is high, the control unit 10 may display a high water content on the abnormality notifying means (not shown), and the rocking of the rocking sorting plate 1 may be stopped.

When the mixed rice to be selected decreases and the layer thickness becomes thin during discrimination of the paddy / brown rice on the rocking / sorting plate 2 by the paddy / brown rice discriminating sensor 1, the aluminum of the swing / sorting plate 2 is reduced. Alternatively, the plate surface of the iron plate may be exposed. In this way, when the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 has a detecting action with a part of the plate surface exposed, a voltage value higher than the paddy voltage is detected by the exposed plate surface, and it is erroneously recognized as paddy detection.
Then, the detection voltage value equal to or higher than the paddy detection voltage value a predetermined number of times is excluded within the predetermined time, and the paddy / brown rice is discriminated based on the detection value equal to or larger than the remaining paddy voltage value. Therefore, even when the grain layer thickness becomes thin and a part of the plate surface of the rocking / sorting plate 2 is exposed, the accuracy of paddy / brown rice detection can be improved.

The diameter of the measurement area of the light source portion of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is 15 mm, the rocking rotation speed of the rocking / sorting plate 2 is 305 rpm, and the moving speed of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is 10 cm (sec). In some cases, the moving speed of the grain is 2
When the plate surface is exposed by about 5 mm square, the detection time of the plate surface becomes 50 msec. Under such a condition, if erroneous detection check is performed every 50 msec, good erroneous detection can be prevented and rice and brown rice can be accurately identified.

Further, the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is reciprocated between the rocking side 2c and the rocking side 2d of the rocking sorting plate 1 to detect the detected voltage value at every predetermined distance or every predetermined time. The water content can be roughly estimated by calculating the average value. When the water content is high, the control unit 1
A high moisture content may be displayed on the high moisture abnormality notification means 13 from 0, or the swing of the swing selection plate 2 may be stopped.

Next, the arrangement of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 with respect to the swing selection plate 2 will be described. When the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is provided so as to be reciprocally movable in the lateral direction above the discharge side 1b of the rocking / sorting plate 2, 40 to 40 mm from the end edge of the discharge side 1b.
It is provided at a position of 50 mm. Then, since the flow of the paddy to the discharge side is slow in this portion, the rate of missing the paddy is reduced and the detection accuracy is improved.

This is based on the finding that when the flow state of the paddy to the discharge side 1b during the selection of the mixed rice is detected, the above-mentioned portion becomes the slowest. In the portion from the vicinity of the edge of the discharge side 1b of the rocking sorting plate 2 to about 40 mm on the upper side to the supply side 1a, the flow velocity of the paddy to the discharge side is 41 mm / sec.
Further, a measurement result of 20 mm / sec was obtained at a portion on the better side of about 10 mm from this portion, and a measurement result of 32 mm / sec was obtained at a portion on the further better side from this portion.

In the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 for detecting mixed rice during the sorting of the rocking / sorting plate 2, the detection area of the light emitting portion of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is the state in which the paddy is placed on the plate surface. Of about 40%. Then, the paddy can be detected while reducing the influence of the germ in the brown rice. This is because when the appearance of one grain of paddy exposed on the surface of the grain layer was traced every 100 msec during the sorting with the swing sorting plate 2, the swing rotation speed, the inclination angle of the plate surface, etc. It was found that the exposure ratio between the long diameter part and the short diameter part of the paddy is almost constant regardless of the working conditions. Therefore, from the distribution of the exposed area of the paddy shown in FIG. By making a determination, it is possible to detect paddy with a probability of about 84% or more, and moreover, by setting about 40% of the paddy area as the irradiation area of the light source, there is no influence of the germ. (The germ part of brown rice has a low water content and may be erroneously detected as paddy.) Therefore, the paddy can be detected accurately.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be described. When detecting grains on the plate surface of the rocking sorting plate 2 by the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 as in the above-described embodiment, the measurement diameter of the light emitted from the light source unit of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is The width of the paddy is about 2 mm. Therefore, when calculating the threshold value for discriminating between unhulled rice and brown rice, a predetermined value whose differential coefficient of the detected voltage value is equal to or lower than a reference value (which can be changed and corrected) preset with the brown rice detected voltage value as a reference. The average value is calculated from the numbers, and the value obtained by adding a preset addition value to this average value is used as the discrimination reference value for paddy and brown rice. Therefore, a voltage value that is equal to or higher than the determination reference value is determined to be paddy, and a voltage value that is lower than this is determined to be brown rice.

As described above, since the discrimination reference value is set on the basis of the detected voltage value of brown rice, the variation of the detection value of brown rice is small depending on the detection posture (vertical direction or horizontal direction), and the discrimination reference value The calculation is accurate, and the accuracy of distinguishing paddy and brown rice is improved. In the case of paddy, the detection value fluctuates due to the detection posture, that is, the detection of the sideways state, or the adjacent brown rice is also detected by the detection along the longitudinal direction. The harmful effect of becoming can be removed. In addition, the detection voltage value of the germ part of brown rice is higher than that of other parts due to the low water content, and the detection voltage value is low due to the high water content of other parts of brown rice. By setting the differential coefficient as a reference in consideration of, it is possible to reduce the influence of the germ part of brown rice, and it is possible to accurately discriminate between unhulled rice and brown rice.

Incidentally, FIG. 2 (1) shows a plate surface photograph of a mixed rice distribution state and a graph of the detected voltage value when the detection spot diameter of the light source part of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is 1.98 mm. Yes, G indicates the detection value of the portion other than the germ of brown rice, GH indicates the detection value of the germ portion of brown rice, and M indicates the detection value of paddy. In this case, these detection differences are detected extremely clearly.

Further, FIG. 2 (2) shows a plate surface photograph of the mixed rice distribution state and a graph of the detected voltage value when the detection spot diameter of the light source portion of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is 3.95 mm. Yes, G indicates the detection value of the portion other than the germ of brown rice, GH indicates the detection value of the germ portion of brown rice, and M indicates the detection value of paddy. In this case, these detection differences result in a gentle curve change and cannot be clearly detected.

FIG. 2C shows a photograph of the plate surface of the mixed rice distribution state and a graph of the detected voltage value when the detection spot diameter of the light source portion of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 is 5.93 mm. Yes, G indicates the detection value of the portion other than the germ of brown rice, GH indicates the detection value of the germ portion of brown rice, and M indicates the detection value of paddy. In this case, these detection differences result in a more gentle curve change, and it becomes a state in which they cannot be detected.

Further, FIG. 2 (4) shows the detection voltage value in the detection state of the detection spot diameter 1.98 mm of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1, and G shows the detection value of the portion other than the germ of brown rice. GH indicates the detection value of the germ part of brown rice, and M indicates the detection value of paddy.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, even when a detection voltage value equal to or higher than the paddy detection voltage value of a predetermined number of times is detected within a predetermined time in distinguishing paddy / brown rice, it is excluded. Other than the paddy detection voltage value other than the above, it is discriminated as the paddy detection only based on the detection voltage value. Therefore, the grain layer thickness is detected during the discrimination detection of the paddy grain / brown rice of the grain on the rocking sorting plate 2. When the voltage becomes thin and a part of the plate surface is exposed and a voltage value higher than the paddy detection voltage value is detected, this can be excluded to distinguish paddy / brown rice and improve the accuracy of paddy detection. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view and a block diagram.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a swing selection plate showing a detection state and a graph showing a detected voltage value.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a distribution probability of exposed area of paddy during a sorting operation using a swing sorting plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Paddy / Brown Rice Discrimination Sensor 2 Swing Selection Plate 3 Sensor Moving Means 4 Sensor Adjustment Motor 5 Brown Rice Partition Plate 6 Paddy Partition Plate 7 Partition Plate Moving Means 8 Partition Plate Adjusting Motor 10 Control Unit

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light source unit for irradiating near-infrared light including a wavelength range absorbed by water, and only a wavelength range absorbed by water from the reflected light applied to the grain of the near-infrared light is passed. A paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 including an optical filter section and an infrared detection element section that converts the voltage into a large voltage or a small voltage according to the amount of the wavelength band that has passed through the optical filter section.
A sensor support means for supporting the grain being sorted on the rocking sorting plate 2 by the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1 and the converted voltage of the infrared detecting element of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 1. A paddy / brown rice discriminating means for discriminating paddy / brown rice according to size, and a detection voltage value equal to or more than a given number of paddy detection voltage values within a predetermined time during the discrimination of paddy / brown rice in the paddy / brown rice discrimination means A paddy / brown rice discriminating device comprising paddy detection voltage value excluding means for discriminating paddy / brown rice.