JPH094360A - Large diameter excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To reduce excessive torque output from a prime mover, and to perform preceding excavation by the lower end of the casing and excavation of the casing outer periphery by a cutter at appropriate rotational speeds. [Structure] A tubular upper casing, an intermediate casing, and a lower casing, each of which has a short opening at both ends, are sequentially rotatably connected on an axis line, and a driving means for rotating the intermediate casing and a drive for rotating the lower casing. The upper casing has, on its outer periphery, expandable / contractible steadying means for holding the upper casing in the excavation hole, and pushing means for pushing the upper casing downward. ,
The intermediate casing has a plurality of cutter blocks mounted on its outer peripheral surface in a freely expandable / reducible manner and has a rotation driving means built in each cutter block. The lower casing has a large number of bits projecting from the lower end of its opening. With
A large-diameter excavator that has an opening for excavating earth and sand in the surrounding wall.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention inserts a short casing into an excavation hole, carries out preceding excavation at the lower end of the casing, excavates the outer periphery of the casing with an excavation cutter provided at the outer periphery of the casing, and leaves the ground remaining inside the casing. Relates to a large-diameter excavator of a type that is scraped and discharged by a hammer mug or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an example of a large-diameter excavator, a long rotary casing is supported by a casing rotary pushing device installed on the ground, and the hollow casing has a sand intake port on the peripheral surface near the lower end thereof. A large number of bits are protrudingly provided at the lower end, and a plurality of wing-shaped cutters that radially project on the outer peripheral surface slightly above the earth and sand intake port of the casing, and are supported in an expandable and contractable manner outside the wing-shaped cutter in an annular arrangement. A structure equipped with a large number of annular cutters is known.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, since all of the preceding excavation by the bit at the lower end of the casing and the peripheral excavation by the blade cutter etc. are performed only by rotating the casing, an excessive torque is applied to the prime mover. In addition, it is not possible to meet the technical requirements that the lower end of the casing for pre-drilling should rotate at a relatively high speed, and the wing-shaped cutter for outer-diameter excavation should rotate at a low speed. There is a drawback that the work of scraping and removing the unexcavated ground having the same diameter as the inner diameter of the casing remaining inside by scraping with an earth removing bucket, a hammer mug, or the like reduces the efficiency of excavation work.

According to the first invention of the present application, in a large-diameter excavator of a type in which a short casing is inserted into an excavation hole, it is possible to reduce excessive torque and perform preceding excavation and outer periphery excavation at appropriate rotational speeds. The challenge is to

In addition to the problems of the first invention, the second invention of the present application has an object of facilitating elimination of unexcavated ground remaining in the casing.

[0006]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the first invention of the present application is such that a cylindrical upper casing, an intermediate casing and a lower casing, each of which has a short opening at both ends, are sequentially rotatably connected in a straight line with their axes aligned. And a drive means for rotating the intermediate casing and a drive means for rotating the lower casing, respectively, wherein the upper casing has an expandable / contractible steady rest on the outer periphery thereof for holding the upper casing in the drill hole. Means and a pushing means for pushing the upper casing downward, and the intermediate casing has a plurality of cutter blocks mounted on its outer peripheral surface so that the cutter blocks can be expanded and contracted, and a rotation drive is provided in each cutter block. Built-in means,
The lower casing is a large-diameter excavator with a large number of bits projecting at the lower end of the opening and an opening for excavating earth and sand in the peripheral wall.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the cutter block can enter the lower casing through the excavated earth and sand intake opening when the cutter block is at its smallest diameter.
We propose a large-diameter excavator.

The above "cutter block" in the present invention
Is a drum or disk that is rotated about an axis passing through the center of opposing circular end surfaces, a spherical shape that is rotated about an axis passing through the center, and a spherical shape that is perpendicular to the axis. It includes a hemispherical shape cut by a surface and various other shapes.

The "rotation" by the driving means of the intermediate casing includes continuous rotation in a fixed direction and reciprocal rotation at fixed angles. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIG. 1, an excavator (1) has a cylindrical upper casing (2) with a short opening at both ends, a similar cylindrical intermediate casing (3) and a similar cylindrical lower casing (4) in each axis. Lines are sequentially rotatably connected in a straight line, of which upper and lower frame members (5) and (5) each having a square frame shape are vertically connected to the outer periphery of the upper casing (2) as shown in FIG. The support frame (7) connected by the members (6) ... And the lower frame material (5),
Engagement grooves (9), (9), (9), (9) fixed to (5)
Slidably engaged with each other, whereby the entire support frame (7) and the upper casing (2) are engaged with each other so as to be movable in the axial direction, and both frame members of this support frame (7) are engaged. At each of the four corners of (5) and (5), an extendable steadying rod (10) including a hydraulic cylinder and a ram is provided.
Are projected horizontally, and one end portions of the pushing hydraulic cylinders (11) and (11) are connected to the outer peripheral surface of the upper casing (2) in the generatrix direction, and
The tips of the rams (12), (12) are fixed to the lower frame member (5).

The rotary connection structure of the intermediate casing (3) and the lower end of the upper casing (2) is as follows. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, an annular gear housing (13) protruding outward is formed at the lower end of the upper casing (2), and a flange projectingly provided on the upper end of the lower casing (3) in the gear housing (13). The part (14) is inserted and rotatably supported via the bearings (15) and (15), the large gear (16) is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the flange part (14), and the gear housing (13) is provided. The hydraulic motor (17) is installed on the upper surface of one side, and the small gear (18) fixed to the output shaft of the motor (17) is meshed with the large gear (16).

On the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the intermediate casing (3) as described above, as shown in FIGS. Arm (20), (2
0), one end of each arm has an intermediate casing (3)
The arms (20), (20) are rotatably supported so as to be swingable from the diameter-reduced position in contact with the outer peripheral surface to the diameter-enlarged position on the outer side of the intermediate casing (3), and the cutter drum (21) is attached to the lower surface of each tip of the arms (20) and (20). (21) are attached respectively.

The cutter drums (21), (21)
As shown in FIG. 5, a short cylindrical housing (22) is fixed to the tip of the arm (20) with the axis centered at a right angle, and the housing (22) is drum-shaped with one end open. With the cutter bodies (23) having their axes aligned with each other, the open ends of the cutter bodies (23) and bearings (24), (2
4) is rotatably connected and the output shaft (26) of the hydraulic motor (25) installed in the housing (22) is fixed to the center of the inner bottom surface of the cutter body (23). . Denoted at (27) ... are bits provided on the outer peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the cutter body (23).

As driving means for swinging the cutter drums (21), (21) to the expanded and reduced positions, FIG.
As described above, brackets (28) and (28) are provided at the intermediate positions of the brackets (19) and (19) on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate casing (3), and the hydraulic cylinders (29) and (29) are attached to the brackets. ) Is swingably connected, and the rams (30), (30) of each cylinder are swingably connected near the bases of the arms (20), (20).

The rotational coupling structure of the lower casing (4) with the lower end of the intermediate casing (3) is substantially the same as the structure shown in FIG. 4, and the hydraulic cylinder (32) is a gear as a driving means. It is installed on the upper surface of one side of the housing (31) (see FIG. 3). A plurality of bits (33) are provided on the lower edge of the opening of the lower casing (4) as described above.
... are projected, and when the cutter drums (21), (21) swing to the most contracted diameter position on the casing peripheral wall, the cutter drums (21), (21) are placed inside the lower casing (4). The openings (34) and (34) for entering and excavating the cutter drum for entering and projecting are provided.

The operation of the excavator of the above example will be described together with a usage example. First, at the beginning of excavation, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), a preliminary hole (h) is dug in the ground with a hydraulic excavator or the like, and the steady rod (1) is attached to the mount (F) set at the edge of the hole.
0) ... is stretched to vertically support the excavator (1). Also,
After excavating the excavation hole (H) to some extent, the excavator (1) is suspended in the hole (H) by the wire (35) of the winch (W) as shown in FIG. 1, and the steady rod (10) ... It is stretched and supported on the wall of the hole.

In order to perform excavation from the state shown in FIG. 6B, first, the cutter drums 21, 21 are placed at a reduced diameter position close to the outer peripheral surface of the lower casing 4 as shown in FIG. In this state, the hydraulic motor (32) is driven to rotate the lower casing (4) at a relatively high speed, and the hydraulic motor (17) is driven to rotate the intermediate casing (3) reciprocally at 90 degrees at low speed. Each cutter drum (2
1) and 21 are rotated at relatively high speed by driving the hydraulic motors 25 and 25, and in that state, the pushing hydraulic cylinders 11 and 11 drive the casings 2 and When (3) and (4) are gradually pushed down, the lower casing (4) digs into the ground as shown in (c) of the figure, and the cutter drums (21) and (21) rotate and revolve around the lower part. The outer periphery of the casing (4) is annularly excavated with a width corresponding to the diameter of the cutter drum (21).

After excavating the cutter drum (21) by the height of the cutter drum (21), the cutter drums (21) and (21) are gradually rotated in the radial direction while being rotated and revolved. ), Further expand the above-mentioned annular excavation to the outside. Unexcavated ground remains in the lower casing (4).

Next, the intermediate casing (3) and the lower casing (4) are rotated in the same direction at the same speed, and the cutter drums (21), (2) as shown in FIG.
1) Rotate 1) while moving it in the direction of diameter reduction to open (3
4) Enter into the lower casing (4) from (34), and scrape the outer peripheral portion of the unexcavated ground in the lower casing. When the cutter drums (21) and (21) are moved to the most reduced diameter position, a rod-shaped ground (P) having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter is left in the lower casing (4) as shown in FIG.

Next, while continuously rotating the intermediate casing (3) and the lower casing (4) in the same manner, the cutter drums (21) and (21) which rotate on their own axes are repeatedly moved from the diameter expanding position to the diameter reducing position to form the excavation hole. The excavated soil at the bottom of (H) is taken into the lower casing (4) through the openings (34) and (34).

Next, the hammer mug (G) is hung by a crane and inserted into the lower casing (4) through the upper casing (2), the intermediate casing (3), and the excavated earth and sand inside and the bar-like ground (P) are scratched. Take and discharge to the outside of the casing. In this case, since the bar-shaped ground (P) stands up with a space from the inner peripheral surface of the lower casing (4), the bar-shaped ground (P) can be easily cut by the hammer mug.

The excavation method of the entire excavator (1) is as follows. In the pushed-in state of FIG. 7 (e), the steady rest rods (10) ... From that state, the support frame (7) is lowered by extension driving of the pushing hydraulic cylinders (11) and (11) in that state as shown in (g) of FIG. The steady rest rods (10) are extended and brought into pressure contact with the hole wall, and in that state, the same excavation as that shown in FIG. 6 (b) and below is performed, and the descending and excavation of the support frame (7) are repeated in this manner to obtain the desired Achieve digging.

As another example of use, the cross-sectional shape of the excavation hole (H) is not limited to a circle, but an ellipse or a quadrangle by appropriately expanding or reducing the diameter of the cutter drums (21), (21). Etc., and the diameter of the drill hole is not limited to the one having the same diameter over the entire length, and a drill hole having a large diameter expanded hole is appropriately drilled at a desired position in the longitudinal direction of the drill hole. You can also

As another excavator, a structure in which the intermediate casing (3) and the lower casing (4) in the above example are connected to an integral casing, and the other structure is substantially the same as that of FIGS. To be

[0025]

According to the large diameter excavator of the first invention of the present application,
Equipped with a dedicated drive means for independently rotating the intermediate casing and the lower casing, and the cutter block is also provided with a dedicated drive means, there is no need to output an excessive torque to each drive means, and moreover, for pre-drilling. The lower casing can be rotated at a relatively high speed, and the intermediate casing for outer circumference revolution drilling can be rotated at a low speed, which enables effective large-diameter drilling.

In addition to the effect of the above-mentioned first invention, the second invention of the present application makes the cutter block enter into the lower casing to excavate, whereby the unexcavated ground remaining in the lower casing is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the lower casing. It is possible to facilitate scraping and removal by hammer grab etc.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an excavator supported in an excavation hole.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a connecting portion between an upper casing and an intermediate casing.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a cutter drum.

FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the excavator is supported on a gantry. (B) It is an approximate line figure of the state where the excavator was supported in the excavation hole. (C) It is a schematic diagram of the preceding excavation by the lower casing of the first stage and the diameter reduction outer peripheral excavation process by the cutter drum. (D) It is a schematic diagram of a first-stage diameter-expanded outer periphery excavation process using a cutter drum.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the excavation process in the lower casing by the (e) cutter drum. (E ') It is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a lower casing having a bar-shaped ground. (F) It is a schematic diagram of a process of reducing the steady rest. (G) It is an approximate line figure of the process which lowered the support frame. (H) is a schematic diagram of a process of stretching a steady rod at a lowered position.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Excavator 2 Upper casing 3 Intermediate casing 4 Lower casing 10 Steady stop rod 11 Hydraulic cylinder for pushing 17 Hydraulic motor 20 Arm 21 Cutter drum 25 Hydraulic motor 32 Hydraulic motor 33 bit 34 Cutter drum entry and excavation of sand and sand

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Mamoru Hamano 1293 Amado-cho, Hanamigawa-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba Sanwa Machinery Co., Ltd.Chiba factory (72) Inventor Mitsutoshi Torikai 1293 Amado-cho, Hanamigawa-ku, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture Sanwa Equipment Chiba Factory

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A tubular upper casing, an intermediate casing, and a lower casing, each of which has a short opening at both ends, are sequentially rotatably connected on a straight line along an axis, and a driving means for rotating the intermediate casing and a lower casing are rotated. Each of the upper casings has, on its outer periphery, a stretchable steady rest means for holding the upper casing in the excavation hole and a pushing means for pushing the upper casing downward. Having the intermediate casing, on the outer peripheral surface thereof, a plurality of cutter blocks are mounted in a freely expandable / reducible manner, and a rotation driving means is built in each cutter block, and the lower casing has a large number of bits at its opening lower end. A large-diameter excavator with a projecting opening and an opening for excavating earth and sand in the peripheral wall. 2. The large-diameter excavator according to claim 1, wherein the cutter block is allowed to enter the lower casing through the excavation earth and sand intake opening when the diameter of the cutter block is reduced.