JPH09495A - Optometry device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The pupil width can be adjusted accurately and easily with a simple structure. A light flux from an interpupillary light source 20 passes through a lens 19 and is partially reflected by a dichroic mirror 15. The light is split by a light splitting member 10 and travels in the left and right eye optical paths, respectively. The eyes EL and ER are irradiated with substantially parallel light, and a light source image is generated in each eye EL and ER. This reflected light returns through the same optical path, passes through the dichroic mirror 15 and the lens 16, and is reflected by the television camera 17 as a light source image 20L ′,
Image as 20R '. The examiner moves the movable mirrors 1L and 1R while watching the image on the TV monitor 18, and the light source image 2
Adjust so that 0L 'and 20R' match in the lateral direction and adjust the interpupillary distance.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus used for eye refraction measurement and the like in hospital ophthalmology and spectacle stores.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(1) Conventionally, an optometry apparatus that images the anterior segment of an eye to be examined on an observation surface and observes the anterior segment image to perform eye refraction measurement and the like is disclosed in JP-A-61-255634 and JP-A-6-256634. It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 197868.

(2) Further, an optometry apparatus for measuring the eye refraction of the subject's eye by binocular vision is disclosed in JP-A-61-255634 and JP-A-3-15434.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(A) However, JP-A-61-2 of the above-mentioned conventional example (1) is used.
The apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 55634 does not allow magnified observation because a plurality of eyes to be inspected are projected on the observation surface, and the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
In the device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 197868, the image pickup means is
There is a drawback that the configuration becomes complicated because it requires several parts.

(B) Further, the prior art example (2) of JP-A-61-25
The device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5634 requires a plurality of diopter varying means, and the device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-15434 has to sequentially project each eye because the left and right eye optical paths are switched. However, there is a drawback that the visual target cannot be seen with both eyes at the same time.

A first object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem (a).
The object of the present invention is to provide an optometry apparatus capable of accurately adjusting the interpupillary distance with a simple configuration.

A second object of the present invention is to solve the above problem (b).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus capable of optometry by binocular vision with a simple configuration.

[0008]

An eye examination apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is to superimpose light beams from the right and left eyes of a subject on a viewing surface by superimposing the light beams from the left and right eyes on a light splitting member. A coupling optical system for coupling, a target optical system for projecting a target luminous flux through the left and right eye optical paths, a movable means for moving a part of the left and right eye optical paths in the eye width direction of the subject, and the left and right eye lights An illuminating means for illuminating the cornea of the eye to be examined from the road direction, and aligning the interpupillary distance by the movable means so that corneal reflected light from the left and right eyes by the illuminating means has a predetermined positional relationship on the observation surface. It is characterized by

In the eye examination apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the optical system for splitting the light flux from the visual target into the optical paths of the left and right eyes by the light splitting member and guiding it to the left and right eyes of the subject, and the light splitting member. Diopter variable means for changing the diopter of the optotype by moving a part of the optical member up to the optotype in the optical axis direction, and a light flux projected from the optotype to the right eye or the left eye of the subject. And a light beam selecting means for selectively blocking the light.

[0010]

In the optometry apparatus of the first invention having the above-mentioned structure, the target optical flux is projected from the target optical system onto the eye to be examined through the left and right eye optical paths, and the cornea of the subject's eye is illuminated by the illuminating means to produce the left and right eyes. The light flux reflected from the cornea of the eye is superposed by the light splitting member via the left and right eye optical paths and is combined with the observation surface, so that this corneal reflection has a predetermined positional relationship on the observation surface. Eye width adjustment is performed by moving the eye width direction.

In the optometry apparatus of the second invention, a part of the optical member provided between the light splitting member and the optotype is moved in the optical axis direction to change the diopter of the optotype, and the light flux from the optotype is converted into the optical beam. The splitting member splits the optical path into the left and right eyes, one of these light fluxes is selectively shielded by the light flux selecting means, and the other light flux is projected onto the corresponding one eye of the subject.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a plan view of an optical system of an automatic refractometer according to the first embodiment. This optical system is configured to slide forward, backward, leftward, and rightward on a fixed base to which a face fixing portion is attached by a driving means (not shown). ing. Left and right eyes EL, ER of subject S
A movable mirror 1 is placed on the optical axes O1L and O1R in front of
L and 1R are arranged, and in the vicinity of the movable mirrors 1L and 1R, an infrared LE that illuminates the left and right eyes EL and ER, respectively.
Light sources 2L and 2R for illuminating the anterior segment of D are provided, and dichroic mirrors 3L and 3R, lenses 4L and 4R, and a mirror 5L are provided on the optical axes O2L and 02R in the reflecting directions of the movable mirrors 1L and 1R, respectively. 5Rs are sequentially arranged.

A lens 6L and mirrors 7 and 8 are arranged on the optical axis O3L in the reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 3L.
The lens 6R and the mirror 9 are arranged on the optical axis O3R in the reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 3R, and the optical axis O4 in the reflection direction of the mirror 8 and the optical axis O5 in the reflection direction of the mirror 9 are light splitting members such as half mirrors. It is designed to intersect at 10. On the extension of the optical axis O4 of the light splitting member 10, a diopter variable lens 11 that moves in the direction of arrow A to change the diopter diopter,
A target 12 composed of a distance target and a near target, and this target 12
Illumination light sources 13 such as incandescent lamps for illuminating the above are sequentially arranged, and the visual target 12 is connected with a solenoid 14 for switching between the far visual target and the near visual target.

On the extension of the optical axis O5 of the light splitting member 10, the dichroic mirror 15, the lens 16 and the television camera 1 are provided.
7 are sequentially arranged, and the output of the television camera 17 is connected to the television monitor 18. Further, in the incident direction of the dichroic mirror 15, a lens 19 and an interpupillary light source 20 including an infrared LED having a wavelength different from those of the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 2L and 2R are arranged.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the optical system as seen from the side of the eye to be inspected. Mirrors 21L and 21R are arranged in the reflecting directions of the mirrors 5L and 5R, respectively.
The reflection direction of 1R is the optical axis O6, and a switching mirror 22 for switching the optical paths of the left and right eyes EL and ER is arranged in the approximate center of the optical axis O6. A solenoid 23 is connected to the switching mirror 22 and the switching mirror 22 is It is adapted to rotate about the rotation axis P.

FIG. 3 shows a side view of the optical system. On the optical axis O7 in the reflection direction of the switching mirror 22, a light splitting member 24 conjugate with the pupil and a photoelectric sensor 25 such as a CCD image pickup device are arranged. The output of the sensor 25 is connected to the computer 26. The computer 26 drives and controls each of the diopter variable lens 11 and the movable mirrors 1L and 1R by a step motor (not shown). A mirror portion 27 is formed on the front surface of the light splitting member 24, and a lens 28 and a refraction measuring light source 29 are arranged in the incident direction of the mirror portion 27.
Reference numeral 9 is an anterior ocular segment illumination light source 2L, 2R and an interpupillary light source 2
It is composed of an infrared LED that emits a light beam having a wavelength different from zero.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the light splitting member 24, and FIG. 5 is a side view thereof. Six light transmitting portions 30 are provided around the central mirror portion 27, and the light transmitting portions 30 are respectively provided. Is formed of a lens having an optical axis O8 at the center of.

The illumination light source 13 illuminates the optotype 12, and the light flux from the optotype 12 passes through the diopter variable lens 11 and is divided into two light paths by the light splitting member 10 into the left and right eyes EL and ER. In the optical path of the left eye EL, the luminous flux is reflected by the mirrors 8 and 7, and in the optical path of the right eye ER, the luminous flux is reflected by the mirror 9 and passes through lenses 6L and 6R, respectively, and dichroic mirrors 3L, 3R, and
The left and right eyes E of the subject S reflected by the movable mirrors 1L and 1R
Upon reaching L and ER, the subject S looks at the optotype 12.

The light flux from the interpupillary light source 20 passes through the lens 19 and is partially reflected by the dichroic mirror 15 and is split by the light splitting member 10 to travel along the left and right eye optical paths to the left and right eyes of the subject S. The EL and ER are irradiated as substantially parallel light, and a light source image is formed on each eye EL and ER. This reflected light returns through the same optical path, passes through the dichroic mirror 15 and the lens 16, and is reflected by the television camera 17 as light source images 20L ', 20L.
Image as R '.

If the pupil width of the subject S is the same as the distance between the optical axes O1L and O1R, the light source images 20L 'and 20R' are aligned in the lateral direction, so that the examiner looks at the image on the television monitor 18. By moving the movable mirrors 1L and 1R, the light source images 20L 'and 20
Adjust so that R'matches in the lateral direction and adjust the interpupillary distance. It is also possible to recognize the light source images 20L 'and 20R' by the computer 26 and automatically adjust the interpupillary distance.

Since the positions of the movable mirrors 1L and 1R in the optical axes O2L and O2R directions are detected, if the refraction measurement is carried out after adjusting the interpupillary distance, the apparatus will have optical axes in the left and right eyes EL and ER at that time. Since the O1L and O1R interval is recognized as the interpupillary distance, the recognized value may be displayed on the television monitor 18. In this way, it is possible to easily measure the accurate interpupillary distance by binocular vision without any special operation. At this time, the deviation of the working distance caused by the movement of the movable mirrors 1L and 1R is not shown. Move the slide base to correct it. In addition, it is better to measure the pupil distance for each subject S and use that value.

The light source 2L or 2R for illuminating the anterior segment is the subject S
It is turned on to illuminate the left or right eye EL or ER. The reflected light passes through the movable mirror 1L or 1R, the dichroic mirror 3L or 3R, the lens 6L or 6R, the reflected light of the left eye EL passes through the mirrors 7 and 8, and the ER reflected light of the right eye passes through the mirror 9. Then, an image is formed on the television camera 17 through the light splitting member 10, the dichroic mirror 15, and the lens 16, and the eye images EL ′ and ER ′ to be inspected are displayed on the television monitor 18.

The examiner aligns the pupil image with the alignment mark A while watching the television monitor 18. The anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 2L and 2R can also be used for the interpupillary adjustment. In this case, the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 2L and 2R should be moved integrally with the movable mirrors 1L and 1R. Then, the movable mirrors 1L and 1R are moved to perform the interpupillary adjustment so that the corneal reflection due to this light flux matches in the interpupillary direction. It should be noted that the anterior ocular segment illumination light source 2L (2R) that illuminates the eye EL (ER) other than the eye to be inspected at the time of alignment is weakly turned on so that the anterior segment of the eye is not reflected, and at the time of interpupillary alignment, the left and right eyes EL, ER Light source 2 for anterior ocular segment illumination
Both L and 2 are weakly lit. Further, if this is done, the interpupillary light source 20 becomes unnecessary.

The light beam from the refraction measuring light source 29 is reflected by the lens 2
8, the mirror portion 27 of the light splitting member 24 is reflected to reach the switching mirror 22, and the mirror 21L (21R) and the mirror 5 are passed through the optical path selected by the switching mirror 22.
The spot light flux is projected from the pupil center of the left eye EL (right eye ER) to the fundus through the L (5R), the lens 4L (4R), the dichroic mirror 3L (3R), and the movable mirror 1L (1R).

The reflected light from the emmetropic fundus returns through the same optical path,
Six light flux images 29 'as shown in FIG. 6 are formed on the photoelectric sensor 25 by the lens forming the light transmitting portion 30 around the light splitting member 24. Since the six principal rays passing through each light transmitting portion 30 are not refracted, even if this lens is made of a material such as acrylic, it is not affected by temperature changes. Then, the light receiving signal of the sensor 25 is input to the computer 26, each light beam position is calculated, and the eye refraction value is obtained.

Each of the movable mirrors 1L and 1R is shown in FIG.
Move to the optical axis O2L and O2R in the direction of arrow B to move the optical axis O1
The distance between L and the optical axis O1R is adjusted to the distance between the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject S. It is also possible to measure the interpupillary distance during near vision by using the near vision target. When the near vision target is presented, the movable mirrors 1L and 1R are rotated in the direction of arrow C to rotate the optical axis.
Add inward angles to O1L and O1R. When the movable mirrors 1L and 1R are rotated in this way, the optical axes O2L and
, O2R direction also moves by a predetermined amount so that the optical axes O1L and O1R do not deviate from the eyes EL and ER, respectively.

The inner angles of the optical axes O1L and O1R are determined by the pupil distance and the visual distance, and are changed in a predetermined relationship with the distance of the target to be presented.
For example, for a subject with a distance refraction of -3 diopters, 3
When presenting a target at 0 cm, the diopter variable lens 1
1 is set so that the visual target 12 is -6.3 diopters. Therefore, if the interpupillary distance is 60 cm, the inward angle is 11 degrees and 25 minutes, so the movable mirrors 1L and 1R are set to this angle.

The switching mirror 22 is rotated by 90 ° by the solenoid 23 to select the left eye EL or the right eye ER, and the light source 2L or 2R for anterior ocular segment illumination is turned on in accordance with this switching, and the eye EL (ER) to be inspected. Only the anterior ocular segment illumination light source 2L (2R) that becomes Index 1 when measuring far refraction
We present a distant index of 2 and measure while clouding with the optical axes O1L and O1R kept parallel. On the other hand, in the case of measuring the near point, the near vision target of the index 12 is presented to gradually bring the diopter diopter closer to the eye, and if the eyes EL and ER are adjusted to follow it, the eye diopter is brought closer. The eye refraction value measured when the accommodation is stopped becomes the near point. At this time, since the movable mirrors 1L and 1R are also moved in accordance with the visual target diopter, the subject actually looks as if the visual target 12 is near,
Objectively accurate near points can be obtained.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a target optical system of the objective refraction measuring apparatus of the second embodiment. Other parts are the same as those in FIG. 1, and the same reference numerals indicate the same members. . A step motor 33 is connected to an optotype disc 32 having a plurality of optotypes 31 provided on the circumference thereof, and an illumination light source 13 for illuminating the optotype 31 is provided behind the position of the optotype 31 to be presented. It is arranged. On the optical axis O4 in front of the optotype 31, a cross cylinder 3 composed of a lens 34, a collimator lens 35, and two identical cylindrical lenses conjugate with the anterior ocular segment of the eyes EL and ER to be examined.
6, the light splitting member 10 and the polarizing plate 37L are sequentially arranged,
A polarizing plate 37R is provided on the optical axis O5 in the reflection direction of the light splitting member 10.
Is arranged.

A step motor 38 for moving the lens 34 along the optical axis O4 is connected to the lens 34,
The cross cylinder 36 is connected to a driving means 39 composed of two step motors, and the two cylindrical lenses are rotated to correct astigmatism of the eyes EL and ER to be inspected.

The step motor 33 is driven to rotate the target disk 32 to select the target 31. When the illumination light source 13 is turned on and the selected target 31 of the target disk 32 is illuminated, the light flux from the target 31 passes through the lens 34, the collimator lens 35, and the cross cylinder 36, and passes through the light splitting member 1.
Divided into two optical paths at 0, and polarizing plates 37L and 37R respectively.
Through the optical paths of the left and right eyes to reach the eyes EL and ER.

The collimator lens 35 collimates the light transmitted through the lens 34 so that the apparent size of the target 31 does not change even if the diopter changes. Also, the polarizing plates 37L and 3
Since 7R has the characteristic that the transmission polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, the transmission light flux of the target 31 can be selected.
Therefore, in the case of the optotype 31 having the polarization characteristic, the optotype 31 is presented to one of the left eye EL and the right eye ER, and in the case of the optotype 31 having no polarization characteristic, it is presented to both eyes EL and ER. Therefore, the optotypes 31 can be selectively presented. In the case of objective measurement, the visual target 31 is presented on both eyes EL and ER.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the optotype 31 having a polarization characteristic, which is formed by a central portion 40 having a polarization characteristic including an optotype mark such as a character and a peripheral portion 41 having no polarization characteristic. The portion 41 is also provided with the optotype marks having a pattern different from that of the central portion 40. Further, the optotype mark of the central portion 40 can be seen only on one eye EL (ER) to be examined and the peripheral portion 41
Is visible to both eyes EL and ER, and eye accommodation can be stabilized with the aid of fusion.

FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment, which is a polarizing plate 37.
Instead of L and 38R, light diffusing members 42L and 42R are removably provided in the optical paths O4 and O5 as shown by arrow D at the emmetropic fundus conjugate positions of the left and right eye optical paths, respectively, and the others are the second. It is similar to the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the light diffusing members 42L and 42R. The central portion 43 has a light diffusing property like frosted glass, the peripheral portion 44 is transparent, and the optotype 31 has no polarization characteristic. . When the light diffusing member 42 is inserted into the optical path, the central portion 43
Since the optotype mark of 1 is invisible and the optotype mark of the peripheral portion 44 is visible, the fusion image can be guided by inserting the light diffusion member 41 into one optical path.

[0036]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention projects a light beam from the direction of the optical paths of the left and right eyes onto the cornea so that the corneal reflections of the left and right eyes have a predetermined relationship on the observation surface. By moving the member to adjust the interpupillary distance, the corneal reflection images of the left and right eyes can be magnified or viewed in a wide field of view, so that the alignment can be performed easily and accurately.

In the optometry apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the luminous flux of the target is projected through the diopter varying means, the light splitting member splits it into the right and left eye optical paths, and the luminous flux selecting means selectively blocks one of the luminous fluxes. By projecting another light beam, the visual target can be seen by the left eye, the right eye, or both eyes, so that an accurate optometry of both eyes or one eye can be performed, and the diopter variable optical system can Therefore, the structure of the device is simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view of an optical system.

FIG. 3 is a side view.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a light splitting member.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a light flux image on a photoelectric sensor.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a target optical system according to a second example.

FIG. 8 is a front view of an optotype.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a light diffusing member of a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a front view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1L, 1R Movable mirrors 2L, 2R Light source for anterior ocular segment illumination 10, 24 Light splitting member 12, 31 Visual target 13 Light source for visual target illumination 14 Solenoid 17 TV camera 18 TV monitor 20 Light source for eye width adjustment 22 Switching mirror 25 Photoelectric Sensor 26 Computer 29 Refraction measurement light source 33, 38, 39 Driving means 36 Cross cylinder 37L, 38R Polarizing plate 42L, 42R Light diffusing member

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A coupling optical system that combines light fluxes from the left and right eyes of a subject with a light splitting member through the right and left eye light paths and couples them to an observation surface, and projects a target light flux through the left and right eye light paths. The optical system includes a target optical system, movable means for moving a part of the optical paths of the left and right eyes in the eye width direction of the subject, and illumination means for illuminating the cornea of the eye to be examined from the optical path of the left and right eyes. An eye examination apparatus, wherein the movable means adjusts the interpupillary distance so that the corneal reflected light from the left and right eyes by the observer has a predetermined positional relationship on the observation surface. 2. A target optical system for splitting a light beam from an optotype into left and right eye optical paths by a light splitting member and guiding it to the left and right eyes of a subject, and an optical member between the light splitting member and the target. Diopter changing means for changing a target diopter by moving a part of the optical axis in the optical axis direction,
An optometry apparatus comprising: a light beam selecting unit that selectively blocks a light beam projected from the visual target to the right eye or the left eye of the subject.