JPH09512094A - Furnace superheater and fluidized bed reactor equipped with furnace superheater - Google Patents

Furnace superheater and fluidized bed reactor equipped with furnace superheater

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Publication number
JPH09512094A
JPH09512094A JP8514333A JP51433396A JPH09512094A JP H09512094 A JPH09512094 A JP H09512094A JP 8514333 A JP8514333 A JP 8514333A JP 51433396 A JP51433396 A JP 51433396A JP H09512094 A JPH09512094 A JP H09512094A
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Prior art keywords
superheater
furnace
fluidized bed
groove
tubular
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JP8514333A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2919078B2 (en
Inventor
ヤンッティ,ペルッティ
セッポーネン,タイスト
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フォスター ホイーラー エネルギア オーイュー
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/22Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22GSUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G3/00Steam superheaters characterised by constructional features; Details or component parts thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/107Protection of water tubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0041Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/14Fastening; Joining by using form fitting connection, e.g. with tongue and groove

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 本発明は平らな表面を形成するように互いに対して配列された複数の筒要素を有し該筒要素が機械的に配列されている炉過熱器に関する。過熱器要素は好ましくは断面形状四角形であり、溝等と実質上類似形状を有する突出部等とにより互いに取り付けられている。 (57) Summary The present invention relates to a furnace superheater having a plurality of tubular elements arranged relative to each other to form a flat surface, the tubular elements being mechanically arranged. The superheater elements are preferably square in cross-section and are attached to each other by grooves or the like and protrusions or the like having a substantially similar shape.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 炉過熱器および炉過熱器を備えた流動層反応装置 本発明は平らな表面を形成するように互いに載置され合った複数の筒要素を有 する炉過熱器に関する。 本発明はまた、反応器室と、該反応器室に接続された固形分分離器と、該固形 分分離器を該反応器室に接続する戻しダクトとから成る、炉過熱器を備えた循環 式流動層反応装置に関する。循環式流動層反応装置の炉に載置された蒸気過熱器 と蒸発器表面とがまた設けられている。 燃料、不活性流動媒体および/又は石灰岩のような固体材料は、反応装置の下 方部に配置されたガス供給手段を介して供給される気体により循環式流動層反応 装置内で流動化される。循環式流動層反応装置内での流動化速度は通常の条件下 では非常に速く流動層材料の実質的部分が気体に捕捉され反応装置から排出され る。特に気体に捕捉される固体材料の量が非常に高いので流動層の作用は固体材 料の循環(もしくは追加)なしでは維持されない。 循環式流動層反応装置において、相当量の固体材料が反応装置からその上部を 経て気体と共に排出される。絶対的な材料の流れは反応装置内で半径方向および 軸方向に変化し、下向きの流れは外側壁付近で最大になる。粒子濃度が反応装置 室の下部に向かって増加する時、外側壁に沿った粒子堆積が下方向に増大する。 粒子の流れ方向がわずかに変更してさえも浸蝕の原因となる。こうして、循環式 流動層反応装置は種々の構造に対して非常に過酷な条件を課している。 流動層反応装置の浸蝕の問題の故に、これまで互いに接続さ れた時平らな外表面を形成する筒要素を使用することが提案されてきた。この種 の構造を、例えば循環式流動層の技術に基づいて発電所のボイラー内の炉過熱器 内で、使用し、そのことにより過熱器を流動層反応装置の炉に直接配置すること ができる。このような筒要素は溶接によって互いに取り付けられる。しかるに、 溶接は、予備加熱作業、予備溶接作業、筒体の2つの側面上で筒の方向における 溶接作業、応力による変形の修正作業、検査等と一連の時間のかかる作業ステッ プを常に含んでいる。この溶接方法により形成される過熱器パネルはほとんど改 変できない程に組み立てられて1つの構造体要素を形成する。溶接は両側面につ いてなされ、しかる後両表面をできるだけ平滑な表面となるように機械加工する 。このことは推奨されるが、それは、流動層反応装置内の条件は、該反応装置の 上部においてさえも非常に浸蝕性でありそうしないと十分な信頼性が保証され得 ないからである。 平行な円形筒体から過熱器を形成することが米国特許5、012、767に開 示されている。そこでは隣り合う筒体は2つのスリーブ組み合わせにより互いに 取り付けられている。これら筒体はスリーブ内に配置され、スリーブは互いに溶 接されている。この円形の、スリーブ様配列体は非常に浸蝕し易く、取り付いて いるスリーブはまた相当にかつ容易に浸蝕する不連続点を形成している。同特許 はまた筒体を互いに接続するために筒体間に別個の取付手段を溶接することの可 能性を開示している。この配列であってさえも、非常に浸蝕し易い熱変換器を提 供するものであり、この種の配列はまた筒体間の距離を増加させ、しかして同じ スペース内により少ない平行な筒体が取り付けられうることになる。 本発明の目的は、炉過熱器筒体の製造に関連して溶接の必要をなくすかもしく は最小にし、そのことによりパネル構造体の製造時間を有意に減少することにあ る。同時に、予備加熱、予備溶接、筒体の両側面上筒方向における溶接、応力に より生じる変形の平準化および溶接の検査のような溶接作業工程をなくすかもし くは最小にする。 本発明のもう1つの目的は、また炉過熱器が平らな表面として形成され非常に 簡単な方法で一般的条件に対応するようにした循環式流動層反応装置を提供する ことにもある。 さらに、本発明の目的は、炉過熱器が耐磨耗構造として形成されている循環式 流動層反応装置を提供することである。 本発明の目的はまた、既知の技術の不利な点を除去するかもしくは減少し、そ して完全に新規な構造体を提供することにもある。本発明は炉過熱器が実質上溶 接なしで形成されるという考えに基づいている。 より正確には、本発明による炉過熱器の特徴は主として筒要素が互いに機械的 に接続されているということにある。 また、炉過熱器を備え、反応室と、該反応室に接続された固形分分離器と、固 形分分離器を該反応室に接続している戻しダクトと、蒸発器表面と、循環式流動 層反応装置の炉に配置された蒸気過熱器とから成る、本発明による循環式流動層 反応装置の特徴は、主として前記過熱器が互いに機械的に取り付けられた複数の 過熱器筒要素で形成された平らな筒体パネルから成るということである。 本発明の第1実施例によれば、循環式流動反応装置に特に適している炉過熱器 は、各々が断面四角形状であり互いに溝等により取り付けられている過熱器筒体 で形成される。ここで、 「四角形状」とは、少なくとも2つの実質的に平行な側面を有する形状を意味し 、これらは少なくとも部分的に互いの上にある。本発明による炉過熱器は炉過熱 筒体自身にその接触表面に形成された連結溝等の手段により互いに取り付けられ た複数の別々の加熱器筒体により形成される。 本発明によれば、連結溝等は機械加工により形成することができ、又は接触表 面はフライス加工によっても形成することができる。連結溝等は多くの方法によ り実現できる。しかしながら、筒要素の互いに相対的な運動の自由度は合理的な 程度になくされることが好ましい。 好個の実施例によれば、結合部は一方の筒要素にリセス、連結溝等、そして他 方の筒要素に突出部を形成し、これらは嵌まり合う時、機械的な結合部を形成す る。 過熱器要素は好ましくは断面四角形状であり、実質的に類似の形状を有する溝 等と突出部等とにより互いに取付けられる。突出部等とは溝を備えた筒要素の隣 りに配置された筒要素に固定的もしくは可動に取付けられた要素を言い、該突出 部は該溝の形を有している。 本発明によれば、筒要素は流路を形成する好ましくは丸いダクトから成り、該 流路の表面からある距離内において筒要素の外側表面が2つの実質上平行な平ら な表面と前記平行かつ平らな表面に実質上直角な2つの接触表面とで形成される よう筒体材料によって限定されている。接合溝等および/または突出部等は断面 輪郭形状が実質上類似しており、前記接触表面上に形成されている。 筒要素内の接合溝等と突出部等の断面は好ましくは、平行四辺形、半平行四辺 形であり、又は円形、半球状、三角形状もし くはそれらの組み合わせとすることができる。望むなら、本発明の目的を達成す る他のいくつかの形状を採用することもできる。筒要素の接合溝等は、好ましく は突出部等と同じ大きさもしくはより大きな断面とすることができる。 本発明によれば、先行技術よりも有意な効果を達成できる。本発明は炉過熱器 の筒方向における溶接の必要性をなくすか又は減らす。パネル構造体の製造に必 要とされる時間は相当に減少し、そのことによりまた製造工程を通してパネル構 造体に対して必要とされる時間が減少される。予備加熱、予備溶接、筒体方向に おける両側面での溶接、応力により生じる変形の平滑化および溶接の検査のよう な溶接作業工程は本発明による装置に取って代わられる。 以下に、添付の図面を参照して本発明の実施例についてより詳細に説明する。 第1図は本発明による炉過熱器を備えた循環式流動層反応装置の実施例を模式 的に例示しており、 第2図は第1図の炉過熱器の好ましい実施の形態を模式的に例示しており; 第3図は第1図の炉過熱器の第2の実施の形態を模式的に例示しており、 第4−6図は本発明による炉過熱器の異なった断面輪郭形状を模式的に例示し ており、そして第7図は第1図の炉過熱器を形成するために本発明によるさらに 別の実施の形態を模式的に例示している。 第1図は反応室4,熱ガス分離器6および戻しダクト8の組合わせ体から成る 循環式流動層反応装置を例示しており、該反応装置内へ流動化ガスは反応室4の 低部もしくはどこか他の部 分(図示なし)に導管10を介して導入される。燃料のような固体材料は1本の 導管12を介してもしくは多数本の導管(図示なし)を介して供給される。生成 ガスは熱ガス分離器から導管14を介して排出される。発熱プロセスは反応室内 で維持される。この熱は蒸発器筒体で形成された反応室壁16を介して、たとえ ば、蒸発するボイラー水に回収される。蒸発すべき水はシリンダ18から筒体2 0を介して蒸発器筒体に導入され、そして蒸気/水混合物は導管22を介して、 たとえば、シリンダに戻る。ここで説明されている循環サイクルは多くの一般化 および単純化がなされており、実際にはこのようなサイクルは他の要素を種々含 んでいる。また、熱ガス発生装置は好ましくは蒸発器もしくは他の熱交換表面が 形成されている。循環サイクルは、本発明によれば、自然循環もしくは強制循環 式であり、本発明はこれら両タイプの装置に適用できる。炉過熱器24は反応室 の上部に設けられており、蒸気は手段26を介して炉過熱器24に供給される。 蒸気は過熱器からチャンネル28を介してタービン30に導かれ、そしてそこか らさらにチャンネル32を経てシリンダに戻される。この循環サイクルもまた非 常に単純化されている。 反応室4の上部における炉過熱器24は反応装置の固体−気体−サスペンショ ンにより解放される熱を利用することにより蒸気を過熱するべく設けられている 。過熱器24は循環式流動層反応装置内に、好ましくは反応室の対向壁の外側で 両端に延びるように装置されている。こうして、一方で、過熱器は、両端で反応 室にしっかりと確実に支持されている。他方で、反応壁間の比較的長い距離はパ ネルにある要件を課すことになる。実際上、支持が貧弱であると構造体は容易に 振動し始め、ある いは起りうる熱膨張により曲がりうる。換言すれば、過熱器パネルは頑強でなけ ればならない。これは、本発明によれば筒要素を長手方向に互いに機械的接合部 材によって支持することにより配置される。この種の機械的結合部材は本発明に よれば隣接する筒要素間の全面に相互結合する輪郭形状とされた表面を設け、互 いに向い合う接触面が互いに嵌まり合い、そして前記接触面はまた十分な程度に 要素間の相対運動を防止する。過熱器の端部には導管34が設けてあって蒸気流 を所望の方法で加熱器の別々の筒要素間に制御および/又は分割する。炉過熱器 は本発明によれば筒要素を機械的に互いに接合することにより形成され、したが って、筒方向に溶接を必要としない。本発明により形成された筒体パネルは、し かしながら、導管34に、好ましくはこれら導管に筒体パネルを溶接することに より、しっかり連結され、その結果蒸気製造によりセットされる要求が満足され る。 循環式流動層反応装置内の条件は非常に浸蝕的であり、比較的高温(たとえば 、600−1200℃)と相まって固体粒子が気体中に浮遊状態にある。このよ うな条件の下で、表面は、とくに不連続になった点で極めて容易に浸蝕する。そ れ故、本発明によれば炉過熱器は好ましくは1つが他の1つの上に配置された筒 体パネルで形成され、それはまた互いに接合された複数の筒要素36で形成され 、そして筒要素の表面は本発明により炉過熱器を形成する方法により実質上平ら に配列される。 第1図は燃料燃焼用に配列された循環式流動層反応装置を例示している。本発 明による炉過熱器は、必要であれば、他の種の炉にも使用でき、たとえばいわゆ る微粉砕燃料ボイラにおいてさえも使用できる。本発明による炉過熱器の最良の 特徴は、 過熱器が固体材料を含んでいる気体混合物により取巻かれた条件において特に明 らかとなる。こうして、循環式流動層反応装置はまた、たとえば、火格子焼却炉 において、熱ガス冷却器として作用し、そのことにより主として火格子配列体は 上述のものから逸脱する。本発明による炉過熱器は、第1図では炉の上部に配置 されているけれども、異なった高さで炉に位置決めすることができる。 第2図は本発明による炉過熱器筒体パネルの配列体を例示している。第2図は 接合溝364により互いに連結された2つの筒要素362,366を示しており 、その1つの筒要素にはリセス368が形成されておりもう1つの筒要素には突 出部370が形成されている。突出部とリセスとで共に接合部材を形成し、該接 合部材は十分な程度に筒要素を互いに結合して過熱器パネルを頑丈にする。突出 部もしくはリセスは筒要素に設けられ、その結果各要素は一方の端部にリセスを 他方の端部に突出部を含んでいる。これとは別に、2種類の筒体とし、交互に突 出部を備えた筒体とリセスを備えたものとすることもでき、その場合同量の両タ イプの筒体が筒体パネルを形成するのに必要となる。最初に述べた例では筒要素 は一種類のみが必要であるので、この例が有利である。過熱すべき蒸気用の流れ チャンネル372は筒要素内に配置される。該筒要素は本発明によれば2つの実 質的に平行でかつ平らな表面374,376を含んでおり、これらはダクトもし くは流れチャンネル372および両表面と該チャンネル372との間に十分な材 料とが両表面間の領域378に存在するように決定される距離だけ離隔配置され る。筒要素は、隣りの要素内の接合溝等に結合される接触表面に端部380,3 82を備えた主として四角形の断面形状をし ている。表面374と376とはリセスと突出部とを備えた接触表面および十分 な長さの材料層を得るに十分なだけ延びている。 第4−6図は筒要素の接合部のために必要とされる接触表面を形成する別の方 法を例示している。第4図において突出部とリセスとは1つの直角端面41と1 つの傾斜端面43とを有している。第5図において、複数個の突出部とリセスと がほぼ円形状面として形成されており、一方第6図において突出部とリセスとは 三角形状になっている。 炉過熱器の筒要素を接合することについての第7図に示された方法は非常に有 利である。2つの隣接する筒要素70の向かい合う接触側にはともにリセス72 が設けてあり、隣り合って配置された時筒要素70は筒体間にスペース74を形 成する。筒体は該スペース74の形状をした棒部材等76を嵌めることにより互 いに接合される。この棒部材76は突出部等に対応しているが、筒体に固定的に 結合されているものではない。この棒部材等は筒体の一端から他端に延びている が、この接合部材を数個の短い片とし、スペース74の特定の位置に配置するよ うにしても良い。 棒部材等の形状は筒要素の運動、少なくとも要素が互いに離れる運動を実質的 に阻止するように選択することが好ましい。第7図に示す装置によっては、好適 な道具を用いて両側から棒部材すなわち要素76を取り外すことにより筒体パネ ルから1つの筒要素を外すことが可能である。このことは、筒体を別の筒体に取 り替えることにより炉過熱器の修理を非常に簡単かつ迅速に実現できるので、特 に循環式流動層反応装置の関連では大変有利な特徴である。 添付第1図では大気条件で運転される循環式流動層反応装置を例示しているが 、本発明による炉過熱器は、大気圧により高圧たとえば2−50バールで運転さ れる燃焼室に特に適している。 添付の図面にはいくつかの実施例が例示されているが、当業者に自明の全ゆる 変形例が特許請求の範囲により規定される発明の範囲内にあることは明らかであ る。Detailed Description of the Invention               Furnace superheater and fluidized bed reactor equipped with furnace superheater   The present invention comprises a plurality of tubular elements placed on top of each other to form a flat surface. Related to the furnace superheater.   The present invention also provides a reactor chamber, a solids separator connected to the reactor chamber, and a solids separator. Circulation with furnace superheater, consisting of a return duct connecting the separator to the reactor chamber Type fluidized bed reactor. Steam superheater mounted on furnace of circulating fluidized bed reactor And an evaporator surface is also provided.   Fuel, inert fluid media and / or solid materials such as limestone should be kept under the reactor. Circulating fluidized bed reaction by the gas supplied through the gas supply means arranged in the lower part It is fluidized in the device. Fluidization rate in a circulating fluidized bed reactor is normal Very quickly, a substantial portion of the fluidized bed material is trapped in the gas and discharged from the reactor. You. In particular, the amount of solid material trapped in the gas is very high, so the action of the fluidized bed is It cannot be maintained without circulation (or addition) of fees.   In a circulating fluidized bed reactor, a significant amount of solid material flows from the reactor to the top of it. After that, it is discharged together with the gas. Absolute material flow is radial and within the reactor It changes axially and the downward flow is maximum near the outer wall. Particle concentration is reactor Particle deposition along the outer wall increases downward as it increases toward the bottom of the chamber. Even a slight change in the direction of particle flow causes erosion. Thus, the circulation type Fluidized bed reactors impose very harsh conditions on various structures.   Due to erosion problems in fluidized bed reactors, they have never been connected to each other. It has been proposed to use a tubular element which, when exposed, forms a flat outer surface. This species The structure of, for example, a furnace superheater in the boiler of a power plant based on the technology of circulating fluidized bed In use, thereby placing the superheater directly in the furnace of the fluidized bed reactor Can be. Such tubular elements are attached to each other by welding. However, Welding is performed in the direction of the cylinder on the two sides of the preheating work, prewelding work, cylinder Welding work, deformation correction work due to stress, inspection, etc. Always included. Most of the superheater panels formed by this welding method are modified. They are immutably assembled to form one structural element. Welding is on both sides Then, both surfaces are machined so that both surfaces are as smooth as possible. . This is recommended, however, because the conditions in a fluidized bed reactor are Sufficient erosion can be guaranteed if not very erosive even at the top Because there is no.   Forming a superheater from parallel circular cylinders was found in US Pat. No. 5,012,767. It is shown. There, adjacent cylinders are connected to each other by a combination of two sleeves. Installed. The barrels are placed in a sleeve, and the sleeves fuse with each other. It is touched. This circular, sleeve-like array is very erodible and The sleeves also form discontinuities that erode considerably and easily. Same patent It is also possible to weld separate attachment means between the barrels to connect the barrels together. Disclosure of performance. Even with this arrangement, a heat converter that is very susceptible to erosion is provided. This type of arrangement also increases the distance between the cylinders, thus the same Less parallel cylinders can be installed in the space.   The object of the present invention may eliminate the need for welding in connection with the manufacture of furnace superheater barrels. To minimize the manufacturing time of the panel structure. You. At the same time, pre-heating, pre-welding, welding on both sides of the cylinder in the cylinder direction, stress May eliminate welding process steps such as leveling of resulting deformations and inspection of welds To minimize.   Another object of the invention is also that the furnace superheater is formed as a flat surface To provide a circulating fluidized bed reactor adapted to general conditions in a simple manner There is also a thing.   Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a circulation type in which the furnace superheater is formed as an abrasion resistant structure. A fluidized bed reactor is provided.   The object of the invention is also to eliminate or reduce the disadvantages of the known techniques, To provide a completely new structure. In the present invention, the furnace superheater is substantially melted. It is based on the idea that it is formed without contact.   More precisely, the features of the furnace superheater according to the invention are mainly that the tubular elements are mechanical Is connected to.   Further, a furnace superheater is provided, and a reaction chamber, a solid content separator connected to the reaction chamber, and A return duct connecting the shape separator to the reaction chamber, the evaporator surface and the circulating flow. Circulating fluidized bed according to the invention consisting of a vapor superheater arranged in the furnace of a bed reactor The characteristics of the reactor are mainly that a plurality of the superheaters are mechanically attached to each other. It consists of a flat tubular panel formed of superheater tubular elements.   According to a first embodiment of the invention, a furnace superheater which is particularly suitable for circulating flow reactors Are superheater cylinders each having a quadrangular cross section and attached to each other by grooves or the like. Is formed. here, "Square shape" means a shape having at least two substantially parallel sides. , These are at least partially on top of each other. The furnace superheater according to the present invention is a furnace superheater. Attached to each other by means of connecting grooves or the like formed on the contact surface of the cylinder itself It is formed by a plurality of separate heater cylinders.   According to the present invention, the connecting groove or the like can be formed by machining, or the contact surface can be formed. The surface can also be formed by milling. Connection groove etc. Can be realized. However, the freedom of movement of the tubular elements relative to each other is reasonable. It is preferably eliminated to some extent.   According to a preferred embodiment, the coupling part is provided with recesses, connecting grooves, etc. on one tubular element, and Forming protrusions on one of the tubular elements that, when fitted, form a mechanical connection You.   The superheater element is preferably square in cross section and has a groove with a substantially similar shape. Etc. and the protrusions and the like are attached to each other. Next to a tubular element with a groove Is a fixedly or movably mounted element on a tubular element arranged around The part has the shape of the groove.   According to the invention, the tubular element consists of a preferably round duct forming a flow path, The outer surface of the tubular element is two substantially parallel flat surfaces within a distance from the surface of the flow path. And two contact surfaces substantially perpendicular to said parallel and flat surface It is limited by the tubular material. Cross section of joint groove and / or protrusion The contour shapes are substantially similar and are formed on the contact surface.   The cross section of the joint groove and the protruding portion in the tubular element is preferably parallelogram, semi-parallel quadrilateral. Shaped, or circular, hemispherical, triangular if Or a combination thereof. If desired, achieve the objectives of the present invention. It is also possible to adopt some other shapes. The joining groove of the tubular element is preferably Can have the same size or a larger cross section than the protrusions and the like.   According to the present invention, a significant effect can be achieved as compared with the prior art. The present invention is a furnace superheater Eliminate or reduce the need for welding in the cylinder direction. Required for manufacturing panel structure The time required is considerably reduced, which also leads to panel construction throughout the manufacturing process. The time required for construction is reduced. Pre-heating, pre-welding, cylinder direction Such as welding on both sides, smoothing the deformation caused by stress and inspecting welding A different welding process is replaced by the device according to the invention.   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.   FIG. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a circulating fluidized bed reactor equipped with a furnace superheater according to the present invention. As an example,   FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a preferred embodiment of the furnace superheater of FIG. 1;   FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a second embodiment of the furnace superheater of FIG.   4-6 schematically illustrate different cross-sectional contour shapes of the furnace superheater according to the present invention. And FIG. 7 further illustrates the present invention for forming the furnace superheater of FIG. 2 schematically illustrates another embodiment.   FIG. 1 shows a combination of a reaction chamber 4, a hot gas separator 6 and a return duct 8. The circulating fluidized bed reactor is shown as an example, and the fluidizing gas into the reactor is in the reaction chamber 4. Lower part or somewhere else Minutes (not shown) are introduced via conduit 10. Solid material like fuel It is supplied via conduit 12 or via multiple conduits (not shown). Generate The gas is discharged from the hot gas separator via conduit 14. Exothermic process in reaction chamber Is maintained in. This heat is transmitted through the reaction chamber wall 16 formed by the evaporator cylinder, For example, it is recovered in the boiling boiler water. The water to be evaporated from the cylinder 18 to the cylinder 2 0 into the evaporator barrel and the steam / water mixture via conduit 22 For example, back to the cylinder. The circulation cycle described here has many generalizations. And simplifications, and in practice such cycles include various other factors. It is. Also, the hot gas generator preferably has an evaporator or other heat exchange surface. Is formed. According to the present invention, the circulation cycle is a natural circulation or a forced circulation. The present invention is applicable to both types of devices. The furnace superheater 24 is a reaction chamber. Is provided at the upper part of the furnace, and the steam is supplied to the furnace superheater 24 through the means 26. Steam is channeled from the superheater via channel 28 to turbine 30, and there Then, it is returned to the cylinder through the channel 32. This circulation cycle is also non It's always simplified.   The furnace superheater 24 in the upper part of the reaction chamber 4 is a solid-gas-suspension of the reactor. Is provided to superheat the steam by utilizing the heat released by . The superheater 24 is inside the circulating fluidized bed reactor, preferably outside the opposing wall of the reaction chamber. It is arranged to extend at both ends. Thus, on the other hand, the superheater reacts at both ends It is firmly and securely supported in the room. On the other hand, relatively long distances between reaction walls are Will impose certain requirements on Nell. In fact, poor support makes the structure easier Begins to vibrate, there is It can bend due to possible thermal expansion. In other words, the superheater panel must be robust I have to. This means that according to the invention the tubular elements are mechanically joined to one another in the longitudinal direction. It is arranged by being supported by a material. This type of mechanical coupling member is suitable for the present invention. According to this, the surfaces having the contour shape that mutually connect to each other are provided on the entire surfaces between the adjacent cylindrical elements, and The contact surfaces facing each other fit together and said contact surfaces are also of sufficient degree Prevent relative movement between elements. A conduit 34 is provided at the end of the superheater to Is controlled and / or divided between the separate tubular elements of the heater in the desired manner. Furnace superheater Is formed according to the invention by mechanically joining the tubular elements together, Therefore, welding is not required in the cylinder direction. The tubular panel formed according to the present invention is However, for welding conduits 34, preferably tubular panels to these conduits. More tightly connected, thus satisfying the requirements set by steam manufacturing You.   The conditions in a circulating fluidized bed reactor are very erosive and relatively high temperatures (eg , 600-1200 ° C.), the solid particles are suspended in the gas. This Under such conditions, the surface erodes very easily, especially at the discontinuities. So Therefore, according to the present invention, the furnace superheater is preferably a cylinder arranged one above the other. Formed of a body panel, which is also formed of a plurality of tubular elements 36 joined together , And the surface of the tubular element is substantially flat by the method of forming a furnace superheater according to the present invention. Arranged in.   FIG. 1 illustrates a circulating fluidized bed reactor arranged for fuel combustion. Departure The Ming furnace superheater can also be used for other types of furnaces if desired, for example Iwayu It can even be used in finely ground fuel boilers. The best of the furnace superheater according to the invention feature is, Especially clear in conditions where the superheater is surrounded by a gas mixture containing solid materials. It will be ridiculous. Thus, circulating fluidized bed reactors are also used, for example, in grate incinerators. , Acts as a hot gas cooler, which mainly causes the grate array to It deviates from the above. The furnace superheater according to the invention is arranged in the upper part of the furnace in FIG. However, it can be positioned in the furnace at different heights.   FIG. 2 illustrates an array of furnace superheater cylinder panels according to the present invention. Figure 2 Shows two tubular elements 362, 366 connected to each other by a mating groove 364. , A recess 368 is formed in one of the tubular elements and a protrusion is formed in the other tubular element. A projecting portion 370 is formed. Form a joint member together with the protrusion and the recess, and The mating member joins the tubular elements together to a sufficient degree to make the superheater panel robust. Protrusion Sections or recesses are provided in the tubular element so that each element has a recess on one end. It includes a protrusion at the other end. Separately from this, there are two types of cylinders that are alternately projected. It can also be provided with a barrel with a recess and a recess, in which case the same amount of both The tubular body of the ip is needed to form the tubular panel. In the first mentioned example, the tubular element This example is advantageous because only one type is required. Flow for steam to be superheated The channel 372 is arranged in the tubular element. According to the invention, the tubular element comprises two Includes qualitatively parallel and flat surfaces 374, 376 which, if ducted The flow channel 372 and sufficient material between both surfaces and the channel 372. The material and the surface are separated by a distance determined to be in the region 378 between the surfaces. You. The tubular element has end portions 380, 3 on the contact surface which are joined to a joining groove or the like in an adjacent element. 82 with a mainly rectangular cross-section ing. Surfaces 374 and 376 are contact surfaces with recesses and protrusions and sufficient Extended sufficiently to obtain a length of material layer.   Figures 4-6 show another way of forming the contact surface required for the joining of tubular elements. Illustrates the law. In FIG. 4, the protrusion and the recess are formed as one right-angled end face 41 and one It has two inclined end faces 43. In FIG. 5, a plurality of protrusions and recesses Is formed as a substantially circular surface, while in FIG. 6, the protrusion and the recess are It has a triangular shape.   The method shown in FIG. 7 for joining the tubular elements of the furnace superheater is very successful. It is profitable. The recesses 72 are both provided on the opposite contact sides of two adjacent tubular elements 70. And the cylindrical elements 70 are arranged side by side, the cylindrical element 70 forms a space 74 between the cylindrical bodies. To achieve. The tubular body is fitted with a rod member 76 having the shape of the space 74. It is joined to the sea. This rod member 76 corresponds to the protruding portion, etc., but is fixed to the cylindrical body. It is not combined. This rod member extends from one end to the other end of the cylinder. However, this joint member should be made into several short pieces and placed at a specific position in the space 74. You can do it.   The shape of the rod member, etc. is substantially the same as the movement of the tubular element, It is preferable to select such that Suitable for some devices shown in FIG. Remove the rod or element 76 from both sides using a It is possible to remove one tubular element from the ruler. This means that one cylinder can be replaced by another. The replacement of the furnace superheater can be accomplished very easily and quickly, This is a very advantageous feature in the context of a circulating fluidized bed reactor.   The attached FIG. 1 illustrates a circulating fluidized bed reactor operated under atmospheric conditions. The furnace superheater according to the invention is operated at high pressure, eg 2-50 bar, depending on atmospheric pressure. Especially suitable for combustion chambers.   Although several embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art Obviously, modifications are within the scope of the invention defined by the claims. You.

【手続補正書】 【提出日】1997年4月28日 【補正内容】 請求の範囲 1.互いに接合された複数の筒要素(36)を備えた炉過熱器において、該筒 要素は少なくとも2つの実質的に平行な平らな側面を有する断面を有しており、 そして該筒要素によって形成された表面は平らであることを特徴とする炉過熱器 (24)。 2.過熱器筒要素は断面輪郭形状が実質的に四角形であり、かつそれら炉過熱 器要素は溝等と該溝の断面形状に類似の突出部等により互いに接合されているこ とを特徴とする請求の範囲1に記載の炉過熱器。 3.1つの筒要素が流れチャンネルを形成する好ましくは円形のダクト(37 2)を含み、該ダクトは筒体材料(378)により筒要素の外面が該流れチャン ネルの表面からある距離内の2つの平行かつ平らな表面(374、376)と前 記平行かつ平らな表面に直角な2つの接触表面(380、382)とで形成され 、該接触表面には溝等と/又は該溝等の断面形状に実質的類似の突出部等が設け てあることを特徴とする請求の範囲1に記載の炉過熱器。 4.筒要素の一側面には溝等が設けてあり、他側面には固定した突出部等が設 けてあることを特徴とする請求の範囲2または3に記載の炉過熱器。 5.筒要素の溝等と突出部等との断面はその形状または組み合わせ状態におい て平行四辺形、半平行四辺形、円形、半円形もしくは三角形又はその組み合わせ であることを特徴とする請求の範囲2または3に記載の炉過熱器。 6.溝等は突出部等より大きいかもしくは等しい断面領域を有することを特徴 とする請求の範囲2または3に記載の炉過熱器。 7.過熱器要素を形成する平らなパネルが循環式流動層反応装置の炉に少なく とも部分的に配列されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲1に記載の炉過熱器。 8.隣接する筒要素の対向する接触面にはリセスが設けてあり、該筒要素は隣 接して配置される時筒体間にスペース74を形成し、該筒体は前記スペース74 内に実質上その形に倣った棒部材等を配列することにより互いに取り付けられる ことを特徴とする請求の範囲1に記載の炉過熱器。 9.炉過熱器を備え、反応室と、該反応室に取り付けられた固形分分離器と、 固形分分離器を該反応室に接続する戻しダクトと、蒸発器表面と循環式流動層反 応装置の炉に設けられた蒸気過熱器とから成る循環式流動層反応装置において、 過熱器は互いに機械的に接合された複数の過熱器筒要素から形成された平らな筒 体パネルから成ることを特徴とする循環式流 動層反応装置。 10.反応装置の過熱器における過熱器筒要素は実質的四角形の断面であり、そ してこれら過熱器筒要素溝等と該溝等の断面形状に実質的に類似の突出部等によ り互いに接合されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲9に記載の循環式流動層反 応装置。 11.反応装置における過熱器の筒要素は流れチャンネルを形成する好ましくは 円形のダクトから成り、該ダクトは筒要素の外側面が該流れチャンネルの表面か らある距離内の2つの実質上平行かつ平らな面と前記平行かつ平らな面に直角な 2つの接触面とにより形成されるように筒体材料により画成されており、該接触 面には溝等および/または該溝等の断面形状に実質的に類似の突出部等が設けら れていることを特徴とする請求の範囲9に記載の循環式流動層反応装置。 12.該筒要素の1つの接触面には溝等が設けてあり、他の接触面には突出部等 が設けてあることを特徴とする請求の範囲10または11に記載の循環式流動層 反応装置。 13.筒要素の溝等と突出部等との断面は平行四辺形、半平行四辺形もしくは円 形、半円形もしくは三角形又はそれらの組み合わせである請求の範囲10または 11に記載の循環式流動層反応装置。 14.溝等は突出部等よりも大きいかまたは等しい断面領域を有する請求の範囲 10または11に記載の循環式流動層反応装置。 15.隣接し合う筒要素の対向する接触側面にはリヤスが設けてあり、これら筒 要素は隣接状態の時筒体間にスペース74を形成し、しかして該筒体は前記スペ ースの形状に実質上倣う形状の棒部材等を該スペース74内に挿入することによ り互いに取り付けられることを特徴とする請求の範囲9に記載の循環式流動層反 応装置。[Procedure amendment] [Submission date] April 28, 1997 [Correction contents] The scope of the claims   1. In a furnace superheater comprising a plurality of tube elements (36) joined together, said tube The element has a cross section with at least two substantially parallel flat sides, A furnace superheater characterized in that the surface formed by the tubular element is flat (24).   2. The superheater tube element has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional profile and the furnace overheating The container elements are joined to each other by a groove or the like and a protrusion or the like having a cross-sectional shape similar to that of the groove. The furnace superheater according to claim 1, wherein:   3. A preferably circular duct (37) in which one tubular element forms a flow channel 2), the duct being made of a tubular material (378) so that the outer surface of the tubular element is the flow channel. Front with two parallel and flat surfaces (374, 376) within a certain distance from the surface of the flannel Formed by two contact surfaces (380, 382) parallel to each other and perpendicular to the flat surface , The contact surface is provided with a groove or the like and / or a protrusion or the like substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the groove or the like. The furnace superheater according to claim 1, characterized in that   4. A groove or the like is provided on one side surface of the tubular element, and a fixed protrusion or the like is provided on the other side surface. The furnace superheater according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the furnace superheater is provided.   5. The cross section of the groove, etc. of the cylindrical element and the protruding part, etc. should be in the shape or combination state. Parallelogram, semi-parallelogram, circle, semi-circle or triangle or combination thereof The furnace superheater according to claim 2 or 3, wherein   6. The grooves etc. have a cross-sectional area that is equal to or larger than the protrusions etc. The furnace superheater according to claim 2 or 3.   7. The flat panel forming the superheater elements is less common in the circulating fluidized bed reactor furnace. The furnace superheater according to claim 1, wherein the furnace superheater is partially arranged.   8. Recesses are provided on the opposing contact surfaces of adjacent tubular elements so that the tubular elements are When arranged in contact with each other, a space 74 is formed between the cylinders, and the cylinders have the space 74. They are attached to each other by arranging rod members, etc. that substantially follow the shape in The furnace superheater according to claim 1, wherein:   9. A reaction chamber including a furnace superheater, and a solid content separator attached to the reaction chamber; A return duct connecting the solids separator to the reaction chamber, the evaporator surface and the circulating fluidized bed reactor. In a circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a steam superheater provided in the reactor of the reaction device, Superheater is a flat tube formed from multiple superheater tube elements mechanically joined together Circulating flow characterized by consisting of body panels Fluidized bed reactor. 10. The superheater tube element in the reactor superheater has a substantially square cross section, These superheater cylinder element grooves and the like and protrusions and the like that are substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the grooves and the like. 10. The circulating fluidized bed reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that Response device. 11. The tubular elements of the superheater in the reactor form flow channels, preferably It consists of a circular duct whose outer surface of the tubular element is the surface of the flow channel. Two substantially parallel and flat surfaces within a certain distance from each other and perpendicular to said parallel and flat surfaces Defined by a tubular material so as to be formed by two contact surfaces, The surface is provided with a groove or the like and / or a protrusion or the like substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the groove or the like. The circulating fluidized bed reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that 12. A groove or the like is provided on one contact surface of the tubular element, and a protrusion or the like is provided on the other contact surface. The circulating fluidized bed according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that Reactor. 13. The cross section of the groove, etc. of the cylindrical element and the protruding part etc. is a parallelogram, a semi-parallelogram or a circle. Claim 10 which is a shape, a semi-circle or a triangle or a combination thereof or The circulating fluidized bed reactor according to item 11. 14. A groove or the like has a cross-sectional area that is larger than or equal to the protrusion or the like. The circulating fluidized bed reactor according to 10 or 11. 15. Rias are provided on the opposing contact side surfaces of the adjacent cylinder elements. The elements, when adjacent, form a space 74 between the cylinders which, in turn, is said space. By inserting a rod member having a shape substantially following the shape of the base into the space 74, 10. The circulating fluidized bed reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that they are attached to each other. Response device.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1.平らな表面を形成するように互いに載置された複数の筒要素(36)を備 え、該筒要素が互いに機械的に接合されていることを特徴とする炉過熱器(24 )。 2.過熱器筒要素は断面輪郭形状が実質的に四角形であり、かつそれら炉過熱 器要素は溝等と該溝の断面形状に類似の突出部等により互いに接合されているこ とを特徴とする請求の範囲1に記載の炉過熱器。 3.1つの筒要素が流れチャンネルを形成する好ましくは円形のダクト(37 2)を含み、該ダクトは筒体材料(378)により筒要素の外面が該流れチャン ネルの表面からある距離内の2つの平行かつ平らな表面(374、376)と前 記平行かつ平らな表面に直角な2つの接触表面(380、382)とで形成され 、該接触表面には溝等と/又は該溝等の断面形状に実質的類似の突出部等が設け てあることを特徴とする請求の範囲1に記載の炉過熱器。 4.筒要素の一側面には溝等が設けてあり、他側面には固定した突出部等が設 けてあることを特徴とする請求の範囲2または3に記載の炉過熱器。 5.筒要素の溝等と突出部等との断面はその形状または組み合わせ状態におい て平行四辺形、半平行四辺形、円形、半円形もしくは三角形又はその組み合わせ であることを特徴とする請求の範囲2または3に記載の炉過熱器。 6.溝等は突出部等より大きいかもしくは等しい断面領域を有することを特徴 とする請求の範囲2または3に記載の炉過熱器。 7.過熱器要素を形成する平らなパネルが循環式流動層反応装置の炉に少なく とも部分的に配列されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲1に記載の炉過熱器。 8.隣接する筒要素の対向する接触面にはリセスが設けてあり、該筒要素は隣 接して配置される時筒体間にスペース74を形成し、該筒体は前記スペース74 内に実質上その形に倣った棒部材等を配列することにより互いに取り付けられる ことを特徴とする請求の範囲1に記載の炉過熱器。 9.炉過熱器を備え、反応室と、該反応室に取り付けられた固形分分離器と、 固形分分離器を該反応室に接続する戻しダクトと、蒸発器表面と循環式流動層反 応装置の炉に設けられた蒸気過熱器とから成る循環式流動層反応装置において、 過熱器は互いに機械的に接合された複数の過熱器筒要素から形成された平らな筒 体パネルから成ることを特徴とする循環式流動層反応装置。 10.反応装置の過熱器における過熱器筒要素は実質的四角形の断面であり、 そしてこれら過熱器筒要素溝等と該溝等の断面形状に実質的に類似の突出部等に より互いに接合されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲9に記載の循環式流動層 反応装置。 11.反応装置における過熱器の筒要素は流れチャンネルを形成する好ましく は円形のダクトから成り、該ダクトは筒要素の外側面が該流れチャンネルの表面 からある距離内の2つの実質上平行かつ平らな面と前記平行かつ平らな面に直角 な2つの接触面とにより形成されるように筒体材料により画成されており、該接 触面には溝等および/または該溝等の断面形状に実質的に類似の突出部等が設け られていることを特徴とする請求の範囲9に記載の循環式流動層反応装置。 12.該筒要素の1つの接触面には溝等が設けてあり、他の接触面には突出部 等が設けてあることを特徴とする請求の範囲10または11に記載の循環式流動 層反応装置。 13.筒要素の溝等と突出部等との断面は平行四辺形、半平行四辺形もしくは 円形、半円形もしくは三角形又はそれらの組み合わせである請求の範囲10また は11に記載の循環式流動層反応装置。 14.溝等は突出部等よりも大きいかまたは等しい断面領域を有する請求の範 囲10または11に記載の循環式流動層反応装置。 15.隣接し合う筒要素の対向する接触側面にはリセスが設けてあり、これら 筒要素は隣接状態の時筒体間にスペース74を形成し、しかして該筒体は前記ス ペースの形状に実質上倣う形状の棒部材等を該スペース74内に挿入することに より互いに取り付けられることを特徴とする請求の範囲9に記載の循環式流動層 反応装置。[Claims]   1. Provided with a plurality of tubular elements (36) mounted on each other to form a flat surface. The furnace superheater (24), characterized in that the tubular elements are mechanically joined to each other. ).   2. The superheater tube element has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional profile and the furnace overheating The container elements are joined to each other by a groove or the like and a protrusion or the like having a cross-sectional shape similar to that of the groove. The furnace superheater according to claim 1, wherein:   3. A preferably circular duct (37) in which one tubular element forms a flow channel 2), the duct being made of a tubular material (378) so that the outer surface of the tubular element is the flow channel. Front with two parallel and flat surfaces (374, 376) within a certain distance from the surface of the flannel Formed by two contact surfaces (380, 382) parallel to each other and perpendicular to the flat surface , The contact surface is provided with a groove or the like and / or a protrusion or the like substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the groove or the like. The furnace superheater according to claim 1, characterized in that   4. A groove or the like is provided on one side surface of the tubular element, and a fixed protrusion or the like is provided on the other side surface. The furnace superheater according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the furnace superheater is provided.   5. The cross section of the groove, etc. of the cylindrical element and the protruding part, etc. should be in the shape or combination state. Parallelogram, semi-parallelogram, circle, semi-circle or triangle or combination thereof The furnace superheater according to claim 2 or 3, wherein   6. The grooves etc. have a cross-sectional area that is equal to or larger than the protrusions etc. The furnace superheater according to claim 2 or 3.   7. The flat panel forming the superheater elements is less common in the circulating fluidized bed reactor furnace. The furnace superheater according to claim 1, wherein the furnace superheater is partially arranged.   8. Recesses are provided on the opposing contact surfaces of adjacent tubular elements so that the tubular elements are When arranged in contact with each other, a space 74 is formed between the cylinders, and the cylinders have the space 74. They are attached to each other by arranging rod members, etc. that substantially follow the shape in The furnace superheater according to claim 1, wherein:   9. A reaction chamber including a furnace superheater, and a solid content separator attached to the reaction chamber; A return duct connecting the solids separator to the reaction chamber, the evaporator surface and the circulating fluidized bed reactor. In a circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a steam superheater provided in the reactor of the reaction device, Superheater is a flat tube formed from multiple superheater tube elements mechanically joined together A circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a body panel.   10. The superheater tube element in the superheater of the reactor has a substantially square cross section, And, these superheater cylinder element grooves, etc. and projections etc. substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the grooves etc. 10. The circulating fluidized bed according to claim 9, wherein the fluidized beds are further joined to each other. Reactor.   11. The superheater tube elements in the reactor preferably form flow channels. Consists of a circular duct, the outer surface of the tubular element of which is the surface of the flow channel Two substantially parallel and flat surfaces within a distance from and perpendicular to said parallel and flat surfaces Is formed of a cylindrical material so as to be formed by two contact surfaces such as The contact surface is provided with a groove or the like and / or a protrusion or the like which is substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the groove or the like. The circulating fluidized bed reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that   12. A groove or the like is provided on one contact surface of the tubular element, and a protrusion is provided on the other contact surface. The circulation type flow according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that Layer reactor.   13. The cross section of the groove, etc. of the tubular element and the protruding part, etc., is a parallelogram, a semi-parallelogram or A circular shape, a semicircular shape, a triangular shape, or a combination thereof. Is a circulating fluidized bed reactor according to item 11.   14. The groove or the like has a cross-sectional area that is greater than or equal to the protrusion or the like. A circulating fluidized bed reactor according to item 10 or 11.   15. Recesses are provided on opposing contact sides of adjacent tubular elements. The tubular elements form a space 74 between the tubular bodies when they are in the adjoining state, so that the tubular bodies have the aforementioned space. By inserting a rod member or the like having a shape substantially following the shape of the pace into the space 74 The circulating fluidized bed according to claim 9, wherein the circulating fluidized beds are more attached to each other. Reactor.
JP8514333A 1994-10-28 1995-10-23 Furnace superheater and fluidized bed reactor equipped with furnace superheater Expired - Lifetime JP2919078B2 (en)

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FI945077 1994-10-28
FI945077A FI101323B1 (en) 1994-10-28 1994-10-28 Fireplace overheater and reactor with circulating bed with fireplace overheater
PCT/FI1995/000583 WO1996013690A1 (en) 1994-10-28 1995-10-23 Furnace superheater and a fluidized bed reactor provided with a furnace superheater

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