JPH0957254A - Bathroom water purification method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of water pollution and the problem of useless consumption of the water by recovering the waste water exhausted from a bath room, purifying the water by a purification method by reaction of photocatalysts and a purification method by membrane sepn. and discarding or recycling the water. SOLUTION: The purifying device constituted to prevent the water pollution in spite of recycling or releasing of the waste water contg. surfactants which are hardly decomposable materials is provided. Namely, this purifying device is equipped with a reaction vessel in which oxidation causes the decomposition of the surfactants by the photocatalysts to deactivate the surface active effect and simultaneously the smells and slime of the hot water are removed by sterilizing the hot water and a sepn. vessel which separates the hot water to the clean water to be discarded thereafter or to be recycled and the condensed waste liquid. Titanium dioxide is preferably used as the photocatalysts to be used in the reaction vessel and is used by a method of dispersing the titanium dioxide as a powder or granular form, a method of fabricating the titanium dioxide to a membrane, porous, fibrous or other forms or carrying the same in the article of such forms, a method of fabricating titanium dioxide to a honeycomb- or meshed articles, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a purification method for recycling water used in a bathroom.
More specifically, bathroom wastewater, which had been discharged to sewers and septic tanks until now, is irradiated with light in the presence of a photocatalyst to purify and sterilize it, thereby preventing pollution of the environment by recycling and using it as tap water. The present invention relates to a bathroom water purification method capable of significantly reducing the cost.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, various efforts have been made since the pursuit of purification of rivers and seas. Strict water quality restrictions are imposed on large amounts of wastewater such as industrial wastewater, which has been a problem, and corporate efforts are being made. There are many examples of improved water quality in rivers, although it is still inadequate due to its effects. In addition, sewers and septic tanks are becoming more widespread as living standards improve. As a result, domestic effluent that used to flow directly into the house can now be purified.

However, there has been a tendency for household wastewater to be wasted too easily after it has been drained too easily. In particular, there is a tendency for young people to demand excessive cleanliness, and the number of people who wash their bodies and hair frequently enough to create the coined word "morning Shan" is increasing. All of these effluents are discharged to the sewage and septic tanks as emulsion effluents containing surfactants, and this is putting a considerable load on sewage treatment plants and purification equipment. Moreover, it has become clear that the surfactants that cannot be purified and are discharged into the river precipitate without being decomposed, causing pollution of the river and the sea and causing red tides and water-blooms.

Further, although it has been considered various ways to recycle the water in the bathroom, all of them were based on the idea of how to keep the hot water in the bathtub clean and to use it without changing it. . However, while this can achieve the purpose of saving the trouble of cleaning the bath and saving water, it does not go one step further to recycling. In addition, in the conventional method, biological filtration with microorganisms is performed to purify the hot water in the bathtub, but if the bleaching agent is accidentally used or if it is not used for a long time, the microorganisms will be killed. There were difficulties specific to use. In addition, surfactants such as shampoo and soap are mixed in the wastewater other than hot water in the bathtub,
This field was untouched due to the problem that this decomposition is difficult.

In addition, the bath can be completed only with a shower,
Nowadays, when shampooing is frequently done, the amount of drained water is much larger than that of the water in the bathtub, which is discharged directly to the drain. The tendency increases as the number of people bathing increases. From the above, it is a well-known fact that household wastewater must take measures before the problems that it gives to the environment become serious, and that it is a well-known fact that water is a limited resource. It was quite natural that the recycling use in the future would be widely required in the future.

[0006]

In view of the above, the present invention has a problem of water pollution due to drainage in a bathroom and a problem of wasting water due to shower water, and the present invention aims to solve these problems. It is intended.

[0007]

The present invention has the following configuration to achieve the above object.

A method for purifying bathroom water, characterized in that waste water discharged from the bathroom is collected, purified, and discarded or recycled.

The present invention will be described in detail below.

What is most important in the present invention is that the apparatus for purifying purified water is compact so that the waste water in an emulsion state containing a surface-active agent which is a hardly decomposable substance can be recycled for reuse or is not polluted even if discharged. It is to be installed in. Therefore, the purification device in the present invention is a reaction tank for oxidatively decomposing a surfactant by a photocatalyst to lose the surface activity effect, and at the same time sterilized to remove the odor and slime of hot water, and thereafter to dispose or purify water to be recycled and used. It comprises a separation tank for separating the concentrated waste liquid to be discharged.

The concentrated waste liquid to be discharged means a small amount of fat, protein and the like which are discharged from the body.

The drainage from the bathroom in the present invention means not only the hot water in the bathtub but also all the drained water such as hair rinse water and rinse water for washing the body to the drainage port of the bathroom.
This greatly increases the amount of recycled water. The water to be treated is stored in the drain tank from the drain port, then sent to the purifying device and enters the reaction tank.

The photocatalyst used in the reaction tank includes titanium dioxide, tungsten trioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide,
Metal oxides such as strontium titanate, metal sulfides such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide and indium sulfide, metal selenides such as cadmium selenide and zinc selenide, metal phosphide such as germanium phosphide and indium phosphide Etc., and any known ones such as those carrying a metal and metal oxide such as platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, copper and iron on these photocatalysts. Of these, titanium dioxide is particularly preferable, and the reasons therefor include catalytic activity, safety, low cost, chemical stability, etc., but the invention is not limited thereto.

The photocatalyst may be used in any form. For example, a method of dispersing in powder form or granular form, a film form, a porous form,
Examples include, but are not limited to, a method of processing into a fibrous form or a method of supporting the fibrous form on the product, a method of forming a processed product in the form of a honeycomb or a mesh, and the like. Since the active surface area for the reaction can be large, the catalytic activity is highest in the powder form, but the fine particles are difficult to take out from the liquid and difficult to use. As a filter in that case, it is preferable to use an electret filter which electrically adsorbs fine particles to prevent passage thereof and keeps low pressure loss for passage of an aqueous solution.

The electret filter has different charges on the front and back sides and is in the form of a non-woven fabric, and has both the electric adsorption of fine particles, which is the effect of the electret, and the filter effect by the entanglement of the fibers, which is the effect of the non-woven fabric. The average fiber diameter of the fibers constituting the filter is preferably 30 μm or less, more preferably 20 μm or less if the particle diameter of the fine particles is about several μm.
Further, at a submicron-order level where the particle diameter is finer, the average fiber diameter of the fibers is preferably 3 μm or less, more preferably 2 μm or less. This means that the smaller the fiber diameter, the more the number of fibers per unit volume dramatically increases and the non-woven fabric becomes denser, and the rejection rate increases without changing the porosity, that is, there is no leakage of fine particles at a low flow rate and a large flow rate. This is because it contributes to high performance. In addition, a small fiber diameter results in a large specific surface area, and a large area for causing electric adsorption also improves the performance.

The basis weight for making the fiber into a non-woven fabric is 20 g /
It is preferably m ² or more and 50 g / m ² or less. If the basis weight is too small, the probability of contact between the fine particles to be captured and the fiber becomes low, leaks increase, and the rejection rate decreases. On the other hand, if the basis weight is too large, the flow of the aqueous solution is obstructed, the pressure loss is applied, and the permeation flow rate is reduced, which makes it difficult to use as it is in a target series of flow systems.

The method of filtering the sheet so that it can be incorporated into the apparatus is arbitrary. The easiest method is to attach resin, metal, or other frame so that it can be incorporated into the device, but the method is not limited to this. Further, of course, there is no problem even if a plurality of sheets are used by being piled up.
If the flow rate / flux is large and there is a problem with the sheet strength, there is no problem in using reinforcing measures such as attaching reinforcing sheets or attaching reinforcing materials such as wire mesh and plastic mesh.

This reaction tank requires a lamp that emits a light beam for exciting the photocatalyst. Any wavelength may be used as long as it includes a wavelength (visible and / or ultraviolet) that causes charge separation of the photocatalyst. For example, filament lamps such as incandescent lamps, mercury lamps, high-intensity discharge lamps such as xenon lamps, fluorescent lamps, black lights, fluorescent lamps such as germicidal lamps, artificial light sources such as laser light, or even the form of the device Sunlight can be used. Further, it is of course possible to simultaneously use an artificial light source as an auxiliary light source for sunlight.

Next, the treated liquid in which the surfactant has been decomposed and sterilized is separated into purified water to be returned to the purified water tank for recycling and reuse and concentrated waste liquid to be discharged in a separation tank. Known materials and methods are used for the separation tank. Examples include, but are not limited to, a floating separation method, a pressure separation method, a centrifugal separation method, a coarse particle separation method using a coalescer, an adsorption method using an oil adsorbent, and a membrane separation method. However, the membrane separation method is preferable in consideration of the large flow rate and the processing accuracy in removing fragments of dead bacteria in the reaction tank. The separation membrane may be any commonly known membrane, but it is easy to systemize without the need for a pressure device for water passage, and it is an ultrafiltration membrane or a membrane that allows water to pass but not particulates or oil. Precision filtration membranes are preferred. The pore size is preferably 1 nm or more and 10 μm or less, more preferably 1 nm or more and 1 μm or less. If the pore size is too small, the water pressure loss will be large, and the clogging of the membrane will also increase, and if it is too large, leakage of impurities will be observed, so the above range is preferred. The form of the membrane may be any of commonly used flat membranes, spiral membranes, hollow fiber membranes, pleated membranes, etc., but it is possible to increase the filtration area with a compact device and to have good backwashability. Hollow fiber membranes are preferred because they are suitable for use as filtration membranes or precision filtration membranes.

The material is not particularly limited as long as it can be molded into a hollow fiber membrane. For example, known polymer materials such as cellulose-based, polyamide-based, polysulfone-based, polyolefin-based and polyacrylonitrile may be mentioned. The material can be appropriately selected according to the requirements for use, and for example, polyacrylonitrile can be selected if high strength is required, and polyolefin series can be selected if high hydrophobicity is desired.

There is no problem in accommodating the system of the present invention with the functionality for normal bath room temperature water specifications. It consists of at least parts such as a purifier, a water purification tank, a drainage tank, and a pump unit, and the basic function is that it can be designed so that room temperature water or hot water can be taken out from the water purification tank. However, it is preferable that the amount of water supplied to the reaction tank be controlled in order to constantly and accurately treat the wastewater and to reuse the treated water conveniently, and it is even more preferable if the temperature of the treated water can be adjusted. From
It is more preferable to include a compressor, a boiler, etc., and to have a control unit for adjusting them. Also,
Of course, it is preferable to combine a pretreatment which is effective for this purpose, such as a filter for removing hair and other large dusts or the addition of an antifoaming agent.

There are no particular restrictions on the application location of the method or apparatus of the present invention. Any place is acceptable as long as it can be installed. One device of the present invention may be attached to each bathroom, and if it is an apartment house such as a condominium, it is possible to carry out aggregation processing with a large device.

Examples are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0024]

【Example】

Example 1 Commercially available shampoo (trade name "Botanical story" manufactured by Lion Corporation)
Of 1 liter of drainage (surface tension 23 dyn / cm), which was obtained by actually washing the head of a person with 5 ml (for one person), take 200 ml, put it in a 200 ml quartz beaker, and add 0.02 g there.
Titanium dioxide powder (MC-90: manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was added, and stirring was continued while suspending, and a 500 W high-pressure mercury lamp was irradiated from above the water surface 20 cm for 3 hours. afterwards,
The treated water filtered through the electret filter and filtered with titanium dioxide powder was passed through the hollow fiber module by a pump. The module is about 20 cm long and has an outer diameter of 50.
A bundle of 400 polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membranes having a diameter of 0 μm, an inner diameter of 380 μm, and a pore diameter of 5 μm was bundled and used by passing water with an external pressure type (permeated water amount: 0.16 m ³ / m ² / h / K
g). The surface tension of the treated water coming out through the membrane surface was measured, and as a result, the surface tension was improved to 50 dyn / cm.

The treated water was used as it was, and a detergent was added to wash the hair again, but it was possible to wash the hair sufficiently without any problems.

Example 2 100 ml of hair-washing wastewater used in Example 1 and bath (for one person)
100 ml of hot water remaining in the subsequent bath (standard size) was mixed to create a simulated bathroom drainage, and a small amount was sampled to measure the viable cell count by the culture method. Also, the treated water obtained by treating the simulated wastewater with titanium dioxide in the same manner as in Example 1 and passing through the hollow fiber membrane module, and similarly measuring the viable cell count, showed about 10,000 to 4 cells / ml. Drastically decreased.

From this result, the water purified and sterilized by using the photocatalytic bathroom wastewater purification system can be reused again as shower water and the like, and it is possible to cope with environmental problems and to effectively use water. It proved to be very effective as a measure.

[0028]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, it has become possible to precisely purify and sterilize the wastewater discharged from the sewage or the septic tank as it is until now, and dispose or recycle it.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication C02F 1/58 C02F 1/58 C

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A method for purifying bathroom water, characterized in that wastewater discharged from a bathroom is collected, purified, and then discarded or recycled. 2. The bathroom water purification method according to claim 1, wherein the purification method is a photocatalytic reaction. 3. The bathroom water purification method according to claim 2, wherein the photocatalyst is titanium dioxide. 4. The method for purifying bathroom water according to claim 2, wherein the photocatalyst is used in the form of powder or particles dispersed in water. 5. The method for purifying bathroom water according to claim 2, wherein the photocatalyst has a film shape, a porous shape, a fibrous shape, a honeycomb or a mesh. 6. The bathroom water purification method according to claim 2, wherein a lamp that emits a light beam for exciting the reaction by the photocatalyst is used. 7. The method for purifying bathroom water according to claim 1, wherein the purification method includes a separation tank by membrane separation. 8. The oil-water separation method according to claim 7, wherein the membrane used for the membrane separation is a hollow fiber membrane. 9. An apparatus using the purification method according to claim 1.