JPH0959653A - Oven and method for gasifying organic waste - Google Patents
Oven and method for gasifying organic wasteInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0959653A JPH0959653A JP21176795A JP21176795A JPH0959653A JP H0959653 A JPH0959653 A JP H0959653A JP 21176795 A JP21176795 A JP 21176795A JP 21176795 A JP21176795 A JP 21176795A JP H0959653 A JPH0959653 A JP H0959653A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- gasification
- organic waste
- gasification furnace
- gasifying agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は廃タイヤ、廃プラス
チックスなどの有機系廃棄物をガス化するためのガス化
炉及びそれを用いた有機系廃棄物のガス化方法、特に有
機系廃棄物を原料としてカーボンブラックを製造するプ
ロセスにおけるガス化装置として好適な有機系廃棄物の
ガス化炉及びそれを用いた有機系廃棄物のガス化方法に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gasification furnace for gasifying organic waste such as waste tires and waste plastics, and a method for gasifying organic waste using the same, particularly organic waste. The present invention relates to an organic waste gasification furnace suitable as a gasifier in a process for producing carbon black using as a raw material and an organic waste gasification method using the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の廃タイヤ、廃プラスチックスなど
の有機系廃棄物をガス化するための固定床ガス化炉の１
例を図２に示す。図２の固定床ガス化炉０１において、
上部より供給される有機系廃棄物０２は、下部の残渣中
の固定炭素の部分燃焼により発生した熱により揮発分が
熱分解、ガス化され、固定炭素を主成分とする残渣０３
となる。残渣０３中の固定炭素は、バルブ０４を経て目
皿０５の下部に供給される酸素含有ガスと水蒸気を混合
したガス化剤０６により部分燃焼、ガス化すると共に、
揮発分が熱分解するのに必要な熱を供給する。揮発分が
熱分解、ガス化したガスと固定炭素がガス化したガスは
合流し、有機系廃棄物ガス化ガス０７として取り出され
る。このときの反応は次の式（１）、（２）及び（３）
のとおりである。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional fixed bed gasification furnace for gasifying organic waste such as waste tires and waste plastics.
An example is shown in FIG. In the fixed bed gasifier 01 of FIG.
In the organic waste 02 supplied from the upper part, the volatile components are thermally decomposed and gasified by the heat generated by the partial combustion of the fixed carbon in the lower residue, and the residue 03 containing the fixed carbon as a main component 03.
Becomes The fixed carbon in the residue 03 is partially combusted and gasified by the gasifying agent 06, which is a mixture of oxygen-containing gas and steam supplied to the lower part of the plate 05 via the valve 04, and
It supplies the heat required for the volatile matter to undergo thermal decomposition. The gas in which volatile components are thermally decomposed and gasified and the gas in which fixed carbon is gas are combined and taken out as an organic waste gasification gas 07. The reaction at this time is represented by the following equations (1), (2) and (3)
It is as follows.
【０００３】[0003]
【化１】 Ｃ＋Ｏ2 → ＣＯ＋ＣＯ2 ＋Ｑ1 （発熱） （１） （固定炭素の部分燃焼、ガス化による反応熱の供給） Ｃ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ → ＣＯ＋Ｈ2 −Ｑ3 （吸熱） （２） （固定炭素と水蒸気との反応によるガス化） Ｃn Ｈm → Ｃn1Ｈm1−Ｑ2 （吸熱） （３） （ｎ＞ｎ1 ，ｍ＞ｍ1 ） （揮発分の熱分解、ガス化）[Chemical formula 1] C + O 2 → CO + CO 2 + Q 1 (heat generation) (1) (Partial combustion of fixed carbon, supply of reaction heat by gasification) C + H 2 O → CO + H 2 -Q 3 (endotherm) (2) (fixed carbon gasification by reaction with steam) C n H m → C n1 H m1 -Q 2 ( endothermic) (3) (n> n1 , m> m1) ( volatiles pyrolysis, gasification)
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】有機系廃棄物のガス化
ガスをカーボンブラックの原料として使用する場合、ガ
ス化炉から発生するガスをカーボン生成燃焼炉に導き、
低酸素状態で燃焼させ、カーボンブラックを生成させ
る。このとき、低分子成分のガスは主として酸素と反応
して燃焼し、高温場を形成する。そして高分子炭化水素
ガスは高温場で脱水素、重縮合を繰り返しながら成長し
カーボンブラックとなる。従って、カーボンブラックの
歩留りを高くするためには原料中の固定炭素の一部をガ
ス化剤と反応させ、その熱で原料中の揮発分熱分解・ガ
ス化することによってナフタレン（Ｃ 10Ｈ8 ）やアント
ラセン（Ｃ14Ｈ10）などの芳香族炭化水素を含む高分子
炭化水素ガスを多く発生させる必要がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Gasification of organic waste
When using gas as a raw material for carbon black,
The gas generated from the gasification furnace is introduced to the carbon-producing combustion furnace,
Combustion in low oxygen conditions to produce carbon black
You. At this time, the gas of low molecular components mainly reacts with oxygen.
Then, it burns and forms a high temperature field. And high molecular hydrocarbons
The gas grows by repeating dehydrogenation and polycondensation at high temperature.
It becomes carbon black. Therefore, of carbon black
In order to increase the yield, some of the fixed carbon in the raw material is
Reacts with the sooting agent, and the heat of the reaction decomposes and decomposes volatile components in the raw material.
Naphthalene (C TenH8) Or Ant
Spiral (C14HTenPolymers containing aromatic hydrocarbons such as
It is necessary to generate a large amount of hydrocarbon gas.
【０００５】ところが、図２のようなガス化炉で有機系
廃棄物のガス化を行うと（廃タイヤの場合、特に）、揮
発分のガス化から固定炭素燃焼の過程で粒子のかさ比重
が極端に減少すると共に、粒子が分裂、細粒化し浮遊・
流動化しやすい状態となり、固定床のバランスが崩れて
廃棄物と固定炭素が混在する層を形成する。揮発分の反
応速度は固定炭素の反応速度より大きいことから、廃棄
物と固定炭素の混在状態では揮発分が先にガス化剤と反
応して酸素を消費し、固定炭素がガス化するが、固定炭
素のガス化ガスはＣＯを主体とする低分子成分であり、
カーボンブラックの原料とはなり得ないのでカーボンブ
ラックの収率が低下してしまう。However, when the organic waste is gasified in a gasification furnace as shown in FIG. 2 (especially in the case of waste tires), the bulk specific gravity of particles is changed from the gasification of volatile matter to the fixed carbon combustion. The number of particles is extremely reduced, and the particles are fragmented, finely divided, and suspended.
It becomes easily fluidized and the fixed bed is out of balance, forming a layer in which waste and fixed carbon are mixed. Since the reaction rate of volatile matter is higher than that of fixed carbon, in the mixed state of waste and fixed carbon, the volatile matter first reacts with the gasifying agent to consume oxygen and the fixed carbon is gasified. The gasification gas of fixed carbon is a low molecular component mainly composed of CO,
Since it cannot be used as a raw material for carbon black, the yield of carbon black is reduced.
【０００６】本発明はこのような従来技術における問題
点を解決し、廃タイヤなどの有機系廃棄物中の揮発分を
安定して熱分解・ガス化することができ、カーボンブラ
ックの製造用原料として好適な高分子炭化水素を多量に
発生させることができる有機系廃棄物のガス化炉及びそ
れを用いた有機系廃棄物のガス化方法を提供することを
目的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and enables stable thermal decomposition and gasification of volatile components in organic waste such as waste tires, and is a raw material for the production of carbon black. It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic waste gasification furnace capable of producing a large amount of high-molecular hydrocarbons suitable for the above, and an organic waste gasification method using the same.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のガス化炉は、
（１）有機系廃棄物を投入し、ガス化剤を供給してガス
化するガス化炉において、炉内を火格子を挟んで上下２
室に分割し、上部を原料を供給し主として原料中の揮発
分を固定床でガス化させるＡ室とし、下部をＡ室で揮発
分の大部分がガス化されて残った固定炭素を主成分とす
る残渣を導入し、ガス化炉底部のガス化剤供給管から供
給されるガス化剤により流動床を形成させて燃焼又はガ
ス化させるＢ室とし、Ｂ室で発生した燃焼又はガス化ガ
スをＡ室に導いてガス化の熱源として使用するように
し、発生したガス化ガスはガス化炉上部に設けられたガ
ス化ガス排出ダクトから排出するように構成してなるこ
とを特徴とする有機系廃棄物のガス化炉、（２）前記Ａ
室で生成する残渣をＢ室に導入する手段として、Ａ室底
部に配設された火格子を振動及び／又は回転させる手段
を設けてなることを特徴とする前記（１）の有機系廃棄
物のガス化炉、（３）前記ガス化剤供給管に分岐管を設
け、ガス化剤の一部をＢ室上部に供給できるように構成
してなることを特徴とする前記（１）又は（２）の有機
系廃棄物のガス化炉、（４）前記ガス化ガス排出ダクト
にサイクロンを配設し、サイクロンで捕集された残渣を
Ｂ室に戻す残渣搬送管を設けてなることを特徴とする前
記（１）〜（３）のいずれかの有機系廃棄物のガス化
炉、である。The gasification furnace of the present invention comprises:
(1) In a gasification furnace in which an organic waste is charged and a gasifying agent is supplied to gasify, the upper and lower parts of the furnace are sandwiched by a grate.
It is divided into chambers, the upper part is the A chamber where the raw material is supplied and the volatile matter in the raw material is mainly gasified in the fixed bed, and the lower part is the fixed carbon that remains after the majority of the volatile components are gasified in the A chamber. The residue of the gas is introduced into the chamber B to form a fluidized bed by the gasifying agent supplied from the gasifying agent supply pipe at the bottom of the gasification furnace to combust or gasify, and the combustion or gasification gas generated in the chamber B is generated. To the chamber A to be used as a heat source for gasification, and the generated gasification gas is discharged from a gasification gas discharge duct provided in the upper part of the gasification furnace. Gasification furnace for system waste, (2) A
As a means for introducing the residue produced in the chamber into the chamber B, a means for vibrating and / or rotating a grate arranged at the bottom of the chamber A is provided, and the organic waste according to (1) above. (3) A branch pipe is provided in the gasifying agent supply pipe so that a part of the gasifying agent can be supplied to the upper part of the chamber B. (1) or ( A gasification furnace for organic waste according to 2), and (4) a cyclone is provided in the gasification gas discharge duct, and a residue transport pipe for returning the residue collected by the cyclone to the chamber B is provided. The gasifier for organic waste according to any one of (1) to (3) above.
【０００８】本発明のガス化方法は、（５）ガス化炉内
に有機系廃棄物を投入し、ガス化剤を供給してガス化す
る有機系廃棄物のガス化方法において、炉内を火格子を
挟んで上部Ａ室と下部Ｂ室とに分割されたガス化炉を使
用し、Ａ室に原料を供給して主として原料中の揮発分を
固定床によりガス化させ、発生したガス化ガスはガス化
炉上部に設けられたガス化ガス排出ダクトから排出する
ようにし、Ａ室で揮発分の大部分がガス化されて残った
固定炭素を主成分とする残渣は火格子を通してＢ室に導
入し、ガス化炉底部のガス化剤供給管から供給されるガ
ス化剤により流動床を形成させて燃焼又はガス化させ、
前記ガス化剤供給管に分岐管を設けてガス化剤の一部を
Ｂ室上部に供給するようにし、その流量を制御すること
によって、流動床の流動化を抑制すると共に流動床の温
度及び層高を制御するようにし、Ｂ室で発生する燃焼又
はガス化ガスをＡ室に導入して熱源として使用すること
を特徴とする有機系廃棄物のガス化方法、である。The gasification method of the present invention comprises (5) a method for gasifying an organic waste in which the organic waste is put into the gasification furnace and gasified by supplying a gasifying agent. Using a gasification furnace divided into an upper chamber A and a lower chamber B with a grate sandwiched between them, the raw material is supplied to the chamber A to mainly gasify volatile components in the raw material by a fixed bed, and the generated gasification The gas is discharged from a gasification gas discharge duct provided in the upper part of the gasification furnace, and most of the volatile matter remaining in the chamber A is gasified and the residue containing fixed carbon as a main component is passed through the grate to the chamber B. Introduced into, the fluidized bed is formed by the gasifying agent supplied from the gasifying agent supply pipe at the bottom of the gasification furnace to burn or gasify
A branch pipe is provided in the gasifying agent supply pipe so that a part of the gasifying agent is supplied to the upper part of the chamber B, and the flow rate thereof is controlled to suppress fluidization of the fluidized bed and to control the temperature of the fluidized bed. A method for gasifying organic waste, characterized in that the bed height is controlled and the combustion or gasification gas generated in the chamber B is introduced into the chamber A and used as a heat source.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明のガス化炉により有機系廃
棄物のガス化を行う場合、ガス化炉上部から供給される
原料（有機系廃棄物）はＡ室において下部の残渣中の固
定炭素の部分燃焼により発生する熱により主として揮発
分が熱分解・ガス化してガス化ガスを発生すると共に固
定炭素を主成分とする残渣となる。この残渣は熱分解・
ガス化の過程で細粒化し、所定の粒子径以下となって、
Ａ室底部に設けられたスリット又は多孔板で構成される
火格子を通過して落下しＢ室に導入される。Ｂ室に導入
された残渣は、部分燃焼によりさらに細粒化し、Ｂ室底
部の目皿を通して供給されるガス化剤（例えば酸素又は
空気と水蒸気との混合ガス）により流動床状態で部分燃
焼又はガス化する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION When the organic waste is gasified by the gasification furnace of the present invention, the raw material (organic waste) supplied from the upper part of the gasification furnace is fixed in the residue in the lower part in the chamber A. Due to the heat generated by the partial combustion of carbon, the volatile components are mainly thermally decomposed and gasified to generate a gasified gas, and at the same time, it becomes a residue containing fixed carbon as a main component. This residue is pyrolyzed
In the process of gasification, it becomes finer particles, and the particle size becomes less than the specified particle size.
It passes through a grate composed of a slit or a perforated plate provided at the bottom of the A chamber and falls into the B chamber. The residue introduced into the chamber B is further comminuted by partial combustion, and is partially combusted in a fluidized bed state by a gasifying agent (for example, oxygen or a mixed gas of air and steam) supplied through a mesh plate at the bottom of the chamber B. Gasify.
【００１０】Ａ室内の火格子上の残渣の層高を制御する
手段、すなわちＡ室の残渣をＢ室に導く手段として火格
子を振動及び／又は回転させる手段（例えば揺動装置）
を設けるのが好ましい。揺動の強度及び周期を適正化す
ることにより、Ａ室内で残渣が流動化しないような残渣
の層高を維持するととに、火格子の目詰まりを防止する
ことができる。また、揺動と同時に火格子をガス化炉軸
心で回転させることによりＡ室内での残渣の層高の均一
化とともに、Ｂ室で発生する熱ガスを均一にＡ室に導
き、片燃え現象を防止することができる。Means for controlling the layer height of the residue on the grate in the A chamber, that is, means for vibrating and / or rotating the grate as a means for guiding the residue in the A chamber to the B chamber (for example, an oscillating device)
Is preferably provided. By optimizing the strength and cycle of the rocking, it is possible to maintain the bed height of the residue so that the residue does not fluidize in the chamber A and prevent the clogging of the grate. Also, by rotating the grate around the gasification furnace axis at the same time as rocking, the bed height of the residue in the A chamber is made uniform, and the hot gas generated in the B chamber is uniformly guided to the A chamber, causing a one-sided combustion phenomenon. Can be prevented.
【００１１】カーボンブラックの収率を高くするために
は芳香族系炭化水素を含む高分子炭化水素ガスを多く発
生させることが必要である。そのための揮発分の熱分解
温度は５００〜７００℃が適正範囲である。この温度は
主としてＢ室で発生した熱ガスの温度に依存するのでＢ
室からＡ室へ送られる熱ガスの温度は８００〜１２００
℃の範囲となるように制御する。In order to increase the yield of carbon black, it is necessary to generate a large amount of polymer hydrocarbon gas containing aromatic hydrocarbons. The proper range for the thermal decomposition temperature of the volatile components is 500 to 700 ° C. Since this temperature mainly depends on the temperature of the hot gas generated in the B chamber, B
The temperature of the hot gas sent from room A to room A is 800 to 1200.
Control so that the temperature is in the range of ° C.
【００１２】Ｂ室底部の目皿を通して供給するガス化剤
はＢ室内の残渣がＡ室へキャリオーバしないように適正
な流動状態を維持するとともに流動床の温度を前記範囲
内に維持できるガス量に抑え、それ以外の部分燃焼、熱
分解に必要なガス化剤は分岐管を経由してＢ室上部に供
給する。The gasifying agent supplied through the perforated plate at the bottom of the chamber B maintains a proper fluidized state so that the residue in the chamber B does not carry over to the chamber A, and has a gas amount that can maintain the temperature of the fluidized bed within the above range. The other gasification agents required for partial combustion and thermal decomposition are supplied to the upper part of chamber B via a branch pipe.
【００１３】ガス化炉で発生したガス化ガス中には、通
常、ガス化炉をキャリオーバした微細な残渣が含まれて
いる。そのため、ガス化炉上部に接続したガス化ガス排
出ダクトにサイクロンを設けてガス化ガス中の残渣を分
離し、分離した残渣は搬送管を介してＢ室内の固定炭素
部分燃焼域に循環供給することによりガス化収率を高め
ることができる。The gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace usually contains fine residues carried over from the gasification furnace. Therefore, a cyclone is provided in the gasification gas discharge duct connected to the upper part of the gasification furnace to separate the residue in the gasification gas, and the separated residue is circulated and supplied to the fixed carbon partial combustion zone in the B chamber via the transfer pipe. As a result, the gasification yield can be increased.
【００１４】本発明のガス化炉及びそれを用いた有機系
廃棄物のガス化方法は、有機系廃棄物（特に廃タイヤ）
を原料としてカーボンブラックを製造するプロセスにお
けるガス化炉として好適なものであるが、有機系廃棄物
や石炭をガス化し、燃料油や可燃性ガスなどを回収する
ためのガス化炉としても好適である。The gasification furnace and the method for gasifying organic waste using the same according to the present invention are applicable to organic waste (particularly waste tires).
It is suitable as a gasification furnace in the process of producing carbon black using as a raw material, but it is also suitable as a gasification furnace for gasifying organic waste or coal and recovering fuel oil or combustible gas. is there.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説
明する。 （実施例）図１は本発明の有機系廃棄物ガス化炉の１例
を示す概念図である。このガス化炉は有機系廃棄物であ
る廃タイヤをガス化するためのものであって、ガス化炉
１は風箱２２の部分を除き火格子３を介して上部のＡ室
２０と下部のＢ室２１に上下２分割されている。Ｂ室２
１下部には目皿２が設けられており、目皿２の下部には
バルブ７を介してガス化剤供給管１６から酸素と水蒸気
の混合ガスなどのガス化剤６が供給される。また、ガス
化剤６の一部はバルブ７を介してガス化剤供給分岐管１
７からＢ室２１の上部に供給される。The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. (Example) FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an organic waste gasification furnace of the present invention. This gasification furnace is for gasifying waste tires which are organic wastes, and the gasification furnace 1 except the part of the wind box 22 has an upper A chamber 20 and a lower part through a grate 3. The room B is divided into two parts, upper and lower. Room B 2
A perforated plate 2 is provided in the lower part of the first unit, and a gasified agent 6 such as a mixed gas of oxygen and steam is supplied to the lower part of the perforated plate 2 from a gasifying agent supply pipe 16 via a valve 7. Further, a part of the gasifying agent 6 is supplied via the valve 7 to the gasifying agent supply branch pipe 1
7 is supplied to the upper part of the B chamber 21.
【００１６】ガス化炉内をＡ室２０とＢ室２１とに分割
する火格子３には、火格子３を揺動、振動させるととも
に緩やかに回転させる機能を有する揺動装置１１が接続
されており、ガス化炉の操作条件に応じて揺動、振動の
強度、回転速度などを任意に制御できるようになってい
る。To the grate 3 which divides the inside of the gasification furnace into an A chamber 20 and a B chamber 21, a rocking device 11 having a function of rocking and vibrating the grate 3 and gently rotating is connected. The oscillation, the intensity of vibration, the rotation speed, etc. can be arbitrarily controlled according to the operating conditions of the gasification furnace.
【００１７】この有機系廃棄物ガス化炉１を使用して有
機系廃棄物の代表例の一つである廃タイヤ（揮発分７０
％、固定炭素３０％）のガス化試験を行った。チップ状
に切断された廃タイヤ（有機系廃棄物）５はフィーダ４
を介して投入口１４からＡ室２０に供給され、火格子３
の上に廃タイヤの層を形成する。そして廃タイヤ層の上
部の揮発分熱分解域１２で揮発分が熱分解、ガス化し、
固定炭素を主成分とする残渣１５が下方に移動する。Using this organic waste gasification furnace 1, a waste tire (volatile matter 70, which is one of the typical examples of organic waste)
%, Fixed carbon 30%). The waste tire (organic waste) 5 cut into chips is fed by the feeder 4.
Is supplied to the A chamber 20 through the charging port 14 through the grate 3
A layer of waste tire is formed on top of. Then, in the volatile matter thermal decomposition area 12 above the waste tire layer, the volatile matter is thermally decomposed and gasified,
The residue 15 mainly composed of fixed carbon moves downward.
【００１８】この残渣１５は熱分解、ガス化の過程で細
粒化し、一定の大きさ以下のものが所定の大きさのスリ
ットまたは孔を有するスリット板又は多孔板で構成され
る火格子３を通ってＢ室２１に導入される。Ｂ室２１内
に導入された残渣１５は、Ｂ室２１底部の目皿２を通し
て供給されるガス化剤６によって流動床を形成し、目皿
２及びガス化剤供給分岐管１７から供給されるガス化剤
６により固定炭素部分燃焼域１３で部分燃焼し、ガス化
する。目皿２を通して供給されるガス化剤６とガス化剤
供給分岐管１７から供給されるガス化剤６との割合は固
定炭素部分燃焼域１３の温度を適正温度範囲（８００〜
１２００℃）内に抑えるとともにＢ室２１内の残渣１５
がＡ室２０へキャリオーバしないように制御する。The residue 15 is finely granulated in the process of pyrolysis and gasification, and a grate 3 having a size smaller than a predetermined size is formed of a slit plate or a perforated plate having slits or holes of a predetermined size. It is introduced through the B room 21. The residue 15 introduced into the B chamber 21 forms a fluidized bed by the gasifying agent 6 supplied through the eye plate 2 at the bottom of the B chamber 21, and is supplied from the eye plate 2 and the gasifying agent supply branch pipe 17. The gasifying agent 6 partially burns in the fixed carbon partial combustion zone 13 to gasify it. The ratio of the gasifying agent 6 supplied through the plate 2 to the gasifying agent 6 supplied from the gasifying agent supply branch pipe 17 is set such that the temperature of the fixed carbon partial combustion zone 13 is within an appropriate temperature range (800 to
(1,200 ° C.) and 15 residues in chamber B 21
Is controlled so as not to carry over to the A room 20.
【００１９】ガス化炉１内で発生したガス化ガスはガス
化ガス排出ダクト８からサイクロン９に入り、ガスに随
伴する微細残渣を分離捕集されたのち、後続のカーボン
ブラック製造設備等（図示せず）に供給される。サイク
ロン９で分離捕集された微細残渣は残渣搬送管１０を通
ってＢ室２１内の固定炭素部分燃焼域１３に循環供給さ
れる。The gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace 1 enters the cyclone 9 from the gasification gas discharge duct 8 and the fine residue accompanying the gas is separated and collected, followed by the subsequent carbon black production facility (Fig. (Not shown). The fine residue separated and collected by the cyclone 9 is circulated and supplied to the fixed carbon partial combustion zone 13 in the B chamber 21 through the residue transfer pipe 10.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】本発明の有機系廃棄物のガス化炉及びそ
れを用いたガス化法によれば、廃タイヤなどの有機系廃
棄物中の揮発分を安定した状態で熱分解、ガス化できる
ので、性状の安定した高分子炭化水素ガスを多量に発生
させることが可能となる。本発明によって得られる高分
子炭化水素ガスを高濃度で含むガス化ガスは、カーボン
ブラックの製造用原料として特に好適である。According to the gasification furnace for organic waste and the gasification method using the same of the present invention, the volatile components in the organic waste such as waste tires are pyrolyzed and gasified in a stable state. Therefore, it becomes possible to generate a large amount of polymer hydrocarbon gas having stable properties. The gasification gas containing the high molecular hydrocarbon gas obtained by the present invention in a high concentration is particularly suitable as a raw material for producing carbon black.
【図１】本発明の有機系廃棄物ガス化炉の１例を示す概
念図。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an organic waste gasification furnace of the present invention.
【図２】従来の有機系廃棄物ガス化炉の１例を示す概念
図。FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a conventional organic waste gasification furnace.
Claims (5)
してガス化するガス化炉において、炉内を火格子を挟ん
で上下２室に分割し、上部を原料を供給し主として原料
中の揮発分を固定床でガス化させるＡ室とし、下部をＡ
室で揮発分の大部分がガス化されて残った固定炭素を主
成分とする残渣を導入し、ガス化炉底部のガス化剤供給
管から供給されるガス化剤により流動床を形成させて燃
焼又はガス化させるＢ室とし、Ｂ室で発生した燃焼又は
ガス化ガスをＡ室に導いてガス化の熱源として使用する
ようにし、発生したガス化ガスはガス化炉上部に設けら
れたガス化ガス排出ダクトから排出するように構成して
なることを特徴とする有機系廃棄物のガス化炉。1. In a gasification furnace in which organic waste is charged and a gasifying agent is supplied to gasify, the inside of the furnace is divided into two upper and lower chambers with a grate between them, and the upper portion is mainly supplied with raw materials. Room A is used to gasify the volatile components in the raw material in a fixed bed, and the lower part is A
Most of the volatiles were gasified in the chamber and the residue containing fixed carbon as the main component was introduced to form a fluidized bed with the gasifying agent supplied from the gasifying agent supply pipe at the bottom of the gasification furnace. The B chamber for combustion or gasification is used, and the combustion or gasification gas generated in the B chamber is guided to the A chamber and used as a heat source for gasification. The generated gasification gas is a gas provided in the upper part of the gasification furnace. A gasification furnace for organic waste, which is configured to be discharged from a gasification gas discharge duct.
る手段として、Ａ室底部に配設された火格子を振動及び
／又は回転させる手段を設けてなることを特徴とする請
求項１に記載の有機系廃棄物のガス化炉。2. A means for vibrating and / or rotating a grate arranged at the bottom of the chamber A is provided as a means for introducing the residue produced in the chamber A into the chamber B. 1. A gasifier for organic waste according to 1.
ス化剤の一部をＢ室上部に供給できるように構成してな
ることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の有機系廃棄
物のガス化炉。3. The organic compound according to claim 1, wherein the gasifying agent supply pipe is provided with a branch pipe so that a part of the gasifying agent can be supplied to the upper part of the chamber B. System waste gasification furnace.
を配設し、サイクロンで捕集された残渣をＢ室に戻す残
渣搬送管を設けてなることを特徴とする請求項１〜３の
いずれかに記載の有機系廃棄物のガス化炉。4. A cyclone is arranged in the gasification gas discharge duct, and a residue carrying pipe for returning the residue collected by the cyclone to the chamber B is provided. Gasification furnace for organic waste according to.
ス化剤を供給してガス化する有機系廃棄物のガス化方法
において、炉内を火格子を挟んで上部Ａ室と下部Ｂ室と
に分割されたガス化炉を使用し、Ａ室に原料を供給して
主として原料中の揮発分を固定床によりガス化させ、発
生したガス化ガスはガス化炉上部に設けられたガス化ガ
ス排出ダクトから排出するようにし、Ａ室で揮発分の大
部分がガス化されて残った固定炭素を主成分とする残渣
は火格子を通してＢ室に導入し、ガス化炉底部のガス化
剤供給管から供給されるガス化剤により流動床を形成さ
せて燃焼又はガス化させ、前記ガス化剤供給管に分岐管
を設けてガス化剤の一部をＢ室上部に供給するように
し、その流量を制御することによって、流動床の流動化
を抑制すると共に流動床の温度及び層高を制御するよう
にし、Ｂ室で発生する燃焼又はガス化ガスをＡ室に導入
して熱源として使用することを特徴とする有機系廃棄物
のガス化方法。5. A method for gasifying organic waste, which comprises introducing organic waste into a gasification furnace and supplying a gasifying agent to gasify the same, wherein a furnace is provided with an upper chamber A across a grate. A gasification furnace divided into a lower B chamber is used, and the raw material is supplied to the A chamber to mainly gasify volatile components in the raw material by a fixed bed, and the generated gasification gas is provided in the upper part of the gasification furnace. The residue containing mainly fixed carbon remaining after gasification of most of the volatile components in chamber A was introduced into chamber B through the grate and was discharged from the gasification furnace at the bottom of the gasification furnace. A fluidized bed is formed by the gasifying agent supplied from the gasifying agent supply pipe for combustion or gasification, and a branch pipe is provided in the gasifying agent supply pipe to supply a part of the gasifying agent to the upper part of chamber B. By controlling the flow rate of the fluidized bed A method for gasifying organic waste, which comprises controlling a bed temperature and a bed height and introducing a combustion or gasification gas generated in a chamber B into a chamber A to be used as a heat source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21176795A JP3572121B2 (en) | 1995-08-21 | 1995-08-21 | Gasification furnace and gasification method for organic waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21176795A JP3572121B2 (en) | 1995-08-21 | 1995-08-21 | Gasification furnace and gasification method for organic waste |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0959653A true JPH0959653A (en) | 1997-03-04 |
| JP3572121B2 JP3572121B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=16611254
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21176795A Expired - Fee Related JP3572121B2 (en) | 1995-08-21 | 1995-08-21 | Gasification furnace and gasification method for organic waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3572121B2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0768345A3 (en) * | 1995-10-09 | 1999-03-03 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing carbon black from a waste tire and apparatus therefor |
| JPWO2008050727A1 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2010-02-25 | 学校法人長崎総合科学大学 | Biomass gasifier |
| KR100952609B1 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2010-04-15 | 한국기계연구원 | Up and down draft type combined gasifier |
| JP2011522084A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2011-07-28 | ボソン・エナジー・ソシエテ・アノニム | Two-stage high-temperature preheating steam gasifier |
| CN104629806A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-20 | 南京工业大学 | Whole tire gasification device and method for waste tire |
| CN109385308A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-26 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of the double bed electricity generation system and method for coal-fired coupling domestic garbage pyrolysis |
| WO2023208349A1 (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-02 | Schlaeffer Patrick | Device and method for the pyrolysis of fuel |
-
1995
- 1995-08-21 JP JP21176795A patent/JP3572121B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0768345A3 (en) * | 1995-10-09 | 1999-03-03 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing carbon black from a waste tire and apparatus therefor |
| JPWO2008050727A1 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2010-02-25 | 学校法人長崎総合科学大学 | Biomass gasifier |
| JP4986080B2 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2012-07-25 | 学校法人長崎総合科学大学 | Biomass gasifier |
| JP2011522084A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2011-07-28 | ボソン・エナジー・ソシエテ・アノニム | Two-stage high-temperature preheating steam gasifier |
| KR100952609B1 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2010-04-15 | 한국기계연구원 | Up and down draft type combined gasifier |
| CN104629806A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-20 | 南京工业大学 | Whole tire gasification device and method for waste tire |
| CN109385308A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-26 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of the double bed electricity generation system and method for coal-fired coupling domestic garbage pyrolysis |
| WO2023208349A1 (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-02 | Schlaeffer Patrick | Device and method for the pyrolysis of fuel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3572121B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR100445363B1 (en) | Waste treatment apparatus and method through vaporization | |
| CN107254332B (en) | Method and system for gasifying carbonaceous material | |
| US5922090A (en) | Method and apparatus for treating wastes by gasification | |
| JP5763618B2 (en) | Two-stage dry feed gasifier and method | |
| EP1207192B1 (en) | Fixed-bed gasification furnaces and methods for gasifying organic waste | |
| JPH09104830A (en) | Production of carbon black from waste tire and device therefor | |
| WO2007081296A1 (en) | Downdraft/updraft gasifier for syngas production from solid waste | |
| CA2388869A1 (en) | Process for the production of a gaseous fuel | |
| EP0693539A2 (en) | Combustion of organic wastes | |
| US5787822A (en) | Oblate spheroid shaped gasification apparatus and method of gasifying a feedstock | |
| JPH0959653A (en) | Oven and method for gasifying organic waste | |
| EP1207190B1 (en) | Fixed bed gasification furnace for organic waste | |
| JP2004217868A (en) | Hydropyrolysis of coal | |
| JP5118338B2 (en) | Carbonization and gasification method and system | |
| CN107151568A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing the forming gas for being used to run internal combustion engine | |
| EP1207191B1 (en) | Fixed-bed gasification furnace and method for the gasification of organic waste | |
| JP2002155289A (en) | Gas bed type gasification of coal. | |
| JPH11302665A (en) | Gasification method using biomass and fossil fuel | |
| EP3050941A1 (en) | Process and reactor for gasification of organic solid materials | |
| JP2003213270A (en) | Fluidized bed carbonization apparatus, fluidized bed carbonization system, and fluidized bed carbide production method | |
| CN113025381A (en) | Small vibrating type pyrolytic carbon gasification device and gasification process | |
| JP3377638B2 (en) | Fixed bed gasifier and gasification method for organic waste | |
| Yates et al. | Conversion of biomass and waste fuels in fluidized-bed reactors | |
| JPH05156267A (en) | Method for operating pneumatic bed gasifier | |
| JPH05156266A (en) | Pneumatic bed gasifier |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Effective date: 20040316 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20040512 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Effective date: 20040601 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Effective date: 20040628 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080702 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080702 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080702 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| R360 | Written notification for declining of transfer of rights |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R360 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080702 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Year of fee payment: 4 Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080702 |
|
| R360 | Written notification for declining of transfer of rights |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R360 |
|
| R371 | Transfer withdrawn |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R371 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090702 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090702 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |