JPH0961009A - Ammonia absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Problem] To reduce the height of a rectification tower to achieve miniaturization. SOLUTION: A conical spray nozzle 22 is adopted as a dispersion means in place of a distributor which has dispersed a supply liquid by utilizing a head pressure, and a height H between a spray position and a filling 23 is made small to make a container. 21 is downsized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ammonia absorption refrigerating machine which uses an aqueous ammonia solution as an absorption liquid and is equipped with a rectification column for removing water contained in ammonia gas vaporized by a regenerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an ammonia absorption type refrigerator using an aqueous ammonia solution as an absorption liquid, since the ammonia gas vaporized by the regenerator contains water, a part of the ammonia liquid condensed by the condenser is removed. A rectification column which is brought into contact with ammonia gas to remove water entrained therein is arranged between the regenerator and the condenser.

A conventional rectification column is shown in FIG. 3 (a), for example.
As shown in (b), a supply liquid distributor (distributor) 52 is arranged above the container 51 arranged in the vertical direction, and a part of the ammonia liquid discharged from the condenser is used as the supply liquid. Gas contact filling 5 in the middle of 51
It is configured so that it is evenly distributed and dispersed in three.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
A liquid receiving container 54 for receiving the supply liquid supplied from the liquid supply pipe 54 is arranged in the lateral direction, and is connected to a bottom portion of the liquid receiving container 54, and a distribution pipe 55 is connected in the vertical direction.
A plurality of dispersion ports 55a are formed on the upper surface of the. Then, by utilizing the water head pressure 1 of the liquid receiving container 54, the supply liquid is jetted upward from the dispersion port 55a, collides with the stopper plate 56 arranged above the dispersion pipe 55, and is slanted on both sides of the dispersion pipe 55. The V-shaped guide plate 57 hanging downward is dispersed and dropped, and a plurality of dispersion claws 57 at the lower end of the V-shaped guide plate 57.
It is configured to be sprayed downward from a.

Therefore, it is necessary to secure a sufficient head pressure 1 of the liquid receiving container 55 for uniform and sufficient spraying, and the distributor 52 needs to have a sufficient height L. Therefore, it has been required to reduce the height L of the distribution device in order to downsize the device.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide an ammonia absorption type refrigerator which can reduce the height of the rectification column and contribute to downsizing of the absorption type refrigerator.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention uses an aqueous ammonia solution as an absorption liquid, and further comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator and a condenser. , Between the regenerator and the condenser, a rectification column for contacting a part of the ammonia liquid discharged from the condenser with the ammonia gas evaporated in the regenerator to remove the water entrained in the ammonia gas. In the arranged ammonia absorption refrigerator, the distribution means arranged in the upper part of the container for distributing the ammonia liquid is constituted by a conical spray nozzle for uniformly spraying the ammonia liquid downward in the container.

According to the above construction, the conical spray nozzle can reduce the height required for dispersion as compared with the conventional distributor using the head pressure, and the height of the rectification column can be reduced and downsized. Can contribute to.
Further, in the conventional dispersion device, relatively large droplets are dropped, whereas in the conical spray nozzle, small liquid particles are sprayed, so that the dispersion performance can be considerably improved. Furthermore, in the conventional dispersion device, if the product is tilted slightly from the horizontal state, the dispersion becomes non-uniform, so precise mounting is required.However, with the conical nozzle, even if the mounting is rough, uniform distribution is possible. It is advantageous in terms of maintenance.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Here, an embodiment of the ammonia absorption refrigerator according to the present invention will be described. An absorption refrigerator using highly toxic ammonia as a refrigerant includes an evaporator 1, an absorber 2, a regenerator 3, a rectification column 4 and a condenser 5 as shown in FIG. 2, and uses ammonia as a refrigerant. To do.

In this absorption refrigerator, the ammonia liquid as a refrigerant supplied from the condenser 5 through the ammonia liquid transfer pipe 6 is sent to the evaporator 1 to be depressurized and evaporated. At this time, the fluid to be cooled is cooled. The fluid to be cooled (brine) is supplied from the supply pipe 7 to the heat exchange section in the evaporator 1 to remove heat, and the fluid to be cooled is cooled. Then, the ammonia gas generated in the evaporator 1 is supplied to the second ammonia gas by the first ammonia gas transfer pipe 8.
It is sent to the absorber 2 via the heat exchanger 9, where it is absorbed by the dilute aqueous ammonia solution to generate heat. This heat is cooled by the cooling water introduced through the cooling water supply pipe 10A. Further, the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution whose concentration has become thicker by absorbing the ammonia gas in the absorber 2 is sent to the regenerator 3 via the first heat exchanger 12 by the concentrated ammonia solution transfer pipe 11, where the heating fluid pipe is provided. Ammonia is separated from the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution by the heating fluid (steam) introduced by 13 and evaporated to be regenerated. Further, the ammonia gas separated in the regenerator 3 flows into the rectification column 4 through the second ammonia gas transfer pipe 14, where a part of the ammonia liquid already condensed in the condenser 5 is branched and transferred in the ammonia liquid. It is introduced through the liquid feed pump 15 by the pipe 6a. As a result, the ammonia liquid and the ammonia gas are contacted in the rectification column 4, and the water contained in the ammonia gas is absorbed by the ammonia liquid and removed. Further, the ammonia gas from which water has been removed is sent to the condenser 5 by the third ammonia gas transfer pipe 16 and cooled and condensed by the cooling water introduced from the absorber 2 via the cooling water introduction pipe 10B. . Then, a part of the ammonia liquid condensed in the condenser 5 is sent to the rectification column 5, and the remainder is introduced into the second heat exchanger 9 through the ammonia liquid transfer pipe 6 so that the heat of the dilute ammonia aqueous solution becomes ammonia. After being transferred to the liquid, it is sent to the evaporator 2. The fluid to be cooled (brine) is circulated as described above to cool the fluid (brine).

In the rectification column 4, as shown in FIG. 1, a cone spray, which is a distribution means for distributing the ammonia liquid sent from the cooled fluid branch pipe 6a to the upper part of the container 21, into the container 21. A nozzle 22 is provided. Reference numeral 23 is a filling material that promotes contact between the ammonia gas G that is filled in the middle portion of the container 21 and is sprayed from the conical spray nozzle 22 and the ammonia gas G that is sent upward from the lower portion of the container 21. The cone spray nozzle 22 having a wide spray angle is adopted, and the one capable of uniformly dispersing and spraying the spray surface is used. Therefore, the height H from the conical spray nozzle 22 to the filling 23 can be made significantly smaller than that of the conventional distributor, and the container 31 can be downsized. The conical spray nozzle 22 requires a pressure of, for example, 0.3 to 0.5 kgf / cm ² , but the head difference is 0.3 to 0.4 kgf because the ammonia solution is conventionally sent to the rectification column. Although a liquid feed pump of / cm ² which is somewhat larger than the pipe feed resistance is used, the liquid feed pump 14 of the present invention may be slightly larger than the conventional one.

According to the above-mentioned embodiment, the height of the container of the rectification column 4 can be increased because the height of the conical spray nozzle 22 up to the packing 32 can be reduced as compared with the conventional distributor using the conventional hydraulic head pressure. The height can be reduced, which contributes to downsizing.

[0013]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By using the conical spray nozzle, the height required for dispersion can be made lower than that of the conventional distributor using the head pressure, and the height of the rectification column can be reduced, which can contribute to downsizing. Further, in the conventional dispersion device, relatively large droplets are dropped, whereas in the conical spray nozzle, small liquid particles are sprayed, so that the dispersion performance can be considerably improved. Furthermore, in the conventional dispersion device, if it is tilted even a little from the horizontal state, the dispersion becomes non-uniform, so precise mounting is required, but with the conical nozzle, even if it is roughly installed, uniform distribution is possible,
It is advantageous in terms of manufacturing and maintenance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an upper partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rectification column of an ammonia absorption refrigerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the same ammonia absorption refrigerator.

FIG. 3 shows a distributor provided in a rectification tower of a conventional ammonia absorption refrigerator, (a) is a front partial sectional view, and (b) is a side partial sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Evaporator 2 Absorber 3 Regenerator 4 Fractionation tower 5 Condenser 6a Ammonia liquid branch transfer pipe 21 Container 22 Conical spray nozzle 23 Packing material

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Koji Konishi 4-1-2 Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takashi Onishi 4-chome, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture 1-2 In Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuo Iwata 1-10 Fuso-cho, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo Sumitomo Precision Industries Co., Ltd. (72) Ken Koyama 1-10 Fuso-cho, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo Sumitomo Precision Industries Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsuro Furukawa 5-3-8 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masaharu Furuji, Nishikujo 5-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. 3-28 (72) Inventor Mitsufumi Matsuda 5-3-8 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture (72) Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuhisa Kira Osaka, Osaka Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. 5-3-28 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka (72) Inventor Yu Fujita 5-3-28 Nishikujo Nishi-Konohana-ku, Osaka, Osaka (72) Inventor Tatsuhiko Umeda Osaka Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. 3-28 Nishikujo 5-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Japan

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An aqueous ammonia solution is used as an absorbing liquid, and an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator and a condenser are provided.
A rectification column is installed between the regenerator and the condenser to remove the water entrained in the ammonia gas by bringing the ammonia gas evaporated in the regenerator into contact with part of the ammonia liquid discharged from the condenser. In the installed ammonia absorption type refrigerator, the distribution means arranged in the upper part of the container for distributing the ammonia liquid is constituted by a conical spray nozzle for uniformly spraying the ammonia liquid downward in the container. Refrigerator.