JPH0973077A - LCD display panel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] In a direct-view type liquid crystal display panel, the viewing angle is narrower than that of a CRT. In a liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal material is interposed between a pair of glass substrates 1 and 2 on which ITO films 3 and 6 are formed, the inside of the panel corresponding to the pixel portion of one glass substrate 2 The projecting portion 5 is projectingly provided. Thereby, CR
A liquid crystal display panel having a viewing angle as wide as T can be easily obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel using liquid crystal used in displays, optical shutters, projection televisions and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display mode can be roughly classified into a mode in which a change in birefringence effect caused by an electric field is modulated by a polarizing plate and a mode in which a polarizing plate is used and light scattering is used. .

The former general one is a TN mode, and high image quality can be realized by combining it with an active matrix (STN having the same principle as TN in a simple matrix).
Are listed). As the latter, polymer-dispersed liquid crystals have recently been proposed and are attracting attention.

Here, the TN mode is a liquid crystal cell in which a nematic liquid crystal (a generic term for liquid crystal materials whose molecules are aligned only in the long axis direction) is twisted and aligned by 90 degrees between two glass substrates. Has a function of rotating by 90 degrees, and the function is lost when aligned in the vertical direction with respect to the voltage. This is 2
It is detected as a change in transmittance with one polarizing plate. In addition, since it has a high contrast ratio of 100 or more and can achieve high image quality, it is used for an active matrix. However, there is a dependence on the viewing angle. Further, the contrast ratio indicates a contrast between black and white (bright and dark), and is defined by the ratio of the amount of light transmission when the screen is “white” and when the screen is “black”.

On the other hand, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal is a mode in which the transmission of light is controlled by the scattering intensity, unlike the TN liquid crystal.
It is characterized by not requiring a polarizing plate, and several types of structures have been proposed, such as one in which a large number of liquid crystal molecule particles (liquid crystal droplets) are dispersed in a polymer, one in which a liquid crystal is included in a network polymer, etc. There is. In this polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, liquid crystal molecules are randomly oriented when no voltage is applied, and scattering occurs at an interface having a different refractive index from the medium, whereas when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal orientation is aligned.
The fact that the refractive indexes of the both agree with each other to be in a transmissive state is used.

[0006]

However, since the appearance of the TN liquid crystal changes depending on the angle at which the screen is viewed due to the anisotropy of refractive index and twist orientation, the display becomes unreadable when the angle is increased from the front direction. Sometimes.
Here, a range where a practical contrast is obtained is called a viewing angle, and when divided into an up-down direction and a left-right direction with respect to the screen and each of the ranges in which the contrast is obtained above a certain value is shown, This is a problem because a wide viewing angle will be required as the screen becomes larger in the future. At present, the viewing angle of the TN active matrix has a contrast ratio of 1:10 and is about 50 degrees vertically and 100 degrees horizontally.

On the other hand, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, unlike the TN liquid crystal, is a mode that is not related to refractive index anisotropy, twist orientation, etc., and can have a wide viewing angle, but it is completely viewing-angle dependent. This is not to say that the viewing angle is slightly wider than that of TN liquid crystal, and not as wide as that of CRT.
Therefore, it becomes a problem in high definition and large size.

Therefore, in the conventional direct-viewing type liquid crystal display panel, the viewing angle is not as wide as that of the CRT in the development to high definition and large size display.
It is considered that the display will be limited in the viewable range, which makes it difficult to realize.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to easily obtain a liquid crystal display panel having a wide viewing angle comparable to that of a CRT, and to realize a high-definition and large-sized display. Is to

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is premised on a liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal material is interposed between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes, and its substrate shape and configuration. It is characterized by devising. In particular,
The following solution was taken.

That is, the first means for solving the problems of the present invention is characterized in that the protrusion is provided on the inside of the panel of the portion corresponding to the pixel portion of the one substrate.

A second solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first solving means, a light absorber is provided on the other substrate so as to correspond to a non-pixel portion between the protrusions.

According to a third solving means of the present invention, in the first solving means, a light absorber is provided between the two substrates so as to bridge the two substrates so as to correspond to the non-pixel portion between the protrusions. Is characterized by.

A fourth solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the liquid crystal display panel of the above-mentioned premise, a protrusion is provided on the outside of the panel corresponding to the pixel portion of the one substrate.

A fifth solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fourth solving means, a semitransparent film is provided on a protruding surface of the projection.

A sixth solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fourth solving means, the projection is formed in a hollow shape, and gas is sealed inside.

According to a seventh solving means of the present invention, in the fourth solving means, a light absorber is provided between the two substrates so as to bridge the two substrates so as to correspond to the non-pixel portion between the protrusions. Is characterized by.

An eighth solution means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the liquid crystal display panel of the above-mentioned premise, a semitransparent film is provided on the outside or inside of the one substrate.

A ninth solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the eighth solving means, a lenticular plate is provided on the semitransparent film outside the panel.

A tenth solution means of the present invention is that, in the eighth solution means, a light absorber is provided between the two substrates so as to bridge the two substrates so as to correspond to the non-pixel portion between the protrusions. Is characterized by.

An eleventh solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth or eighth solving means, the semitransparent film is composed of a photoconductive film.

A twelfth solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth or eighth solving means, the semitransparent film is made of a titanium oxide containing material.

A thirteenth solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth or eighth solving means, the semitransparent film is made of an aluminum-containing material.

A fourteenth solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth or eighth solving means, the semitransparent film is made of a phosphor.

A fifteenth solving means of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth or eighth solving means, the semitransparent film is made of a dye-containing material.

The sixteenth solving means of the present invention is,
In any one of the means for solving a problem of item 8, a liquid crystal material is mixed with a polymer material and is interposed between both substrates.

With the above structure, in the first to third means of the present invention, the lens effect of the protrusions provided on the inner side of the panel of the substrate allows the expansion of the alignment direction and the expansion of the viewing angle.

In the fourth to seventh solving means of the present invention, due to the lens effect of the projecting portion provided on the outside of the panel of the substrate, the display area is expanded and the 0th order light (straight light) is diffused, and the entire display unit is displayed. The light spreads and the viewing angle widens. Further, the viewing angle is further widened due to the hollow structure of the protrusion in which gas is enclosed. Further, a signal (a signal that forms two pictures) divided alternately (skipping one pixel) from the signal for the right eye and the signal for the left eye is applied to pixels adjacent in the left-right direction, and the pitch between pixels is changed. With this, stereoscopic display is possible at the proper viewing position by binocular parallax. That is, the light transmitted through the semi-permeable film and the projections and diffused interferes with the light from the adjacent pixel,
The interference image enables stereoscopic display from the binocular parallax of the left and right eyes. At this time, the light projected on the protrusion is preferably parallel light, and the incident light becomes parallel light by forming a light absorber between the substrates other than the display pixel portion.

In the fifth, eighth, and eleventh to fifteenth means of the present invention, the semi-transparent film further diffuses the 0th-order light (straight light), so that the light easily spreads over the entire display portion and the viewing angle is further increased. spread.

In the eighth to tenth solutions of the present invention, L and R1 sets of left-eye image and right-eye image pixels are accurately arranged on one vertical stripe-shaped kamaboko lens corresponding to the pitch of the lenticular plate. Is located in. Due to the light projected on the lens and the light reflected by the semi-transparent film, the liquid crystal pixels of the L image and the R image are separated into the left eye and the right eye, respectively, and are stereoscopically viewed due to the binocular parallax between the left eye and the right eye. To do. At this time, the light projected on the lens is preferably parallel light, and the incident light becomes parallel light by forming a light absorber between the substrates other than the display pixel portion.

According to the second, third, seventh and tenth means of the present invention, the scattered light is efficiently absorbed by the light absorber and the amount of the transmitted light is reduced, so that the contrast at the halftone level is improved. As a result, the contrast is improved in all directions and the viewing angle characteristics are further improved.

In the sixteenth solution means of the present invention, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal enables bright display, and stereoscopic display is possible without causing the problem of light loss due to the use of the semitransparent film.

Therefore, according to the first to sixteenth solving means of the present invention, a liquid crystal display panel having a wider viewing angle than the conventional one can be obtained without lowering the reliability, and a large-scale display with high accuracy can be realized.

[0034]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the examples described below.

The viewing angle characteristics of each example were evaluated as follows.

<Evaluation of viewing angle characteristics> LCD manufactured by Otsuka Electronics
Using 5000, measurement frequency 30 Hz, light receiving angle 2.8
It was measured under the conditions of ° and 30 ° C. The light transmittance is To (%) in the state where the dark light shielding ability corresponding to the “black” state on the display is maximized, and the maximum light in the bright state corresponding to the “white” state on the display is transmitted. The light transmittance to be Tmax (%),
CR = contrast = Tmax / To. The angle of the light receiver is swung from the front of the panel to the left, right, up and down around the panel measurement point, and the angle of deviation of the light receiver at the boundary measurement point where CR is 10 or less is shown for the up, down, left and right, respectively. And

(Example 1) As shown in FIG.
The liquid crystal display pulse of is provided with a pair of glass substrates 1 and 2. On one side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the glass substrate 2, a plurality of protrusions 5 are formed in a hemispherical shape by silicon nitrite (SiNx) on the inside of the panel corresponding to the pixel portion. Further, an ITO film 6 as a transparent electrode is formed on the projecting surface of the projecting section 5 so that the projecting section 5 becomes a pixel section.

Further, a thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as a TFT) is provided in the non-pixel portion between the protrusions 5 of the glass substrate 2.
7 are formed, and the gate line and the source line are connected to the TFTs 7 and I.
It is arranged with respect to the TO film formation 6 to form a TFT array.

On the other hand, an ITO film 3 as a transparent electrode is formed on the other (upper side in FIG. 1) glass substrate 1,
A chrome black matrix (hereinafter referred to as BM) 4 is arranged at a position facing the TFT 7.

Although not shown, an alignment film AL-1051 (manufactured by Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) is formed on the electrode forming surfaces of the pair of glass substrates 1 and 2, and is made in one direction (for example, a panel by using a rayon cloth). The rubbing process is performed by rubbing in the vertical direction.

Each of the pair of glass substrates 1 and 2 has a B
The M4 and the TFT 7 are arranged so as to face each other inside the panel, and the liquid crystal material ZLI4792 is provided between the glass substrates 1 and 2.
(Manufactured by Merck) and a spacer of 5 μm (for example, B-5.0 μm (made by Catalyst Kasei Co., Ltd.)) are interposed (both are not shown), and a resin sealing is applied so that liquid crystal material does not leak. Has been done. Then, polarizing plates (not shown) are attached to both outer surfaces of the panel to form a liquid crystal display panel.

The viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1 were about 50 ° in the upward direction, about 60 ° in the downward direction, and about 65 ° in the lateral direction. It is considered that this is because the protrusion 5 provided on the inner side of the panel of the glass substrate 2 exerts a lens effect, and the alignment direction is widened and the viewing angle is widened as compared with Comparative Example 1 below. To be

(Comparative Example 1) The liquid crystal display panel of Example 1 has no protrusion 5. The viewing angle characteristic results were about 20 degrees in the upward direction, about 35 degrees in the downward direction, and about 45 degrees in each of the left and right directions.

Example 2 In Example 2, the following composition was used as a material to be inserted in the panel.

This composition is a mixed composition of a liquid crystal material and a polymer material, in which 80 wt% of TL213 (Merck Co.) as a liquid crystal material and 20 wt% of PN393 (Merck Co.) which is a prepolymer material as a polymer material. It is mixed in the ratio of.

A 10 μm spacer (for example, Shinsphere B-10.0 μ (Catalyst Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Manufactured by the above), and is interposed between the same glass substrates 1 and 2 as in Example 1 except that the alignment film is not rubbed, and a UV lamp (for example, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp IML-3000 (available from Co., Ltd.) is used.
UV intensity (near 350 nm) 14 m with Oak Manufacturing
The liquid crystal display panel of Example 2 was obtained by irradiating W / cm ² for 3 minutes. At this time, the polarizing plate is unnecessary.

The viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display panel of Example 2 were about 80 degrees in the vertical direction (160 degrees in total) and about 80 degrees in the horizontal direction (160 degrees in total).

In this case, the scattering ability (light shielding ability) is improved,
CR is improved. As a result, the viewing angle is also improved. Therefore, it is understood that it is also effective for the scattering-transmission mode such as polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

(Comparative Example 2) The liquid crystal display panel of Example 2 has no protrusion 5. The results of the viewing angle characteristics were about 70 degrees each in the vertical direction (total 140 degrees) and about 70 degrees each in the horizontal direction (total 140 degrees).

(Embodiment 3) In this embodiment 3, a light absorber 8 is provided on a non-pixel portion between the protrusions 5 on the other glass substrate 1 facing the one glass substrate 2 provided with the protrusions 5. It is provided correspondingly (see FIG. 2). In other words, the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the light absorber 8 containing carbon, for example, is used under the BM 4 of the glass substrate 1 in the first embodiment. The thickness of the glass substrate 1 is 1.1 m.
m, and the light absorber 8 has substantially the same thickness. As a result, the liquid crystal display panel obtained has halftones (bright “white”, dark “black”).
In the (intermediate display) display, the display that was blurry in Example 1 disappeared, and the contrast at the halftone level was improved. Also, the "black" display is improved, and as a result, the contrast in all directions is improved,
The viewing angle characteristics are further improved as compared with the first embodiment. The viewing angle characteristics in this case were about 58 degrees in the upward direction, about 63 degrees in the downward direction, and about 70 degrees in each of the left and right directions (a total of 140 degrees).

(Embodiment 4) In Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3
Similar to Example 2, except that the glass substrate 1 provided with the light absorber 8 is used, the structure is the same as that of the second embodiment.

As a result, in the obtained liquid crystal display panel, the halftone display contrast was improved as in Example 3. Further, the "white" display was also improved, and the scattered light in the "white" transmission state was eliminated, resulting in an improvement in contrast in all directions, and the viewing angle characteristics were further improved as compared with Example 2. The viewing angle characteristic in this case is about 8 each in the vertical direction.
3 degrees (total 166 degrees), approximately 83 degrees in each horizontal direction (total 166 degrees)
Was).

(Fifth Embodiment) In the fifth embodiment, the light absorber 8 is provided between the glass substrates 1 and 2 so as to bridge the glass substrates 1 and 2 with the non-pixel portion between the projections 5. It was provided by. That is, in Example 1, the carbon-containing resist (for example, BK manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) corresponding to the panel thickness (the thickness of the liquid crystal filling layer between the glass substrates 1 and 2) is formed on the TFT 7 without forming the BM 4. The light absorber 8 according to (520) is formed in the substrate vertical direction (see FIG. 3). The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

As a result, the obtained liquid crystal display panel has an improved halftone display contrast as compared with the third embodiment.
The "black" display is also improved, and as a result, the contrast in all directions is improved, so that the viewing angle characteristics are further improved as compared with the third embodiment. The results are shown below. The viewing angle characteristics in this case were about 55 degrees in the upward direction, about 60 degrees in the downward direction, and about 67 degrees in each of the left and right directions (total of 134 degrees).

(Embodiment 6) In Embodiment 2, Embodiment 5
Similarly to the above, without using the BM4, for example, a carbon-containing resist having a panel thickness on the TFT7 (eg, Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
BK-520) was used to form the light absorber 8 in the direction perpendicular to the substrate. The other structure is the same as that of the second embodiment.

As a result, the obtained panel has further improved halftone display contrast as compared with the fourth embodiment. Also,
The "white" display is also improved. This is believed to be due to the elimination of scattered light in the "white" transmission state. In addition, the "black" display is also improved, and in particular, the 0th order light (straight light) in the "black" scattering state is diffracted by the light absorber 8 and the polymer dispersion layer, and in addition, scattered light is also absorbed by the light absorber 8. It is considered that this is because the amount of transmitted light is reduced by the light absorption by the. As a result, the overall contrast in all directions is improved, and the viewing angle characteristics are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.
It is further improved, and it is about 85 degrees each in the vertical direction (total 170
Angle) and about 84 degrees in each of the left and right directions (total of 168 degrees).

(Embodiment 7) In Embodiment 7, the projection 5 is provided on the outside of the panel of the glass substrate 1. That is, ITO3 and BM4 are formed on one surface of the glass substrate 1,
A convex portion 5 is formed in a hemispherical shape by silicon night light (SiNx) on a portion corresponding to a pixel portion on the opposite surface. On the other hand, the glass substrate 2 on which the TFT array including the pixel ITO 6, the TFT 7 and the line connecting them is formed is prepared on one side. The other points are the same as in Example 1 (see FIG. 4). However, the polarizing plate is the glass substrate 1,
One layer was provided in 2.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were approximately 55 degrees in the upward direction, approximately 65 degrees in the downward direction, and approximately 65 degrees in the lateral direction (total 130 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

When light is incident from the glass substrate 1 side, the viewing angle is not as wide as that shown above, but the viewing angle is made slightly wider than in the prior art, and particularly bright display is possible. This is due to the lens effect of the convex portion 5.

(Embodiment 8) The glass substrates 1 and 2 shown in Embodiment 7 are used, and the other components are the same as those in Embodiment 2. However, a polarizing plate is unnecessary.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were approximately 84 degrees in the vertical direction (total 168 degrees) and approximately 83 degrees in the horizontal direction (total 166 degrees). The light was incident from the glass substrate 2 side to display a panel.

Similarly to the seventh embodiment, when light is incident from the glass substrate 1 side, the viewing angle characteristics as described above are not obtained, but the viewing angle is slightly wider than in the conventional case, and a brighter display is possible.

(Embodiment 9) In Embodiment 7, a photoconductive film (for example, sathicon film (Se-As-Te)) is formed as the semitransparent film 9 on the protruding surface of the projection 5 (FIG. 5).
Others are the same as in the seventh embodiment.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 60 degrees in the upward direction, about 65 degrees in the downward direction, and about 70 degrees in each of the left and right directions (a total of 140 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Here, the thicker the photoconductive film (semitransparent film 9) is, the darker the display tends to be in the direction in which the light transmittance decreases, but the 0th order light (straight light) is further diffused. However, since the light easily spreads over the entire display portion, a wider viewing angle can be obtained.

(Embodiment 10) Similar to Embodiment 9, in Embodiment 8, a photoconductive film (for example, sathicon film (Se-As-Te)) is formed as a semitransparent film 9 on the protruding surface of the projection 5. The rest is the same as in Example 8.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 85 degrees in the vertical direction (total 170 degrees) and about 85 degrees in the horizontal direction (total 170 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Further, as in Example 9, the thicker the photoconductive film (semitransparent film 9), the lower the light transmittance, and the darker the display tends to be, the wider the viewing angle is. Can be obtained.

Example 11 In Example 9, instead of the photoconductive film, a resin containing a white pigment and titanium oxide was formed into a coating film. At this time, assuming that the light transmittance is 20% lower than that before forming the resin coating film, the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display panel obtained as a result of performing the same production as in Example 9 are about upward. It was 62 degrees, about 65 degrees downward, and about 70 degrees each in the left-right direction (140 degrees in total). In addition, the light is incident on the substrate 2
The panel display was performed from the side.

Example 12 The same operation as in Example 11 was performed on Example 10.

As a result, the obtained liquid crystal display panel had viewing angle characteristics of about 86 degrees in the vertical direction (172 degrees in total) and about 86 degrees in the horizontal direction (172 degrees in total). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

(Example 13) In Example 11, when aluminum powder was contained in place of titanium oxide so that the light transmittance was 13% lower than that before resin coating, The liquid crystal display panel obtained as a result of performing the same production as in No. 11 had viewing angle characteristics of about 60 degrees in the up direction, about 65 degrees in the down direction, and about 67 degrees in each of the left and right directions (total of 134 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Although the viewing angle is slightly narrowed as compared with the case of Example 11, it is possible to obtain a panel having high brightness in all directions.

(Example 14) In Example 9, instead of the photoconductive film, a phosphor (for example, a green phosphor made of a mixture of Zn ₂ SiO ₄ and Mn) was formed into a coating film, and the same procedure as in Example 9 was performed. It was made.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 64 degrees in the up direction, about 67 degrees in the down direction, and about 72 degrees in each of the left and right directions (total of 144 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Example 15 In Example 10, the same operation as in Example 14 was performed.

As a result, the obtained liquid crystal display panel had viewing angle characteristics of about 86 degrees in the vertical direction (172 degrees in total) and about 87 degrees in the horizontal direction (174 degrees in total). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

(Example 16) In Example 9, the protrusion 5 was used.
Is formed into a hollow shape, and a gas (for example, air) 10 is enclosed inside (see FIG. 6).

As a result, the obtained liquid crystal display panel had viewing angle characteristics of about 63 degrees in the upward direction, about 66 degrees in the downward direction, and about 70 degrees in each of the left and right directions (a total of 140 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

The viewing angle was wider than that of Example 9.

Example 17 The same operation as in Example 16 was performed on Example 10.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 86 degrees in the vertical direction (total 172 degrees) and about 86 degrees in the horizontal direction (total 172 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Example 18 The same operation as in Example 16 was carried out for Example 11.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 64 degrees in the up direction, about 65 degrees in the down direction, and about 70 degrees in each of the left and right directions (a total of 140 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

(Example 19) The same operation as in Example 16 was performed on Example 12.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 86 degrees in the vertical direction (172 degrees in total) and about 87 degrees in the horizontal direction (174 degrees in total). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Example 20 The same operation as in Example 16 was performed on Example 13.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were approximately 63 degrees in the upward direction, approximately 65 degrees in the downward direction, and approximately 68 degrees in the lateral direction (a total of 136 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

(Example 21) The same operation as in Example 16 was performed on Example 14.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 65 degrees in the upward direction, about 68 degrees in the downward direction, and about 72 degrees in each of the left and right directions (total of 144 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Example 22 The same operation as in Example 16 was carried out for Example 15.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 87 degrees each in the vertical direction (total 174 degrees) and about 87 degrees each in the horizontal direction (total 174 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Wide viewing angle characteristics comparable to those of a CRT can be obtained.

(Example 23) In Example 17, the BM
Instead of 4, the light absorber 8 is provided so as to bridge both the glass substrates 1 and 2 (see FIG. 7).

As a result, the viewing angle does not change so much,
Pixels adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are alternately (by one pixel skipped) divided into a signal for the right eye and a signal for the left eye (a signal forming two pictures), and the pitch between pixels is changed. Under certain conditions (optimization), stereoscopic display is possible at the proper viewing position due to binocular parallax. That is, the incident light is made into parallel light by the light absorber 8, and an interference image of the light transmitted through the semi-permeable film 9 and diffused and the light from the adjacent pixel provides a stereoscopic display from the binocular parallax of the left and right eyes. It will be possible.

Example 24 The same operation as in Example 23 was performed on Example 19. As a result, similar to Example 23, the viewing angle did not change so much, but a signal (two pixels apart) obtained by alternately (for one pixel skipping) a right-eye signal and a left-eye signal for adjacent pixels in the left-right direction, respectively. (Signal that forms the
Under certain conditions (optimization), stereoscopic display is possible due to binocular parallax at the proper viewing position.

(Example 25) The same operation as in Example 23 was performed on Example 22. As a result, the viewing angle does not change so much as in Example 23 or Example 24, but a signal obtained by alternately (by skipping one pixel) a signal for the right eye and a signal for the left eye for adjacent pixels in the left-right direction. When (pixels forming two pictures) are applied and the pixel pitch is changed, under certain conditions (optimization), stereoscopic display is possible due to binocular parallax at the proper viewing position.

(Example 26) ITO3 and BM4 were formed on the inside of the panel of one glass substrate 1, and the semi-transparent film 9 (for example, a photoconductive film (for example, Saticon film (Se-As-Se-As- Te)))) is formed on the entire surface. Pixel ITO 6 and TFT are provided inside the panel of the other glass substrate 2.
7 and a line connecting them (see FIG. 8). Others are the same as those in the first embodiment. The polarizing plate is formed outside the panel.

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 60 ° in the upward direction, about 64 ° in the downward direction, and about 68 ° in the lateral direction (a total of 136 °).

Here, as in Example 9, the thicker the photoconductive film, the darker the display tends to be in the direction in which the light transmittance decreases, but a wider viewing angle can be obtained.

(Example 27) In Example 26, a phosphor (for example, Zn ₂ SiO ₂ ) was used in place of the photoconductive film instead of the semitransparent film 9.
_A green phosphor composed of a mixture of ₄ and Mn).

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were about 62 degrees in the upward direction, about 65 degrees in the downward direction, and about 70 degrees in each of the left and right directions (a total of 140 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

(Embodiment 28) ITO 3 is formed on the inside of a panel of one glass substrate 1, and a semitransparent film 9 (for example, a photoconductive film (for example, Sathicon film (Se-As-Te)) is formed on the opposite surface, that is, outside the panel. )) Is formed on the entire surface, and the lenticular plate 11 is formed on the top and bottom to form a single semi-cylindrical lens, and the semi-cylindrical lens extends in the left and right stripes corresponding to the pixel pitch. On the surface of the other glass substrate 2, the pixel ITO 6 and the TFT 7 and a line connecting them are formed. A light absorber 8 is arranged at a location corresponding to the TFT 7 between the glass substrates 1 and 2 so as to bridge them (see FIG. 9).

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were approximately 83 degrees each in the vertical direction (total 166 degrees) and approximately 83 degrees each in the horizontal direction (total 166 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

For pixels adjacent in the left-right direction,
When the signals for the right eye and the signals for the left eye are alternately applied and the inter-pixel pitch is optimized, stereoscopic display can be easily performed at the proper viewing position.

(Example 29) In Example 28, a phosphor (for example, Zn ₂ SiO ₂ ) was used instead of the semitransparent film 9 as a photoconductive film.
_A green phosphor made of a mixture of ₄ and Mn).

As a result, the viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display panel were approximately 84 degrees in the vertical direction (total 168 degrees) and approximately 85 degrees in the horizontal direction (total 170 degrees). In addition, light was incident from the substrate 2 side to perform panel display.

Also in this case, as in the case of the twenty-eighth embodiment, when the pixels adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are alternately applied with the signals for the right eye and the signals for the left eye, the pixel pitch is optimized. The stereoscopic display can be easily performed at the proper viewing position.

The manufacturing method shown in the embodiment is not limited.

[0110]

As described above, according to the present invention as set forth in claims 1 to 3, since the protrusion is provided on the inner side of the panel of the substrate, the lens effect allows the expansion of the alignment direction and the wide viewing angle. Obtainable.

According to the present invention as set forth in claims 4 to 7, since the protrusion is provided on the outside of the panel of the substrate, it is possible to obtain the diffusion of the straight light and the wide viewing angle by the lens effect. Further, since the protrusion has a hollow structure and gas is enclosed inside, a wider viewing angle can be obtained. Furthermore, an interference image of light transmitted and diffused through the semi-permeable membrane and the protrusion and light from an adjacent pixel enables stereoscopic display from the binocular parallax of the left and right eyes.

According to the present invention as set forth in claims 5, 8 and 11 to 15, the semitransparent film can further improve the diffusion of straight-ahead light and the wide viewing angle.

According to the present invention of claims 8 to 10, since the lenticular plate is provided on the semitransparent film outside the panel,
The light projected on the lens and the light reflected by the semitransparent film can be viewed separately by the left and right eyes, and can be stereoscopically viewed by the binocular parallax.

According to the present invention as set forth in claims 2, 3, 7 and 10, scattered light can be efficiently absorbed by the light absorber, and the contrast at the halftone level and hence the contrast in all directions can be improved. .

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the display can be brightened by the characteristics of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal.

Therefore, with the first to sixteenth solving means of the present invention, a liquid crystal display panel having a wide viewing angle comparable to that of a CRT can be easily obtained, and a high definition and large size display can be realized. Furthermore, without the need for 3D (stereoscopic) glasses,
It is possible to easily provide a wide viewing angle display capable of stereoscopic viewing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 1 and 2.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 3 and 4.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 5 and 6.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 7 and 8.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 9 to 15.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 16 to 22.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 23 to 25.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 26 and 27.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 28 and 29.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 glass substrate 2 glass substrate 3 ITO film formation (transparent electrode) 4 BM (black matrix) 5 convex part 6 ITO film formation (pixel part transparent electrode) 7 TFT (thin film transistor) 8 light absorber 9 semitransparent film 10 gas 11 lenticular Board

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal material is interposed between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes, wherein a protrusion is formed inside the panel corresponding to the pixel portion of the one substrate. A liquid crystal display panel characterized by being installed. 2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein a light absorber is provided on the other substrate so as to correspond to the non-pixel portion between the protrusions. 3. The liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein a light absorber is provided between the two substrates so as to bridge the two substrates so as to correspond to the non-pixel portion between the protrusions. panel. 4. A liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal material is interposed between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes, wherein a protrusion is provided outside the panel of a portion corresponding to the pixel portion of the one substrate. A liquid crystal display panel characterized by being installed. 5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 4, wherein a semitransparent film is provided on the protruding surface of the protrusion. 6. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 4, wherein the protrusion is formed in a hollow shape and a gas is enclosed inside. 7. The liquid crystal display according to claim 4, wherein a light absorber is provided between the two substrates so as to bridge the two substrates so as to correspond to the non-pixel portion between the protrusions. panel. 8. A liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal material is interposed between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes, wherein a translucent film is provided on the panel outer side or the panel inner side of the one substrate. A liquid crystal display panel characterized in that 9. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 8, wherein a lenticular plate is provided on the semitransparent film outside the panel. 10. The liquid crystal display according to claim 8, wherein a light absorber is provided between the two substrates so as to bridge the two substrates so as to correspond to the non-pixel portion between the protrusions. panel. 11. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, wherein the semitransparent film is a photoconductive film. 12. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, wherein the semitransparent film contains a titanium oxide. 13. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, wherein the semitransparent film is an aluminum-containing material. 14. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, wherein the semitransparent film is a phosphor. 15. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, wherein the semitransparent film contains a dye. 16. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal material is mixed with a polymer material and is interposed between both substrates.