JPH0974603A - Battery safety device for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) 【Abstract】 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a secondary disaster due to the contents of the battery from jumping out when the battery is damaged, and to protect a passenger and a vehicle body, a battery safety device for an electric vehicle. I will provide a. SOLUTION: A battery device 10 that connects a plurality of batteries 11 to drive a traveling motor of an electric vehicle, a battery case 20 in which the battery device 10 is fixedly housed, and an abnormality of the electric vehicle are detected and an abnormality signal is issued. The abnormality detection means 30 and the emergency device 40 that includes a coolant for the battery and injects the coolant into the battery case 20 when an abnormality signal is issued are provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a battery safety device for an electric vehicle.

[0002]

2. Related Art In recent years, electric vehicles have been proposed as an alternative to vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine due to environmental problems and the like. This electric vehicle has no exhaust gas and has great expectations as a next-generation vehicle. Recently, with the aim of further improving the performance of electric vehicles,
There is a demand for higher energy density of batteries mounted in electric vehicles. In order to meet such demands, various new batteries have been researched and developed, and their use in electric vehicles is being considered. Such advanced batteries for electric vehicles include sodium-sulfur storage batteries,
Examples include nickel-hydrogen storage batteries and lithium storage batteries. Many of these advanced batteries use ignitable substances or dangerous substances such as strong acids or strong alkaline solutions in the contents such as electrode plates and electrolytes, and the batteries themselves are used to accelerate the battery reaction. There is also something that heats up to a high temperature. For example,
In the case of a lithium-based storage battery, the lithium metal used as an electrode will ignite in the air. In the case of a sodium-sulfur storage battery, the battery itself is heated to about 300 ° C., and sodium in the positive electrode and sulfur in the negative electrode are used in a molten state. Therefore, the positive electrode is a high temperature strong alkaline solution.

By the way, in an electric vehicle, the battery installed therein is a high-voltage power supply having a high energy density as described above, and therefore safety measures are required when a vehicle equipped with these batteries encounters an accident or the like. . As such a safety measure, hitherto, a safety device for detecting a shock caused by a collision by a shock detection means attached to a vehicle body and shutting off a power supply circuit of a battery when the car collides, or a power supply circuit There are known safety devices that change the wiring to lower the voltage of a high-voltage power supply.

[0004]

The above safety device can prevent ignition due to electric shock or short circuit by shutting off the power supply circuit or lowering the voltage of the high voltage power supply. However, in the safety device, the battery itself in the battery case is damaged due to the collision of the vehicle, the electrolytic solution (strong acid, strong alkaline solution) or the high-temperature molten electrode leaks, and the ignitable substance is exposed to the air. It is not possible to respond to fire. In other words, the current situation is that an electric vehicle is not equipped with a device that protects passengers and the vehicle body from these dangers caused by damage to the battery.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the battery for an electric vehicle, prevents a secondary disaster from occurring due to the contents of the battery popping out when the battery is damaged, and protects the occupant and the vehicle body. An object of the present invention is to provide a battery safety device for an electric vehicle that can be used.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a battery device for connecting a plurality of batteries to drive a traveling motor of an electric vehicle, and a battery case in which the battery device is fixedly housed. And an abnormality detection unit that detects an abnormality of the electric vehicle and outputs an abnormality signal,
A safety device for an electric vehicle battery, comprising: a coolant for the battery; and an emergency device for injecting the coolant into the battery case when the abnormal signal is issued. .

When a vehicle abnormality is detected, this safety device injects a coolant into the battery case in order to prevent the occurrence of a secondary disaster such as leakage of a high temperature molten electrode due to damage to the battery. . Further, according to the present invention, a battery device for connecting a plurality of batteries to drive a traveling motor of an electric vehicle, a battery case in which the battery device is fixedly housed, and an abnormality signal for detecting an abnormality of the electric vehicle are issued. An abnormality detecting means; and an emergency device that includes a neutralizing agent for the electrolytic solution of the battery and injects the neutralizing agent for the electrolytic solution into the battery case when the abnormal signal is issued. A battery safety device for an electric vehicle is provided.

When a vehicle abnormality is detected, this safety device prevents electrolysis in the battery case in order to prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters such as leakage of the electrolyte solution which is a strong acid or strong alkaline solution when the battery is damaged. Spray the liquid neutralizer. Further, according to the present invention, a battery device for connecting a plurality of batteries to drive a traveling motor of an electric vehicle, a battery case in which the battery device is fixedly housed, and an abnormality signal for detecting an abnormality of the electric vehicle are issued. Anomaly detection means,
And an emergency device for injecting the electrolyte absorbent into the battery case when the abnormal signal is emitted. Safety devices are provided.

When a vehicle abnormality is detected, this safety device prevents the electrolytic solution, which is a strong acid or strong alkaline solution, from flowing out of the battery case when the battery is damaged. Spray the absorbent of. Further, according to the present invention, a battery device for connecting a plurality of batteries to drive a traveling motor of an electric vehicle, a battery case in which the battery device is fixedly housed, and an abnormality signal for detecting an abnormality of the electric vehicle are issued. Provided is a safety device for an electric vehicle battery, comprising: an abnormality detecting means; and an emergency device including an extinguishing agent and injecting the extinguishing agent into the battery case when the abnormality signal is emitted. To be done.

When a vehicle abnormality is detected, this safety device injects a fire extinguishing agent into the battery case in order to prevent the occurrence of fire due to the exposure of the ignitable contents due to the damage of the battery. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the safety device for a battery for an electric vehicle according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the abnormality detecting means applies an impact force of at least a predetermined value or more to the electric vehicle. There is provided a shock detecting unit that detects a shock and that issues an abnormal signal when the shock detecting unit detects a shock of a predetermined value or more.

According to another aspect of the safety device of the present invention, the impact detecting means senses an impact applied to the vehicle, and when an impact greater than a predetermined value is detected, it is determined that the vehicle has collided and the battery is damaged due to the impact. Coolant, electrolyte neutralizer, electrolyte absorber or fire extinguishing agent is injected into the battery case to prevent secondary accidents due to battery damage.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the abnormality detecting means includes damage to at least one of the battery device and the battery case. There is provided a damage detection unit that detects a damage, and issues a failure signal when the damage detection unit detects damage to at least one of the battery device and the battery case.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the safety device, when the damage detecting means detects the damage of at least one of the battery device and the battery case, the coolant in the battery case,
Injects a neutralizing agent for the electrolyte, an absorbent for the electrolyte, or a fire extinguisher to prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters due to battery damage. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the electric vehicle battery safety device according to the fifth aspect, the abnormality detecting means further includes damage detecting means for detecting damage to at least one of the battery device and the battery case. There is provided a device which issues an abnormal signal when the damage detecting means detects the damage of at least one of the battery device and the battery case.

Since the safety device according to the seventh aspect comprises the impact detecting means and the damage detecting means, it is possible to detect the damage to the battery more accurately. According to claim 8 of the present invention, there is provided the electric vehicle battery safety device according to claim 5 or 7, wherein the impact detection means is an acceleration sensor.

According to another aspect of the safety device of the present invention, an acceleration sensor is used as the shock detecting means, and a rapid change in acceleration (G) of the vehicle is measured to detect a collision of the vehicle. Also,
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects, the damage detection means is provided on at least one of the battery device and the battery case, and the at least one of the battery device and the battery case. The strain gauge for detecting the strain of No. 1 is provided, and the abnormality detecting means emits an abnormal signal when the strain gauge detects a strain of a predetermined value or more.

According to a ninth aspect of the safety device, a strain gauge is used as the damage detection means, the strain of at least one of the battery device and the battery case is measured, and the damage of the battery is detected from the strain. According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects, the damage detection unit is a liquid leak that detects a leak of an electrolytic solution filled in the battery. There is provided a detector which has a detecting means and which outputs an abnormality signal when the liquid leak detecting means detects a leak of the electrolytic solution.

The safety device according to the tenth aspect employs a liquid leakage detecting means as the damage detecting means, and detects the damage of the battery from the leakage of the electrolytic solution. Further, claim 1 of the present invention
1. In the safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to any one of claims 4 to 10, the abnormality detecting means includes:
Further, there is provided a device which has a fire detecting means for detecting a fire of the battery device and which emits an abnormal signal when the fire detecting means detects a fire.

According to the eleventh aspect of the safety device, since the fire detecting means is incorporated in the abnormality detecting means, the extinguishing agent is immediately injected when a fire occurs. Further, claim 12 of the present invention
In the battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 4 to 10, the abnormality detecting means further has a short-circuit detecting means for detecting a short-circuit of the battery, and the short-circuit detecting means detects the short-circuit of the battery. Sometimes an alarm signal is provided.

In the safety device according to the twelfth aspect of the invention, since the short-circuit detecting means is incorporated in the abnormality detecting means, the occurrence of secondary fire due to the short-circuit is suppressed. A thirteenth aspect of the present invention provides the safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the coolant is a non-combustible gas. The safety device according to the thirteenth aspect cools the molten electrode which is at a high temperature by the non-combustible gas.

According to Claim 14 of the present invention, Claim 1
In the safety device for a battery for an electric vehicle according to 3, the non-combustible gas is nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas. The safety device according to claim 14 cools the molten electrode, which is at a high temperature, by nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas.

According to Claim 15 of the present invention, Claim 1
The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the battery is a sodium-sulfur storage battery. In the safety device according to the fifteenth aspect, a high output sodium-sulfur storage battery is used as the battery.

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A first embodiment of a safety device for a battery for an electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a safety device 1A for an electric vehicle battery according to the first embodiment.

The safety device 1A comprises a battery device 10 and a battery case 2 in which the battery device 10 is fixedly housed.
0, an abnormality detecting means 30 for detecting an abnormality of the vehicle, and an emergency device 40 for injecting a coolant into the battery case 20 when an abnormality occurs in the vehicle. The battery device 10 is a device that supplies power to the traveling motor of the electric vehicle in order to drive the traveling motor, and includes a plurality of batteries 11. The batteries 11 have a rectangular parallelepiped shape and are arranged in a battery case, which will be described later, in an orderly manner, and the batteries are connected to each other so as to ensure the electric power required for traveling of the electric vehicle.

As the battery 11, for example, a sodium-sulfur storage battery having a large discharge capacity is used. Other than this, a conventional lead storage battery, a lithium-based storage battery, which has recently attracted attention, a nickel-hydrogen storage battery, or the like may be used. The battery case 20 is a container for fixedly storing the battery device 10, and is a rectangular parallelepiped box. And
The battery case 20 is arranged at a predetermined position in the electric vehicle. Here, when the battery housed inside the battery case 20 is a sodium-sulfur storage battery, it is necessary to heat the battery to the operating temperature (about 300 ° C.). A plurality of heaters 21 are arranged. If the battery used does not require heating, the heater 21 need not be provided.

The abnormality detecting means 30 detects an abnormality of the vehicle or the battery, and the impact detecting means 31 for detecting the collision of the vehicle leading to the damage of the battery and the impact of the vehicle are always sensed and the vehicle collides. A control unit (hereinafter, referred to as C / U) 32 that emits an abnormal signal is provided. The impact detection means 31 is for detecting the impact applied to the vehicle body when the vehicle body collides, and for example, an acceleration sensor is used. The acceleration sensor is not particularly limited as long as it can detect a collision of the vehicle body, and for example, a G sensor used for operating an airbag can be used. In this case, it is preferable because the labor for newly installing the G sensor can be saved.

The C / U 32 senses the output voltage of the acceleration sensor 31 and issues an abnormal signal to an emergency device, which will be described later, when the vehicle body collides when the voltage exceeds a predetermined value. The emergency device 40 prevents a secondary disaster that occurs when the battery is damaged and the contents pop out. Here, in the case of a sodium-sulfur storage battery, since the battery itself is used by being heated to an operating temperature (about 300 ° C.) and the electrodes are melted, when the sodium-sulfur storage battery is damaged, the electrodes in a high-temperature molten state are Secondary spills may occur. In such a case, a coolant that cools the high temperature molten electrode is used.

As the emergency device 40, a coolant supply means 41 for storing a coolant, an injector 42 to which the coolant supply means 41 is connected, and a nozzle 43 attached to the latter stage of the injector 42. Is equipped with. Coolant supply means 4
1 serves to supply the coolant to the injector 42, and a cylinder filled with the coolant or the like is adopted.

Examples of the coolant include non-combustible gas. As the non-combustible gas, it is preferable to use nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas or the like, which is easily available and easy to handle. The injector 42 receives the abnormal signal from the C / U 32 and functions to send the coolant filled in the cylinder 41 to the nozzle 43 at the subsequent stage.

The nozzle 43 supplies the coolant to the battery case 2
To inject to the battery device 10 in 0,
The required number is arranged at a predetermined position so that the coolant can be sprayed uniformly toward the battery device in the battery case. Next, the operation procedure of the safety device 1A will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the C / U 32 detects the output voltage of the G sensor in step S1. Then, in step S2, it is determined whether the output voltage is an allowable value. If this determination is Yes, the process returns to step S1 and the detection of the output voltage of the G sensor is repeated. On the other hand, in the case of No, an abnormal signal is generated as a collision has occurred, and in step S3, the injector 42 is operated to inject the coolant into the battery case.

By the way, the G sensor of the airbag system mainly detects an impact due to a frontal collision or the like, and may not be able to accurately detect an impact when another vehicle collides with another vehicle or side impacts. In other words, even if another vehicle collides with another vehicle or side impacts and the battery is damaged due to the impact, the G sensor may not detect the collision and the coolant may not be injected.

Therefore, the present invention provides another mode capable of coping with the above-mentioned inconvenience. A second embodiment of a safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG.
[Fig. 7] is a schematic configuration diagram of a safety device 1B for an electric vehicle battery according to a second embodiment.

The safety device 1B is different from the safety device 1A except that the vehicle impact detection means 31 of the abnormality detection means in the safety device 1A is replaced with a damage detection means 33 for detecting damage to at least one of the battery device and the battery case. There is no difference. Abnormality detection means 30 of safety device 1B
Includes a damage detection unit 33 and a C / U 32 that issues an abnormal signal when the damage detection unit 33 detects damage to at least one of the battery device and the battery case.

The damage detecting means 33 causes distortion in the battery device 10 and the battery case 20 when, for example, a shock is applied to the vehicle itself so that the battery itself is damaged. Therefore, the damage is detected by detecting the distortion. There are things to detect. A strain gauge is preferably used as a means for detecting such strain. As the strain gauge 33, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of strain gauges 33 are attached to the wall surface of the battery case. The strain gauge 33 may be attached to the battery 11.

In the case of the strain gauge as described above, even when the battery is damaged due to a rear-end collision, a side collision, or a fall accident which cannot be grasped only by the G sensor, the strain can be detected directly from the battery device or the battery case. Therefore, the damage of the battery is accurately detected and the coolant is injected when the battery is damaged. Here, in the safety device 1B, regarding the type of FIG. 3 in which the strain gauge is adopted as the damage detection means, using the flowchart of FIG.
The operation procedure will be described.

First, in step S4, the C / U 32 detects the output voltage of the strain gauge. And step S
At 5, it is determined whether the output voltage is an allowable value.
If this determination is Yes, the process returns to step S4 and the detection of the output voltage of the strain gauge is repeated. On the other hand, if No,
An abnormal signal is issued assuming that the battery is damaged, and in step S6, the injector 42 is operated to inject the coolant into the battery case.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided another mode for more accurately responding to the secondary disaster caused by the damage of the battery when the vehicle encounters an accident such as a collision or a fall. It A third embodiment of the electric vehicle battery safety device according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a safety device 1C for an electric vehicle battery according to the third embodiment.

The safety device 1C includes an impact detection means 31 in the safety device 1A and a safety device 1B as abnormality detection means.
The safety devices 1A and 1B are the same as the safety devices 1A and 1B except that the damage detection means 33 for detecting damage to at least one of the battery device and the battery case in FIG. Here, in the safety device 1C, the G sensor 31 is adopted as the impact detecting means, and the strain gauge 3 is used as the damage detecting means.
Regarding the type of FIG. 5 that adopts No. 3, the operation procedure will be described using the flowchart of FIG.

First, the C / U 32 detects the output voltage of the G sensor and the output voltage of the strain gauge in steps S7 and S8. Then, it is determined whether or not the output voltage of the G sensor and the output voltage of the strain gauge are both allowable values. If this determination is Yes, the process returns to step S7 and the detection of the output voltage of the G sensor and the strain gauge is repeated.
On the other hand, in the case of No, an abnormal signal is generated assuming that the battery is damaged due to the collision, and in step 10, the injector 42 is operated to inject the coolant into the battery case.

As described above, since the safety device 1C employs the abnormality detecting means having the impact detecting means and the damage detecting means, when it collides with itself or when it is collided with another vehicle,
Accurately detect damage to the battery when it falls and prevent secondary disasters. By the way, when the battery used in the electric vehicle is a lead storage battery or a nickel-hydrogen storage battery, the safety devices 1A, 1B, and 1C employ a neutralizer for the electrolytic solution instead of the coolant. For example,
In the case of a lead storage battery, since the electrolytic solution is an acidic solution, an alkaline solution is used as the neutralizing agent. Further, in the case of a nickel-hydrogen storage battery, since the electrolytic solution is a strong alkaline solution, an acidic solution is used as the neutralizing agent.

A secondary disaster due to battery damage may occur due to the outflow of a strong acid or strong alkaline electrolyte to the outside of the battery case. Therefore, in order to prevent the electrolyte from flowing out, The safety device 1A, 1
In B and 1C, an absorbent that absorbs the electrolytic solution is used instead of the coolant. In this case, when damage to the battery is detected, the absorbent is immediately injected into the battery case, and the electrolyte leaked from the battery is absorbed by the absorbent,
Outflow to the outside of the battery case is suppressed.

Further, as a secondary disaster caused by damage to the battery, a fire may occur due to exposure of the ignitable substance or short circuit due to dielectric breakdown. In order to deal with such a fire, in the safety devices 1A, 1B, 1C, a fire extinguishing agent is used instead of the coolant. Also,
When the battery used in the electric vehicle is, for example, a lead storage battery or a nickel-hydrogen storage battery, the inside thereof is filled with a strong acid or strong alkaline electrolyte. When such a battery is damaged, the electrolytic solution flows out from the inside. Therefore, as the battery damage detection means in the safety devices 1B and 1C, use a liquid leakage detection means that directly detects the leakage of the electrolytic solution. Is preferred. In this way, when the liquid leakage detection means is adopted, if the battery is damaged for some reason and the electrolytic solution leaks out, the leaked electrolytic solution is used to detect the damage, and a neutralizing agent or absorbent for the electrolytic solution is used. It can be immediately injected into the battery case.

Further, in the case of a battery containing an ignitable substance inside, when the battery is damaged, the ignitable substance inside is exposed, which may cause a fire as a secondary disaster. In such a case, the safety devices 1A, 1B, 1
It is preferable to further incorporate a fire detecting means for detecting a flame in the abnormality detecting means of C. As described above, when the abnormality detecting device having the fire detecting means is adopted, when the battery is damaged and ignites, the extinguishing agent can be immediately injected to the battery device.

If the battery is damaged, the electrical insulation of the battery may be destroyed, causing a short circuit.
When such a short circuit occurs, a fire may occur as a secondary disaster. In such a case, the safety device 1
It is preferable to further employ short-circuit detection means for detecting a short-circuit as the abnormality detection means of A, 1B, and 1C.
In this way, when the short-circuit detecting means is adopted, the fire extinguishing agent is immediately injected to the battery device in order to deal with a fire that may secondarily occur when the battery is damaged and short-circuited.

The above-mentioned fire detecting means and short-circuit detecting means may be adopted individually, but if they are used in combination, it is possible to deal with various situations such as battery damage. , More preferred.

[0045]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the battery safety device for an electric vehicle injects the coolant into the battery case when the abnormality of the vehicle is detected. Therefore, the battery is damaged due to the abnormality of the vehicle, and even if the high temperature contents, for example, the electrode in the high temperature molten state in the sodium-sulfur storage battery jumps out, it can be cooled by the coolant, so that the battery is damaged. It is possible to prevent secondary disasters that accompany it.

According to another aspect of the safety device for a battery for an electric vehicle of the present invention, when a vehicle abnormality is detected, a neutralizer for the electrolytic solution is injected into the battery case. Therefore, even if the battery is damaged due to an abnormality in the vehicle and the electrolytic solution that is a strong acid or strong alkaline solution leaks out, the electrolytic solution is neutralized, so that a secondary disaster associated with the battery damage can be prevented. it can.

According to the battery safety device for an electric vehicle of the third aspect, when the abnormality of the vehicle is detected, the absorbent of the electrolytic solution is injected into the battery case. Therefore, even if the battery is damaged due to an abnormality in the vehicle and the electrolytic solution that is a strong acid or strong alkaline solution leaks out, the electrolytic solution is absorbed by the absorbent and is prevented from flowing out of the battery case. It is possible to prevent a secondary disaster caused by battery damage.

The battery safety device for an electric vehicle of claim 4 injects a fire extinguishing agent into the battery case when an abnormality of the vehicle is detected. Therefore, even if the battery is damaged due to the abnormality of the vehicle and the ignitable contents are exposed to cause a fire, it is possible to immediately extinguish the fire and prevent a secondary disaster due to the battery damage. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to claim 5 detects the impact applied to the vehicle by the impact detection means, determines that the vehicle has collided when the impact of a predetermined value or more is detected, and damages the battery due to the collision. For example, a coolant, a neutralizing agent for the electrolytic solution, an absorbent for the electrolytic solution, or a fire extinguishing agent is injected into the battery case. Therefore, even if the battery is damaged due to the collision and the contents jump out, a secondary disaster can be prevented.

In the battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the damage detecting means directly detects the damage of at least one of the battery device and the battery case. Even when the battery is damaged due to an accident or the like, it is possible to sufficiently detect the battery damage and inject the coolant, the electrolytic solution neutralizing agent, the electrolytic solution absorbing agent, or the fire extinguishing agent into the battery case. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a secondary disaster from occurring due to battery damage.

Since the electric vehicle battery safety device according to the seventh aspect includes the impact detection means and the damage detection means, it is possible to detect the damage to the battery more accurately. According to the battery safety device for an electric vehicle of the eighth aspect, since the acceleration sensor is used as the impact detecting means, the collision of the vehicle can be detected from the rapid change of the acceleration (G) of the vehicle.

Since the battery safety device for an electric vehicle of claim 9 uses a strain gauge as the damage detecting means, the permanent strain of at least one of the battery device and the battery case is detected, and the battery is damaged from this strain. Can be detected. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to claim 10 employs, as the damage detecting means, a liquid leak detecting means for detecting a leak of the electrolytic solution of the battery.
Damage to the battery can be detected from the electrolyte leakage.

In the battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, since the fire detecting means for detecting the fire of the battery device is incorporated in the abnormality detecting means, the ignitable contents in the battery are exposed and ignite. It is possible to detect a fire caused by this, and immediately extinguish the fire by injecting the extinguishing agent when the fire is detected. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to claim 12 incorporates a short-circuit detecting means for detecting a short circuit of the battery in the abnormality detecting means, so that the insulation is destroyed by the damage of the battery, and the fire is extinguished when the battery is short-circuited. Since the agent is injected into the battery case, the occurrence of secondary fire can be suppressed.

Since the safety device for a battery for an electric vehicle according to claim 13 uses a non-combustible gas as a coolant,
There is no risk of ignition of the coolant. Since the safety device for a battery for an electric vehicle according to claim 14 employs nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas as the coolant, it is easy to obtain and handle the coolant. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to claim 15 is capable of sufficiently preventing a secondary disaster due to battery damage even when a sodium-sulfur storage battery is used as the battery. Sodium-sulfur storage battery can be safely used and contributes to high performance of electric vehicles.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a battery safety device for an electric vehicle including an impact detection unit.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a procedure for detecting battery damage and preventing a secondary disaster in a battery safety device for an electric vehicle equipped with a shock detecting means.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a battery safety device for an electric vehicle, which is equipped with a damage detection unit.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure of detecting battery damage and preventing a secondary disaster in a battery safety device for an electric vehicle equipped with damage detection means.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a battery safety device for an electric vehicle, which includes an impact detection unit and a damage detection unit.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a procedure for detecting battery damage and preventing a secondary disaster in a battery safety device for an electric vehicle that includes an impact detection unit and a damage detection unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1A 1st safety device 1B 2nd safety device 1C 3rd safety device 10 Battery device 11 Battery 20 Battery case 30 Abnormality detection means 31 Impact detection means (acceleration sensor) 32 C / U (control unit) 33 Damage detection means (Strain gauge) 40 Emergency device 41 Cylinder 42 Injector 43 Nozzle

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A battery device for connecting a plurality of batteries to drive a running motor of an electric vehicle, a battery case in which the battery device is fixedly housed, and an abnormality for detecting an abnormality of the electric vehicle and issuing an abnormality signal. Battery safety for an electric vehicle, comprising: detection means; and an emergency device that includes a coolant for the battery and injects the coolant into the battery case when the abnormal signal is issued. apparatus. 2. A battery device for connecting a plurality of batteries to drive a traveling motor of an electric vehicle, a battery case in which the battery device is fixedly housed, and an abnormality for detecting an abnormality of the electric vehicle and issuing an abnormality signal. And an emergency device for ejecting the electrolyte neutralizing agent into the battery case when the abnormal signal is issued. Safety device for electric vehicle batteries. 3. A battery device for connecting a plurality of batteries to drive a traveling motor of an electric vehicle, a battery case in which the battery device is fixedly housed, and an abnormality for detecting an abnormality of the electric vehicle and issuing an abnormality signal. And an emergency device that includes an absorbent for the electrolytic solution of the battery and injects the absorbent for the electrolytic solution into the battery case when the abnormal signal is issued. Battery safety device for electric vehicles. 4. A battery device for connecting a plurality of batteries to drive a traveling motor of an electric vehicle, a battery case in which the battery device is fixedly housed, and an abnormality for detecting an abnormality of the electric vehicle and issuing an abnormality signal. A safety device for an electric vehicle battery, comprising: detection means; and an emergency device that includes a fire extinguishing agent and injects the fire extinguishing agent into the battery case when the abnormal signal is issued. 5. The abnormality detecting means has at least impact detecting means for detecting that an impact force of a predetermined value or more is applied to the electric vehicle, and when the impact detecting means detects an impact of a predetermined value or more. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an abnormal signal is emitted to the battery. 6. The abnormality detecting means includes damage detecting means for detecting damage to at least one of the battery device and the battery case, and the damage detecting means damages at least one of the battery device and the battery case. The safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an abnormal signal is emitted when the electric power is detected. 7. The abnormality detection means further includes damage detection means for detecting damage to at least one of the battery device and the battery case, and the damage detection means includes at least one of the battery device and the battery case. The safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to claim 5, wherein an abnormal signal is issued when the breakage is detected. 8. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the impact detection means is an acceleration sensor. 9. The breakage detection means is a strain gauge provided in at least one of the battery device and the battery case, and detects strain in at least one of the battery device, and the abnormality detection means is configured such that the strain gauge has a predetermined value. 9. The safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to claim 6, which outputs an abnormal signal when the above strain is detected. 10. The damage detecting means includes a liquid leak detecting means for detecting a leak of an electrolytic solution filled in the battery, and the abnormality detecting means includes a liquid leak detecting means for detecting a leak of the electrolytic solution. 9. The safety device for an electric vehicle battery according to claim 6, which emits an abnormal signal when the electric vehicle is operated. 11. The abnormality detecting means further comprises a fire detecting means for detecting a fire in the battery device, and outputs an abnormality signal when the fire detecting means detects a fire. A safety device for a battery for an electric vehicle as described above. 12. The abnormality detecting means further includes a short circuit detecting means for detecting a short circuit of the battery, and outputs an abnormal signal when the short circuit detecting means detects a short circuit of the battery. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims. 13. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the coolant is a non-combustible gas. 14. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the non-combustible gas is nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas. 15. The battery safety device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the battery is a sodium-sulfur storage battery.