JPH0985622A - Electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [PROBLEMS] To enable highly efficient, stable, and highly accurate grinding. SOLUTION: When a switch 7 is switched to a contact 7a, a conductive grindstone 1 is connected positively and an electrode 2 is connected negatively to grindstone 1.
A machining liquid is caused to flow from the nozzle 5 between the electrode 2 and the electrode 2 to perform the conventional electrolytic in-process dressing process. When switched to the contact 7b, the grindstone 1 is negative, and is a conductive workpiece 6
Is switched to positive, and the workpiece 6 is electrolytically eluted in the processing liquid.
By switching the contacts 7a and 7b, highly accurate electrolytic in-process dressing grinding and highly efficient electrolytic elution are performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a conductive work piece using one conductive grindstone by an electrolytic in-process dressing method. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a grinding method and an apparatus for electrolytically eluting by electrolytic action in a grinding method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A grindstone used for grinding (hereinafter referred to as machining) contains electrically insulating and hard fine particles such as diamond, alumina and silicon carbide, which are abrasive grains. The fine particles are fixed by a conductive binder, and the abrasive grains protrude from the grinding surface of the grindstone to perform the cutting action of the workpiece. However, since the abrasive grains are minute and the cutting depth is shallow, problems such as the grinding of the grindstone, the increase of the grinding resistance due to the clogging, and the seizure with the workpiece become problems in the processing. In recent years, a grinding method as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-188266 has been put into practical use in order to remove such blind spots and perform processing while always maintaining a predetermined cutting depth.

The grinding method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-188266 is an electrolytic dressing method in which a voltage is applied to a conductive grindstone, and the grindstone is electrolytically dressed while being processed. The electrode is arranged so as to face the working surface, a weakly conductive working liquid is filled between the grindstone and the electrode, and a voltage is applied so that the grindstone serves as a positive electrode and the electrode serves as a negative electrode. The process is performed while eluting a conductive binder to cause electrically insulating abrasive grains to protrude from the grinding surface of the grindstone and performing dressing for removing clogging.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the system configuration of a conventional electrolytic in-process dressing process.
1 is a grindstone, 2 is an electrode, 3 is a power supply brush, 4 is a power source for electrolysis, 5 is a nozzle for flowing a machining liquid, 6 is a workpiece, and 10 is a machining center.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a machining method using the machining center 10. The machining center 10 has a disc-shaped grindstone on a vertical shaft 1a provided apart from a horizontal work table 10a. 1 is rotatably mounted around a shaft 1a, and a workpiece 6 is mounted on a work table 10a. Further, the grindstone 1 is provided with an electrode 2 which is opposed to the grindstone 1 in the vicinity of the outer peripheral processed surface thereof, and a power supply brush 3 for feeding power to the grindstone 1 by sliding on the shaft 1a. The negative power supply terminal 4b of the electrolysis power supply 4 and the power supply brush 3 are connected to the positive power supply terminal 4a. Further, a nozzle 5 for flowing a working liquid is provided between the grindstone 1 and the electrode 2 provided so as to face each other.

The grinding wheel 1 for grinding is, for example, an electric disk provided with a grindstone portion formed by bonding the above-mentioned electrically insulating abrasive grains with a conductive binder to the processed surface of a metal disk-shaped outer periphery. A conductor,
The processing liquid is, for example, a water-soluble grinding oil agent diluted with pure water, and a trace amount of an electrolytic solution such as hydrochloric acid is added to provide an electrolyte.

The machining of the workpiece 6 by the machining center 10 applies a voltage from the electrolysis power source 4 while flowing a machining liquid from the nozzle 5 between the grindstone 1 of the positive electrode and the electrode 2 of the negative electrode.
This is performed while dressing the grindstone 1 in-process by electrolytic action. That is, the grindstone 1 of the positive electrode is electrolyzed in the electrolytic processing liquid to dissolve the conductive binder and form an oxide film, and the electrically insulating abrasive grains are dressed without being electrolyzed. In addition, although the example of the above-mentioned processing uses the machining center 10, it is not particularly limited to this processing method.

Although the conventional electrolytic in-process dressing processing method shown in FIG. 2 can perform processing with higher efficiency and higher precision than the processing by the ordinary grinding method, it can be used in the binder of the grinding wheel 1 of the positive electrode or in the processing liquid. The components, etc., undergo an electrolytic action to form a non-conductive film or a deposit such as a metal oxide on the surface to hinder the dissolution of the binder, reduce the conductivity of the surface of the electrode 2, and necessarily have a high processing efficiency. There was no stability.

The "grinding stone dressing method and grinding method using the same" disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-256575 is produced by using the grindstone 1 as a positive electrode and the electrode 2 as a negative electrode in the conventional electrolytic dressing method described above. In order to remove the non-conductive coating and the deposits, the grindstone 1 is appropriately used as the negative electrode,
This is a method in which the electrode 2 is switched to the positive electrode for dressing.

[0010]

In the electrolytic in-process dressing process, a grinding stone dressing method for appropriately reversing the electric polarities of the above-mentioned conductive grinding stone and the electrode is to remove the deposit on the electrode caused by the electrolytic action. Therefore, it is effective in that the grinding can be performed while being sharpened during the entire period of the grinding, but since the machining itself is performed only by the grinding, highly accurate machining is performed. However, when the same grinding process is applied to one workpiece 6,
The processing efficiency is not high, and particularly when the processing amount is large, the processing efficiency is poor and the processing time is wasted.

According to the present invention, a highly efficient machining can be performed by grinding a work having a conductive property such as a metal material by electrolytic in-process dressing processing method and using the function of electrolytically eluting the work together. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method and apparatus capable of realizing stable processing.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a conductive grindstone is used as a positive electrode, an electrode provided opposite to the grindstone is used as a negative electrode, and a workpiece is ground while dressing the grindstone. In the process dressing grinding method, the grindstone is appropriately switched from the positive electrode to the negative electrode, and the negative electrode of the grindstone is electrolyzed by the switching operation using the conductive workpiece as the positive electrode, and the grindstone is sharpened. Achieve high-efficiency processing by using both grinding of workpieces and electrolytic feeding. Also, by electrolyzing the workpiece side, a film that is easier to remove from the base material is generated on the surface of the workpiece to facilitate removal of the workpiece. It is possible to proceed with the removal of the work piece by the electrolytic elution of, and accelerate the progress of the grinding process. Furthermore, by forming a film on both the surface of the grindstone and the work piece, even in a grinding state where the grindstone binder and the work piece are in direct contact, grinding burn is less likely to occur, and the grindstone It enables large cutting depth and high-speed feed processing, and enables highly efficient processing.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, in order to electrolyze the conductive workpiece, a switching operation for switching the workpiece to a positive electrode and the grindstone to a negative electrode is periodically performed during a processing period. In this way, stable processing is possible under highly efficient processing conditions.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the first aspect of the invention, in order to electrolyze the conductive workpiece, a switching operation for switching the workpiece to a positive electrode and the grindstone to a negative electrode is performed for each machining pass to perform machining. In the initial stage, the work is continued as a positive electrode, and the grindstone side is set as a positive electrode near the end of processing, thereby enabling highly efficient processing.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the invention, the removal amount and surface roughness of the workpiece are measured during machining or for each machining pass, and when the grinding of the workpiece is completed,
In order to perform the electrolysis so that the removal amount of the workpiece is a target removal amount and the target surface roughness is obtained,
By automatically deciding the switching timing of the switching operation of the positive and negative electrodes to be switched, it is possible to perform processing with high efficiency and high accuracy.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power source device for electrolysis, and a conductive grindstone is used as a positive electrode, and an electrode provided opposite to the grindstone is used as a negative electrode. In an electrolytic in-process dressing grinding apparatus for grinding an object, the electrolysis power supply device is provided with a switching device for switching between positive and negative electrodes of electrolysis, and the grinding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is performed. The electrolytic impress dressing grinding apparatus described above can be provided.

[0017]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram for explaining an example of an embodiment of an electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method and apparatus according to the present invention.
Is a grindstone, 2 is an electrode, 3 is a power supply brush, 4 is a power source for electrolysis,
5 is a nozzle for flowing the machining liquid, 6 is a workpiece, 7 is a switch,
Reference numeral 8 is an insulator and 10 is a machining center.

The system configuration of the machining center 10 shown in FIG. 1 has substantially the same system configuration as that of the machining center 10 shown in FIG. 2, and the portions having the same functions as those of FIG. 2 are the same as those of FIG. Since the reference numbers are attached, these explanations are omitted. However, the workpiece 6 of the machining center 10 shown in FIG. 1 is electrically conductive and is not directly attached to the work table 10a, but an insulator 8 is interposed between the work 6 and the work table 10a. are doing. The power supply brush 3b contacts the workpiece 6, and the power supply brush 3b is connected to the positive terminal 7b via the switch 7.

A switch 7 is connected to the positive terminal 4a and the negative terminal 4b of the electrolysis power source 4, and when the switch 7 is switched to the contact 7a side, the grindstone 1 side is connected to the positive electrode and the electrode 2 side is connected to the negative electrode. Then, electrolytic in-process dressing processing similar to that of the conventional machining center 10 shown in FIG. 2 is performed, and when the switch 7 is switched to the contact 7b side, the grindstone 1 side is connected to the negative electrode and the workpiece A positive electrode is connected to 6 and the electrode 2 is an electrodeless, so that the workpiece 6 that has become a positive electrode is electrolyzed.

The machining fluid flowing from the nozzle 5 flows between the grindstone 1 and the electrode 2 and between the grindstone 1 and the workpiece 6, and when the switch 7 is switched to the contact 7a, the conductivity becomes a positive electrode. When the workpiece 6 is processed while dressing the grindstone 1 of No. 1 and is switched to the contact 7b, the conductive workpiece 6
Since the side becomes the positive pole and the grindstone 1 side becomes the negative pole, the workpiece 6
The machining fluid flowing between the grinding wheel 1 and the grindstone 1 becomes an electrolytic solution, and the workpiece 6 is electrolytically eluted. In addition, it is more effective to install a dedicated nozzle 5 between the grindstone 1 and the workpiece 6 to allow the working liquid to flow.

By appropriately performing the switching operation for switching the switch 7 to the contact 7a or the contact 7b, the usual electrolytic in-process dressing process and the electrolytic elution of the workpiece 6 can be performed. When electrolytically leaching the workpiece 6, the oxide film and deposits formed on the surface of the grindstone 1 during electrolytic in-process dressing are removed, and conversely,
When the workpiece 6 is electrolytically eluted, a film is formed on the surface of the workpiece 6 that is easier to remove from the base material. Therefore, when the contact point is switched to the 7a side and electrolytic in-process dressing processing is performed, the workpiece 6 is removed. Can be easily removed.

However, there is a work 6 which is not easily formed with a film during electrolytic elution, but since this is easily electrolyzed, the work 6 can be removed by electrolytic elution, and the removal of the work 6 proceeds. Can be made. In this way, by appropriately eluting the workpiece 6, in general,
A film is formed on the surface of the workpiece 6, and this film can prevent grinding burn from occurring even in a grinding state in which the binder of the grindstone 1 and the workpiece 6 are in direct contact. Also,
Electrolytic elution of the workpiece 6 facilitates removal of the workpiece 6 and enables large cutting of the grindstone 1 or high-speed feed processing, resulting in highly efficient processing (claim 1
Corresponding to).

Therefore, by periodically performing the operation of switching the contact 7a or 7b of the switch 7 during processing,
Highly efficient processing is possible compared with the case of grinding only by electrolytic in-process dressing processing method, and moreover,
Stable and highly accurate machining is possible (corresponding to claim 2).

In addition, in the electrolytic elution process of the work piece 6 in which the switch 7 is switched to the contact 7b, the work piece 6 can be easily removed and the grindstone 1 can be cut into a large area, so that an electrolytic action is given. In consideration of the processing amount and processing accuracy of the switching operation of the switch 7 of, the processing path (Passage)
More efficient processing can be performed by selecting and performing each. Specifically, in the initial stage of processing, the contact 7a is switched to, electrolytic elution is performed with the workpiece 6 as a positive electrode, high-efficiency rough processing is performed, and this is continued until near the completion of processing, and contact 7b near the completion of processing. By performing the electrolytic in-process dressing grinding with the grindstone 1 as the positive electrode, it is possible to realize high-speed processing capable of stably performing highly accurate finishing similar to normal electrolytic in-process dressing processing (claim). (Corresponding to item 3).

Further, the electrolytic in-process dressing process and the removal amount and surface roughness of the workpiece 6 in electrolytic elution depend on the material of the workpiece 6 and various electrolysis conditions such as the electrolysis power source 4 containing the machining liquid. Although the removal amount and the surface roughness can be confirmed in advance by experiments, the removal amount and the surface roughness of the workpiece 6 are measured during processing or for each processing pass, and finally based on the measurement result. The switch 7 can be switched so that the target removal amount of the workpiece 6 and the target surface roughness are achieved. Therefore, the removal amount of the workpiece 6 and the surface roughness can be measured, and the switching timing of the switch 7 can be automatically set. Based on this setting, automatic processing can be performed while feeding back the measurement amount (corresponding to claim 4). .

In the embodiment of the invention described above, the conventional machining center 10 and the electrolysis power source 4 shown in FIG. 2 are provided with the switch 7 for switching the positive and negative of the electrolysis action, and the work table 10a is provided with a workpiece. 6 and machining center 10
An insulating material 8 is provided to insulate the electric power supply brush 3b from the switch 7 into contact with the workpiece 6. That is, a switch 7 for switching between positive and negative electrolysis is provided as compared with the conventional electrolytic in-process dressing processing apparatus.
The electrolytic in-process dressing processing apparatus embodying the invention described in claims 1 to 4 can be obtained only by providing the insulating material 8 and the insulator 8 (corresponding to claim 5).

[0027]

The effect corresponding to claim 1 is that the conductive grindstone is the positive electrode, the electrode provided facing the grindstone is the negative electrode,
In the electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method of grinding a workpiece while dressing the grindstone, the grindstone is appropriately switched from a positive electrode to a negative electrode, and the negative electrode of the grindstone is electrolyzed by a switching operation of a conductive workpiece. Since the processing is performed, since the grinding of the workpiece while sharpening the grindstone and the electrolytic elution are used together, the processing can be performed with high efficiency. Also, by electrolyzing the work side, a film that is easier to remove from the base material is created on the surface of the work, so it is easier to remove the work. Since the work piece can be removed by electrolytic elution of the material, the progress of the grinding process can be accelerated. Furthermore, because a film is formed on the surface of both the grindstone and the work piece, even in a grinding condition where the grindstone binder and the work piece are in direct contact, grinding burn is less likely to occur and a large cut in the grindstone ， High-speed feed processing has become possible, enabling highly efficient processing.

Effect corresponding to claim 2: In order to perform electrolysis of the conductive workpiece according to the invention of claim 1, a switching operation for switching the workpiece to the positive electrode and the grindstone to the negative electrode is performed during the processing period. Since it is carried out regularly, stable machining is possible under highly efficient machining conditions.

Effect corresponding to claim 3: In order to electrolyze the conductive workpiece according to the invention of claim 1, a switching operation for switching the workpiece to the positive electrode and the grindstone to the negative electrode is performed for each machining pass. The workpiece is continued as a positive electrode at the beginning of processing, and the grinding wheel side is set as a positive electrode near the end of processing, so rough processing is performed at high speed from the beginning of processing to the end of processing, and precision processing is performed near the end of processing. Therefore, stable and highly accurate machining is performed with high efficiency.

Effect corresponding to claim 4: In the invention according to claim 3, the removal amount and surface roughness of the workpiece are measured during machining or for each machining pass, and the grinding of the workpiece is completed. At this time, the removal amount of the workpiece is the target removal amount, and the switching time of the switching operation of the positive and negative electrodes to be switched is automatically performed in order to perform the electrolysis so that the target surface roughness is obtained. By deciding to, highly efficient and highly accurate machining can be performed.

Effect corresponding to claim 5: Having a power supply device for electrolysis, a conductive grindstone is used as a positive electrode, and an electrode provided opposite to the grindstone is used as a negative electrode. In an electrolytic in-process dressing grinding processing device for grinding a workpiece, in the electrolytic power supply device,
Since the grinding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided by providing the switching device for switching between positive and negative electrodes of electrolysis, the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is obtained. An electrolytic impress dressing grinding apparatus can be easily provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram for explaining an example of an embodiment of an electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method and apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a system configuration of conventional electrolytic in-process dressing processing.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Grinding stone, 2 ... Electrode, 3 ... Power supply brush, 4 ... Electrolysis power supply, 5 ... Nozzle for flowing machining fluid, 6 ... Workpiece, 7 ... Switch, 8 ... Insulator, 10 ... Machining center.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method for dressing a workpiece while dressing the grindstone using a conductive grindstone as a positive electrode and an electrode provided opposite to the grindstone as a negative electrode. Is switched from a positive electrode to a negative electrode, and the negative electrode of the grindstone is electrolyzed by a switching operation in which a conductive workpiece is used as a positive electrode. 2. In order to electrolyze the conductive workpiece, a switching operation for switching the workpiece to a positive electrode and the grindstone to a negative electrode is periodically performed during a machining period. The electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method described. 3. In order to perform electrolysis of the conductive workpiece,
A switching operation for switching the workpiece to a positive electrode and the grindstone to a negative electrode is performed for each machining pass, the workpiece is continued as a positive electrode in the initial stage of machining, and the grindstone side becomes a positive electrode near the end of machining. Item 2. The electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method according to Item 1. 4. A removal amount targeted for the removal amount of the workpiece when the removal amount or surface roughness of the workpiece is measured during machining or for each machining pass and the grinding of the workpiece is completed. 4. And, the switching timing of the switching operation of the positive and negative electrodes for performing the electrolysis is automatically determined so that the target surface roughness is obtained.
The electrolytic in-process dressing grinding method according to. 5. An electrolysis system having an electrolysis power supply device, wherein a conductive grindstone is used as a positive electrode, and an electrode provided opposite to the grindstone is used as a negative electrode to grind a conductive work piece while dressing the grindstone. An in-process dressing grinding apparatus, wherein the electrolysis power supply device has a switching device for switching positive and negative electrodes of electrolysis, and performs the grinding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Electrolytic in-process dressing grinding machine.