JPH0994485A - Residue separation device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [PROBLEMS] To provide a residue separating device in an oil treatment facility for waste plastic materials, which can surely prevent gas outflow from a shaft seal portion and reduce the risk of ignition. SOLUTION: A centrifuge body 10 having a solid-liquid separation chamber 15 therein, a casing 21 surrounding the centrifuge body 10 in a sealed state, and rotating shafts 24, 25 connected to both ends of a rotating outer cylinder 12. Bearings 44 and 45 that rotatably support the
And the gas generated in the casing 21
In order to prevent the gas from leaking to the outside of the casing 21 through the shaft seal portions 26 and 27 of No. 1, the seal gas supply means 28 for sealing the seal gas in the shaft seal portions 26 and 27 and the casing 21 are attached. It comprises a pressure detecting means 40 for measuring the pressure fluctuation of the gas in 21 and a control device 41 for activating the abnormal pressure warning means 42 based on the detection output from the pressure detecting means 40.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for removing residues from oil, and more particularly to a device for separating and removing carbon residues from pyrolysis oil generated in a pyrolysis tank used for oil treatment equipment for waste plastic materials. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste plastic material oil treatment equipment has been used to effectively utilize the waste plastic material, and its processing flow will be briefly described below with reference to FIG. The waste plastic material crushed into small pieces and temporarily stored in the waste plastic receiving tank 50 is conveyed by the conveyor 51.
The heat medium supplied from the heat medium oil circulation heating furnace 52 conveys the inside of the extruder 53 heated to about 300 ° C., liquefies it, and carries it into the raw material mixing tank 54 heated to about 350 ° C. . When the waste plastic material is heated to a high temperature in the extruder 53 and the raw material mixing tank 54, the chlorine contained therein becomes hydrogen chloride and is vaporized. Therefore, this vaporized component is passed through the hydrochloric acid neutralization tower 55 and neutralized by caustic soda. doing. The molten plastic carried out from the raw material mixing tank 54 is
It is heated to about 400 ° C. in the pyrolysis tank 56 and pyrolyzed to generate pyrolysis oil vapor and pyrolysis oil. In order to keep the temperature of the pyrolysis tank 56 at a high temperature, a pyrolysis oil circulation heating furnace 57 is provided, and a portion of the pyrolysis oil is circulated and heated. The solid-liquid separation device 5 is provided in a part of this circulation channel.
8 is provided to separate carbon, which is a solid contained in the pyrolysis oil. The thermal cracked oil vapor generated by thermal cracking in the thermal cracking tank 56 is supplied to the catalytic cracking tank 59 in which a catalyst such as zeolite is arranged and becomes a low molecular weight hydrocarbon compound. Since the pyrolyzed oil vapor generated from contains a small amount of chlorine component (hydrogen chloride), the chlorine component is removed by providing a dechlorination tank 60 filled with quick lime inside.

The hydrocarbon gas further decomposed by the catalytic cracking tank 59 is cooled by a total compressor 61 having the same structure as the heat exchanger, and becomes oil (total condensed oil) such as gasoline, kerosene or light oil. It is temporarily stored in the all-condensed oil receiving tank 62 and finally stored in the all-condensed oil storage tank 63. On the other hand, the total contractor 6
The gas that has not been liquefied even by 1 is sent to the catalytic cracking gas holder 65 by the fan 64, part of which is used as fuel for the thermal cracking oil circulation heating furnace 57 and the heating medium oil circulation heating furnace 52, and the other is burned. It is processed and released from the chimney 66 to the atmosphere. Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-328411,
Solid-liquid separation device 5 for separating carbon residue from pyrolysis oil generated in the pyrolysis tank 59 due to pyrolysis of molten plastic in the above-mentioned waste plastic material oil treatment facility.
8, the solid-liquid separation device 58 is provided with a supply port 71 for pyrolyzed oil containing carbon residue in one of the centrifuges 70, as shown in FIG. A discharge port 72 for pyrolyzed oil after separating carbon residue is provided on the side of the centrifuge 70, and a water-cooled discharge device 73 for cooling the separated carbon residue is provided at the bottom of the centrifuge 70. The configuration is provided. With this configuration, carbon residue can be efficiently separated from pyrolyzed oil and can be continuously extracted, and caulking (clogged pipe) caused by carbon residue attached to the inner wall of the pipe can be prevented. can do.

[0004]

However, in the solid-liquid separation device 58 using the centrifugal separator 70 described above, since pyrolyzed oil is flammable, a perfect shaft seal is required. It is necessary to use a non-contact seal (a nitrogen gas blown labyrinth seal, a nitrogen gas blown carbon segment seal, etc.) as the rotary seal of the machine 70. However, since the thermal decomposition in the thermal decomposition tank 59 is random, the components and amount of the gas contained in the thermal decomposition oil are constantly changing. Therefore, when the pyrolyzed oil having a large gas component is supplied into the centrifuge 70, the pressure of the gas in the centrifuge 70 exceeds the pressure of the blown nitrogen gas and passes through these non-contact seal parts. Gas component leaks to the outside,
May ignite. Further, when the supplied plastic is waste, the change in the amount of generated gas may be further increased, and the amount of leaked gas components may be increased. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a residue separation device that can reliably prevent gas from flowing out from the shaft seal portion and reduce the risk of ignition.

[0005]

A method according to the above-mentioned object.
In the residue separation device described above, a rotating inner cylinder having spiral blades on its outer peripheral surface is concentrically and relatively rotatably disposed inside the rotating outer cylinder, and is fixed between the rotating outer cylinder and the rotating inner cylinder. A liquid separation chamber is formed, an oil outlet is provided at one end of the solid-liquid separation chamber, and a residue outlet is provided at the other end, and a raw liquid inflow hollow shaft is inserted into the raw liquid inflow space formed in the rotating inner cylinder. And a centrifuge body in which the stock solution inflow space and the solid-liquid separation chamber are communicatively connected through a flow hole, a casing surrounding the centrifuge body in a sealed state, and both ends of the rotating outer cylinder. A bearing for rotatably supporting a rotating shaft connected to the shaft, and a gas generated in the casing through the shaft seal portion of the casing, in order to prevent leakage to the outside of the casing, to the shaft seal portion. A sealing gas supply means for sealing a sealing gas, Attached to the ring, composed of a pressure detecting means for measuring the pressure fluctuations of the gas in the casing, on the basis of the detection output from said pressure detecting means, and a control device for actuating the abnormal pressure warning means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the residue separating device, a rotating inner cylinder having spiral blades on its outer peripheral surface is concentrically and relatively rotatably arranged in the rotating outer cylinder, and the rotating outer cylinder and the rotating inner cylinder are rotated. A solid-liquid separation chamber is formed between the cylinder and the solid-liquid separation chamber, and an oil outlet is provided at one end of the solid-liquid separation chamber and a residue outlet is provided at the other end of the solid-liquid separation chamber. A hollow separator for advancing, a centrifuge main body formed by connecting the stock solution inflow space and the solid-liquid separation chamber to each other through a flow hole, and a casing surrounding the centrifuge main body in a sealed state,
A bearing for rotatably supporting a rotating shaft connected to both ends of the rotating outer cylinder and gas generated in the casing are prevented from leaking out of the casing through a shaft seal portion of the casing. , A sealing gas supply means for sealing a sealing gas in the shaft seal part, a pressure detection means attached to the casing for measuring the pressure fluctuation of the gas in the casing, and a detection output from the pressure detection means. Based on the above, it comprises means for adjusting the amount or pressure of the sealing gas from the sealing gas supply means to the shaft seal portion.

[0007]

In the residue separating apparatus according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the stock solution is fed from the stock solution inflow hollow shaft into the stock solution inflow space in the rotary inner cylinder while the rotary outer cylinder and the rotary inner cylinder are relatively rotated. The stock solution is introduced into the solid-liquid separation chamber through the flow hole. In the solid-liquid separation chamber, the undiluted liquid is subjected to a centrifugal action to separate into oil and a residue, and the oil is transferred to an oil outlet provided at one end of the solid-liquid separation chamber and also to the outside through the oil outlet. On the other hand, the residue is transferred to a residue take-out port provided at the other end of the solid-liquid separation chamber by a spiral blade provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary inner cylinder, and taken out through the residue take-out port. At this time, a gas component is generated from the undiluted solution or oil in the solid-liquid separation chamber, and a part of the gas component flows into the casing. If the gas component causes an abnormally high pressure in the casing, the gas is There is a risk of leaking to the outside through the seal.

However, in the residue separating apparatus according to claim 1, the casing is provided with a pressure detecting means for measuring the pressure fluctuation of the gas in the casing, and the pressure detecting means is used for the gas in the casing. When it is detected that the pressure is abnormally high, the abnormal pressure alarm means is activated via the control device. Therefore, the worker can promptly increase the amount of the sealing gas supplied from the sealing gas supply means to the shaft seal portion and reliably prevent the gas from leaking to the outside through the shaft seal portion. it can.

Further, in the residue separating apparatus according to the second aspect, the casing is provided with a pressure detecting means for measuring the pressure fluctuation of the gas in the casing, and the pressure detecting means is provided for the gas in the casing. When it detects that the pressure of the sealing gas has become abnormally high, it activates the means for adjusting the sealing gas flow rate or sealing gas pressure through the control device, and the sealing gas from the sealing gas supply means to the shaft sealing portion is sealed. Increase the volume or sealing gas pressure. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the gas from leaking outside through the shaft seal portion.

[0010]

In the residue separating apparatus according to the present invention, the casing is provided with a pressure detecting means for measuring the pressure fluctuation of the gas in the casing, and the pressure detecting means is used for the gas in the casing. When it is detected that the pressure is abnormally high, the abnormal pressure alarm means is activated via the control device. Therefore, the worker can promptly increase the amount of the sealing gas supplied from the sealing gas supply means to the shaft seal portion and reliably prevent the gas from leaking to the outside through the shaft seal portion. The risk of ignition can be reduced. Further, in the residue separating apparatus according to claim 2, the casing is equipped with a pressure detecting means for measuring the pressure fluctuation of the gas in the casing, and the pressure detecting means is arranged to detect the pressure of the gas in the casing. When an abnormally high level is detected, the means for adjusting the sealing gas flow rate or sealing gas pressure is activated via the control device, and the amount of sealing gas or sealing gas from the sealing gas supply means to the shaft seal portion is activated. Increase the stop gas pressure. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the gas from leaking to the outside through the shaft seal portion, and to reduce the risk of ignition.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. The present embodiment is a case where the residue separating apparatus A is used for separating and removing carbon residues from pyrolysis oil generated in the pyrolysis tank in the residue removal method in the waste plastic material oil treatment equipment. is there. Here, FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a residue separating apparatus A according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, a centrifuge main body 10 which is a main part of the residue separating apparatus A has a rotating outer cylinder 12 installed horizontally on a work floor surface 11, and a concentric circle inside the rotating outer cylinder 12. And a rotatable inner cylinder 14 having spiral blades 13 provided on the outer peripheral surface over the entire length. A solid-liquid separation chamber 15 is formed between the outer rotating cylinder 12 and the inner rotating cylinder 14. An oil outlet 16 is formed at one end of the solid-liquid separating chamber 15 and a residue is formed at the other end. An outlet 17 is formed. As shown in the drawing, the rotating outer cylinder 12 has a gradually decreasing inner diameter from the central portion thereof toward the residue take-out port 17, and correspondingly, the rotating inner cylinder 14
Also, the spiral blade 13 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the blade has its outer diameter gradually reduced from the central portion thereof toward the residue outlet 17, thereby facilitating the removal of the residue after the solid-liquid separation process described later. Rotating inner cylinder 1
Into the undiluted solution inflow space 18 formed inside 4, the tip of the undiluted solution inflow hollow shaft 19 enters, and the carbon residue, which is undiluted solution, passes through the undiluted solution inflow hollow shaft 19 using an oil feed pump (not shown). The contained pyrolyzed oil is supplied into the centrifuge body 10. On the other hand, the stock solution inflow space 18 and the solid-liquid separation chamber 15 are communicated with each other through the flow hole 20, and the pyrolysis oil containing carbon residue passes through the flow hole 20 from the stock solution inflow space 18 to the solid-liquid separation chamber 15. It will flow in.

Further, the centrifuge body 10 is surrounded by a casing 21 which is composed of a long rectangular box, and the casing 21 is provided at both ends of its bottom wall.
The oil outlet 16 of the centrifuge body 10 described above, respectively
And oil extraction pipe connection port 22 that communicates with the residue extraction port 17
And a residue extraction pipe connection port 23 are provided. Also,
The centrifuge body 10 has a rotating shaft 2 on each side thereof.
4 and 25 are integrally connected, and these rotary shafts 2
The bearings 4 and 25 are rotatably supported by bearings 44 and 45, which are fixedly mounted on the work floor 11. Shaft seal portions 26 and 27 are provided near the bearings 44 and 45. As the shaft seal portions 26 and 27, a nitrogen gas blown labyrinth seal, a nitrogen gas blown carbon segment seal, or the like can be preferably used.
Further, in this embodiment, in the residue separating apparatus A, the gas in which the gas generated from the pyrolysis oil is mixed in the casing 21 leaks to the outside of the casing 21 through the shaft seal portions 26 and 27 described above. In order to prevent this, the shaft seal portions 26 and 27 have a sealing gas supply means 28 for filling a sealing gas such as nitrogen gas. As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the sealing gas supply means 28 includes a storage container 29 filled with high-pressure low-temperature liquid nitrogen and shaft seal portions 26, 2.
7 are connected to each other by a sealing gas supply pipe 30, and
In the sealing gas supply pipe 30, from the upstream side to the downstream side,
The pressure reducing valve 31, the vaporizer 32, the pressure gauge 33, and the flow rate adjusting valve 34 are attached.

Further, in the present embodiment, the casing 21
The one end opening 36 of the gas vent pipe 35 is connected to the center of the ceiling wall, and the other end opening is connected to a gas discharge part such as a waste liquid tank.

Further, referring to FIG. 1, the other structure of the residue separating apparatus A will be described. 37 is a reduction gear box, 38 is a drain valve, and 39 is a vibration absorbing pad.

Next, the operation of the residue separating apparatus A having the above-mentioned structure will be described with reference to FIG. The rotation outer cylinder 12 and the rotation inner cylinder 14 are driven by driving a rotation drive source (not shown).
When the undiluted solution is fed from the undiluted solution inflow hollow shaft 19 into the undiluted solution inflow space 18 in the rotating inner cylinder 14 while relatively rotating the and the undiluted solution, the undiluted solution consisting of pyrolysis oil containing carbon residue passes through the flow holes 20 and is solidified. It is introduced into the liquid separation chamber 15. In the solid-liquid separation chamber 15, the pyrolysis oil is subjected to a centrifugal separation action to separate into pyrolysis oil and carbon residue, and the pyrolysis oil is transferred to an oil outlet 16 provided at one end of the solid-liquid separation chamber 15. At the same time, it is transferred to the apparatus of the next step through the oil outlet 16, the oil outlet pipe connection port 22 and the oil outlet pipe (not shown). On the other hand, the carbon residue is transferred to a residue take-out port 17 provided at the other end of the solid-liquid separation chamber 15 by the spiral blade 13 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary inner cylinder 14, and the residue take-out port 17 and the residue take-out pipe connection port 23 are provided. And, it is discharged to the outside through a residue extraction pipe (not shown). At this time, when a gas component is generated from the pyrolysis oil in the solid-liquid separation chamber 15 and a part of the gas component flows into the casing 21, and the gas component causes an abnormally high pressure in the casing 21, , The gas becomes higher than the pressure of the sealing gas supplied to the shaft seal portions 26 and 27 by the sealing gas supply means 28, and as a result, the gas may leak to the outside through the shaft seal portions 26 and 27. There is. However, as shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, since one end opening 36 of the gas vent pipe 35 is communicatively connected to the casing 21, the gas passes through the gas vent pipe 35 and the gas releasing portion. Since it is supplied to the casing 21, it is possible to prevent the pressure inside the casing 21 from becoming abnormally high, and it is possible to reliably prevent the gas from leaking to the outside through the shaft seal portions 26 and 27, which may cause a fire. Can be reduced.

Further, in place of the gas vent pipe 35, as shown in FIG. 1, a pressure sensor 40 as an example of a pressure detecting means for measuring the pressure fluctuation of the gas in the casing 21 is provided on the ceiling wall of the casing 21. Alternatively, the buzzer 42, which is an example of abnormal pressure warning means, may be operated via the control device 41 based on the detection output from the pressure sensor 40. In this case, the pressure sensor 40
When it is detected that the pressure of the gas in the casing 21 has become abnormally high, the buzzer 42 is sounded through the control device 41 to warn of the abnormal state. Therefore, the operator promptly operates the flow rate adjusting valve 34 by a manual operation or an automatic operation to remove the shaft seal portions 26, 2 from the storage container 29.
The amount of gas supplied to the shaft seal portion 2 is increased by increasing the amount of sealing gas supplied to the shaft seal portion 2.
Leakage to the outside through 6 and 27 can be reliably prevented, and the risk of ignition can be reduced.

Further, instead of the buzzer 42 described above, FIG.
Based on the detection output of the pressure sensor 40,
The rotation motor 43 of the flow rate adjusting valve 34, which is an example of means for adjusting the amount of sealing gas, may be operated via the control device 41. In this case, when the pressure sensor 40 detects that the pressure of the gas in the casing 21 has become abnormally high, the flow rate adjusting valve 34 is operated via the control device 41 to move the storage container 29 to the shaft seal portion 26. , 27 to increase the amount of the sealing gas supplied to the shaft sealing portions 26, 27.
It is possible to reliably prevent the gas from leaking to the outside through the pipe and reduce the risk of ignition.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a residue separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of an oil treatment facility for waste plastic material according to a conventional example.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual front sectional view of a solid-liquid separation device in the oil treatment equipment.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Residue Separation Device 10 Centrifuge Main Body 11 Working Floor 12 Rotating Outer Cylinder 13 Spiral Blade 14 Rotating Inner Cylinder 15 Solid-Liquid Separation Chamber 16 Oil Outlet 17 Residue Outlet 18 Undiluted Liquid Inflow Space 19 Undiluted Liquid Inflow Hollow 20 Distribution Hole 21 Casing 22 Oil extraction pipe connection port 23 Residue extraction pipe connection port 24 Rotation shaft 25 Rotation shaft 26 Shaft seal portion 27 Shaft seal portion 28 Sealing gas supply means 29 Storage container 30 Sealing gas supply pipe 31 Pressure reducing valve 32 Vaporizer 33 Pressure gauge 34 Flow rate control valve 35 Gas venting pipe 36 One end opening 37 Reduction gearbox 38 Drain valve 39 Vibration absorption pad 40 Pressure sensor 41 Control device 42 Buzzer 43 Rotation motor 44 Bearing 45 Bearing

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Eiji Funabashi 46-59 Nakahara, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture 46-59 Nippon Steel Corporation Machinery & Plant Division

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotary inner cylinder having an outer peripheral surface provided with spiral blades concentrically and relatively rotatably disposed, and solid-liquid separation between the rotary outer cylinder and the rotary inner cylinder. Forming a chamber,
An oil outlet is provided at one end of the solid-liquid separation chamber and a residue outlet is provided at the other end of the solid-liquid separation chamber, and a stock solution inflow hollow shaft is introduced into the stock solution inflow space formed in the rotating inner cylinder to form the stock solution inflow space. A centrifuge body formed by communicating and connecting the solid-liquid separation chamber through a flow hole, a casing surrounding the centrifuge body in a sealed state, and a rotating shaft connected to both ends of the rotating outer cylinder. A bearing that freely supports, and a seal that seals a sealing gas in the shaft seal portion to prevent the gas generated in the casing from leaking out of the casing through the shaft seal portion of the casing. Stop gas supply means, pressure detection means attached to the casing for measuring pressure fluctuation of gas in the casing, and control device for activating abnormal pressure warning means based on detection output from the pressure detection means. The residue separation apparatus characterized by comprising a. 2. A rotary inner cylinder having an outer peripheral surface provided with spiral blades is concentrically and relatively rotatably disposed, and solid-liquid separation is performed between the rotary outer cylinder and the rotary inner cylinder. Forming a chamber,
An oil outlet is provided at one end of the solid-liquid separation chamber and a residue outlet is provided at the other end of the solid-liquid separation chamber, and a stock solution inflow hollow shaft is introduced into the stock solution inflow space formed in the rotating inner cylinder to form the stock solution inflow space. A centrifuge body formed by communicating and connecting the solid-liquid separation chamber through a flow hole, a casing surrounding the centrifuge body in a sealed state, and a rotating shaft connected to both ends of the rotating outer cylinder. A bearing that freely supports, and a seal that seals a sealing gas in the shaft seal portion to prevent the gas generated in the casing from leaking out of the casing through the shaft seal portion of the casing. Stop gas supply means, pressure detection means attached to the casing for measuring the pressure fluctuation of gas in the casing, and based on the detection output from the pressure detection means, the sealing gas supply means to the shaft seal The residue separation apparatus characterized by comprising a means for adjusting the sealing gas quantity or sealing gas pressure to.