JPH10106895A - Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents

Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor

Info

Publication number
JPH10106895A
JPH10106895A JP8278692A JP27869296A JPH10106895A JP H10106895 A JPH10106895 A JP H10106895A JP 8278692 A JP8278692 A JP 8278692A JP 27869296 A JP27869296 A JP 27869296A JP H10106895 A JPH10106895 A JP H10106895A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
acid
electrolytic capacitor
solvent
polyethylene glycol
electrolyte
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP8278692A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenichi Ikuta
研一 生田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lincstech Circuit Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi AIC Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi AIC Inc filed Critical Hitachi AIC Inc
Priority to JP8278692A priority Critical patent/JPH10106895A/en
Publication of JPH10106895A publication Critical patent/JPH10106895A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To elongate a life of an electrolytic capacitor by making an electrolyte for the electrolytic capacitor in which boric acid or its salt is dissolved in the solvent having polyhydric alcohol as main component contain polyethylene glycol having a specific value or more of mean molecular weight. SOLUTION: One or two kind(s) of polyhydric alcohol family such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol and so on are used by combination as the main components of the solvent. Boric acid or its salt and other organic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, 1,6-decanoic decarboxylic acid, sebacic acid, capric acid, benzoic acid and so on and their salts are used as the solute. Polyethylene glycol having over 500 mean molecular weight is added in a solution made of the solvent and the solute. By this means, characteristics of a leak current of an electrolytic capacitor can be improved and electrolyte which elongates life can be obtained.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は電解コンデンサ用電
解液に関する。
The present invention relates to an electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】近年、電解コンデンサを組込んだ通信機
器や計測機器等の電気機器の性能が向上するのに伴い、
より電気特性の優れた、寿命の長い電解コンデンサが必
要とされている。ところで、アルミ電解コンデンサ等の
電解コンデンサは、一般に、陽極箔と陰極箔とをセパレ
ータを介して巻回してコンデンサ素子を形成し、これに
電解液を含浸したものをケースに収納して蓋により密封
した構造になっている。そして、陽極箔はアルミニウム
やタンタル等の弁作用金属を陽極酸化してその表面に酸
化皮膜を形成している。通常、この酸化皮膜には陽極箔
中の不純物を原因とする又は亀裂等からなる欠陥部が存
在する。このため、電解コンデンサには漏れ電流が流れ
る。漏れ電流が流れると、陰極箔表面において電解液中
の水分が電気分解され水素ガスが発生する。この発生し
た水素ガスによりケース内の圧力が上昇して所定値に達
すると、ケースや蓋に設けた防爆機構が動作する。この
防爆機構の動作により、電解コンデンサは、コンデンサ
としての正常な機能を果さなくなる。従って、漏れ電流
を低くしてケース等に設けた防爆機構の動作を遅らせ、
これにより電解コンデンサの寿命を長くするために、従
来、酸化皮膜の欠陥部を修復し易い電解液を用いてい
る。この電解液は、例えば、エチレングリコール等の多
価アルコールに、カルボン酸等の有機酸やその塩、ホウ
酸やその塩を溶解した溶液に、リン酸や次亜リン酸等の
リン化合物を添加した組成になっている。
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as the performance of electric equipment such as communication equipment and measuring equipment incorporating an electrolytic capacitor has been improved,
There is a need for an electrolytic capacitor with better electrical properties and a longer life. By the way, an electrolytic capacitor such as an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is generally formed by winding an anode foil and a cathode foil through a separator to form a capacitor element, which is impregnated with an electrolytic solution, stored in a case, and sealed with a lid. It has a structured structure. The anode foil is formed by anodizing a valve metal such as aluminum or tantalum to form an oxide film on its surface. Normally, the oxide film has a defect caused by impurities in the anode foil or formed by cracks or the like. For this reason, a leakage current flows through the electrolytic capacitor. When a leakage current flows, water in the electrolytic solution is electrolyzed on the surface of the cathode foil to generate hydrogen gas. When the pressure inside the case rises and reaches a predetermined value due to the generated hydrogen gas, the explosion-proof mechanism provided on the case and the lid operates. Due to the operation of the explosion-proof mechanism, the electrolytic capacitor does not perform its normal function as a capacitor. Therefore, the operation of the explosion-proof mechanism provided in the case etc. is delayed by lowering the leakage current,
In order to prolong the life of the electrolytic capacitor, an electrolytic solution which can easily repair a defective portion of the oxide film is used. This electrolytic solution is prepared by adding a phosphorus compound such as phosphoric acid or hypophosphorous acid to a solution obtained by dissolving an organic acid such as carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, or boric acid or a salt thereof in a polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol. The composition is as follows.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来の電解液
は、酸化皮膜を修復する効果が低く、寿命をより一層長
くし難い欠点がある。
However, the conventional electrolytic solution has a low effect of repairing an oxide film and has a drawback that it is difficult to prolong the service life.

【0004】本発明は、以上の欠点を改良し、電解コン
デンサの寿命を長くできる電解コンデンサ用電解液を提
供することを課題とするものである。
An object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor which can improve the above-mentioned drawbacks and can extend the life of the electrolytic capacitor.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記の課題を
解決するために、多価アルコールを主成分とする溶媒
に、ホウ酸又はその塩を溶解した電解コンデンサ用電解
液において、平均分子量が500以上のポリエチレング
リコールを含有することを特徴とする電解コンデンサ用
電解液を提供するものである。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor in which boric acid or a salt thereof is dissolved in a solvent containing a polyhydric alcohol as a main component. Contains 500 or more polyethylene glycols.

【0006】ホウ酸やその塩を含む溶液中にポリエチレ
ングリコールが含まれていると、ホウ酸イオンとポリエ
チレングリコールのOH基とがエステル反応して錯イオ
ンを形成する。そしてこの錯イオンにより酸化皮膜が修
復されるものと思われる。しかも、ポリエチレングリコ
ールは立体構造を有しており、従って、錯イオンも立体
構造になっているものと思われる。そのため、エステル
反応をしないホウ酸イオンやアンモニウムイオン等のイ
オンは、平面構造の分子中を移動するのに比較して、移
動し易い。従って、電解液の電導度を低下させて比抵抗
を増大させることなく、酸化皮膜を修復する効果を向上
できる。
[0006] When polyethylene glycol is contained in a solution containing boric acid or a salt thereof, borate ions and OH groups of polyethylene glycol undergo an ester reaction to form complex ions. It is considered that the oxide film is repaired by the complex ions. In addition, polyethylene glycol has a three-dimensional structure, and it is considered that the complex ion also has a three-dimensional structure. For this reason, ions such as borate ions and ammonium ions that do not undergo an ester reaction tend to move more easily than molecules in a planar structure. Therefore, the effect of repairing the oxide film can be improved without lowering the conductivity of the electrolytic solution and increasing the specific resistance.

【0007】[0007]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明
する。溶媒は、エチレングリコールやジエチレングリコ
ール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、1,4−ブ
タンジオール、1,3−ブタンジオール等の多価アルコ
ール類を一種類又は二種類以上組合せて主成分として用
いる。溶質は、ホウ酸やその塩の他に、アジピン酸やア
ゼライン酸、1,6−デカンジカルボン酸、5,6−デ
カンジカルボン酸、セバシン酸、カプリル酸、安息香酸
等の有機酸やこれらの塩を用いる。そして上記の溶媒及
び溶質からなる溶液中に平均分子量が500以上のポリ
エチレングリコールを添加する。なお、平均分子量が5
00未満のポリエチレングリコールでは電解コンデンサ
の寿命を長くする効果がほとんどない。また、平均分子
量が20000より大きくなるとポリエチレングリコー
ルの溶解量が大きく低下する。従って、平均分子量が2
0000以下のポリエチレングリコールを用いる方が作
業性等の面からより好ましい。なお、添加剤としては、
他に、リン酸や次亜リン酸、マンニット、ソルビット等
を用いる。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. As the solvent, one or a combination of two or more polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, 1,4-butanediol, and 1,3-butanediol is used as a main component. Solutes include boric acid and salts thereof, as well as organic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, 1,6-decanedicarboxylic acid, 5,6-decanedicarboxylic acid, sebacic acid, caprylic acid, and benzoic acid, and salts thereof. Is used. Then, polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 500 or more is added to a solution comprising the above solvent and solute. The average molecular weight is 5
With a polyethylene glycol of less than 00, there is almost no effect of extending the life of the electrolytic capacitor. On the other hand, when the average molecular weight is larger than 20,000, the dissolution amount of polyethylene glycol is greatly reduced. Therefore, when the average molecular weight is 2
It is more preferable to use polyethylene glycol of 0000 or less from the viewpoint of workability and the like. In addition, as an additive,
In addition, phosphoric acid, hypophosphorous acid, mannitol, sorbite, or the like is used.

【0008】[0008]

【実施例】次に、本発明の実施例を説明する。実施例の
電解液は、表1に示す通り、エチレングリコール等から
なる溶媒が65.0〜70.0wt%、ホウ酸アンモニウ
ムからなる溶質が20.0wt%、平均分子量Mが500
〜20000のポリエチレングリコールが10.0〜1
5.0wt%そしてマンニットやリン酸からなる添加剤が
5.0〜5.1wt%の組成とする。
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. As shown in Table 1, the electrolyte solution of the example contained 65.0 to 70.0 wt% of a solvent composed of ethylene glycol or the like, 20.0 wt% of a solute composed of ammonium borate, and had an average molecular weight M of 500.
20,000 to 10,000 polyethylene glycol
The composition is 5.0 wt%, and the additive composed of mannitol and phosphoric acid is 5.0 to 5.1 wt%.

【0009】[0009]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0010】[0010]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0011】そして、表1に示す組成の実施例と、表2
に示す組成の従来例及び比較例の電解液中に、530V
で陽極酸化した、2×10cm2角のアルミニウム化成箔
からなる試料片を浸漬し、3mAの定電流を流してこの
試料片の切断面を化成し、400Vの電圧に到達するま
での時間を測定した。測定結果は表1及び表2に示し
た。
Examples of the compositions shown in Table 1 and Table 2
530 V in the electrolytic solution of the conventional example and the comparative example having the composition shown in FIG.
A sample piece made of a 2 × 10 cm 2 square aluminum conversion foil anodized in step 2 was immersed, a constant current of 3 mA was passed to form a cut surface of the sample piece, and the time required to reach a voltage of 400 V was measured. did. The measurement results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

【0012】表1及び表2から明らかな通り、到達時間
は、実施例1〜実施例7の場合が90〜161秒、従来
例1〜従来例7の場合が193〜462秒、比較例1〜
比較例4の場合が221〜392秒となる。すなわち、
実施例1〜実施例7の場合は、従来例1〜従来例7の場
合に比較して約19.5〜83.4%、比較例1〜比較
例4の場合に比べて約23.0〜72.9%になる。従
って、実施例1〜実施例7の方が、ポリエチレングリコ
ールを添加しない従来例1〜従来例7の場合やホウ酸ア
ンモニウムを溶質としない比較例1〜比較例4の場合よ
りも、酸化皮膜の修復作用が優れていることが明らかで
ある。
As is clear from Tables 1 and 2, the arrival time was 90 to 161 seconds in Examples 1 to 7, 193 to 462 seconds in Conventional Examples 1 to 7, and Comparative Example 1 ~
In the case of the comparative example 4, it is 221 to 392 seconds. That is,
In the case of Examples 1 to 7, about 19.5 to 83.4% as compared with the case of Conventional Examples 1 to 7, and about 23.0% as compared with the cases of Comparative Examples 1 to 4. ~ 72.9%. Therefore, Examples 1 to 7 are more likely to have an oxide film than those of Conventional Examples 1 to 7 in which polyethylene glycol is not added and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in which ammonium borate is not used as a solute. It is clear that the repair action is excellent.

【0013】また、表1及び表2に示す組成の電解液を
含浸した定格400V、330μFのアルミ電解コンデ
ンサについて、高温負荷試験を行ない、漏れ電流及び蓋
に設けた防爆弁が作動した試料数を測定した。この場
合、試験温度を90℃そして印加電圧を400Vとす
る。なお、漏れ電流は試料を温度30℃の雰囲気中に放
置して測定した。試料数は各々10個とする。測定結果
は表3に示した。
A high-temperature load test was conducted on a 400 V rated, 330 μF aluminum electrolytic capacitor impregnated with an electrolytic solution having the composition shown in Tables 1 and 2, and the leakage current and the number of samples operated by the explosion-proof valve provided on the lid were determined. It was measured. In this case, the test temperature is 90 ° C. and the applied voltage is 400 V. The leakage current was measured by leaving the sample in an atmosphere at a temperature of 30 ° C. The number of samples is 10 each. Table 3 shows the measurement results.

【0014】[0014]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0015】この表3から明らかな通り、4000時間
放置後において、実施例1〜実施例7を含浸したアルミ
電解コンデンサは、漏れ電流が0.078〜0.678
mA、弁作動数が0〜5個となる。また、従来例1を含
浸したものは破壊し、漏れ電流を測定できなかった。そ
して従来例2〜従来例7を含浸したものは、漏れ電流が
1.012〜1.312mA、弁作動数が全数である。
さらに、比較例1〜比較例4を含浸したものは、漏れ電
流が0.965〜1.312mA、弁作動数が全数であ
る。従って、実施例1〜実施例7の場合は、漏れ電流が
従来例2〜従来例7の場合に比べて約5.95〜67.
0%、そして比較例1〜比較例4の場合に比べて約5.
95〜70.3%の大きさである。また、実施例1〜実
施例7の場合は、従来例2〜従来例7及び比較例1〜比
較例4の場合に比べて弁作動数が1/2以下となってい
る。なお、実施例1〜実施例7の場合には、ポリエチレ
ングリコールの平均分子量が大きいほど漏れ電流が小さ
く、弁作動数が少ないことは明らかである。特に、リン
酸を添加剤として含む実施例5〜実施例7の場合は、リ
ン酸を含まない実施例1〜実施例4の場合に比較して、
漏れ電流が約11.5〜34.6%に低下している。
As is clear from Table 3, after leaving for 4000 hours, the aluminum electrolytic capacitors impregnated with Examples 1 to 7 have leakage currents of 0.078 to 0.678.
mA, the number of valve operations is 0-5. Further, the impregnated Conventional Example 1 was broken, and the leakage current could not be measured. Those impregnated with Conventional Examples 2 to 7 have a leakage current of 1.012 to 1.312 mA and the total number of valve operations.
Further, those impregnated with Comparative Examples 1 to 4 have a leakage current of 0.965 to 1.312 mA and the total number of valve operations is 100. Therefore, in the case of the first to seventh embodiments, the leakage current is about 5.95 to 67.
0%, and about 5.5 compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
The size is 95 to 70.3%. Further, in the case of Examples 1 to 7, the number of valve operations is 1/2 or less as compared with the cases of Conventional Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4. In Examples 1 to 7, it is clear that the larger the average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol, the smaller the leakage current and the smaller the number of valve operations. In particular, in the case of Examples 5 to 7 including phosphoric acid as an additive, compared to the cases of Examples 1 to 4 not including phosphoric acid,
The leakage current has dropped to about 11.5-34.6%.

【0016】[0016]

【発明の効果】以上の通り、本発明によれば、ホウ酸又
はその塩とともに、平均分子量が500以上のポリエチ
レングリコールを含有しているため、電解コンデンサの
漏れ電流特性等を改善でき、寿命を長くできる電解コン
デンサ用電解液が得られる。
As described above, according to the present invention, since polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 500 or more is contained together with boric acid or a salt thereof, the leakage current characteristics and the like of the electrolytic capacitor can be improved and the life can be improved. An electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor that can be lengthened can be obtained.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 多価アルコールを主成分とする溶媒に、
ホウ酸又はその塩を溶解した電解コンデンサ用電解液に
おいて、平均分子量が500以上のポリエチレングリコ
ールを含有することを特徴とする電解コンデンサ用電解
液。
1. A solvent containing a polyhydric alcohol as a main component,
An electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors, wherein the electrolytic solution in which boric acid or a salt thereof is dissolved contains polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 500 or more.
JP8278692A 1996-09-30 1996-09-30 Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor Pending JPH10106895A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8278692A JPH10106895A (en) 1996-09-30 1996-09-30 Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8278692A JPH10106895A (en) 1996-09-30 1996-09-30 Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10106895A true JPH10106895A (en) 1998-04-24

Family

ID=17600853

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8278692A Pending JPH10106895A (en) 1996-09-30 1996-09-30 Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH10106895A (en)

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