JPH10109531A - Automobile air-conditioning and heating equipment and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide automobile air-conditioning and heating equipment and a method therefor which dispense with the operation of an automobile engine even at the time of air-conditioning and heating the interior of the automobile during stop. SOLUTION: An automobile air-conditioning and heating equipment for an automobile with an engine is provided with a power generation means 1 operated by the engine, electric power storing means for air-conditioning 22, 23 for storing the electric power generated by the power generation means 1 and an air-conditioning and heating means 3 operated by the electric power supplied by the electric power storing means for air-conditioning 22, 23. The electric power storing means for air-conditioning is installed separately from the electric power storing means for driving the motor for engine start of the automobile.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle, and more particularly, to an air conditioner and a vehicle which do not need to operate an engine of the vehicle even when cooling or heating the stopped vehicle. Cooling and heating methods.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional automobile, indoor heating and cooling are performed by separate mechanisms by directly using the power and heat of an engine. That is, when performing the cooling, as shown in FIG.
In the air conditioner 5 to which power is transmitted from the belt 2 to the pulley 52 and the shaft 51 via the belt B, the internal compressor is operated, the refrigerant is circulated, the refrigerant is condensed by the condenser, and the refrigerant is evaporated by the evaporator. The cooling was performed by the latent heat during the evaporation. The heating is performed by circulating the cooling water of the engine E in the heater 6 and radiating the heat from the radiator 61. That is, the fan 62 blows air to the radiator 61 to heat the air, and the heated air is used for heating.

[0003]

However, in the prior art, since the power and heat of the engine are directly used for cooling and heating in the automobile, the engine is rotated even when the vehicle is stopped to perform cooling and heating. I had to keep it in condition. Therefore, there is a problem that the environment is polluted by the exhaust gas while the vehicle is stopped. This problem,
This is particularly important for trucks that carry medium-to-long distances.

[0004] That is, in a truck that performs medium- to long-distance transportation, the driver sleeps during the transportation of cargo in the truck. At that time, air conditioning in the car is indispensable for the driver to sleep comfortably. However, due to the above-mentioned problems, the engine must be operated for several hours throughout the sleeping time in order to perform air conditioning. Furthermore, in truck transport, the arrival time of the cargo is specified in advance, so there is the fact that the truck arrives at the destination a few hours ago and is waiting around. Even at that time, the engine has been running for several hours for air conditioning even though the car has stopped.

[0005] On the other hand, for example, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by a gasoline passenger car per hour of idling is 510 g in terms of carbon, whereas a 4 ton diesel truck is 580 to 720 g and a 10 ton diesel truck is 940 to 1300 g. It is. Therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by the trucks used as described above during idling is enormous. At present, logistics in Japan is largely by truck, and as a result, large amounts of wasteful exhaust gas are actually emitted as described above.

[0006] In addition, the government has taken up the problem of idling while the vehicle is stopped as described above, and is going to regulate the problem. That is, in Article 72 of the Hyogo Prefecture “Ordinance on Environmental Conservation and Creation” (so-called “idling regulations”), when a car is stopped, the driver of the car must look at the motor of the car. It is stipulated that the air conditioner must not be operated.
Penalties apply when no person is on board. Similar regulations are also being implemented in the United States of America, New York, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, and elsewhere, and the movement to reduce vehicle idling is a global trend. In view of the above, there is an increasing demand for realizing an automotive air conditioner that does not require the operation of the engine while stopped.

[0007] Further, if the vehicle cooling / heating device is a cooling / heating device that performs cooling / heating by electric power like a home heat pump air conditioner, it is not necessary to operate the engine while the vehicle is stopped. However, the battery mounted on the vehicle supplies the power essential for the operation of the engine, such as driving the motor for starting the engine and igniting the spark plug. If you run out of cars, you will not be able to move the car. For this reason, even if such a cooling / heating device is provided in a vehicle, it is considered that the driver keeps the engine idling in order to avoid the risk of running out of the battery.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle air-conditioning apparatus and a vehicle air-conditioning method that do not require the engine of the vehicle to be operated even when the vehicle is stopped or cooled. The purpose is to provide.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle air conditioner for an automobile having an engine, wherein the power generator is operated by the engine; Air conditioning power storage means for storing the generated power; and cooling and heating means operated by the power supplied by the air conditioning power storage means, wherein the air conditioning power storage means is required for operating the engine of the vehicle. It is characterized by being provided separately from power storage means for supplying power.

[0010] Here, the "engine" may be any kind of gasoline engine, diesel engine, alcohol engine, hydrogen engine, etc., as long as it obtains power for moving a car by burning things. Good. The “air-conditioning power storage unit” may be any device that can store power, such as a general lead storage battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery,
A lithium ion battery, a nickel cadmium battery, or the like may be used.

The "cooling and heating means" may be any means capable of performing cooling and heating by electric power. For example, a heat pump type air conditioner or the like which can transfer heat of a low temperature part to a high temperature part by circulating a refrigerant by a compressor in a refrigerant circuit including an outdoor unit and an indoor unit is considered. In this heat pump type cooling and heating means, at the time of cooling, the indoor unit is used as an evaporator, the outdoor unit is used as a condenser, and at the time of heating, the circulation direction of the refrigerant is reversed by the circuit switching valve,
The indoor unit is used as a condenser, and the outdoor unit is used as an evaporator.

[0012] Here, the "indoor unit" is a refrigerant evaporation / condensation device that is installed so as to be able to send air whose temperature has been adjusted to a space where the temperature is adjusted, and an "outdoor unit". Is a refrigerant evaporation / condensation device installed in a space other than the space where the temperature is adjusted. Here, the terms “indoor unit” and “outdoor unit” are used for simple expressions, but the installation locations are not limited. Further, here, the "cooling / heating means" has been described by taking a heat pump type cooling / heating machine as an example. However, the "cooling / heating means" provided in the vehicle cooling / heating apparatus according to claim 1 is not limited to the above-described heat pump type cooling / heating machine. Instead, a cooling / heating unit using another method may be used as long as it is operated by electric power.

The vehicle air conditioner according to the first aspect is operated by electric power from the air conditioner power storage means, so that the air conditioner can be operated even when the vehicle is stopped without operating the engine of the vehicle. The power is supplied to the air-conditioning power storage means by the power generation means being operated by the engine while the automobile is running. That is, in the present invention, the power and heat of the engine are not directly used for cooling and heating, and the power is generated by operating the power generating means by the engine while the vehicle is running, and the power is temporarily stored in the power storage means for air conditioning such as a storage battery. In addition, cooling and heating are performed by the stored electric power while the vehicle is stopped. Therefore, as described above, cooling and heating can be performed without operating the engine while the vehicle is stopped.

[0014] At present, electric power for driving an engine starting motor and igniting a spark plug is provided in an automobile.
That is, an electric power storage means for supplying electric power necessary for operating the engine is provided. However, assuming that power is supplied to the cooling / heating means of the vehicle cooling / heating device by this power storage means, when the power stored in the power storage means is used up by the operation of the cooling / heating means, the engine of the vehicle may be operated. I can no longer do it. However, in the air conditioner for an automobile according to the first aspect, the air conditioning power storage means is provided separately from the power storage means for supplying the power required for operating the engine, so that the air conditioning power storage means is stored. Running out of power doesn't mean you can't run the engine.

Further, even when a plurality of power storage means are provided, the air-conditioning power storage means and the power storage means for supplying power required for operating the engine are connected by an electric circuit. In this case, there is no difference from the case where one large-capacity power storage means is mounted. That is, if a large amount of power is consumed while the engine is stopped, the power of all the power storage units is depleted, and the engine cannot be started. However, in the present invention, since the air-conditioning power storage means and the power storage means for supplying the power required for operating the engine are connected to each operating device by completely independent circuits, There is no such worry. Therefore, the driver can perform cooling and heating with peace of mind even when the engine is stopped.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner for an automobile, comprising: an inverter for converting a direct current supplied from the air-conditioning power storage means into an alternating current; The means comprises an AC motor and is operated by the AC motor. Claim 2
In the vehicle cooling and heating apparatus described above, since the above configuration is provided, the AC motor that operates the cooling and heating means can be driven at a variable speed by the inverter. For this reason, O as in the current automotive air conditioning system
Unlike the case of N / OFF control, delicate temperature control is possible when cooling and warming the air. Further, unlike the current automobile air conditioner, it is not necessary to heat the air once cooled to a desired temperature by the heat of the engine cooling water.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner for an automobile according to the first or second aspect, wherein the power generation means and the power storage means for air conditioning detect a voltage generated by the power generation means. The contact is electrically connected via an a-contact which is turned ON when the power-generating means is not generating power, and is electrically connected between the air-conditioning power storage means and the power-generating means. Is to cut off. According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the engine is operated and the power generating means starts generating power, the a-contact is turned on by the voltage generated by the power generating means. Therefore, while the engine is operating, the electric power generated by the power generation means is stored in the air-conditioning power storage means.

On the other hand, when the engine stops, the power generation means also stops generating power and no longer generates a voltage. In that case, a
Since the contact is turned off, the electric power stored in the air-conditioning power storage means does not flow toward the power generation means. If the air-conditioning power storage means and the power generation means remain electrically connected even during non-power generation, the power stored in the air-conditioning power storage means flows toward the power generation means, and the power is wasted. However, in the present invention, there is no such thing, and energy is saved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cooling and heating an automobile having an engine, wherein the electric power is generated by a generator by the rotational force of the engine while the automobile is running. The power is stored in an air-conditioning power storage unit provided separately from the power storage unit that supplies power necessary for the operation of the vehicle, and when the vehicle is stopped, power is supplied from the air-conditioning power storage unit. Is operated to perform cooling and heating.

In the method for cooling and heating a vehicle according to the present invention, since the cooling and heating is performed by the electric power stored in the air-conditioning power storage means when the vehicle is stopped, it is not necessary to operate the engine while the vehicle is stopped. Further, in the method for cooling and heating a vehicle according to claim 4, the power storage means for air conditioning comprises:
Since it is provided separately from the electric power storage means for supplying the electric power required for operating the engine, the driver can perform the heating and cooling with peace of mind even when the vehicle is parked and stopped, similarly to the invention of the vehicle air conditioning system according to claim 1. Can be.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cooling and heating an automobile according to the fourth aspect, wherein when the power generating means is not generating power, the power storage means for air conditioning and the power generating means are connected to each other. Is cut off, and only when the power generation means is generating power, the air-conditioning power storage means and the power generation means are electrically connected. According to a fifth aspect of the invention, similarly to the third aspect of the invention, when the power generation means is generating power, the power generated by the power generation means is stored in the air-conditioning power storage means, When is not generating power, the electrical connection is cut off, so that the power stored in the air-conditioning power storage means does not flow toward the power generation means. Therefore, power is not wasted and energy is saved.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An air conditioner for a nap room of a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

(1) Configuration and operation of a nap room air conditioner A nap room air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a three-phase AC generator 1, a storage conversion unit 2,
An air conditioner 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-phase AC generator 1 includes a shaft 11 and a pulley 12 provided at a tip of the shaft 11.

On the other hand, the shaft E of the truck engine E
A pulley E2 is also provided at the tip of the motor 1 and the three-phase AC generator 1 is capable of transmitting a rotational force from the shaft E1 of the engine E to the shaft 11 via the pulley 12, the belt B and the pulley E2. Then, the shaft 11 is rotated by the rotational force, and power is generated in the three-phase AC generator 1. That is, while the engine of the automobile is running, power is generated in the three-phase AC generator 1. In addition, this three-phase alternating current generator 1 is equivalent to the "power generation means" described in a claim.

The storage conversion unit 2 is connected to the three-phase AC generator 1 and the air conditioner 3 as shown in FIG. And
The power storage conversion unit 2 stores the power generated by the three-phase AC generator 1 as DC power, converts the DC power into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the air conditioner 3. The storage conversion unit 2 includes 3
Phase bridge rectifier 21, storage battery 22, storage device 23
, A resistor 25, a constant voltage diode 26, a voltage relay 27, and an inverter 29.

The three-phase bridge rectifier 21 is connected to the generator 1
Is converted into a direct current. Storage battery 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes a lead storage battery, and the battery 23 is a large-capacity capacitor. These both store the power generated by the generator 1 and converted to DC by the three-phase bridge rectifier 21. In this nap room air conditioner, the storage battery 2
Only one of the power storage device 2 and the storage device 23 may be provided. However, neither the storage battery 22 nor the storage battery 23 is connected to a motor for starting the engine. That is, the storage battery 22 and the storage device 23 are prepared separately from the battery for operating the engine. This storage battery 2
2 and the storage device 23 correspond to the “power storage means for air conditioning” described in the claims.

When the rotation speed of the engine changes, the voltage generated by the generator 1 also changes accordingly.
Since the storage conversion unit 2 includes the resistor 25 and the constant voltage diode 26, the terminal voltages of the storage battery 22 and the storage battery 23 are controlled to be constant by these.

Next, the voltage relay 27 will be described.
The voltage relay 27 has an a contact 271. Then, when the engine E operates and as a result, the generator 1 starts generating power, the voltage relay 27 is activated by the voltage generated by the generator 1 and the a contact 271 is turned on. Therefore, while the engine E is operating, the electric power generated by the generator 1 is stored in the storage battery 2.
2 and the storage device 23. On the other hand, when the engine E stops, the generator 1 also stops generating power and no longer generates voltage. In this case, the voltage relay 27 is not operated and the a contact 271 is turned off, so that the electric power stored in the storage battery 22 and the storage battery 23 does not flow toward the generator 1.

The inverter 29 converts DC power of the storage battery 22 and the storage battery 23 into AC, and includes a PWM control unit 291 for controlling circuit switching. That is,
When the PWM signal of the PWM control unit 291 of the inverter 29 is turned on, the DC power stored in the storage battery 22 and the battery 23 is converted by the inverter 29 into three-phase AC power. The AC power is supplied to an AC motor 31 incorporated in the air conditioner 3 to operate the air conditioner 3. The inverter 29 corresponds to an “inverter” described in the claims.

The air conditioner 3 is, as shown in FIGS.
AC motor 31, compressor 32, switch 33, outdoor unit 3
4. A capillary tube 35 and an indoor unit 36 are provided. Further, the air conditioner 3 includes fans 37 and 38. The air conditioner 3 corresponds to “air conditioner” in the claims. AC motor 31 is electrically connected to inverter 29, and receives power supply from storage battery 22 and storage device 23 through inverter 29. The AC motor 31 is connected to a compressor 32,
Drive this. Compressor 32, switching unit 33, outdoor unit 3
4. The capillary tube 35 and the indoor unit 36 are connected so as to form a refrigerant circuit through which the refrigerant circulates, and the circulation direction of the refrigerant is switched by the switch 33.

The indoor unit 36 functions as an evaporator during cooling to remove heat from the surroundings, and functions as a condenser during heating to release heat to the surroundings. And the fan 38
Is installed such that air blown toward the indoor unit 36 by the fan 38 can be blown out into a nap room through a duct (not shown). In addition, the outdoor unit 34 functions as a condenser during cooling, and emits heat to the surroundings, and during heating, acts as an evaporator to remove heat from the surroundings. The fan 37 is installed such that the air blown toward the outdoor unit 34 by the fan 37 can be blown out of the truck.

(2) Operation of the nap room air conditioner When the nap room is cooled, the switch 33 is at the position shown in FIG. Compressor 32 rotated by AC motor 31
Sends out the refrigerant compressed to a high pressure toward the outdoor unit 34. The refrigerant is cooled by the air blown by the fan 37 in the outdoor unit 34, and then cooled by the capillary tube 35.
From the indoor unit 36, and the heat is removed from the surroundings of the indoor unit 36 by the latent heat of the vaporization. At this time, the air blown and cooled by the fan 38 to the indoor unit 36 is sent out into a nap room through a duct (not shown), and cools the nap room. The refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is then
Is sent to the low-pressure side of the compressor 32 via the switch 33, is compressed by the compressor 32, and is sent out again from the high-pressure side to the outdoor unit 34. Hereinafter, the same cycle is repeated.

On the other hand, when heating the nap room, the switch 3
3 is at the position shown in FIG. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 32 is sent to the indoor unit 36 and radiates heat in the indoor unit 36. At this time, the air blown by the fan 38 to the indoor unit 36 and warmed is sent out into a nap room through a duct (not shown) to heat the nap room. Thereafter, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is jetted from the capillary tube 35 to the outdoor unit 34 to take heat from around the outdoor unit 34. Then, the refrigerant is sent to the low-pressure side of the compressor 32 via the switch 33, is compressed in the compressor 32, and is sent out again from the high-pressure side to the indoor unit 36. Hereinafter, the same cycle is repeated.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention according to the purpose and application. That is,
As a means for storing electric power, not only a lead storage battery and a capacitor but also a lithium ion battery, a nickel hydride battery, and a nickel cadmium battery may be used. Further, the space for cooling and heating is not limited to the nap room, but may be a driver's cab or the like. Further, the object to which the present cooling / heating apparatus is applied is not limited to a truck, but may be a general passenger car or a special vehicle. That is, any vehicle may be used as long as it can obtain power by burning an object.

[0035]

According to the automotive cooling and heating apparatus and the automotive cooling and heating method of the present invention, the engine of the automobile does not need to be operated even when the automobile is being cooled or heated while the vehicle is stopped. Will not pollute.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a cooling and heating device for a nap room of a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of the air conditioner during cooling.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of the air conditioner at the time of heating.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a conventional cooling and heating device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: three-phase AC generator (power generation means), 11: shaft, 1
2, pulley 2, storage conversion unit, 21: three-phase bridge rectifier, 22: storage battery (power storage means for air conditioning), 23; storage battery (power storage means for air conditioning), 25; resistor, 26; constant voltage diode, 27; voltage relay, 271; a contact, 2
9; inverter, 291; PWM control unit, 3; air conditioner (air conditioner), 31; AC motor, 32; compressor, 3
3; changer, 34; outdoor unit, 37; fan, 35; capillary tube, 36; indoor unit, 38; fan, 5; cooler, 51; shaft, 52; pulley, 6;
1; radiator, 62; fan, E; engine, E1; shaft, E2; pulley, B: belt.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An automotive air conditioner for an automobile equipped with an engine, comprising: a power generating means operated by the engine; an air conditioning power storage means for storing power generated by the power generating means; Cooling and heating means operated by the electric power supplied by the electric power storage means, wherein the air-conditioning electric power storage means is provided separately from the electric power storage means for supplying electric power necessary for operating the engine of the vehicle. Automotive air conditioner. 2. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, further comprising an inverter for converting a DC current supplied by the air conditioning power storage unit into an AC current, wherein the cooling and heating unit includes an AC motor and is operated by the AC motor. Automotive air conditioner. 3. The power generation means and the air-conditioning power storage means are electrically connected via an a contact which is turned on by detecting a power generation voltage of the power generation means. 3. The automotive cooling and heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the power generation means is not generating power, the electrical connection between the air-conditioning power storage means and the power generation means is cut off. 4. A method for cooling and heating an automobile equipped with an engine, wherein the generator generates electric power by the rotational force of the engine while the automobile is running, and supplies the electric power required for operating the engine. It is stored in an air-conditioning power storage means provided separately from the power storage means, and when the vehicle is stopped, power is supplied from the air-conditioning power storage means, and the air-conditioning means is operated by the power to perform air-conditioning. Characteristic car air-conditioning method. 5. When the power generation means is not generating power, the electric connection between the air conditioning power storage means and the power generation means is cut off, and only when the power generation means is generating power, 5. The method for cooling and heating an automobile according to claim 4, wherein the power storage means and the power generation means are electrically connected.