JPH101676A - Prevention method of carbon adhesion to ceiling brick of coke oven carbonization room - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To provide a method for preventing carbon from adhering to ceiling bricks in a carbonization chamber when producing coke. SOLUTION: When a cooling fluid is introduced into a ventilation hole (pipe 2) provided in an upper brick of a carbonization chamber to prevent carbon from adhering to a ceiling brick 11 of the carbonization chamber 10, a carbonization chamber previously determined. The temperature of the upper portion in the carbonization chamber is controlled by adjusting the introduction flow rate of the cooling fluid so that the amount of carbon attached to the ceiling bricks is reduced based on the relationship between the temperature of the upper portion and the amount of deposited carbon. When the temperature of the upper part in the carbonization chamber is set to 850 ° C. or less, it is particularly effective in preventing carbon from adhering, and the amount of carbon adhering can be prevented from hindering the operation of the coke oven.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for preventing carbon from adhering to a ceiling brick in a coking chamber when producing coke in a coke oven.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When coke is produced in a coke oven furnace, hydrocarbons in a coke oven gas generated from coal are pyrolyzed in an upper space in a coking chamber, and pyrolytic carbon (hereinafter, referred to as pyrocarbon) is produced.
Simply as "carbon") and adhere to the ceiling brick in the carbonization room. In addition, carbon is not limited to the ceiling brick, but also adheres to the side wall brick near the ceiling, the side wall brick at the entrance, and the like. It sticks to the upper brick. "

[0003] The adhesion of carbon causes blockage of the inlet of the coking chamber and the upper space in the coking chamber, and the operation of the coke oven such as charging coal into the coking chamber and discharging coke (coke cake). It may cause trouble.

In general, the amount of carbon deposited increases with an increase in volatile matter contained in coal or with an increase in the temperature of a carbonization chamber, and decreases with an increase in the amount of water in coal. However, it is not easy to always use low volatile coal as charged coal because of restrictions on blending and under the current situation where coke oven gas is recovered and used as fuel gas. That is, it is necessary to use a blended coal capable of producing coke having a strength enough to withstand use in a blast furnace, and a sufficient amount of gas cannot be obtained by using only low volatile coal.

[0005] Increasing the moisture content in the charged coal is preferable in terms of reducing the amount of deposited carbon. However, at present, the amount of heat required for carbonization is reduced and the bulk density in the coke oven is increased to improve the coke quality. In order to reduce the amount of water in the coal, the operation will be reduced.

It is also effective to suppress the rise in the temperature of the carbonization chamber to reduce the amount of deposited carbon. However, since it directly leads to a decrease in the amount of coke produced, it is employed as a means for suppressing the adhesion of carbon. Can not.

[0007] Therefore, as a measure for avoiding an operation trouble due to the adhesion of carbon to the upper brick of the carbonization chamber, a method of burning the adhered carbon by blowing air after discharging the coke cake, a cutter or the like is used. For example, a method of mechanically removing adhering carbon is employed.

However, when air is blown, the operation of the coke oven is performed after the coke cake is extruded, so that the operating rate of the coke oven is reduced, and damage to the furnace wall brick due to heat accompanying the combustion of carbon is inevitable. In addition, when using a method of removing carbon using a cutter or the like, if the cutter is attached to the ram of the extruder and carbon is removed at the same time as extruding the coke cake, a decrease in the operating rate can be avoided,
Furnace wall bricks may be scraped off together with the carbon, leading to damage to the furnace wall bricks.

On the other hand, as a method for suppressing the adhesion of carbon, low-temperature steam or carbon dioxide gas (CO ₂ ) is blown into the upper space in the carbonization chamber during carbonization to lower the temperature of this space portion and to reduce the carbon deposition. A method of accelerating the gasification reaction of has been proposed. However, the injection of water vapor or carbon dioxide gas causes a decrease in the calorific value of the coke oven gas recovered as a fuel gas.
There is also a problem that the amount of available water increases, which is not favorable for operation.

[0010] Therefore, ventilation holes are provided in the ceiling bricks of the carbonization chamber, cooling gas is forced to flow through the ventilation holes to cool the ceiling bricks, the temperature of the upper part in the carbonization chamber is reduced, and the coal is carbonized. There has been proposed a method of suppressing the thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons in a coke oven gas generated at the same time and preventing the deposition and adhesion of carbon (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-21001).

The method proposed above has no problems such as a decrease in the operating rate of the coke oven, damage to the furnace wall brick, or a decrease in the calorific value of the gas to be recovered, as well as the adhesion of carbon to the ceiling brick in the coking chamber. This is a very effective method for preventing this. However, the temperature in the upper part of the carbonization chamber changes not only depending on the operating rate of the coke oven, but also during the carbonization. Therefore, unless the flow rate of the cooling gas is controlled according to the change in temperature due to the operation rate or the change in temperature during dry distillation, carbon is precipitated due to insufficient cooling of the ceiling brick, or excessive cooling causes the carbonization of the carbonized chamber. Insufficiency of burning in the upper layer of coke or loss of heat in the combustion chamber causes deterioration of dry distillation.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and a cooling fluid is introduced into a ventilation hole provided in an upper brick of a coke oven carbonization chamber to supply a cooling brick to a ceiling brick of the carbonization chamber. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of preventing carbon from adhering without preventing deterioration of calorific value of carbonization or insufficient burning of coke in preventing the adhesion of carbon.

[0013]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of repeated studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that the relationship between the surface temperature of a brick and the thickness of carbon attached to the surface of the brick is shown in FIG. The relationship shown in Fig. 1 was found. The relationship shown in this figure is based on the fact that 5 kg of sample coal was carbonized while changing the carbonization temperature using a small carbon deposition experiment device equipped with a riser for discharging gas generated by carbonization at the top of the furnace. The thickness of the carbon adhered to the surface of the alumina magnetic cylindrical tube attached to the inner wall of the riser was determined by measuring the thickness together with the temperature of the surface.

Further, by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the ventilation holes provided in the upper bricks of the coke oven carbonization chamber, the temperature of the upper part of the carbonization chamber (the temperature of the surrounding brick or the surface of the bricks is substantially reduced). It was confirmed that the adhesion of carbon to the ceiling brick in the carbonization chamber could be suppressed based on the relationship in FIG. Also, from the relationship shown in the figure, setting the temperature in the upper part of the carbonization chamber to 850 ° C. or less is particularly effective in preventing the adhesion of carbon, and the amount of the carbon is reliably suppressed, which hinders the operation of the coke oven. Can be avoided.

The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the gist of the invention resides in the following carbon adhesion preventing method.

A method of introducing a cooling fluid into a ventilation hole provided in an upper brick of a coke oven carbonization chamber to prevent carbon from adhering to a ceiling brick of the carbonization chamber. The temperature of the upper part in the carbonization chamber is controlled by adjusting the introduction flow rate of the cooling fluid so that the amount of carbon attached to the ceiling bricks is reduced based on the relationship between the temperature and the amount of carbon deposition. A method for preventing carbon from adhering to ceiling bricks in a coke oven carbonization room.

As described above, the temperature in the upper part of the coking chamber is the temperature of the space in the upper part of the coking chamber where the coke cake does not exist, and the surrounding bricks or bricks forming the space are formed. It can be considered to be almost the same as the surface temperature.

The adhesion of carbon to ceiling bricks is as follows.
As described above, this refers to the attachment of carbon to ceiling bricks, side wall bricks near the ceiling bricks, side wall bricks at the entrance, and the like.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The method of the present invention for preventing carbon from adhering to a brick in a carbonized room (the method of the present invention) will be described below with reference to the drawings.

2 to 4 are views showing an example of a furnace structure for carrying out the method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

In these figures, reference numeral 10 denotes a carbonization chamber,
Reference numeral 9 denotes a combustion chamber (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion chamber.
Is a plurality of charging inlets provided on the upper surface of the carbonization chamber 10, and reference numeral 3 is a riser for discharging gas, tar vapor, and the like generated during carbonization to the outside of the furnace (FIGS. 2 and 3). ). In the ceiling brick 11 of the carbonization chamber 10, a pipe 2 as a ventilation hole for introducing a cooling fluid is embedded.

In the coke oven having the above-described furnace structure, in order to carry out the method of the present invention, the temperature of the upper portion 7 in the carbonization chamber is measured during carbonization.

The temperature can be measured by installing a thermocouple so as to measure the temperature of the upper part 7 in the carbonization chamber by making a hole in the ceiling brick 11 or by connecting the tip of the thermocouple along the joint of the brick 11. It may be carried out by taking measures such as leading to the upper part 7 in the coking chamber, or inserting a thermocouple from the charging inlet 1 to the upper part 7 in the coking chamber after charging.

Next, FIG.
The temperature of the upper part 7 in the carbonization chamber is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the pipe 2 based on the relationship shown in (1). The adjustment of the flow rate of the cooling fluid may be performed immediately according to the temperature of the upper portion 7 in the carbonization chamber at that time. However, the pipe 2 provided on the ceiling brick 11 and the carbonization chamber 10
In general, the thermal response of the brick is poor, although depending on the thickness of the brick between the two, so the temperature change in the upper part of the carbonization chamber during the carbonization one cycle before and the change in the flow rate control action of the cooling fluid are taken into account. It is preferable to perform feedback control.

The above-described method of the present invention can be carried out using a coke oven shown in FIGS.

The coke oven shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 shows another example of a furnace structure for carrying out the method of the present invention.
6 is a top view, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. The difference from the coke oven having the furnace structure shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is that the ceiling brick 11 is used as a ventilation hole for introducing a cooling fluid into the ceiling brick 11 of the carbonization chamber 10 instead of burying the pipe 2. 11 is that a honeycomb-type brick 8 is used for a part thereof. Since the cooling fluid can pass through a large number of narrow through holes of the honeycomb brick 8, an effect equivalent to that when the pipe is buried can be obtained.

There are no particular restrictions on the location and number of vents. It is sufficient that the cooling fluid is introduced into the ventilation hole and the surrounding brick is cooled to control the temperature of the upper portion in the carbonization chamber. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, two tubes are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization chamber 10 with the charging port 1 interposed therebetween, and several tubes are arranged in the width direction of the carbonization room by connecting the two ventilation holes. If the cooling fluid is passed as shown by reference numerals 5-1 and 5-2, the entire ceiling brick in the carbonization chamber is cooled, which is effective.

The cooling fluid is not particularly limited.
Water, air, nitrogen gas (N ₂ ) and the like can be used.

According to the method of the present invention, the temperature of the upper portion in the carbonization chamber can be controlled, and the adhesion of carbon can be prevented without deteriorating dry distillation or causing insufficient coke burning.

As a secondary effect of implementing the method of the present invention, there is an effective use of the sensible heat of the coke oven. That is, if the cooling fluid is used as a heat medium and heat is recovered from the cooling fluid using a heat exchanger, the heat that is normally dissipated can be recovered.

As described above, when controlling the temperature of the upper portion in the coking chamber by adjusting the introduction flow rate of the cooling fluid, as described above, the temperature in the upper portion of the coking chamber is 850 ° C.
If it is set as follows, it is particularly effective in preventing the adhesion of carbon, and the amount of the carbon can be surely suppressed, so that the operation of the coke oven is not hindered.
The lower limit of temperature is better for carbon deposition,
Although not particularly limited, if a large amount of the cooling fluid is flown and the upper part of the carbonization chamber is excessively cooled, dry distillation is deteriorated. Therefore, the flow rate of the cooling fluid is controlled to raise the temperature of the upper part 7 of the carbonization chamber to 850. It is desirable to control the temperature to be as low as possible below ℃.

[0032]

EXAMPLE In a test coke oven having a furnace height of 3 m, a furnace width of 0.45 m and a furnace length of 1 m, a 50 mmφ pipe was buried as a vent for introducing a cooling fluid into a ceiling brick, and the method of the present invention was applied. To conduct a carbonization test.

8 to 10 are views showing the furnace structure of the test coke oven used. FIG. 8 is a top view, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a line FF of FIG. It is sectional drawing. For comparison, a dry distillation test (test by a conventional method) was performed under the same conditions using a furnace having the same dimensions and not having a cooling fluid vent.

As the charged coal, coal having the properties shown in Table 1 was used, and dry distillation was performed under operating conditions of a furnace temperature of 1350 ° C. and an operating rate of 140%.

[0035]

[Table 1]

Room temperature water is used as the cooling fluid, and the flow rate is measured by making a hole in the upper brick of the carbonization chamber and inserting a thermocouple 12 in the carbonization chamber 10 to measure the temperature in the upper part of the carbonization chamber 10. (See FIG. 9), and the temperature was controlled to be 850 ° C.

Investigation on carbon adhesion was carried out by examining carbon 13-1 adhering to the side wall of the charging port after the completion of carbonization.
It was carried out by visually observing carbon 13-2 adhering to the surface of the upper brick in the carbonization chamber.

Further, in order to investigate the influence on the quality of coke in the upper part of the carbonization chamber, after the coke cake was discharged, the coke in the upper part was sampled, and JIS K2
The drum strength was measured by the method specified in No. 151.

Table 2 shows the test results. As is apparent from these results, by applying the method of the present invention and controlling the amount of cooling water sent through the pipe, the average temperature in the upper part of the carbonization chamber can be controlled to 847 ° C., and the precipitation of carbon is suppressed. We were able to. On the other hand, when the conventional method is used, the average temperature in the upper part of the carbonization chamber is 925 ° C.
As a result, a large amount of carbon was attached, and a slight tendency of clogging was observed at the charging inlet.

The coke quality (drum strength) was comparable to that of the coke obtained by the conventional method, and there was no adverse effect on the coke quality due to the cooling of the ceiling brick in the carbonization chamber.

[0041]

[Table 2]

[0042]

According to the method of the present invention, when a cooling fluid is introduced into a vent provided in a ceiling brick of a coke oven carbonization chamber to prevent carbon from adhering to the ceiling brick, the method of the present invention is applied. The temperature at the top of the can be controlled. As a result, without causing damage to the furnace wall bricks of the coke oven or reducing the calories of the coke oven gas, and without adversely affecting the coke quality, the ceiling bricks of the carbonization chamber, which hinders the operation of the coke oven, are removed. Adhesion of carbon can be suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the surface temperature of a brick and the thickness of carbon adhered to the surface of the brick.

FIG. 2 is a top view showing an example of a furnace structure for carrying out the method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a top view showing another example of the furnace structure for carrying out the method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a top view showing the furnace structure of the test coke oven used in the example.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Charging inlet 2: Pipe (vent) 3: Ascending pipe 4: Flow control valve 5-1 and 5-2: Flow direction of cooling fluid 6: Charging coal 7: Upper part in carbonization chamber 8: Honeycomb brick 9: Combustion chamber 10: Carbonization chamber 11: Ceiling brick 12: Thermocouple 13-1, 13-2: Carbon

Claims (1)

[Claims] A method for preventing carbon from adhering to a ceiling brick of a coking chamber by introducing a cooling fluid into a ventilation hole provided in an upper brick of a coking chamber. Controlling the temperature of the upper portion in the carbonization chamber by adjusting the introduction flow rate of the cooling fluid so that the amount of carbon attached to the ceiling bricks is reduced based on the relationship between the temperature of the upper portion of the chamber and the amount of carbon deposition. A method for preventing carbon from adhering to ceiling bricks in a coke oven carbonization chamber.