JPH10277310A - Water treating method, baffle, water collecting trough with scum channel and water treating facilities using these component parts - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a baffle and a water collecting trough which are best suited for use not only in the control of the capacity of a precipitation pond but also in a water treating method which enables an economical and highly efficient soil water treatment by developing a simple means to improve the treatment efficiency in an initial precipitation pond or a last precipitation pond and further, water treating facilities using such component parts. SOLUTION: In the water treating method by which it is possible to separate a water to be treated containing sludge or a suspended matter which flows horizontally, into a solid matter and a liquid, a half dead water area in which a horizontal water current is almost stagnant is creased near the water surface and a limpid water containing almost no sludge or a suspended matter generated in the surface layer part of the half dead water area is collected by regulating the horizontal flow of the water to be treated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water treatment method capable of efficiently and economically treating water to be treated containing sludge, suspended solids, fine sand, etc., and a water-blocking plate and a scum water-collecting water used therefor. The present invention relates to a gutter and a water treatment facility using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, facilities for treating water to be treated containing sludge, suspended solids, fine sand, etc. include a sand basin, an activated sludge treatment reaction tank, a first or final sedimentation basin, and the like. Purification treatment of water to be treated such as sewage and various industrial wastewaters is performed by the treatment. At this time, it is desired that the treatment be performed as efficiently and economically as possible in each tank and each stage. In the above-mentioned series of treatment steps, if the efficiency is improved in the first settling tank, the pollution load in the subsequent reaction tank is reduced, and the water quality can be improved more than before. Also, if solid-liquid separation can be performed even for a high-concentration mixed sludge in the final sedimentation site, the concentration of the mixed sludge in the reaction tank can be increased, so that the quality of treated water can be improved. The size of the sedimentation basin, reaction tank and final sedimentation basin can be reduced, and efficient and economical treatment can be achieved.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to develop a simple means capable of improving the treatment efficiency in the first settling basin or the final settling basin so that not only the capacity of the settling tank but also the capacity of the settling tank can be improved. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutoff plate and a water collecting gutter with a scum channel, which are preferably used in a water treatment method that enables economical and efficient sewage treatment, and a water treatment facility using these.

[0004]

The above objects are achieved by the present invention described below. That is, in the present invention, in the water treatment method for solid-liquid separation of the water to be treated including sludge or suspended matter having a horizontal flow, the horizontal flow is substantially stopped by regulating the horizontal flow of the water to be treated. A water treatment method characterized by forming a semi-dead water area in a state near the water surface, and collecting clear water containing almost no sludge or suspended matter generated in the surface layer of the half-dead water area, and being effectively used for the method. And a water treatment facility using these.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As a result of diligent research to achieve the above object, the present inventor has created a semi-dead water area where horizontal flow is substantially stopped in treated water such as sewage having horizontal flow. For example, they have found that solid-liquid separation can be easily performed without using a special power or a large-scale device, and have reached the present invention.

[0006] First, when a flow shield plate is provided in the horizontal flow of the water to be treated such as sewage or the like, the horizontal flow near the flow shield plate stagnates, and the upper end of the flow shield plate faces the water surface. When it is on the top, a clear part containing almost no sludge or fine sand is formed on the surface, but at this time, slowly and quietly from the entire surface in the area where this flow is stagnant If it is configured to withdraw the clarified water, the above-mentioned area has almost no horizontal flow, but is in a state where a slight upward flow is generated (hereinafter, referred to as “upflow”).
This part of the state is called a semi-dead water area or a semi-dead water state). In this semi-dead water area, the horizontal flow is stagnant, so that solid-liquid separation is performed by gravity, and a clarified part containing almost no sludge is formed in the upper part, while the concentration of sludge etc. is higher in the lower part. A blanket layer is formed. Further, as described above, in the present invention, since clear water is drawn from the entire surface of the semi-dead water area, a slight upward flow occurs in the semi-dead water area, and this sludge and the like are generated. Part of the water to be treated passes through the blanket layer formed by deposition while slowly rising. For this reason, the blanket layer functions as a so-called filtration layer for the water to be treated, and in the semi-dead water area, fine sludge and the like in the water to be treated are filtered off by the blanket layer. The clear water portion not containing is formed efficiently.

In the present invention, by utilizing this phenomenon, a half-dead water area in which the horizontal flow substantially stops and a slight upward flow is generated in the treated water having the horizontal flow is forcibly created, and the entire half-dead water area is formed. By simply providing a means for collecting clear water at a slow speed and quietly from the surface layer, purification of the water to be treated including sludge can be performed efficiently and economically. On the other hand, the blanket layer formed in the lower part of the semi-dead water area becomes a sediment as the sedimentation progresses and the density increases, and is deposited at the lower part of the semi-dead water area and the flowing water part. The solid-liquid separation can be easily performed by removing it by a method such as dripping or collecting with a sludge scraper. As a result, efficient and economical purification treatment of the water to be treated such as sewage is achieved.

Further, the inventor of the present invention has proposed a flow shield plate as a means for forcibly forming a semi-dead water area having the above-described excellent action in the water to be treated, and slowly clearing a clear portion of a surface portion of the half-dead water area. As a result of conducting various studies on a water collecting gutter effective for guiding, the present inventors have found out the most suitable structure of the cutoff plate and the water collecting gutter and achieved the present invention. That is, the upper end portion is on the water surface, the lower end portion of the flow shield plate is submerged so that the flow shield plate is disposed at a predetermined position below the water surface, for the horizontal flow of the water to be treated, By arranging them in a substantially vertical position, it is possible to easily form the semi-dead water area as described above. Furthermore, the flow blocking plate is composed of a plurality of plates, the flow blocking area of each plate is sequentially changed, and the shape and position of the flowing water portion are devised, so that the treatment of the water to be treated is more effectively performed. You.

Further, any water collecting trough having a conventionally known clarifying water channel for guiding at least clarifying water as a supernatant liquid as treated water can be used as a collecting trough for extracting clarifying water from the surface of the semi-dead water area. However, in the present invention, it is preferable to remove floating substances such as scum into the scum channel while collecting the clarified water and the treated water channel for collecting the clarified water. It is preferable to use a scum channel-equipped collecting gutter having a scum channel for performing the operation. And, as a specific mode, at least a treated water channel, an overflow channel having an overflow weir provided adjacent to the treated water channel, and an inflow provided adjacent to the overflow channel. A scum channel provided with a withdrawal device for removing suspended matter from the system, a water conveyance channel for guiding scum into a scum water channel provided adjacent to the scum water channel, and a water conveyance channel and overflow water It is preferable to use a collecting gutter with a scum channel having a dive water channel for connecting the channel in a prone manner. As a result, suspended matter such as scum on the surface layer of the semi-dead water area can be easily and completely removed. As a result, not only sludge, but also clear water containing almost no suspended matter can be easily treated water. It is possible to obtain. In the case of using a current blocking plate submerged from the water surface, clear water as treated water can be collected by a perforated tube or the like, but in this case, scum cannot be removed, so that scum is accumulated. . Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to remove it by another method.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. In the water treatment method of the present invention, by regulating the horizontal flow of the water to be treated including sludge and suspended matter,
By creating a semi-dead water area in which the horizontal flow described above is substantially stopped, a blanket layer that can function as a filtration layer of sludge is formed in a lower part of the half-dead water area, while the sludge is mostly contained in the surface layer part. A clear portion that is not formed is formed, and clear water containing almost no sludge or suspended matter is collected from the entire surface layer portion to obtain treated water. First, the principle thereof will be described.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the basic principle of the water treatment method of the present invention as described above. In the water treatment method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, by providing a plurality of flow shields at positions perpendicular to the horizontal flow direction in the flow of the water to be treated in the treatment tank, Between the flow shield and the flow shield,
The half-dead water area where the horizontal flow is forcibly substantially stopped is formed efficiently (see FIG. 1A).
With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), a blanket layer such as sludge is formed in the lower part of the semi-dead water area, while the upper part contains almost no sludge or fine sand. No clear parts are formed. Therefore,
By merely providing a water collecting gutter having a function of collecting the water in this portion and discharging the water to the outside, the water can be purified. That is, the water treatment method of the present invention is realized by combining a means for forcibly forming a half-dead water area and a water collecting means for collecting a clear portion containing almost no sludge or the like obtained by the method. At this time,
If a drainage gutter that can easily and efficiently separate suspended matter such as scum is used, sludge separated from solid and liquid is obtained while obtaining clear water containing almost no sludge or suspended matter. It is removed by means such as a scraping device and a pump or an air lift pump using a perforated tube, and the process is completed.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of a current shield plate of the present invention which can be effectively used as a means for forcibly forming a half-dead water area in the present invention. The current blocking plate of the present invention is placed in a horizontal flow, the upper end thereof is located at a position or on the water surface where the water is submerged, and the lower end portion is disposed in a state of being submerged,
It is characterized by having at least a flow blocking portion near the upper end and a water passing portion near the lower end. The above-mentioned flow shield may be used alone, but in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, by combining a plurality of flow shields, the above-described excellent action can be obtained. preferable. That is, in this way, in the flow of the water to be treated,
A large area of a semi-dead water area can be formed, and more efficient water purification becomes possible.

Further, the flow blocking plate of the present invention may have any shape as long as it has at least a flow blocking portion near the upper end and a water passing portion near the lower end. For example, it may be a plate-shaped one that blocks the horizontal flow only in the upper part in the processing tank, or may block the horizontal flow in the processing tank over the entire surface, and includes many slits and holes near the lower part of the flow shielding plate. The thing provided with the water passage part may be sufficient. And, when configuring a semi-dead water area over a wide area by using a plurality of flow shields, for example, by changing the flow shield area of each flow shield having the above-described shape, each is different, and according to the flow. It is preferable that an ideal semi-dead water area suitable for water purification treatment is formed in the flow of the water to be treated by gradually increasing or decreasing the flow blocking portion. Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the flow blocking plate will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the shapes of a plurality of flow blocking plates are the same, and the flow blocking areas are all the same. On the other hand, in the present invention, the flow blocking area of each flow blocking plate may be changed, as in the example shown in FIG.
The configuration may be such that it sequentially increases in the flowing direction of the water to be treated (see FIG. 2A) or may be configured to decrease (see FIG. 2B). If the blockage area is configured to increase gradually in the flow direction of the water to be treated, the water flow area will decrease in proportion to the gradual decrease in the flow rate in the water flow area. Becomes possible. On the other hand, if the blockage area is configured to decrease gradually with respect to the flowing direction of the water to be treated, a thick blanket layer is formed near the inlet of the water to be treated, so that there is a responsiveness to fluctuations in the flow rate. It is considered that stable purification processing is possible.

The spacing between the plurality of flow shields is not particularly limited as long as a semi-dead water zone is formed between the flow shields. It is preferable to provide a flow shielding plate at an optimum position of the above so that a semi-dead water area can be formed. To do this,
It is preferable that each of the flow shields is configured to be movable, and the space between the flow shields is made freely.

Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the structure of each flow shield plate is such that the flow in the horizontal direction is completely blocked, and a part of the flow shield plate is provided. In addition, a water passage portion in which the water to be treated flows through the flow blocking plate may be provided. According to such an embodiment, not only a semi-dead water area is formed on the top of the flow shield, but also swirls are generated before and after the flow shield adjacent to the slit-shaped water passage portion, and thus the sludge is formed. The floc of the blanket layer increases, and sedimentation of sludge is promoted. Furthermore, sediment that has settled down, fine sand, and the like are blocked at the lower portion of the flow shielding plate, and are easily accumulated. The sediment such as the sludge that has been blocked and accumulated in this way can be easily separated into solid and liquid by being pulled out by means such as a pump as shown in FIG. However, the cut-off plate
As shown in FIG. 3, when the horizontal flow is provided on the entire surface and the lower end is provided so as to be in contact with the bottom of the water channel, it is necessary to provide sludge extracting means between the flow blocking plate and the flow blocking plate. Occurs.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), a space in which a sludge scraper can be provided below the flow shield plate without providing a flow shield plate having a water passage section on the entire surface of the horizontal flow. To make it easy to collect sludge, or to use the method shown in FIG.
It is preferable that a slit is provided at the lower portion of the flow shield plate as shown in (1), so that sediments can be accumulated at the lower portion by vortices generated before and after the flow shield plate.

In the above embodiment, the water passage provided in a part of the flow shield plate has a semi-dead water area formed in the vicinity of the water surface between the flow shield plates, and the sludge and other deposits are efficiently formed in the lower part of the treatment tank. There is no particular limitation as long as the structure can be well blocked. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the same shape of water inlet may be provided substantially at the center of all the flow blocking plates so that the flow blocking area is the same, or as shown in FIG. As shown in b), the flow blocking area of the flow blocking plate may be configured to increase gradually in the flow direction of the water to be treated. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), the flow blocking area of the flow blocking plate may be configured to decrease gradually in the flowing direction of the water to be treated. As described above, in the present invention, the water passage provided in a part of the flow blocking plate may be optimally designed according to the type of the water to be treated, the treatment speed, and the like.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in (a), in the cylindrical processing tank, a water passage similar to that described above, which has a substantially concentric edge with the edge of the side wall of the processing tank, is provided. One or a plurality of flow shield plates provided in the portion may be provided. With such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the water to be treated flowing from the treated water inflow portion at the center of the treatment tank flows as shown in FIG. 6 (a). It flows radially through the water. A semi-dead water area is formed in the upper part of the treatment tank, and from the surface layer of the half-dead water area,
Clear water containing almost no sludge enters the plurality of collecting gutters provided near the water surface. As described above, since sediment such as sludge and fine sand is deposited at the bottom of the treatment tank,
These impurities are collected and extracted by a conventionally used mud collector such as a clarifier, whereby solid-liquid separation is easily performed (see FIG. 6B). At this time, according to the size of the processing tank, the cut-off plate and the sediment removing means are arranged as shown in FIG.
It may be configured as shown in (c).

Hereinafter, the collecting gutter preferably used in this case will be described. First, as a position where such a water collecting gutter is provided, it may be provided at any position as long as it is near the surface of the semi-dead water area formed in the treatment tank, but in order to perform efficient treatment It is preferable to provide the entire area of the semi-dead water area so that a slight upward flow is generated in the entire area of the half-dead water area. Further, the relationship between the position where the above-described flow blocking plate is provided and the position where the water collecting gutter is provided is not limited at all. For example, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a structure in which a water collecting gutter is provided on the flow blocking plate may be employed, or as shown in FIG. It is good also as a structure which arranged. As shown in FIG. 7, if the water collecting gutter is provided at a position different from the flow blocking plate, maintenance and inspection of the installed flow blocking plate can be easily performed.

Next, the shape of the collecting gutter suitable for the water treatment method of the present invention will be described. As the shape of the water collecting gutter that can be used in the present invention, any shape can be used as long as it can slowly collect treated water containing almost no sludge from a semi-dead water area. For example, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 8A, a structure in which treated water overflows into the collecting gutter may be used. However, since no consideration is given to suspended matter such as scum, treated water is not considered. However, there is a problem that scum is mixed in the oil.

In particular, in the present invention, this problem has been improved, and a collecting gutter shown in FIG. 9 (a) provided with a scum channel for removing scum (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-30).
No. 8669), and it is preferable to use a collecting gutter shown in FIG. 9 (b) which is modified so that scum is completely removed. In the collecting gutter shown in FIG. 9A, at least a clearing water channel, a diving water channel arranged adjacent to the clearing water channel for inflow of clearing water, and an overflow weir to the clearing water channel. And a scum channel provided adjacent to the overflow channel, and the scum channel can collect clear water from which suspended matter such as scum has been removed. It has a configuration. However, in the case of the water to be treated having a large amount of scum, when the water collecting gutter illustrated in FIG. 9A is used, suspended matter such as scum is not accurately removed and is mixed into the treated water. There were cases where trouble was observed.

Therefore, in the present invention, the water purification treatment is preferably performed using the water collecting gutter illustrated in FIG. 9B. That is, in the catchment gutter shown in FIG.
Since the water guide plate for guiding the scum to the scum channel is provided outside the scum channel of the water collecting gutter exemplified in (1), it is easier to guide the scum to the scum channel more completely. For example, the scum can always be drawn into the scum channel at the time of collecting water. However, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), a valve provided at the lower part of the scum channel is operated at a rate of about 5 minutes every 3 hours. When opened, the scum in the processing tank can be easily removed, so that the scum does not mix in the clear water. As a result, clarified water and scum can be separated very easily.

Next, an example of the water treatment facility of the present invention using the water treatment method of the present invention as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. The term "water treatment facility" as used in the present invention means that treated water (sewage) is introduced into various treatment tanks to remove residue, sand, oil, etc., and further to remove dissolved substances, thereby achieving clean treatment. It means a treatment facility consisting of a series of treatment processes that are regenerated as water. Also, with various treatment tanks,
Various treatments such as sedimentation basin, screen, pumping facilities, first sedimentation basin, aeration tank, final sedimentation basin, sludge thickening tank, etc., which constitute the above water treatment facility, as well as coagulation, dehydration, drying, and incineration of sludge by chemicals It means facilities, including electrical facilities and mechanical facilities for fulfilling these purposes, as well as sheds for protecting these processing tanks.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a treatment facility according to the present invention in which a treatment apparatus according to the present invention is used for a sedimentation basin. First, by the operation and control of the control center, the coarse water-free residue in the water to be treated is removed by the screen at various screen facilities. The water to be treated is then sent to a settling basin where the sand is removed and first sent to the settling basin (or flow control tank) via a pump facility. As shown in FIG. 10, the first settling basin is provided with a flow blocking plate having a water passage at substantially the center and a collecting gutter with a scum channel. As a result, suspended matter such as scum near the surface of the treated water in the treated water guide plate overflows and enters the scum channel, but the opening / closing valve provided at the discharge port of the scum channel is opened at regular intervals. The scum in the scum channel is removed to the outside.

The water to be treated that passes through another passage from the scum enters the treated water channel through a submerged water channel (see FIG. 9). Furthermore, only the water to be treated near the water surface in the overflow channel with extremely little sludge overflows into the treated water channel, and is sent to the reaction tank where the subsequent treatment is performed. Further, the sludge that has been initially blocked and settled at the bottom of the sedimentation basin by the flow blocking plate is discharged through a pump or the like and sent to a sludge thickening tank as shown in FIG.・ Sludge treatment such as drying and incineration is performed.

On the other hand, the subsequent treatment of the water to be treated after being sent to the reaction tank through the treated water channel will be described with reference to FIG.
1 will be described. The water to be treated sent to the reaction tank is subjected to aeration treatment in the reaction tank, and then sent to the final settling basin. At this time, as described above, since the water treatment apparatus of the present invention is first used in the sedimentation basin, treated water containing almost no impurities is efficiently supplied to the reaction tank via the collecting trough. Sent. For this reason, the sludge load in the reaction tank is reduced, and the water quality can be improved more than before by the treatment in the reaction tank. Further, the facility scale can be reduced. In the example of the water treatment facility of the present invention shown in FIG. 11, the water treatment apparatus of the present invention is used in a final sedimentation basin following this reaction tank. For this reason, in the final sedimentation basin, solid-liquid separation can be performed even on a high-concentration mixed sludge, so that the concentration of the mixed sludge in the reaction tank can be increased. As described above, efficient treatment can be performed in various treatment tanks, so that a higher level of water quality improvement can be achieved as compared with the related art.
Alternatively, since the size of the reaction tank and the size of the final sedimentation basin can be reduced in order to perform the same water treatment level as in the past, the size of the water treatment facility can be made compact. Therefore, it becomes a very economical treatment facility.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the efficiency of the first sedimentation basin and the final sedimentation basin can be improved by simple means, and the water quality of the treated water can be improved to a higher degree. Further, according to the present invention, the size of the entire water treatment facility can be made compact by simple means, so that an economical sewage treatment plant can be constructed, which greatly contributes to the national economy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view and a plan view illustrating an example of a water treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another example of the water treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view and a plan view showing another example of the water treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view and a plan view showing another example of the water treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view and a plan view showing another example of the water treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view and a plan view showing another example of the water treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view and a plan view showing another example of the water treatment method of the present invention. .

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an example of a water collecting gutter used in the water treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a water collecting gutter used in the water treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a process flow and a sectional view showing an example of a water treatment facility of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a process flow and a sectional view showing an example of a water treatment facility of the present invention.

Claims (5)

[Claims] In a water treatment method for solid-liquid separation of water to be treated including sludge or suspended matter having a horizontal flow, the horizontal flow is substantially stopped by regulating the horizontal flow of the water to be treated. A water treatment method comprising: forming a semi-dead water area near the water surface; and collecting clear water substantially free of sludge and suspended matter generated in a surface portion of the half-dead water area. 2. A flow shield plate for forming a semi-dead water area used in the water treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the flow shield plate is placed in a horizontal flow, and an upper end portion of the flow shield plate is submerged or placed on the water surface. A flow shield plate, wherein the flow shield plate has a lower end portion submerged in water and has at least a flow blocking portion near an upper end portion and a water flowing portion near a lower end portion. 3. A flow shielding plate for forming a semi-dead water area used in the water treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the flow shielding plate is placed in a horizontal flow, and its upper end portion is submerged or water surface. A flow shield plate, which is disposed on the upper side and has a lower end submerged therein, and has at least a flow shield portion around the water flow shield portion and a water flow passage portion near a central portion. 4. A collecting trough for collecting clarified water used in the water treatment method according to claim 1, wherein at least a treated water channel for collecting clarified water and clarified water. A scum channel for guiding suspended matter such as scum into a scum channel while collecting water, and a flow blocking plate according to claim 2 or 3 are combined. Gutter with scum canal. 5. A water treatment facility using the water treatment method according to claim 1.