JPH10280574A - Wooden structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wooden structure capable of being constructed simply within a short period of time and having no mold or rot in wood. SOLUTION: The inside of an outside strip footing 11 becomes a mat foundation 12, underfloor air kept in an approximately certain degree of prescribed temperature with geothermal heat is led to a ceiling upper space 41 through an inside vent layer 42 between exterior wall 30 and interior wall 32, a room is kept in approximately certain degree of temperature favorable for the human body. Vent thermal insulating panels 50 having an outside vent layer formed of a plurality of projections and a foam resin layer inside thereof are used to form the exterior wall and a roof setting bed 37, and the room and ceiling upper space are insulated from the air outside by the outside vent layer and inside foam resin layer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wooden structure and a method of constructing the same, and more particularly to a structure capable of being constructed simply and in a short period of time and preventing mold and wood decay from occurring.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Houses are known to have a steel-framed reinforced concrete structure, a reinforced concrete structure, a steel-framed structure, a wooden structure, etc., but a wooden structure is generally preferred in view of moisture and the like. When constructing such a wooden house, a wooden frame is assembled on a foundation, an earth wall is formed there, or a plywood panel is fixed to form a wall surface, and a roof is made.

In recent years, attention has been focused on highly airtight houses in which glass wool is interposed in the wall surface and the wall surface is insulated so that the room can be maintained at a constant temperature suitable for the human body at a low cost. .

[0004]

However, in a conventional highly airtight house, a temperature difference in the wall causes internal dew condensation, which is absorbed by the glass wool, and this causes molds to be generated or wood on the wall to be removed. There was a problem of rotting.

[0005] In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a wooden building in which fungi, wood rot, and the like do not occur.

[0006]

Therefore, a wooden building according to the present invention is a wooden building having a high airtight structure and capable of maintaining a room at a temperature suitable for a human body at a substantially constant temperature. In addition, a solid foundation is cast inside the outer cloth foundation so that the underfloor is kept almost constant at a temperature suitable for the human body by geothermal heat, and the air under the floor is filled between the outer wall and the inner wall. An inner ventilation layer for guiding the space is formed so that the room is maintained at a substantially constant temperature suitable for the human body, while the outer wall and the roof base are formed using a ventilation insulation panel, and the ventilation insulation panel is one side thereof. A plurality of projections are formed on a substantially entire surface of the plywood panel, and a plurality of protrusions are formed at predetermined intervals. The insulation plate is sandwiched between a pair of plywood panels, and has an outer ventilation layer and an inner foaming resin layer. And the outside air is outside the outer wall It is open to the ridge via the outside ventilation layer of the ceiling base through the ventilation layer to the eaves ceiling, so that the room and the ceiling are insulated from the outside air by the outside ventilation layer and the inside foamed resin layer. It is characterized by what has been done.

One of the features of the present invention is that the underground temperature is almost constant at 14 ° C. throughout the year, the air under the floor is kept at a substantially constant temperature by the geothermal heat, and the indoor air is suitably used by the air. The point is that the temperature is kept constant. Therefore, it is important how to block the room and the inside of the ceiling from the outside air where the temperature changes drastically. In the present invention, a room and the inside of the ceiling are insulated from outside air by the ventilation and heat insulation panel and the ventilation in the outside ventilation layer and the inside foamed resin layer.

The projections of the ventilation and heat insulating panel may be provided regularly on the entire surface of the heat insulating plate, but in such a case, good air permeability may not be ensured. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the heat insulating plate in a lattice point or staggered pattern on the entire surface.

In the case of a ventilated heat insulating panel used for a wooden building, the thickness of the inner plywood panel is actually 7.5 mm and the thickness of the urethane foam or other heat insulating plate is 30 m.
m, the height of the projections is 20 mm, the thickness of the outer plywood panel is 12 mm, and finished to a thickness of 69.5 mm as a whole, the diameter of the projections themselves is 50 mm, and the interval between them is 50 m
m, or a dimensional standard similar thereto. In this case, the shape of the protrusion is not particularly limited, and a polygon such as a circle, a triangle, or a rectangle can be adopted. Further, the protrusion may be integrally formed with a heat insulating plate made of a foamed resin, or may be bonded to the heat insulating plate with an adhesive or the like when molding is difficult.

The wooden building of the present invention may be a one-story building, or may be a two-story or higher-rise building. In the latter case, air is guided only to the space above the ceiling on the top floor, and the ceiling on each floor may be simply a partition.However, in order to optimize the temperature of the room on each floor, air is guided to the space above the ceiling on each floor. Is good. In addition, when the room is maintained at a predetermined temperature using geothermal energy, if the temperature of the air under the floor varies, the holding efficiency is not very good. That is, it is important that the temperature of the air under the floor is substantially uniform as a whole. Therefore, in the present invention, the surrounding cloth foundation is provided,
There is no cloth foundation under the floor, just a solid foundation.
It is considered as one room. Therefore, a bundle below the floor,
For example, it is preferable to support with a plastic bundle or the like. Further, it is preferable to attach a heat insulating plate made of a foamed resin to the outer cloth base to insulate the underfloor from outside air.

[0011] By the way, the cloth foundation is generally provided with a ventilation hole for ventilation under the floor, but as described above,
In the present invention, it is necessary to maintain the air under the floor at a predetermined temperature using geothermal energy, and thus no ventilation hole is provided. However, if ventilation is not performed under the floor at all, there is a concern about problems such as moisture.
In addition, when the wooden building has a high airtight structure, there is a concern that indoor air may become dirty. Therefore, it is better to provide an intake port with a filter and use a planned ventilation system to ventilate to the extent that the temperature of the underfloor air does not fluctuate, and to slowly introduce the underfloor air into the room and slowly ventilate it. .

That is, a filter-equipped intake port is formed on the outer fabric base so that outside air can be introduced under the floor, and a filter-equipped inlet port for introducing the air of the inner ventilation layer into the room is formed on the inner wall. In addition, it is preferable to form an exhaust port with a ventilation fan for exhausting indoor air to the outside on the outer wall and the inner wall. In addition, so that the humidity under the floor does not rise,
It is preferable to lay a moisture-proof sheet under the floor. In addition, since the underfloor is treated as one room, that is, the air under the floor is introduced into the room, it is preferable not to perform the termite control treatment.

Further, in order to secure the heat retaining effect of the inner ventilation layer, it is preferable that the doors and windows facing the outside use those having high heat insulation and airtightness.

Further, when the outer wall and the roof base are formed by using the ventilation and heat insulating panel as described above, when the outer ventilation layer and the inner foaming resin layer are formed on the outer wall by using the heat insulating plate made of a foamed resin. The construction is simpler, the construction period can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced.

That is, according to the present invention, a plurality of heat-insulating plates made of a foamed resin having a plurality of projections formed on a substantially entire surface thereof at predetermined intervals are sandwiched between a pair of plywoods. Using an air-insulating panel formed by forming an air-permeable layer between one of the plywood and the heat-insulating plate, an outer cloth foundation and an inner solid foundation are cast on the ground, and a wooden frame is assembled on the outer cloth foundation. The outer wall is formed by fixing the ventilation insulating panel to the outside of the wooden frame with the ventilation layer side facing outward, and fixing the ventilation insulating panel to the upper part of the wooden frame with the ventilation layer facing outward. An inner ventilation layer is formed between the outer wall and the outer wall to guide the air under the floor maintained at a substantially constant temperature by the geothermal heat to the space above the ceiling, while forming a roof base on the roof base. Wall finish, floor finish A wooden structure characterized by forming a room partitioned by an inner wall, a floor surface and a ceiling by fixing a veneering material and a ceiling finishing material, and opening a ventilation opening in an eaves ceiling and a roof ridge of the outer wall. A construction method of a building can be provided.

After assembling the wooden frame, the outer wall, the roof, the inner wall,
The order in which the floor and ceiling are constructed is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the situation at the site. Further, the heat insulation plate of the outer cloth foundation may be fixed to the outside or the inside of the cloth foundation with a nail or an adhesive, but when the outer cloth foundation is cast, foam is formed on a portion corresponding to the inner surface of the outer cloth foundation in the formwork. It is preferable from the viewpoint of construction that a heat insulating plate made of resin is inserted, a concrete is cast in that state, and the heat insulating plate is hung on the outer fabric base and attached.

[0017]

According to the present invention, a highly airtight structure is obtained by using a heat insulating panel which exhibits a dual heat insulating function by an outer ventilation layer and an inner foamed resin layer. Alternatively, the heat insulating effect is higher than when a heat insulating structure is obtained with glass wool, and there is no occurrence of mold, wood decay, etc. due to condensation as in the case of obtaining a heat insulating structure with glass wool.

Further, since the construction is performed using a ventilation insulation panel having a double insulation structure in advance, the construction is simple, the construction period can be greatly reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced.

Further, since the room is shielded from the outside air by using the ventilation and heat insulating panel and the room is maintained at a constant temperature by using the geothermal energy of about 14 ° C., the room is maintained at a temperature suitable for the human body throughout the year. As a result, air conditioning and cooling / heating as in the related art are not required, and the cost of air conditioning and cooling / heating can be significantly reduced.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to specific examples shown in the drawings. 1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, an outer cloth foundation 11 and an inner solid foundation 12 are cast on a ground 10, and a heat insulation plate 13 made of urethane foam having a thickness of, for example, 30 mm is fixed in the entire cloth foundation 11, and A wooden frame 20 is assembled on the cloth base 11. Although not shown, a moisture-proof sheet is laid under the floor for the purpose of moisture-proof, and a waterproof tape is provided below the two bases 21 of the wooden frame.

The pillars (through pillars and tubular pillars) 2 of the wooden frame 20
A ventilation insulation panel 50 is fixed to the outside of the outer wall 1 with nails or the like, and siding or mortar is applied thereon to form an outer wall 3.
0 is formed, and a ventilation base panel 37 is fixed to the girder 23, the purlin 24 and the climbing girder 25 of the wooden frame 20 by nails or the like to form a ceiling base 37, and a roofing material (for example, a tile or a roof plate) is formed thereon. Etc.) 38 are fixed, and a ridge 39 is formed at the top of the roofing material 38.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ventilation and heat insulating panel 50 is composed of a structural plywood 51, a heat insulating plate 52 made of urethane foam and a plywood 53. A 5 mm plywood is used, and a 12 mm thick plywood is used for the plywood 53. The heat insulating plate 52 has a thickness of 30 mm, and one side thereof has a thickness of 100 mm.
A cylindrical projection 54 having a height of 20 mm and an outer diameter of 50 mm is integrally formed on lattice points of mm intervals, and the ventilation layer 55 is formed between the heat insulating plate 52 and the plywood 53 by the projection 54. Is formed.

The ventilation and heat insulating panel 50 has a ventilation layer 55
The outer ventilation layer 55 and the inner heat insulating plate 52 form a double heat insulating structure. The outer wall 30 has a ventilation opening 56 on the eaves ceiling to open the air of the outer ventilation layer 55 to the outside air. For the roof, the basement 3 in ridge 39
7 ventilating opening 57 for opening the air of the outer ventilation layer 55 to the outside air.
Are respectively formed.

A wall finishing material 31 is fixed inside the pillar 21 of the wooden frame 20, and an inner wall 32 is fixed. A floor finishing material 33 is fixed on the base 22 of the wooden frame 20, and a floor surface 34 is fixed.
However, the ceiling finishing material 35 is fixed between the pillars 21 and the ceiling 3
6 are formed, and a pillar 2 is provided between the outer wall 30 and the inner wall 32.
The air in the underfloor space 40 using the thickness of
1 is formed.

Further, a suction port 60 with a filter is provided on the outer fabric base 11 so that outside air can be introduced under the floor, while a filter-introduced port 61 is provided below the inner wall 32 facing the room. Is formed and the inner ventilation layer 42 is formed.
Of air can be introduced indoors. Further, an exhaust port 62 with a ventilation fan is formed on the outer wall 30 and the inner wall 32 in the upper part of the room, so that the air in the room can be exhausted to the outside. Thus, a planned ventilation system is configured.

Next, a construction method will be described. Ground 1
At 0, a concrete work is carried out as usual, and concrete is cast to form a cloth foundation 11 and a solid foundation 12. At this time, a heat insulating material made of urethane foam is formed in the form for constructing the cloth foundation 11. The plate 13 is inserted into a portion corresponding to the inner surface of the cloth foundation, concrete is poured, and heat insulation of the cloth foundation 12 is performed.
The cloth foundation 11 and the solid foundation 12 are EM bacteria (trade name).
It is advisable to mix the concrete into the concrete, or to spread the powdered bioceramics (trade name) before setting and solidifying it after the casting, and bury it evenly with a trowel to prevent contamination of the air under the floor. . After that, the wooden frame 20 including the base 21 and the like is assembled on the cloth foundation 11.

The outer wall 30 and the ceiling base 37 are formed on the wooden frame 20 by using the ventilation insulation panel 50, and the ceiling base 3 is formed.
A roof material 38 is fixed to 7 to form a roof. In the wooden frame 20, an inner wall 32, a floor surface 34 and a ceiling 36 are formed by using a wall finishing material 31, a floor finishing material 33 and a ceiling finishing material 35.

At this time, the wall finishing material 31, the floor finishing material 33 and the floor finishing material 33 are formed between the outer wall 30 and the inner wall 32 so that an inner ventilation layer 42 for guiding the air in the underfloor space 40 to the underfloor space 41 is formed. The ceiling finishing material 35 is fixed. In addition, outer wall 3
Ventilation openings 56 and 57 are formed in the eaves ceiling and ridge 39 of the eaves 0, the intake 60 is provided in the outer cloth foundation 11, and the inlet 6 is provided in the inner wall 32.
1. When the exhaust port 62 is formed in the outer wall 30 and the inner wall 32,
A wooden house in this example can be constructed.

The feature of this embodiment resides in that the interior of the room is kept warm using geothermal heat, and that the double insulation is performed using the ventilation insulation panel 50. The other parts are the same as the conventional structure. Detailed description is omitted.

Next, the function and effect will be described. Since the underground heat is constant at approximately 14 ° C. throughout the year, the air in the underfloor space 40 is also approximately 14 ° C. throughout the year. This air flows through the inner ventilation layer 42 to the space 41 above the ceiling,
At that time, the room is maintained at approximately 14 ° C. On the other hand, the outer wall 30
In addition, since the outside air circulates through the outer ventilation layer in the ceiling base 37 and is opened to the outside from the ventilation holes 56 and 57 of the eaves ceiling and the ridge 39, the double insulation function is exhibited in combination with the function of the urethane foam insulation plate 52. In addition, the space under the floor, the room, and the space above the ceiling are shielded from the outside air, so that a temperature drop or a temperature rise in the room is prevented.

Therefore, as a result of keeping the room at a temperature suitable for the human body throughout the year, the conventional air conditioning and cooling / heating are not required, and the cost of air conditioning and cooling / heating can be greatly reduced. Moreover, since the highly airtight structure is obtained by using the heat insulating panel 50 having the double heat insulating structure, there is no occurrence of mold, wood rot, etc. due to condensation as in the case of obtaining a heat insulating structure with glass wool.

Further, since the construction is performed using a ventilation insulation panel having a double insulation structure in advance, the construction is simple, the construction period can be greatly reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced.

In the room, the ventilation fan of the exhaust port 62 is always operated slowly, and the air in the room is exhausted to the outside. While being introduced indoors,
Fresh outside air is sucked under the floor from the intake port 60, and thus the air is slowly ventilated under the floor, and the indoor air is prevented from being stained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the structure of a preferred embodiment of a wooden building according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a structure of a ventilation heat insulating panel used in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a heat insulating plate made of urethane foam in the ventilation heat insulating panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ground 11 Cloth foundation 12 Solid foundation 20 Wooden frame 30 Outer wall 31 Wall finishing material 32 Inner wall 33 Floor finishing material 34 Floor surface 35 Ceiling finishing material 36 Ceiling 37 Ceiling foundation 40 Underfloor space 41 Ceiling space 50 Ventilation insulation panel 51 Structural plywood 52 Insulation plate 53 Plywood 54 Protrusion 55 Outer ventilation layer 60 Inlet with filter 61 Inlet with filter 62 Exhaust with ventilator

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A wooden building having a highly airtight structure and capable of maintaining a room at a temperature suitable for a human body at a substantially constant temperature, wherein a solid foundation is cast inside an outer cloth foundation. The underfloor is kept almost constant at a temperature suitable for the human body by the geothermal heat, and an inner ventilation layer is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall to guide the air under the floor to the space above the ceiling, so that the room is adapted to the human body. The outer wall and the base of the roof are formed by using a ventilated heat insulating panel while the temperature is maintained substantially constant at a suitable temperature. An insulating plate made of a foamed resin formed by being sandwiched is sandwiched between a pair of plywood panels, and has an outer ventilation layer and an inner foaming resin layer, and the outside air passes through the outer ventilation layer of the outer wall and the eaves ceiling. In addition, the outside ventilation of the above ceiling base Through it is respectively open to the ridge, wooden structure, characterized in that the chamber and the ceiling is no such is insulated from the outside air at the outside vent layers and inner foamed resin layer. 2. The outside fabric base is provided with a suction port with a filter so that outside air can be introduced under the floor, and the inside wall has a filter for introducing the air of the inside ventilation layer into the room. The wooden building according to claim 1, wherein an inlet is formed, and an exhaust port with a ventilation fan for exhausting room air to the outside is formed in the outer wall and the inner wall. 3. The wooden building according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating plate made of a foamed resin is attached to the outer cloth base, and the underfloor is insulated from outside air. 4. A heat insulating plate made of a foamed resin, in which a plurality of protrusions are formed at a predetermined interval from each other on substantially the entire surface, are sandwiched by a pair of plywoods. Using an air-insulated panel formed with a ventilation layer between the heat-insulating plate, placing an outer cloth foundation and an inner solid foundation on the ground, assembling a wooden skeleton on the outer cloth foundation, and outside the wooden skeleton The above-mentioned ventilation insulation panel is fixed with the ventilation layer side outward to form an outer wall, and the ventilation insulation panel is fixed above the wooden frame with the ventilation layer side outward to form a roof base. The wooden frame has a structure in which a roof material is supported on the roof foundation and an internal ventilation layer for guiding air under the floor, which is maintained at a substantially constant temperature by geothermal heat, to the space above the ceiling, is formed between the roof material and the outer wall. Wall finishing, floor finishing and ceiling finishing Internal wall by fixing the, form a room partitioned by the floor and ceiling, the construction method of wooden structure, characterized in that so as to open the vent in the ridge of the soffit ceilings and roofs of the outer wall. 5. In placing the outer cloth foundation, a heat insulating plate made of a foamed resin is inserted into a portion corresponding to the inner surface of the outer cloth foundation in the formwork, and in that state, a concrete is poured into the outer cloth foundation to form the outer cloth foundation. The method for constructing a wooden building according to claim 4, wherein a heat insulating plate is attached to perform heat insulation under the floor.