JPH10286448A - Kneading device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To mechanically knead a material to be kneaded efficiently by allowing the material to be kneaded to pass by a free fall due to its own weight through a deformed passage whose sectional shape gradually changes in a longitudinal direction. It is to provide a device. SOLUTION: Entrance portions 12a and 13a are formed at one end and exit portions 12b and 13b are formed at the other end, and a cross-sectional shape continuously changes from the entrance portion to the exit portion and extends in a substantially vertical direction. A plurality of elements 11a and 11b having deformed passages 12 and 13 are connected so that the deformed passages are arranged substantially vertically, and one or more fluid materials to be kneaded are introduced into the inlet of the uppermost element. From,
By allowing each of the deformed passages 12 and 13 to pass toward the outlet portion by free fall, a compressing action and a deforming action based on the compressive action are given to the kneaded material, and the kneaded materials passing through each deformed passage are merged on the way to fall. It is characterized by kneading by dividing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a kneading apparatus for kneading a fluid material to be kneaded, and more particularly, to a kneading material itself by passing the material to be kneaded through a deformed passage having a changed sectional shape. And to a kneading device for kneading by changing the cross-sectional shape of the kneading device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are various materials that require kneading. The material is, for example, a material for noodles such as “udon” or “soba” that is favored as food, a material for kneaded products, furthermore, a mortar or concrete.

[0003] Materials to be kneaded which require such kneading often exhibit favorable properties or good properties and physical properties as they are kneaded. Therefore, in the case of such materials to be kneaded, sufficient kneading is required in advance. Need work.

In the conventional kneading method, there are mixers (kneading devices) of an arm type, a chi type, a roll type, etc., depending on the kneading method, and these are mechanically performed. Suitable for.

[0005]

However, such a conventional kneading apparatus is certainly effective depending on the material to be kneaded, but it is not very efficient from the viewpoint of energy and time required for kneading. Are known.

For example, Yoji Akao, Hisakazu Shindo, Anher
Hernan's research report, “Synthesis of mixed systems and formation of their optimal layers”, Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Vol. 19, no. 11
(1982)｝, the feed layer (optimum layer) that reaches the fully mixed state fastest is a stratified mixture obtained by the folding operation of the basic model of the moving mixing, that is, compression, bisecting, and halving. It is described as corresponding to a layered mixture obtained by repeating the operation of stacking.

[0007] In this respect, the kneading method of compressing and stretching the kneaded material, folding and stacking it, and then compressing and stretching it, such as handmade bread, is an extremely efficient method. It can be understood that If the folding and compression steps are
If it is performed twice, it is equivalent to kneading as high as 2 30 = 1 billion times. Here, if the kneading method of performing compression in a state of three layers or four layers before compression is performed, in the above example, the numerical value corresponding to 2 to the 30th power is 3 to 30.
It can be assumed that the power is raised to the power of 4 or the power of 30 and the efficiency is further improved.

On the other hand, as described above, mixers (kneading apparatuses) which have been frequently used, such as arm type, chi type, roll type, etc.
In each case, since there are many mechanically movable parts, wear and damage are likely to occur accordingly. Furthermore, the device itself is relatively expensive. Such a point is particularly remarkable in the field of construction and civil engineering when mortar or concrete containing particles such as fine aggregate and coarse aggregate is used as a material to be kneaded.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. The object of the present invention is to allow a material to be kneaded to pass through a deformed passage whose sectional shape gradually changes in the longitudinal direction by free fall due to its own weight. To provide a kneading apparatus for mechanically kneading the material to be kneaded efficiently.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a kneading apparatus, and is configured as follows to solve the above-mentioned technical problem. That is, in the kneading apparatus of the present invention, an inlet portion is formed at one end and an outlet portion is formed at the other end, and the cross-sectional shape continuously changes from the inlet portion to the outlet portion, and extends substantially vertically. A plurality of deformation passages, provided between the inlet portion and the outlet portion of each of the deformation passages, and a merging / dividing means for merging and dividing the material to be kneaded passing through each of the deformation passages; One or two or more materials to be kneaded are introduced from the inlet portion, and are kneaded by passing the deformed passages toward the outlet portion by free fall.

<Specific Configuration in the Present Invention> The kneading apparatus of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned essential components, but is established even when the components are specifically as follows. The specific constituent elements are configured such that the kneading device connects a plurality of elements substantially vertically, and each of the elements has an inlet end, an outlet end, and a plurality of the elements extending from the inlet end to the outlet end. A deformed passage, and the arrangement pattern of the inlet portion of each deformed passage formed at the inlet end is different from the arrangement pattern of the outlet portion of each deformed passage formed at the outlet end. An element is connected in close contact with the outlet end and the inlet end of the adjacent element, and a connecting portion between an inlet and an outlet of each of the deformed passages at a connection side end of each of the elements is formed by the merging division means. Is characterized.

Further, in the element, rectangular openings are formed side by side as an arrangement pattern of the entrances of the respective deformed passages, and rectangular openings are formed vertically as an arrangement pattern of the exits. The kneading device is configured by alternately vertically connecting the different elements of this type alternately with different types of communication between the respective inlet portions and the respective outlet portions of the respective deformed passages. .

According to the kneading apparatus having such features, when the material to be kneaded is introduced into the internal deformed passage from the upper inlet end of the kneading apparatus in which the plurality of deformed passages are arranged substantially vertically, Falls in each deformed passage by free fall due to its own weight. Since the cross-sectional shape of each deformed passage changes continuously in the longitudinal direction, the material to be kneaded falling in the deformed passage is subjected to compressive deformation and a deforming action based thereon to be kneaded.

In addition, while the material to be kneaded falls through the deformed passage, the material to be kneaded passing through the deformed passages merges by passing through the dividing flow means, and is again divided (divided) into the deformed passages. By dropping and preferably repeating this, better kneading will be achieved.

In general, this partial flow action can be necessarily obtained by connecting a plurality of elements in a vertical direction so as to be stacked. As described above, the element includes an inlet end, an outlet end, and a plurality of deformed passages extending from the inlet end to the outlet end, and an arrangement pattern of an inlet portion of each deformed passage formed at the inlet end. The arrangement pattern of the outlet portion of each deformed passage formed at the outlet end is different.

If such elements are brought into close contact with each other at the outlet end and the inlet end of the adjacent element,
The connection between the inlet and outlet of each deformed passage in each element serves as a merging / dividing means.

In the case of using an element in which rectangular openings are arranged side by side as an array pattern at the entrance of each deformed passage, and rectangular openings are formed up and down as an array pattern at the outlets. If at least two types of elements having different communication modes between the respective inlet portions and the respective outlet portions of the respective deformed passages are manufactured, and these different types of elements are alternately and vertically connected to form a kneading apparatus, kneading can be performed. The number of linear communication portions from the upper inlet end to the lower outlet end of the apparatus is reduced or eliminated, so that the kneading effect of the auxiliary kneading apparatus that falls from above is further improved.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a kneading apparatus of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 schematically shows a kneading apparatus 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The kneading apparatus 10 according to this embodiment is basically configured by connecting two types of elements 11a and 11b alternately in total of four.

The specific configuration of each of the elements 11a and 11b will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, 1a has square ends, and at both ends flanges F for connecting the elements to one another are formed. This flange F,
A plurality of bolt holes f1 are formed in F, and adjacent elements are connected to each other by using the bolt holes f1 with their ends being bolted.

The element 11a has two deformation passages 12, 13 arranged side by side in the same direction. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, a partition wall 14 is provided at the center of one end of the element 11a so as to form a vertically long opening on the left and right. The vertically long left and right openings serve as the inlets 12a and 13a of the two deformed passages 12 and 13, respectively.

At the other end of the element 11a, a partition wall 15 is provided at the center so as to form a horizontally long opening vertically. The horizontally long upper and lower openings serve as the outlets 12b and 13b of the two deformed passages 12 and 13, respectively. That is, the partition wall 1 at the entrance-side end of the element 11a
The partition wall 4 and the partition wall 15 at the outlet end are arranged so that the directions thereof are different from each other by 90 degrees. Therefore, the deformed passage 1
The arrangement pattern of the two inlet portions 12a and 13a of 2, 13 is formed by arranging rectangular openings side by side, and the arrangement pattern of the two outlet portions 12b and 13b is formed by arranging rectangular openings vertically. Is formed.

The specific shape of the deformed passages 12 and 13 will be described. The cross-sectional shape of each of the deformed passages 12 and 13 changes continuously from the inlets 12a and 13a toward the outlets 12b and 13b. Regarding the mode of the change, the cross-sectional area at any position of each of the deformed passages 12 and 13 is the same from the inlets 12a and 13a to the outlets 13a and 13b, and only the cross-sectional shape changes continuously. I have.

That is, the entrances 12a and 13a are rectangular in the X direction, and the entrances 12a and 13a and the exit 12
The cross-sectional shape is formed in the middle part between b and 13b so as to be a square, and the outlet parts 12b and 13b are formed so as to be a long rectangle in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. The lengths of the deformed passages 12 and 13 are the same.
Accordingly, the material to be kneaded passing through each of the deformed passages 12 and 13 has its cross-sectional shape gradually changed from a rectangle long in the X direction to a square, and then gradually changed to a rectangle long in the Y direction. .

The element 11a has an inlet 12a located on the left side in FIG. 2 and an outlet 12 located above.
b communicates with the deformed passage 12 and the entrance 1 located on the right side
3 a communicates with an outlet 13 b located below through a deformed passage 13.

Next, another type of element 11b
3 is basically the same as the above-described element 11a as shown in FIG. 3, but in this element 11b, an inlet portion 12a located on the left side and an outlet portion 12b located below in FIG. The entrance 13a located on the right side and the exit 13b located above communicate with each other through the passage 12 via the deformed passage 13. That is, this element 1
1b is different in the way of communication between the element 11a and the respective inlets and outlets of the respective deformed passages.

These two types of elements 11a, 1
FIG. 4 shows a state in which 1b are connected alternately. That is, the two types of elements 11a and 11b described above are:
The inlet-side end of the other element 11b is connected to the outlet-side end of one element 11a by bolts with the flanges F in close contact with each other.

Therefore, the two types of elements 11a, 11
At the connection point b, the outlet 12b of the deformed passage 12 in one element 11a communicates with half of the inlet 12a of the deformed passage 12 and half of the inlet 13a of the other deformed passage 13 in the other element 11b. And an outlet 13b of the deformation passage 13 in one element 11a.
Are the other half of the inlet 12a of the deformed passage 12 in the other element 11b and the inlet 1 of the other deformed passage 13.
It will communicate with the other half of 3a.

Therefore, half of the material to be kneaded that has passed through each of the deformed passages 12 and 13 in one element 11a is replaced by each of the deformed passages 1 in the other element 11b.
2, 13 substantially merge, but when the material to be kneaded has passed through one deformation passage, it is divided in half at the junction of the two elements.

Therefore, the two elements 11a, 11b
Each of the outlets and the inlets of the deformed passages formed at the outlet side end and the inlet side end, which are the connecting portions, constitute the joining / dividing means for the material to be kneaded. If such elements 11a and 11b are alternately connected in series as shown in FIG. 1, a joining / dividing means for the material to be kneaded is formed at each connection portion.

The kneading device 10 in such an embodiment
Will be described below with reference to FIG. 5 showing a process chart of the method. Note that this process diagram shows how the cross section of the material to be kneaded changes when two (two-stage) elements 11a and 11b are connected.
Areas of the entrance side end, the middle part, and the exit side end of a and 11b are schematically illustrated.

As can be clearly understood from FIG. 5, first, the material to be kneaded is put into the hopper 16 installed at the upper entrance end of the uppermost element 11a. If 2
When kneading more than one kind of materials to be kneaded, it is preferable to put a large amount of each kind of material to be kneaded into the hopper 16 alternately in layers and drop it. Of course, the most preferable mode suitable for the properties of the material to be kneaded can be adopted as a method for charging the material to be kneaded by various experiments.

The material to be kneaded charged into the hopper 16 is
At the inlet end of the first stage element 11a, it enters the two deformation passages 12 and 13 and is eventually divided into two of A and B. Each sectional shape of the divided material to be kneaded is a rectangle that is long in the X direction. Next, in the middle part of the first stage, the cross-sectional shapes of the materials A and B to be kneaded are both changed to a square, and further, at the end on the exit side of the first stage,
Both of them change into rectangles elongated in the Y direction which differ from the longitudinal direction X on the inlet side by 90 degrees.

Therefore, the cross-sectional shapes of the kneaded materials A and B change from a rectangle long in the X direction → a square → a rectangle long in the Y direction. In the course of this change, the inner wall surfaces of the deformed passages 12 and 13 receive a continuous compression action. As a result, a continuous convection phenomenon occurs in the material to be kneaded itself, particularly in the radial direction of the cross section, whereby the first kneading action is performed.

Next, the partition wall 15 at the entrance end of the second stage element 11b intersects at right angles with the partition wall 14 at the exit end of the first stage element.
The materials A and B to be kneaded coming out from the outlet end of the element 11a of the stage are divided into A / B and A / B, respectively, as shown in FIG. Then, for each of the deformed passages 12 and 13, the kneaded material A / B
Will flow. That is, the second stage element 1
At the inlet side end of 1b, a part of the materials A and B to be kneaded merge in the respective deformed passages 12 and 13, respectively, and the cross-sectional shape of the material to be kneaded in each of the passages is a rectangle long in the X direction.

Next, in the middle part of the second stage, the cross-sectional shape of the material A / B to be kneaded is changed into a square shape as a whole, and at the end on the outlet side, both are changed into a rectangle long in the Y direction. Can be Also in the second stage, the material A / B to be kneaded changes from a rectangle long in the X direction → a square → a rectangle long in the Y direction. In the course of the change, the inner wall surfaces of the deformed passages 12 and 13 receive a continuous compression action. As a result, a continuous convection phenomenon occurs in the material to be kneaded itself, particularly in the radial direction of the cross section, whereby the secondary kneading action is performed.

Although the third stage is not shown, the final kneading material at the second stage exit side end shown in FIG. And are divided into left and right as shown, and merge as A / B / A / B. Thereafter, kneading is performed in the same manner as in the first and second stages.

In this embodiment, two different types of elements 11a and 11b are connected alternately as described above. The reason will be described. FIG.
When one looks at the element 11a shown in FIG. 6 from one end thereof into each of the deformed passages, as shown in FIG. 6, the portion excluding the shadow line is seen as a straight through, that is, a straight through passage.
This is because, as described above, the right inlet part 12a at the inlet side end communicates with the upper outlet part 12b at the outlet side end, and the left inlet part 13a at the inlet side end has the lower part at the outlet side end. Since it communicates with the outlet 13b, it is natural that the area where they partially overlap can be viewed directly from the inlet to the outlet.

When viewed from the longitudinal direction of the element 11a, the inlets 12a, 13a and the outlets 12b, 1b
3b becomes difficult to deform the material to be kneaded (for example, in the case of a material having a high viscosity, a large pressure is applied from the side due to a change in the cross-sectional shape of the deformed passage). However, the kneading material having low viscosity may be hardly deformed. Even when a plurality of elements 11a having the same shape are connected, the state when the deformation path is viewed from the end is not different from the state shown in FIG. Therefore, even if a plurality of elements 11a having the same shape are connected, the kneading effect is not so good.

On the other hand, with respect to the element 11b, the entrance 12
The region where the outlets a and 13a overlap the outlets 12b and 13b is the portion excluding the shadow line shown in FIG. This is different from the element 11a in that the right inlet 12a at the inlet end communicates with the lower outlet 12b at the outlet end, and the left inlet 13a at the inlet end is the outlet end. It is evident from the fact that it communicates with the upper outlet part 13b in FIG.

Therefore, these two types of elements 11a,
When the deformed passage is viewed from the inlet side end portion assuming that the connection portion 11b is connected as shown in FIG. 4, a state as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 is superimposed. As a result, the outlet portion is directly viewed from the inlet portion. Will not be able to. That is, the material to be kneaded from the inlet does not flow to the outlet in a so-called straight state, and as a result, the kneading effect is further enhanced.

It has been found that such a kneading apparatus 10 is very useful, for example, for kneading the core material of a Rockwell dam or for kneading mortar and coarse aggregate as a pretreatment in producing concrete. Generally, the particle size of the coarse aggregate mixed with concrete is 80 mm, 40 mm, 25 mm
It is preferable to determine the entrance width (indicated by L in FIG. 6) of each deformed passage in accordance with the particle size of the coarse aggregate.
In this case, the relationship between the entrance width L and the particle size of the coarse aggregate used is L ≧ 3 × (particle size of the coarse aggregate used). That is, the particle size of the coarse aggregate used is 25 mm and 40 m, respectively.
m, 80 mm, L is about 85 mm, 135 m
m, preferably about 250 mm.

Although the element used in the above-described embodiment has the two deformed passages 12 and 13, the four deformed passages 22 and 23, as shown in FIG.
The kneading device 10 can also be configured by connecting the elements 21 including 24 and 25. The concept of this element 21 is the same as that of the above-described elements 11a and 11b. The opening on the end side is a square as a whole, is provided with a flange F for connection around it, and further has four openings whose end on the inlet side is long in the X direction. To form three partitions 26, 27, 28
And the entrance 2 of the four deformation passages 22 to 25
2a, 23a, 24a, and 25a.

On the other hand, the outlet end of the element 21 has a Y direction different from the inlets of the inlet end by 90 degrees.
Three partition walls 29 so as to form a long opening in the direction,
The outlet section 22 of each deformed passage is partitioned by 30, 30
b, 23b, 24b, and 25b. 8, the inlet 22a of the deformed passage 22 communicates with the second outlet 22b from the top and the inlet 23 of the deformed passage 23.
a communicates with the uppermost outlet 23b, the inlet 24a of the deformed passage 24 communicates with the lower outlet 24b, and the inlet 25a of the deformed passage 25 has a third outlet 25 from the top.
b.

The change of the sectional shape in the longitudinal direction of each of the deformed passages 22, 23, 24, 25 is basically the same as that of the elements 11a, 11b shown in the previous embodiment. However, the outline of the entire element 21 is different because it has four deformation passages.

FIG. 9 shows a process diagram of a kneading method using a kneading device configured by connecting two of the elements 21 (in this example, connecting the same shaped elements 21). 1
The material to be kneaded, which has entered the rectangular entrances 22a to 25a long in the X direction at the entrance end of the step element 21, is B, A, D, C, when exiting the exits 22b to 25b.
At the exit side end of the second stage element 21, each row is joined in a state of 16 layers long in the X direction.
Here, the imaginary line X3 indicates the next third-stage division line.

[0046]

As described above, according to the kneading apparatus of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the fluid material to be kneaded is continuously changed by free fall from the inlet to the outlet by its own weight. By passing the deformed passage, the cross-sectional shape of the material to be kneaded changes continuously in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the deformed passage, and the material to be kneaded is merged and divided by the merging division means while passing through each deformed passage. As a result, a compression action and a deformation action based on the compression action can be given to the material to be kneaded, so that there is no direct movable part,
Therefore, kneading can be efficiently performed by a mechanical device having a relatively simple structure that does not cause wear or damage prevention.

Further, according to the kneading apparatus of the present invention, the elements are composed of at least two kinds of elements having different communication modes between the respective inlets and the respective outlets of the respective deformed passages. Since the components are connected alternately vertically, the kneading effect of the material to be kneaded when passing through the lowermost element can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a kneading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing one type of element constituting the kneading apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another type of element constituting the kneading apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the element shown in FIG. 2 and the element shown in FIG. 3 are connected.

FIG. 5 is a model diagram showing how the cross section of the material to be kneaded changes when two elements are connected as shown in FIG. 4 with respect to the area of the inlet-side end, the middle part, and the outlet-side end of each element; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing a state in which each of the deformation paths inside the element shown in FIG. 2 is viewed from the inlet end.

FIG. 7 is a plan view schematically showing a state in which each deformed passage inside the element shown in FIG. 3 is viewed from an inlet end.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an element having another structure constituting the kneading apparatus of the present invention, that is, an element having four deformation passages therein.

FIG. 9 is a model diagram showing the manner of change in the cross section of the material to be kneaded when two elements shown in FIG. 8 are connected, with respect to the area of the inlet-side end, intermediate part, and outlet-side end of each element; It is a process drawing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Kneading apparatus 11a Element 11b Element 12 Deformation path 12a Inlet part 12b Exit part 13 Deformation path 13a Inlet part 13b Exit part 14 Partition wall 15 Partition wall 21 Element 22 Deformation path 22a Inlet part 22b Outlet part 23 Deformation path 23a Inlet part 23b Portion 24 Deformed passage 24a Inlet 24b Outlet 25 Deformed passage 25a Inlet 25b Outlet 26 Partition wall 27 Partition wall 28 Partition wall 29 Partition wall 30 Partition wall 31 Partition wall

Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masaaki Miyata 2-10-26 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Maeda Construction Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinichi Igawa 2- 10-26 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Maeda Construction (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Kojima 2-10-26 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Maeda Construction Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of deformed passages having an inlet portion formed at one end and an outlet portion formed at the other end, wherein a cross-sectional shape continuously changes from the inlet portion to the outlet portion and extends in a substantially vertical direction. And a joining / dividing means provided between the inlet and the outlet of each of the deformed passages to join and divide the material to be kneaded passing through each of the deformed passages. A kneading apparatus wherein the material to be kneaded is introduced from the inlet portion and kneaded by allowing the material to pass through the deformed passages toward the outlet portion by free fall. 2. The kneading apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the kneading device is configured by connecting a plurality of elements substantially vertically, and each of the elements includes an inlet end, an outlet end, and the plurality of deformed passages extending from the inlet end to the outlet end. The arrangement pattern of the entrance portion of each of the deformed passages formed at the entrance end is different from the arrangement pattern of the exit portion of each of the modification passages formed at the exit end. The outlet end and the inlet end of the adjacent element are connected in close contact with each other, and a connecting portion between an inlet portion and an outlet portion of each of the deformed passages at a connection side end portion of each element constitutes the merging division means. The kneading apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The element is formed such that rectangular openings are arranged side by side as an arrangement pattern of the entrances of the respective deformed passages, and rectangular openings are arranged up and down as an arrangement pattern of the exits. The kneading device is configured by alternately and vertically connecting the different elements of this type with at least two types having different communication modes between the respective inlet portions and the respective outlet portions of the respective deformed passages. The kneading device according to claim 2.