JPH10318541A5 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH10318541A5
JPH10318541A5 JP1998054064A JP5406498A JPH10318541A5 JP H10318541 A5 JPH10318541 A5 JP H10318541A5 JP 1998054064 A JP1998054064 A JP 1998054064A JP 5406498 A JP5406498 A JP 5406498A JP H10318541 A5 JPH10318541 A5 JP H10318541A5
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Prior art keywords
fuel
duct
premixer
combustion chamber
flame
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JP1998054064A
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JPH10318541A (ja
JP4205199B2 (ja
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Priority claimed from US08/812,894 external-priority patent/US5943866A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Claims (20)

  1. 上流端にドームを下流端に出口を有する燃焼室と、
    前記燃焼器ドームに連結された複数個のプレミキサであって、各プレミキサが
    、圧縮空気を受け取るダクト入口を一端に有し、前記燃焼室と流通関係に配置されたダクト出口を反対端に有するダクトと、前記ダクト内に前記ダクト入口に隣接して配置された、ダクトを通過する空気に旋回を与えるスワラとを含む、プレミキサと、
    前記プレミキサダクトのそれぞれに燃料を噴射して、前記ダクト内で空気と混合し、さらに前記燃焼室中に流入させて前記ダクト出口それぞれに燃焼火炎を発生させるための、燃料噴射手段とを備え、
    前記燃料噴射手段は、前記ドームと前記スワラとの間で互いに軸線方向に離間した複数個の燃料噴射オリフィスが、燃料を前記ドームからの異なる軸線方向多段化距離にて噴射して、燃料を燃焼から切り離して、前記燃焼火炎の動的圧力振幅を低減するように構成された、
    燃焼器。
  2. 前記プレミキサそれぞれがさらに、前記ダクト内に同軸配置され、前記スワラに連結された上流端をダクト入口に、ブラフ下流端を前記ダクト出口に有する中心体を含み、この中心体が前記ダクトから半径方向内方に離間してダクトとの間に流れチャンネルを画定し、
    前記燃料噴射手段はさらに、第1プレミキサダクト内にかつ前記ドームから上流に共通な第1軸線方向距離に配置された複数個の第1燃料噴射オリフィスを含み、前記ダクト流れチャンネルがドームと第1オリフィス間で無障害であり、さらに第2プレミキサダクト内にかつ前記ドームから上流に共通な第2軸線方向距離に配置された複数個の第2燃料噴射オリフィスを含み、前記第1オリフィスおよび第2オリフィスが互いに軸線方向に離間している、
    請求項1に記載の燃焼器。
  3. 前記火炎が前記プレミキサ中に上流方向に伝播する圧力振動にて励起可能で、前記第1および第2オリフィスからの燃料空気混合物を第1および第2燃料濃度波として振動させ、
    前記第1および第2オリフィス間の軸線方向間隔のため、前記第1および第2燃料濃度波が互いに位相のずれた関係となり、これにより前記火炎圧力振動の大きさを低減して、前記燃焼室内での動的圧力不安定性を低減する、
    請求項2に記載の燃焼器。
  4. 前記軸線方向多段化を1対の前記プレミキサで行い、前記第1オリフィスを第1プレミキサに配置し、第2オリフィスを第2プレミキサに配置した、請求項3に記載の燃焼器。
  5. 前記第1および第2プレミキサ両方の流れチャンネルが前記第1および第2オリフィスから前記ドームまで無障害である、請求項4に記載の燃焼器。
  6. 前記火炎圧力振動が周期を有し、前記第1および第2波が前記流れチャンネルをある速度で移行し、前記軸線方向間隔が前記周期の1/2と前記速度との積にほぼ等しい、請求項4に記載の燃焼器。
  7. 前記燃料噴射手段がさらに、それぞれ前記中心体から半径方向外方に延在し、かつ円周方向に離間した第1および第2燃料スポークを含み、前記第1オリフィスが前記第1スポークに配置され、前記第2オリフィスが前記第2スポークに配置され、これにより前記燃料を前記流れダクトに半径方向および円周方向に分布させる、請求項4に記載の燃焼器。
  8. 前記軸線方向多段化を前記複数のプレミキサのうち共通な1つのプレミキサで行い、前記第1および第2オリフィス両方が前記ダクト流れチャンネルと流通関係に配置され、これにより燃料を流れチャンネル内に2つの軸線方向に離間した平面で吐出す、請求項3に記載の燃焼器。
  9. 複数の空気および燃料プレミキサが流通関係に配置された燃焼室においての燃焼を動的に安定化させるにあたり、
    前記プレミキサで燃料と空気を混合して燃料空気混合物を形成し、
    前記燃料空気混合物を前記燃焼室に吐出し、
    前記燃料空気混合物を前記燃焼室で燃焼させて、上流方向にプレミキサ中に伝播する圧力振動にて励起可能な火炎を形成し、これにより前記燃料空気混合物を燃料濃度波として振動させ、
    前記燃料空気混合物を前記プレミキサ内で軸線方向に多段化して、対応する燃料濃度波が互いに位相のずれた関係となるようにし、燃料を燃焼から切り離し、これにより火炎圧力振動の大きさを低減し、燃焼室内での動的圧力不安定性を低減する、
    工程を含む、燃焼の動的安定化方法。
  10. 前記軸線方向多段化を、前記プレミキサにおいて空気および燃料の少なくとも一方を多段化することによって行う、請求項9に記載の方法。
  11. 前記軸線方向多段化を数対のプレミキサ間で行い、第1燃料濃度波を第1プレミキサで形成し、第2燃料濃度波を第2プレミキサで形成し、前記第1および第2燃料濃度波を前記燃焼室中に同時に吐出して、前記燃焼室内での動的圧力不安定性を低減する、請求項9に記載の方法。
  12. 前記軸線方向多段化を各プレミキサで行い、2つ以上の前記燃料濃度波をプレミキサに形成して、単一周波数での動的圧力を低減する、請求項9に記載の方法。
  13. 軸線方向多段化を多数の軸線方向位置で行って、多数の燃料濃度波を形成し、これにより複数の異なる周波数での動的圧力を低減する、請求項12に記載の方法。
  14. 前記2つの燃料濃度波が合一燃料濃度波を形成し、この合一波が前記燃焼室に吐出され、燃焼にさらされ、前記火炎圧力振動との位相のずれた関係で熱を発生する、請求項12に記載の方法。
  15. 上流端を有する燃焼室と、
    前記燃焼室の上流端に連結され、圧縮空気を受け取るダクト入口を一端に有し、前記燃焼室と流通関係に配置されたダクト出口を反対端に有するダクトを含む、プレミキサと、
    前記ダクト出口から上流に第1距離にて燃料を前記プレミキサダクト内に噴射し、前記ダクト内で空気と混合し、さらに前記燃焼室中に流入させて前記ダクト出口に燃焼火炎を発生させるための、燃料噴射手段とを備え、前記燃焼火炎が前記ダクト内で上流に前記燃料噴射手段に向けて伝播する圧力振動を有し、これにより前記燃料および空気がダクト内で燃料濃度波として振動し、
    前記第1距離を適切に選択して、前記燃料濃度波が前記ダクト出口に到達し、燃焼にさらされて、前記火炎圧力振動とは位相のずれた関係で熱を発生するようにした、
    燃焼器。
  16. 前記熱発生が前記火炎圧力振動とは180°位相のずれた関係となるように前記第1距離を選択した、請求項15に記載の燃焼器。
  17. 前記火炎圧力振動が2つの異なる周波数で起こり、前記第1距離は、前記熱発生がこれら2つの周波数両方での前記火炎圧力振動とは位相のずれた関係となるように選択した、請求項15に記載の燃焼器。
  18. 前記ダクトの空気入口が前記ダクト出口から軸線方向上流に、前記第1距離より長い第2距離に配置され、この第2距離は、第1距離と関連して、位相のずれた熱発生と火炎圧力振動とが生じるように選択する、請求項15に記載の燃焼器。
  19. 1つの空気および燃料プレミキサが流通関係に配置された燃焼室においての燃焼を動的に安定化させるにあたり、
    前記プレミキサで燃料と空気を混合して燃料空気混合物を形成し、
    前記燃料空気混合物を前記燃焼室に吐出し、
    前記燃料空気混合物を前記燃焼室で燃焼させて、上流方向にプレミキサ中に伝播する圧力振動を有する火炎を形成し、これにより前記燃料空気混合物を燃料濃度波として振動させ、
    前記プレミキサにおける前記燃料濃度波の燃焼熱発生を時間的に遅延させて、前記燃焼室内の火炎圧力振動と位相のずれた関係とし、これにより燃焼室内での動的圧力不安定性を低減する、
    工程を含む、燃焼の動的安定化方法。
  20. 前記時間遅延工程は、燃料を前記プレミキサ中の空気中に、前記火炎から上流に適当な軸線方向距離にて噴射して、前記火炎圧力振動の位相に対する燃料濃度波の位相を調節することによって行う、請求項19に記載の方法。
JP05406498A 1997-03-10 1998-03-06 燃焼火炎を動的に安定化させた低NOx燃焼器 Expired - Lifetime JP4205199B2 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/812894 1997-03-10
US08/812,894 US5943866A (en) 1994-10-03 1997-03-10 Dynamically uncoupled low NOx combustor having multiple premixers with axial staging

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JPH10318541A JPH10318541A (ja) 1998-12-04
JPH10318541A5 true JPH10318541A5 (ja) 2005-08-11
JP4205199B2 JP4205199B2 (ja) 2009-01-07

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US (2) US5943866A (ja)
JP (1) JP4205199B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE19809364B4 (ja)
GB (1) GB2323157B (ja)

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