JPH10319240A - Head-mounted display - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the head-mounted display which does not give a feeling of mounting so much. SOLUTION: When an image signal is supplied from an image supply device to an LCD 5, the LCD 5 projects display light corresponding to the image signal. This display light is transmitted by an FOP(fiber optic plate) 7 to form an intermediate image on a projection end surface and then made incident on hologram films 4 from an end surface 3b of spectacle lenses 3. The display light made incident on the hologram films 4 is entered into the eyes through the diffraction of the hologram films 4 and at the same time, virtual images are displayed in front of the person who puts on the HMD(head-mounted display) 1 through the lens operation of the hologram films 4. External field light of scenery is made incident on the eyes of the mounting person through the hologram films 4 and spectacle lenses 3. Therefore, the virtual images can be viewed with the eyes of the mounting person simultaneously with the scenery of the external field.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a head mounted display such as a glasses type, a goggles type and a helmet type, and more particularly to a head mounted display in which a feeling of wearing is hardly felt.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a head mounted display (HMD) is known as a small-sized image display device which can be mounted on a head to view an image. This HMD
Is arranged in front of an image display unit composed of a display element typified by a liquid crystal display (LCD) and the like, and an image transmission unit composed of a lens and a mirror having aberration correction and magnification functions,
The image display unit and the image transmission unit are fixed to the head by a mounting mechanism such as a belt. When the moving image is displayed on the display element of the image display unit, the displayed moving image is displayed on a large virtual screen in a place that is easy to see by the aberration correction and enlargement functions of the lens and the mirror of the image transmission unit, and Is visually recognized.

[0003] This type of HMD has a high altitude for aircraft use,
From those that display flight information such as speed, those that display movies, video games, and artificial reality for personal theater have been developed and commercialized. Recently, research on a display for a wearable computer has begun.

[0004] Such HMDs include a see-through type in which the outside world can be seen and a closed type in which the outside world cannot be seen. In the case of displaying the virtual reality, the closed type is preferable in some cases, but the see-through type is generally suitable for portable use. The see-through type HMD includes a beam combiner having a see-through function, in addition to the image display unit and the image transmission unit. This beam combiner has a sharp wavelength selectivity for a specific wavelength and can reflect or diffract only that wavelength. Therefore, 100% of the image display light of the specific wavelength and 100% of the image display light excluding that wavelength are displayed. You can see external light superimposed.

FIG. 9 shows a conventional see-through type HMD shown in, for example, US Pat. No. 5,035,474. The HMD 100 has an image display surface 1
01, a CRT for displaying an image, a prism system 103 and a relay lens 104 for forming display light 101a emitted from the image display surface 101 on an intermediate image formation surface 102.
And display light 101 diverged from the intermediate imaging plane 102
and a hologram combiner 105 that makes a a substantially parallel light beam and enters the eye E of the observer. This intermediate imaging plane 102
Is formed of a distorted surface so that an observer can observe the virtual image 107 of a plane. Also, prism system 1
03 and the optical axis of the relay lens 104 and the external scene 10
6 and the angle θ with the horizontal external light 106a emitted from
₁ is set to 58 ° and the hologram combiner 105
Is the angle between the normal axis LX and the optical axis of the relay lens 104, that is, the incident angle θ ₂ of the display light 101a from the relay lens 104 to the hologram combiner 105 is 27.
The angle between the normal axis LX of the hologram combiner 105 and the diffracted light 101b of the display light 101a from the relay lens 104 and the transmitted light 106b of the external light 106a, that is, the reflection angle θ ₃ is set to 30.24 ° Is set to The hologram combiner 105 is installed on a visor (not shown) at an angle of inclination of 59.7 ° as an inclination angle θ ₄ .

In the above HMD 100, the display light 101a of the image displayed on the image display surface 101 converges on the intermediate image forming surface 102 by passing through the prism system 103 and the relay lens 104 to form an intermediate image. . The intermediate image on the intermediate image forming surface 102 becomes divergent light, is converted into a diffracted light 101b of a substantially parallel light beam by the hologram combiner 105 having a lens function, and is incident on the eye E of the observer. External light 106a of the scene 106 passes through the hologram combiner 105 and enters the observer's eye E as transmitted light 106b. Therefore, the observer has a CRT at infinity.
A virtual image 107 of a plane based on the display light 101a from the image display surface 101 can be superimposed on the external scene 106 and observed. At this time, the diffracted light 101 of the display light 101a
b and the amount of transmitted light 106b of the external light 106a does not decrease.

FIG. 10 shows a conventional closed-type HMD disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-270715. The HMD 200 is arranged on a liquid crystal display (LCD) 201 for displaying an image, an anterior optics system 204 including a concave half mirror 202 and a cholesteric liquid crystal 203, and a front surface of the LCD 201, and corrects a field curvature by the anterior optics system 204. And a fiber plate 205 comprising a plurality of optical fibers 205a. The concave half mirror 202, the cholesteric liquid crystal 203, and the fiber plate 205
01 on the optical axis 201a.

In the above HMD 200, the LCD 20
The display light 201b from No. 1 transmits through the concave half mirror 202, is reflected by the collective liquid crystal 203, is further reflected by the concave surface of the concave half mirror 202, transmits through the collective liquid crystal 203, and enters the observer's eyes. I do. The image of the LCD 201 is magnified and observed in a plane by the observer's eyes.

[0009]

However, according to the see-through type conventional HMD 100 shown in FIG. 9, a complicated lens system including the prism system 103 and the relay lens 104 is used to obtain a plane virtual image 107. However, there is a disadvantage that the display becomes large and heavy. Further, since the hologram combiner 105 is arranged obliquely with respect to the visual axis Ea of the observer's eye E, the hologram combiner 105 does not have a protruding length correspondingly, and the balance becomes poor when the hologram combiner is mounted on the head. There is a disadvantage that the burden on the wearer increases.

Further, a conventional closed-type H shown in FIG.
According to MD 200, concave half mirror 202, cholesteric liquid crystal 203 and fiber plate 205
Is disposed on the optical axis 201a of the LCD 201, and therefore has a drawback that the forward projection length becomes long as in the HMD 100 of FIG.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a head mounted display which does not give a great feeling of wearing.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an image display means for emitting image display light, and a visual axis of a wearer for transmitting the image display light from the image display means from an emitting end face. An optical fiber bundle that emits in an oblique direction with respect to the optical fiber bundle, which is arranged on the visual axis of the wearer, guides the image display light from the emission end face of the optical fiber bundle to the wearer's eyes by diffracting or reflecting the image display light, Provided is a head-mounted display, comprising an anterior optics unit that allows the wearer to visually recognize a virtual image based on the image display light.

[0013]

FIG. 1 shows a head mounted display (hereinafter referred to as "HM") according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
D ". (A) is a perspective view, and FIG.
(b) is a sectional view thereof. This HMD1 is a glasses type H
MD, an eyeglass frame 2, a pair of transparent or translucent eyeglass lenses 3 and 3 fitted in the eyeglass frame 2, and a center of a first surface 3a as a main surface of each eyeglass lens 3,3. Asymmetrical reflection type hologram films 4 and 4 respectively formed, and a pair of left and right liquid crystal displays (LCD) 5 as image display means for emitting display light.
5, illumination light source units 6 and 6 for irradiating the LCDs 5 and 5 with illumination light, respectively, and a pair of left and right fiber optic plates (FOPs) 7 and 7 for inputting display light from the LCD 5 to the end face 3b of the spectacle lens 3. Is configured.

The eyeglass frame 2 includes pads 2a, 2a which come into contact with the nose of the wearer, and housings 2b, 2b for housing the LCD 5, the illumination light source 6 and the FOP7.

The spectacle lens 3 has, for example, a curvature radius of the second surface 3c of 87 mm and a thickness of 6 mm, and is made of a material such as glass such as Pyrex glass or soda glass, or plastic. The spectacle lens 3 may have a degree corresponding to the eyesight of the wearer.

The hologram film 4 is a first hologram film of the spectacle lens 3.
For example, a hologram photosensitive material is applied to the surface 3a in a range of about 20 mm in diameter and is formed by a method described later, and a protective film 40 for protecting the hologram film 4 is attached to the surface. This hologram photosensitive material includes, for example, photopolymer, photoresist, photochromic, photodichromic, silver salt emulsion, dichromated gelatin, dichromated gelatin, plastic, ferroelectric, magneto-optical material, electro-optical material, amorphous A high quality semiconductor, a photorefractive material or the like is used. For the protective film 40, amorphous polyolefin, polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), perfluoroalkoxy polyethylene (PFA), or the like is used.

The LCD 5 is of a transmissive type, for example, has 300,000 × 180,000 pixels and has a size of 10 inches × 14 mm of 0.7 inches. In addition, as the image display means, a reflective LCD, an EL display, a plasma display, a display using a micro movable mirror manufactured by micro machine technology, or the like can be used. LCDs or reflective LCDs are preferred in terms of miniaturization.

FIG. 2 shows the details of the FOP 7. FOP7
Is used to reduce the display light from the LCD 3 to a predetermined reduction rate, for example, 1 /
It is configured to emit light after reducing it to 3. That is, the FOP 7 has a shape having a thickness of 6 μm on the incident side and a thickness of 2 μm on the emission side and a taper ratio of 3: 1 and a length of about 20 μm.
49.5 million optical fibers 70 are bundled. Also, the FOP 7 has an incident end face 7a in close contact with the LCD 5, and the size of the incident end face 7a is the same as that of the LCD 5 and is 10 mm.
mm × 14 mm, the size of the exit end face 7b is about 3.3 mm
× 4.7 mm. The exit end face 7b is a surface that is distorted so that the wearer can observe a virtual image 5a formed in front of the hologram film 4 in a plane, for example, a substantially convex spherical surface.

FIG. 3 shows details of the optical system of the HMD 1. The figure shows the main part on the right side.

The hologram film 4 has a large asymmetric optical system (L
arge-off axis). That is, the hologram
As shown in FIG. 3, the film 4 has an optical axis (Z
Axis), and a first optical axis 4a coinciding with the first optical axis 4a.
And the second optical axis 4b having an angle θ of 58 ° to 88 °.
ing. The hologram film 4, mainly a hologram film
4 and the refractive index of the spectacle lens 3, and
From the LCD 5 based on the modulation of the refractive index of the program film 4
Has a diffraction effect of 55% or more on incident display light
(5 μm or more) is determined as described above. For example,
Let the refractive index of the program film 4 be n₁, The refractive index of the spectacle lens 3
To n_Two, The refractive index n of the hologram film 4₁Modulation of
Is 0.06 or more, the refractive index n_TwoAnd n₁Is the ratio
n_Two/ N ₁When <0.8, it is set to 20 μm or more,_Two
/ N₁When ≧ 0.8, it is 7 μm to 8 μm. n_Two
/ N₁When <0.8, the thickness of the hologram film 4 is set to 20
By setting it to at least μm, all areas of the hologram film 4 are
100% of the diffraction efficiency η is obtained in the region. Also, n_Two/ N
₁When ≧ 0.8, the thickness of the hologram film 4 is set to 7 μm to
By setting it to 8 μm, the diffraction efficiency η of at least 55%
Is obtained.

As shown in FIG. 3, the illumination light source section 6 includes a light source 60 and a reflection / diffractive optical element 6 for irradiating the light from the light source 60 as parallel backlight light 6a on the back surface of the LCD 5.
And 1. The light source 60 includes a fluorescent tube, LE
D or the like is used. As the reflection / diffraction optical element 61, a reflection hologram optical element, a diffraction optical element, or the like is used. The light from the light source 60 is converted into parallel light by the reflection / diffraction optical element 61, and then is incident on the back surface of the LCD 5. Since parallel light is incident on the FOP 7 to enhance the directivity of the backlight 6a, the light use efficiency is improved as compared with the case where divergent light is used, and a bright virtual image 5a can be seen. Since the illumination light source unit 6 is composed of the light source 60 and the reflection / diffractive optical element 61 and is miniaturized,
The illumination light source unit 6 can be built in the glasses frame 2.

Next, a method of manufacturing the HMD 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a hologram film forming apparatus for forming the hologram film 4. This hologram film manufacturing apparatus 10
Is a He-Ne laser 11, first, second and third mirrors 12A, 12B, 12C, half mirror 13, first mirror
And second magnifying lenses 14A and 14B and a collimator lens 15.

First, a region where the hologram film 4 is to be formed on the first surface 3a of the spectacle lens 3 is spin-coated with, for example, a photopolymer 4c as a hologram photosensitive material. At this time, by controlling the rotation speed, etc.,
The photopolymer 4c having a uniform thickness is formed.

Next, the spectacle lens 3 on which the photopolymer 4c is formed is arranged at a predetermined position shown in FIG. When the laser beam 11a is emitted from the He-Ne laser 11 of the hologram film forming apparatus 10, the laser beam 11a is emitted.
a is bent by the first mirror 12A and then split by the half mirror 13 into two beams 13a and 13b. The beam 13a transmitted through the half mirror 13 is bent by the second mirror 12B, converted into a divergent wave by the first magnifying lens 14A, and then converted into a plane wave by the collimator lens 15. The other beam 13b reflected by the half mirror 13 is bent by the third mirror 12C, and then converted into a divergent wave by the second magnifying lens 14B. The divergent wave has an angle θ between the optical axis of the divergent wave and the Z axis.
Is incident from the back side of the photopolymer 4c at the same angle as the angle θ shown in FIG. The beam 13a incident from the front side of the photopolymer 4c and the beam 13b incident from the rear side of the photopolymer 4c form interference fringes on the photopolymer 4c. The hologram is recorded on the interference fringes formed on the photopolymer 4c through a developing process, and the hologram film 4 is completed. Next, in order to protect the surface of the hologram film 4 formed on the spectacle lens 3, a protective film 41 is bonded using an ultraviolet curing adhesive. After that, the spectacle lenses 3 and 3 are fitted into the spectacle frame 2, and the LCDs 5 and 5, the backlight units 6 and 6, and the FOPs 7 and 7 are built in the housing portions 2 b and 2 b of the spectacle frame 2, thereby completing the HMD 1. Although the method of manufacturing the hologram film 4 with a plane wave and a divergent wave has been described, the hologram film 4 can also be manufactured with a convergent wave and a divergent wave. Alternatively, a hologram photosensitive material may be applied to the entire first surface 3a of the spectacle lens 3, and a hologram may be recorded in a necessary area.

Next, the operation of the HMD 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. When an image signal is supplied from an image supply device (not shown) to the LCD 5, the LCD 5
Emits parallel display light 5b corresponding to the image signal based on the parallel backlight light 6a from the illumination light source unit 6. The display light 5 b is transmitted by the FOP 7, forms an intermediate image on the emission end face 7 b, becomes divergent light, and enters the hologram film 4 from the end face 3 b of the spectacle lens 3. The display light 5b incident on the hologram film 4 is introduced into the eye E of the wearer as the diffracted light 5c by the diffraction action of the hologram film 4, and is also directed forward of the spectacle lens 3 by the lens action of the hologram film 4. The virtual image 5a is displayed.
External light 8a of the scene 8 passes through the protective film 40, the hologram film 4, and the negative lens 3, and is introduced into the eye E of the wearer as transmitted light 8b. Therefore, the virtual image 5 a is visually recognized by the wearer's eye E simultaneously with the scene 8.

Next, H according to the first embodiment described above is used.
The effect of MD1 will be described. (A) Since the exit end face 7b of the FOP 7 has a shape for correcting the aberration of the virtual image 5a, the planar virtual image 5a can be visually recognized. (B) Since the exit end face 7b of the FOP 7 is an intermediate image forming surface, it is not necessary to form an intermediate image forming surface using a lens system.
Since the LCD 5 and the illumination light source unit 6 can be built in, the HMD 1 can be downsized. (C) The weight of one FOP7 is 18g, and 3
Since the weight is 6 g, the weight of the entire HMD 1 can be reduced to 100 g or less, and the weight can be reduced. (D) Since the hologram film 4 of the large asymmetric optical system is used as the beam combiner, the forward projection length is reduced to about the same length as ordinary glasses. (E) Since the weight of the entire HMD1 is as light as 100 g, and the protruding length of the front is short, the balance when worn is good, so that the burden on the wearer is reduced, and the HMD is lightened.
It is not necessary to feel the wearing feeling of 1 so much. (F) Assuming that the LCD 5 has an image light emitting region in a region of about 1/4 of the display area due to wiring or the like, the number of optical fibers 70 corresponding to the image light emitting region is 1.24 million, and one pixel of the LCD 5 Each time, 6.9 optical fibers 70 transmit image display light. Than this,
A virtual image 5a in which the resolution of the LCD 5 is maintained as it is can be obtained.

FIG. 5 shows a main part on the right side of an HMD according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The HMD 1 is different from the first embodiment in that the LCD 5, the illumination light source unit 6, and the FOP 7
Only the difference is that the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The LCD 5 is of a reflective type having a smaller size and a higher density than that of the first embodiment. For example, the LCD 5 is composed of about 1.3 million pixels having a pixel pitch of about 8.3 μm × 6.3 μm and 1280 × 1024. It has a size of 8 mm x 8.5 mm.

The illumination light source unit 6 includes two-dimensionally arranged LEs.
A D array 62 and a LED array 62,
A microlens array 63 for converting the light emitted from the LED array 62 into parallel light 63a, and a microlens array 63
And a beam splitter 64 that reflects parallel light 63a from the LCD 5 at 45 degrees and irradiates the parallel light 63a to the front of the LCD 5 as illumination light 64a.

The FOP 7 bundles approximately 1.89 million optical fibers 70 having a length of about 20 mm and a taper ratio of 3: 1 with a thickness of 6 μm on the incident side and a thickness of 2 μm on the exit side. It is in close contact with the LCD 5, and the size of the incident end face 7a is 8 mm × 8.5 mm, which is the same as that of the LCD 5, and the size of the output end face 7b is about 2.7 mm × 2.9 mm. Further, the exit end face 7b is a surface that is distorted so that the wearer can observe the virtual image 5a in a plane, as in the first embodiment.

Next, the operation of the HMD 1 according to the second embodiment will be described. The light emitted from the LED array 62 of the illumination light source unit 6 becomes parallel light 63a by the microlens array 63, is reflected at 45 degrees by the beam splitter 64, and is incident on the emission end 7b of the FOP 7 as illumination light 64a. To reach. The LCD 5 emits parallel display light 5b corresponding to an image signal based on the illumination light 64a from the beam splitter 64. This display light 5b is
After being transmitted by the OP 7 and being formed as an intermediate image on the emission end face 7 b, it becomes divergent light and enters the hologram film 4 from the end face 3 b of the spectacle lens 3 through the beam splitter 64. The display light 5b incident on the hologram film 4 is introduced as diffracted light 5c into the eye E of the wearer by the diffraction effect of the hologram film 4, and the virtual image 5a is located in front of the spectacle lens 3 by the lens effect of the hologram film 4. Is displayed. External light 8a of the scene 8 passes through the protective film 40, the hologram film 4, and the negative lens 3, and is introduced into the eye E of the wearer as transmitted light 8b. Therefore, the virtual image 5a is visually recognized by the wearer's eye E simultaneously with the external world 8. At this time, the wearer has a high-resolution virtual image 5a having 1280 × 1024 pixels.
Can be observed.

The HMD 1 according to the second embodiment described above
According to the embodiment, the wearer can observe a virtual image having a higher resolution as compared with the first embodiment. Further, by using the LCD 5 which is smaller than that of the first embodiment, further downsizing can be achieved.

FIG. 6 shows an HMD according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the HMD 1 according to the first embodiment is provided with a dimming function for controlling the transmittance of external light. The spectacle lens 3 according to the third embodiment has a hologram film 4, a light control layer 41, and a protective film 40 formed in this order on a first surface 3a. Light control layer 41, a buffer layer 41a formed of S _i O ₂ deposited on the holographic film 4, the buffer layer 4
First transparent glass electrode (ITO) 4 deposited on 1a
1b, an electrochromic element (EC layer) 41c composed of five layers coated on a first transparent glass electrode (ITO) 41b, and WO ₃ , Ta ₂ O ₅ , IrO _{X (} not shown) on the EC layer 41c. It is composed of a second transparent glass electrode (ITO) 41d formed via an NO layer.

Between these two ITOs 41b and 41d,
When the voltage controlled by the control unit 42 is applied, the transmittance is controlled. The control unit 42 has an external light sensor 43a and a manual key 43b, divides the DC voltage _VDC based on any of the signals, and outputs the divided voltage to the ITO 41b.
And 41d. With this control, the transmittance becomes 10
% Can be adjusted in the range of 80%. As a result, external light can be removed or dimming can be performed, and use in see-through mode can be selected, or only image display can be selected.

FIG. 7 shows an HMD according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The HMD 1 is a goggle-type HMD, and includes a goggle 21 mounted on a head by a headband 20 and a single transparent or translucent substrate 30 fitted into the goggle 21, and an outer surface of the substrate 30. A pair of left and right hologram films 4 are formed on the (surface on which display light from the LCD is incident) similarly to the first embodiment, and the goggles 2 are provided with an LCD and an illumination light source, as in the first embodiment. The left and right parts and the FOP are provided as a pair. According to the fourth embodiment, when the present HMD 1 is applied to an HMD for an aircraft, the outside world and flight information can be viewed simultaneously, and when the HMD 1 is applied to an HMD for an automobile, the outside world and traffic information can be viewed. Can be visually recognized at the same time, so that excellent instant readability can be exhibited during flight or traveling.

FIG. 8 shows an HMD according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The HMD is a helmet-type HMD, which includes a helmet 22 and a single transparent or translucent substrate 31 which is attached to the helmet 22 by a screw 23 so as to be opened and closed. A pair of left and right hologram films 4 is formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and a pair of left and right LCDs, illumination light sources, and FOPs are provided inside the helmet 22 as in the first embodiment. According to the fifth embodiment, effects similar to those of the fourth embodiment can be obtained.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment, the see-through type has been described, but a closed type may be used. In this case, a light-shielding sheet may be attached to the outer surface of the substrate so that external light does not enter the eyes of the wearer, or the entire substrate may be covered with another member such as a helmet or goggles. Further, the pair of left and right image display means may be configured to allow the wearer to visually recognize a three-dimensional virtual image. For example, by displaying images taken by the left and right television cameras on the left and right image display means, the wearer can see a three-dimensional virtual image. Further, in the above embodiment, the hologram film is formed on the outer surface of the substrate, but may be formed on the inner surface of the substrate.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the exit end face of the optical fiber bundle serves as an intermediate image forming surface, there is no need to form an intermediate image forming surface using a lens system.・ Lightening can be achieved. Further, since the image display light from the image display means is emitted in an oblique direction with respect to the visual axis by the optical fiber bundle, the protruding length in the forward direction is shortened, and the balance when mounted is improved. As a result,
It is possible to provide a head-mounted display that reduces the burden on the wearer and does not give much feeling of wearing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1A and 1B show an HMD according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view thereof.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating details of an FOP according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating details of an optical system according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a hologram film manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of an HMD according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a main part configuration diagram of an HMD according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of an HMD according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of an HMD according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a see-through type conventional HMD.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a conventional HMD of a closed type.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Head mounted display (HMD) 2 Glasses frame 2a Pat 2b Housing part 3 Glasses lens 3a First surface 3b End surface 3c Second surface 4 Hologram film 4a First optical axis 4b Second optical axis 4c Photopolymer 5 Liquid crystal display (LCD) 5a virtual image 5b display light 5c diffracted light 6 illumination light source section 6a backlight light 7 fiber optics plate (FOP) 7a incident end face 7b emission end face 8 sight 8a external light 8b transmitted light 10 hologram film forming apparatus 11 He-Ne laser 12A, 12B, 12C First, second and third mirrors 13 Half mirrors 13a, 13b Beams 14A, 14B First and second magnifying lenses 15 Collimator lenses 20 Headbands 21 Goggles 22 Helmets 23 Screws 30, 31 Substrate 40 Security Protective film 41 Light control layer 41a Buffer layer 41b First transparent glass electrode (ITO) 41c Electrochromic element (EC layer) 41d Second transparent glass electrode (ITO) 42 Controller 43a, 43b External light sensor 60 Light source 61 Reflection / diffraction Optical element 62 LED array 63 Micro lens array 63a Parallel light 64 Beam splitter 64a Illumination light 70 Optical fiber E Eye

Claims (22)

[Claims] 1. An image display means for emitting image display light, an optical fiber bundle for emitting the image display light from the image display means from an emission end face in an oblique direction with respect to a visual axis of a wearer, In front of the eye, which is arranged on the visual axis, diffracts or reflects the image display light from the emission end face of the optical fiber bundle and guides the image display light to the wearer's eye, and allows the wearer to visually recognize a virtual image based on the image display light. A head mounted display comprising optical means. 2. The head mounted display according to claim 1, wherein said exit end face of said optical fiber bundle has a predetermined shape for correcting aberration of said virtual image. 3. The head mounted display according to claim 1, wherein said anterior optics means guides external light to the eyes of said wearer. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said anterior optics means includes a substrate made of transparent or translucent glass, plastic, or the like, and a hologram film formed on a main surface of said substrate.
A head mounted display as described. 5. The head mounted display according to claim 4, wherein said optical fiber bundle emits said image display light from said image display means from said emission end surface to an end surface of said substrate. 6. The head mounted display according to claim 1, wherein said optical fiber bundle has a structure in which an incident end face is in close contact with a display screen of said image display means. 7. The head mounted display according to claim 1, wherein said optical fiber bundle reduces and emits said image display light from said image display means. 8. The head mounted display according to claim 1, wherein said optical fiber bundle has a configuration in which the number of optical fibers constituting said optical fiber bundle is larger than the number of pixels of said image display means. 9. The head according to claim 1, wherein said image display means comprises a transmission type or reflection type liquid crystal display, an EL display, a plasma display, or a display using a micro movable mirror manufactured by micro machine technology. Mounted display. 10. A transmission type liquid crystal display, comprising: a light source for irradiating illumination light; and a reflection type hologram optical element or diffraction type optics for reflecting or diffracting the illumination light to irradiate parallel light on the back surface of the liquid crystal display. The head-mounted display according to claim 9, comprising a device. 11. The reflection type liquid crystal display comprises: a light source for irradiating illumination light; a microlens array arranged on a front surface of the light source for converting the illumination light into parallel light; 10. The head mounted display according to claim 9, further comprising a beam splitter for irradiating light to the front of the liquid crystal display. 12. The head mounted display according to claim 4, wherein said substrate has a refractive index of at least 0.8 times the refractive index of said hologram film. 13. The hologram film has a first optical axis coinciding with the visual axis and 58 ° to 88 ° with respect to the first optical axis.
5. The head mounted display according to claim 4, wherein the head mounted display has a second optical axis having an angle of .degree .. 14. The head mounted display according to claim 4, wherein said hologram film has a thickness of 5 μm or more. 15. The image input from the image display means based on a ratio of a refractive index of the hologram film to a refractive index of the substrate and a modulation of a refractive index of the hologram film. 5. The thickness is determined so as to have a diffraction effect of 55% or more with respect to display light.
A head mounted display as described. 16. The hologram film includes a photopolymer,
Selected from photoresist, photochromic, photodichromic, silver salt emulsion, dichromated gelatin, dichromated gelatin, plastic, ferroelectric, magneto-optical material, electro-optical material, amorphous semiconductor, photorefractive material 5. A structure formed of a material.
A head mounted display as described. 17. The head mounted display according to claim 4, wherein said hologram film is covered by a protective film. 18. The head mounted display according to claim 1, wherein said image display means, said optical fiber bundle, and said anterior optics means are mounted on a spectacle frame. 19. The head mounted display according to claim 1, wherein said image display means, said optical fiber bundle, and said anterior optics means are mounted on goggles or a helmet. 20. The image display means has a pair of right and left,
2. The head mounted display according to claim 1, wherein the image display light for emitting the image display light for causing the wearer to visually recognize the three-dimensional virtual image is provided. 21. A head mounted display according to claim 3, wherein said anterior optics means includes a light control means for blocking or transmitting external light. 22. A head mounted display according to claim 21, wherein said dimming means is an electrochromic element.