JPH103526A - IC card - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide an IC card into which an application program described in a predetermined language can be introduced irrespective of a CPU used. A CPU (18) and a read-only memory (1) for storing a general-purpose program executable by the CPU.
2) and an IC card comprising a rewritable nonvolatile memory (16) for storing an application program executable by the CPU as necessary, wherein the read-only memory is a program described in a predetermined language. Has a language conversion program for converting a program written in a language executable by the CPU, the CPU converts an externally applied application program using the language conversion program, To be stored.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an IC card capable of storing an application program in a nonvolatile memory.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, an IC card has attracted attention as a new information storage medium replacing a magnetic card. Especially,
Since an IC card with a built-in CPU can realize high security, it is expected to be used in various fields of the advanced information society.

In general, IC cards are ROM, RAM, E
It has three types of memories of the EPROM and a CPU for accessing these memories. The EEPROM is a rewritable nonvolatile memory in which data such as personal information of an IC card user is stored. The RAM is a volatile memory used as a work area when the CPU executes a program. The ROM is a read-only memory and stores a program to be executed by the CPU.

The programs stored in the ROM differ depending on the use of the IC card. Therefore, as the uses of IC cards become more diverse, more types of ROMs will be prepared. However, ROM generally requires a great deal of expense for its development. For this reason, if ROMs are produced in various types and in small quantities in accordance with the diversification of uses of IC cards, the unit price of ROMs increases and the manufacturing cost of IC cards increases.

[0005] To solve the above problem, programs conventionally stored in ROM are roughly classified into two types, one of which is stored in ROM,
An IC card that stores the other in an EEPROM has been proposed. Here, one of the two types of programs is a program that can be used for general purposes regardless of the use of the IC card (hereinafter, referred to as a “general purpose program”). The other is I
This is a program (hereinafter, referred to as an “application program”) that performs processing specific to various uses of the C card.

In the above-mentioned IC card, the same ROM is used for the IC card for all uses.
An inexpensive IC card using an inexpensive ROM is produced.
On the other hand, since an application program corresponding to each application is written in the EEPROM of the IC card, it is possible to provide an IC card that performs fine-grained processing according to the application.

[0007]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional IC card, all kinds of IC cards are required.
It is not a division that uses the same type of CPU.
Different types of CPUs are used for different card manufacturers. On the other hand, the CPU can interpret and execute different program languages for each type. Therefore, the program to be stored in the IC card must be created in a programming language corresponding to the CPU being used.
For this reason, in the conventional IC card, even if the application program has the same contents, it must be separately manufactured for each type of IC card using a programming language suitable for each CPU. However, there is a problem that it is very complicated.

[0008] Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to enable an application program written in a predetermined language to be introduced irrespective of the CPU used.
To provide a C card.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 comprises a CPU (18) and the CPU (18).
An IC card comprising: a read-only memory (12) storing a general-purpose program executable by a PU; and a rewritable nonvolatile memory (16) storing an application program executable by the CPU as necessary. The read-only memory has a conversion program that converts a program written in a predetermined language into a program written in a language executable by the CPU, and the CPU executes an externally supplied application program. The data is converted using a conversion program and stored in the nonvolatile memory.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a CPU (18)
A read-only memory (12) for storing a general-purpose program executable by the CPU; and a rewritable nonvolatile memory (16) for storing an application program to be executed by the CPU as necessary. In the IC card, the read-only memory has a conversion program for converting a program written in a predetermined language into a program written in a language executable by the CPU, and the CPU is stored in the nonvolatile memory. And converting and executing the application program using the conversion program.

[0011]

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an IC card according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, an IC card 10 includes a ROM 12 that is a read-only memory and a RAM that is a volatile memory.
14. Non-volatile memory EEPROM that can be rewritten at any time
16 and a CPU 18 for accessing these memories.

The IC card 10 has a plurality of contacts (Vcc to GND) for exchanging electric signals and the like with a reader / writer (not shown). When the IC card is inserted into the reader / writer, the contacts of the reader / writer
It is connected to the contacts of the C card, and exchanges electrical signals. Different electrical signals are assigned to the respective contacts. For example, Vcc is a contact for receiving supply of a power supply voltage required for operating the IC, and I / O
Is a contact (serial port) for the CPU to communicate with the reader / writer.

The CPU 18 is connected to a reader / writer via the contact.
A command is given from the writer, and RO is issued according to the command.
M12 or the program stored in the EEPROM 16 is executed, and as a result, the EEPROM 16 or the like is accessed. In the present embodiment, the command to be executed by the CPU 18 is divided into the above-described general-purpose program and the application program, and the general-purpose program is stored in the ROM 12 and the application program is stored in the EEPROM 16.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a memory map of the RAM 14 and the EEPROM 16. Note that, in this specification, “H ′” added before a numerical value means that the numerical value is represented based on a hexadecimal number. In the present embodiment, H'100 to H 'are stored in the RAM 14 as absolute addresses.
12F is assigned to R00 to R2F by a logical address. The EEPROM 16 is assigned an absolute address of H'200 or later. FIG. 2 shows a case where two application programs are stored in the EEPROM 16 as an example. The first application program is stored in absolute addresses H'200 to H'27F,
Are stored in H'280 and later.

The application program stored in the EEPROM 16 is composed of six types of information. Hereinafter, the six types of information will be described in the first part of FIG.
A description will be given using the application program of FIG. The first information is "LEN", and the second information "APPLICATION ID" stored subsequently thereto is "LEN".
Indicates the length (number of bytes). The second information "APP
"LICATION ID" is an identification name of the application program. The third information “NextAP a
“dd” is information indicating the start address of the application program stored next to or to be stored next to the application program. Here, "H'280" which is the head address of the second application program is stored.

"Data add" stored after "Next AP add" is information indicating the start address of a data area to be described later, and is "H'2" here.
50 "is stored. Absolute address H'212 ~
The fifth information stored in H′24F is
One or more CPs in a programming language executable by
U instruction code (hereinafter referred to as “converted CPU instruction code”). Finally, the absolute addresses H'250 to H '
The sixth information stored in 27F is one or more data codes. As shown in the figure, logical addresses E00 to E2F are assigned to the area where the data code is stored, separately from the absolute address. As described later, in the application program of the present embodiment, a specific data code is specified using the logical address.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an application program described in the pseudo program code (program language) of the present embodiment. Here, as an example, the contents of the first application program in FIG. 2 are shown. In the present embodiment, the used C
Regardless of the type of PU18, for all IC cards,
Create an application program using common pseudo-program code. The resulting application program (hereinafter referred to as "pseudo program")
Is stored in the EEPROM 16 and converted into a program language executable by the CPU 18 using a general-purpose program provided in the ROM 12. In this regard, FIG.
Will be described in detail in the description.

The pseudo program is, as shown in FIG.
PPLICATION ID, DEFINE SECT
ION, CODE SECTION, and DATA
It is composed of four sections of SECTION. APPLICATION ID is a section in which the identification name of the program is described. In FIG. 3, “Application01” is used as the identification name. DEFINE SECTION is a section in which variable names used in the program are defined. DEFIN
In line (2) of E SECTION, the variable A
4 indicates that the data is H'2 byte data starting from the logical address R00. Similarly, in line (3), the variable X is H ′ starting from the logical address R10 of the RAM 14.
It indicates that the data is 10 bytes. Also,
In line (4) and line (5), the variable Y is the EEPROM1
6 indicates that the data is H'10-byte data starting from the logical address E00, and that the variable Z is H'10-byte data starting from the logical address E20 of the EEPROM 16.

The CODE SECTION is the CPU 18
Part of the program to be executed by Line (6) of this section is from logical address E00 to H ′
10-byte data is read, and this is read as the logical address R
This means that data should be written to the H'10-byte area starting from 00. (7) The line is the logical address R00
This means that H'10-byte data starting from the logical address E20 should be read and written to the H'10-byte area starting from the logical address E20. Line (8) means that a fixed value 9000 should be set in the H'2 byte area starting from the logical address R00. Also,
The line (9) means that H'2 byte data starting from the logical address R00 should be delivered to the general-purpose program in the ROM 12 as response data. Finally, the DATA SECTION is a section in which data of the application program is described.

FIG. 4 shows a Store Application command and a Se which are commands unique to this embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a format of a select Application command. Store Applicati
The on command is a command for storing the pseudo program in the EEPROM 16. Store Appl
The first byte of the iication command is a type code for identifying the command (hereinafter referred to as “INS”).
It is. In the present embodiment, Store Applica
For example, “01” is assigned as the type code of the “tion” command. From the second byte onwards, EEPROM1
6 is a pseudo program to be stored.

The Select Application command is a command for selecting a specific application program stored in the EEPROM 16. The Select command is composed of three types of information. The first byte is Store Appl
This is INS as in the case of the ication command. In the present embodiment, for example, “02” is assigned as the INS of the Select Application command.
The second and subsequent bytes of the Select Application command include the LEN of the application program to be executed and the Application ID.
Are arranged in order.

FIGS. 5 to 7 are flowcharts of general-purpose programs stored in the ROM 12. Hereinafter, the operation of the IC card 10 will be described with reference to these drawings. When the IC card 10 is connected to the reader / writer and the IC card is reset (activated) by the reader / writer, the CPU 18 first outputs initial response information (ATR) as a response (S502). Next, CPU
18 is in a state of waiting for a command from the reader / writer (S504, S506).

When a command is received from the reader / writer (S506: Yes), the CPU 18 checks the value of INS which is the first byte of the command (S50).
6, S510). As a result, INS becomes “01” or “0”.
If not, the process proceeds to S512, in which the Select Application command is already processed, and it is determined whether or not a predetermined application program has been selected. Specifically, the RAM 14
Select Application in a predetermined area
It is determined whether the address of the application program specified by processing the command exists.

If it is determined in S512 that the application program has been selected, the application program is executed (S516). On the other hand, if it is determined in S512 that the application program has not been selected, the command error status is edited in a predetermined area of the RAM 14 as response information (S514). When the processing of S514 or 516 is completed, the response information edited in the predetermined area of the RAM 14 is transmitted to the reader / writer (S5).
18). After the response information is transmitted, S5 is performed again.
04, and the processing up to S518 is repeated.

On the other hand, in S508, INS is "01".
If the command is Store Appli
It is determined that the received command is an operation command from S602 to S516 in FIG. 6 instead of the processing from S510 to S516.
The processing up to 616 is executed. Hereinafter, from S602 to S
The processing up to 616 will be described as an example in which the pseudo program shown in FIG. 3 is stored in the EEPROM 16 in which no program or data is stored yet.

First, in S602, Store App
The length of data existing from “APPLICATION ID:” to the subsequent appearance of “;” in the pseudo program sent by the “location” command is obtained, and the result is stored in H′20 of the EEPROM 16.
It is written to address 0 (S602). Next, "APPL
The data from "ICATION ID:" to the appearance of ";", that is, the application program identification name "APPLICATION01" is written to the addresses H'201 to H'20D.

Next, "DEFINE SECTION"
The contents of the pseudo program defined after "N:" and "CODE SECTION:" are converted into CPU instruction codes (program languages) that can be executed by the CPU 18 (S606). When the conversion of the pseudo program in S606 ends normally and the converted CPU instruction code is obtained, the instruction code is written into the EEPROM 16 (S608). Write address is APPL
This is from the address advanced by 4 bytes from the last address of the ICAT ID. This is followed by S6
10. Next AP add and D in S614
This is a process for securing an area for writing the data add in advance.

When the process of writing the converted CPU instruction code in S608 is completed, at this stage, "D"
Since the start address of the area where “ATA SECTION:” is to be written is clear, the address (H′25
0) is written to DATA add (H'210 to H'211) (S610). Also, "DATA SEC
TION: ”is H'250.
Thereafter, it is written (S612).

Next, the next address of the area in which the data of "DATA SECTION:" has been written is the next AP (H'20E ...
H′20F) (S614). Finally, the normal end status is set to a predetermined address of the RAM 14 (S616), and the Store Application is set.
A series of processing of the n command ends.

On the other hand, if the INS is “02” in S510 of FIG. 5, the command is “Select”.
It is determined that the command is an Application command.
Instead of the processing from 510 to S516, S7 in FIG.
The processing from 02 to S720 is executed.

In S702, it is confirmed whether at least one application program is stored in the EEPROM 16. As a result, the EEPROM 16
If the application program is not stored at all in step S720, the flow advances to step S720 to set an error status indicating that the corresponding application program does not exist in R.
Set to a predetermined address of AM14 and select A
The processing of the application command ends.

On the other hand, in S702, the EEPROM 16
When it is confirmed that the application program is stored in the command, APPLICATION in the command is output.
The ID and the APLICATION ID starting from the absolute address H'200 of the EEPROM 16 are compared (S704). As a result of the comparison, both APPLICATI
If the ON IDs match, the start address of the area where the converted CPU instruction code in the application program is stored is obtained, and this is stored in the RAM.
14 is stored at a predetermined address (S716). Next, the normal end status is stored at a predetermined address in the RAM 14, and the processing of the Select Application command ends.

On the other hand, in S706, APPLICAT
If the ION IDs do not match, Next A
By reading the contents of Padd, the start address of the area where the next application program is stored is obtained (S708). Next, it is confirmed whether or not the application program is stored at the address obtained in S708. If the result is that no application program is stored, the process proceeds to S7.
20 processing is executed and Select Applica
The processing of the Tion command is terminated.

On the other hand, if the next application program is confirmed in S710, the process proceeds to S71.
2. Go to Applic indicated by Next AP add
Application ID and Application in command
n IDs are compared. As a result of the comparison, both Appli
If the session IDs do not match, S70
The processes after 8 are executed again. On the other hand, Applica
If the tied IDs match, then S716,
The process of S718 is executed, and the Select Appli
The processing of the Cation command is terminated.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the application program is created using the pseudo program code. The created pseudo program is converted into a CPU instruction code executable by the CPU 18 using a general-purpose program included in the ROM 12 in the IC card 10, and after being converted, is stored in a predetermined area of the EEPROM 16. That is, the ROM 12 stores the program described by the pseudo program code in the CPU 18.
Is provided with a program for converting into a program described in an executable language. Therefore, the application program described by the pseudo program code can be installed in all IC cards regardless of the type of CPU used.
In other words, in this embodiment, the pseudo program code functions as a program language that can be commonly used between IC cards having different CPUs.
As a result, in the present embodiment, it is possible to introduce the same application program to two or more different types of IC cards without preparing a plurality of application programs described in different programming languages. I have.

(Other Embodiments) The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above embodiment is an exemplification, and has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the scope of the claims of the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

For example, the process of converting an application program into a CPU instruction code executable by the CPU 18 does not necessarily involve converting the program into the EEPROM 16
It does not need to be before storing in. For example, the pseudo program may be directly stored in the EEPROM 16, and at the time of execution, the pseudo program may be converted into an executable CPU instruction code and executed.

In this specification, the term “IC card” is used.
Means a portable information recording medium including a CPU and a memory accessed by the CPU, the CPU operating according to a program stored in the memory. Therefore, the "IC card" is not limited to, for example, a so-called card shape having a planar and square shape, but may be a medium having a coin shape or the like and having a CPU and a memory.

[0039]

As described above, according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, a program described in a predetermined language in a read-only memory is converted into a program described in a language executable by a CPU. Since a conversion program for conversion is provided, application programs written in one language can be introduced into two or more types of IC cards having different CPUs.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an IC card according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a memory map of a RAM 14 and an EEPROM 16;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an application program described by a pseudo program code.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a format of a Store Application command and a Select Application command.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a general-purpose program stored in a ROM 12;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing processing contents of a Store Application command among general-purpose programs stored in a ROM 12;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing processing contents of a Select Application command among general-purpose programs stored in a ROM 12;

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 IC card 12 ROM 14 RAM 16 EEPROM 18 CPU

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A CPU, a read-only memory storing a general-purpose program executable by the CPU, and a rewritable nonvolatile memory storing an application program executable by the CPU as necessary. In the IC card, the read-only memory has a conversion program that converts a program described in a predetermined language into a program described in a language executable by the CPU.
An IC card which converts a program using the conversion program and stores the converted program in the nonvolatile memory. 2. A CPU, a read-only memory storing a general-purpose program executable by the CPU, and a rewritable nonvolatile memory storing an application program to be executed by the CPU as necessary. In the IC card, the read-only memory has a conversion program for converting a program described in a predetermined language into a program described in a language executable by the CPU, wherein the CPU is stored in the nonvolatile memory. Wherein the application program is converted and executed using the conversion program.