JPH104767A - Threshing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable threshing at a front portion of a handling cylinder (6) while preventing the generation of straw waste, and at a rear portion of a handling cylinder (6) to enable threshing while preventing untreated material. A plurality of teeth (4) are provided on an outer peripheral surface of a handling cylinder (6).
3) In a threshing device in which the planting is implanted and arranged in a helical manner, the handle cylinder (6) formed by the spiral arrangement is arranged to be larger than the lead angle (S) of the front teeth (43). The lead angle (R) of the toothing (43) is formed to be large.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a threshing apparatus for sorting grains, which have been threshed by a handling cylinder, in a handling room of a combine, for example, with a swinging sorting machine below the grain.

[0002]

Conventionally, in order to improve the processing capacity by increasing the threshing amount per unit time, it is necessary to increase the feed speed of the cereal stem by the feed chain. When it is necessary to increase the front and rear length of the handling cylinder to prevent unhandled material, and to increase the grain stalk feed speed with a structure that keeps the length of the handling cylinder approximately constant,
By increasing the rotation speed of the handling cylinder, you can prevent unhandled items,
There is a problem that the cutting amount of the culm increases, the sorting loss increases, and the grain collection rate decreases. For example, when the harvesting culm supply amount is large, such as a large combine such as 6-row cutting, by reducing the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder, the threshing performance is reduced, and by increasing the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder, the amount of straw waste is increased. This causes a problem of lowering the sorting performance. Therefore, it was possible to improve the shedding performance while preventing the generation of straw chips by dividing the handling cylinder into front and rear parts and changing the peripheral speed between the first half and the second half, but the handling cylinder structure became complicated, Problems such as a reduction in weight and a reduction in manufacturing cost cannot be easily attained.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a threshing apparatus in which a plurality of teeth are implanted on the outer peripheral surface of a handling cylinder and arranged in a spiral shape. The lead angle of the teeth at the rear of the cylinder is larger than the lead angle of the teeth. At the rear of the handle cylinder with a large lead angle, it is possible to shed grains while preventing unhandled material, to prevent untreated material without increasing the amount of culm cut due to tooth handling, lengthen the front and rear length of the handle cylinder and increase the peripheral speed Without increasing the threshing amount per unit time, the processing capacity can be improved.

[0004]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory front view of the improved tooth treatment, FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the combine, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same, wherein (1) is a track frame on which a traveling crawler (2) is mounted, and (3) And (4) is a threshing unit which is a threshing machine which stretches a feed chain (5) on the left side and has a built-in handling cylinder (6) and a processing cylinder (7). , (8) is a cutting unit including a cutting blade (9) and a grain culm transport mechanism (10), etc., (11) is a hydraulic cylinder that moves the cutting unit (8) up and down through a cutting frame (12), (1)
3) a straw processing unit that faces the end of the straw chain (14);
(15) is a grain tank for carrying the grains from the threshing unit (4) via a fryer (16), and (17) is a grain tank (1).
5) A discharge auger for carrying out grains outside the machine, (18) an operation cabin having an operation handle (19) and an operator's seat (20), and (21) an engine provided below the operation cabin (18). It is configured so that the culm is continuously cut and threshed.

As shown in FIG. 4, reference numeral (22) in the figure denotes a handling room in which an axial-flow-type handling drum (6) is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the body, and (23) denotes a handling room (22). ) Is a handle for inserting cereal stems, (24) is a crimp net stretched under the handling chamber (22), and (25) is rocking in the front-rear direction with the front end facing the crimp net (24) below. A swinging sorting machine freely supported, (26) and (27) are front and rear feed pans of a sorting machine (25) arranged in two stages above and below the crimping net (24), and (28) is a front feed pan ( 26) A sorting screen line provided on the rear end side so as to be swingable up and down, (29) is a chaff sheave continuously provided behind the rear end of the rear feed pan (27) and (30).
Is a Glen Sheave disposed below the chaff sheave (29),
(31) is a dust fan which is a pre-fan which feeds a sorting wind between upper and lower feed pans (26) and (27).
2) Karamin, which is the main blower for supplying the sorting wind between the chaff sheave (29) and the Glen Sheave (30) and below the Glen Sheave (30), (33) communicates with the graining cylinder (16) and the grain tank (15) No. 1 conveyor for taking out grains, (34) Reduction of No. 2 via No. 2 reduction conveyor (35), which is a No. 2 reduction device, above the sieving line (28) of the sorter (25) No. 2 conveyor, (36) is an oscillating drive shaft for moving the sorter (25) back and forth and up and down,
(37) is a suction / discharge fan disposed above the rear end of the sorting board (25), and (38) is a fourth gutter for shutting off the fan (37) and guiding the discharge of the straw. The grains that have been threshed by the handling cylinder (6) and the processing cylinder (7) are rocked and sorted (2).
In step 5), only the sized product is taken out to the grain tank (15), the waste is discharged from the third end (39) at the rear end of the sorting machine (25), and the waste is discharged into a straw chain. (14)
To the straw processing unit (13) through the straw cutter (1).
It is configured to be cut by 3a) and discharged outside the machine. In addition, through the dust outlet (40) at the rear of the handling chamber (22), the rear of the handling cylinder (6) is fed to the processing cylinder (7), and the debris of the handling cylinder (6) is processed. Reprocessed by (7) and dropped on the oscillating sorter (25), the grain from the processing cylinder (7) is collected on the second conveyor (34), and the straw waste is removed by the fan (37) or It is configured to be discharged from the gate (39) outside the machine.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, a substantially right-angled triangular plate-shaped toothed body (41) and a substantially leg-shaped substantially isosceles-triangular plate-shaped body (42) are made of synthetic resin. Teeth (4
In preparation for 3), the tooth handling main body (41) is erected on substantially the bisector of the leg (42), and the tooth handling main body (41) and the leg (42) are provided.
Are integrally formed by a synthetic resin molding process into an inverted T-shape in a front view to form a tooth handling (43). In addition, the bottom surface of the leg body (42), which is the bottom side of the tooth manipulation main body (41), is formed in a concave arc shape almost entirely in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the manipulation body (6).
The rear side (44) stands substantially perpendicularly to the bottom side of the tooth management body (41), and the upper side (45) of the tooth management body (41) bulges in a convex arc shape.

Further, a rib (46) having an arcuate end face is projected from the outer periphery of the handling cylinder (6), and the rib (46) is extended in a spiral shape having the same pitch as the arrangement spiral pitch of the handling teeth (43). Let it. The ribs (46) are formed integrally when the iron plate handling cylinder (6) is subjected to sheet metal working. Further, the tooth handling main body (41)
An engagement groove (47) having an arcuate end face is formed on the bottom surface on the bisector of the leg (42) corresponding to the bottom of the handle (6). 47) is fitted to lock the toothing (43), and the head (50) of the bolt (49) is fitted into the slot-shaped notch (48) of the leg (42). 42) A bolt (49) is inserted from the upper surface into the inner surface of the handle cylinder (6), and the bolt (49) is prevented from rotating by fitting a similar notch (48) and the head (50). A nut (51) is screwed onto the handle (49), and the handle (43) is detachably fastened and fixed to the handle (6). The front and rear notches (48) and (48) are formed symmetrically on the leg (42), and the teeth (4) are straddled over the rib (46).
3) is locked, and the teeth (42) on both sides of the tooth management body (41) are locked.
Is fixed by four bolts (49) ...
The toothing body (41) is formed by inclining the toothing body (41) in the front-to-back and rear-to-height directions with respect to the rotation direction, and bending and bending the toothing body (41) outwardly to form an arc. The feed chain (5) is configured such that the angle at which the tooth handling main body (41) enters the grain stem carried into the handling chamber (22) from the opening (23) by the feed chain (5) becomes gentle.

As is apparent from the above description, in the threshing apparatus provided with the handling cylinder (6), the toothing main body (41) of the toothing (43) fixed to the handling cylinder (6) is moved forward and backward with respect to the rotation direction. And the angle of the tooth handling main body (41) that enters the grain culm is formed smaller than before, the amount of culm cut by the tooth handling (43) is reduced, and the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder (6) is made higher than before. As well as to improve the shedding performance and reduce the loss of grain sorting. For example, generally, the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder (6) is set to 1 per second.
Although a speed of 5 meters is considered to be desirable, when the grain stalk layer conveyed by the feed chain (5) is thin as in the case of 2 to 4 cuts, it is necessary to reduce the amount of dust and to perform good shedding. However, in the case of a large-sized combine having a cutting section (8) for cutting six rows as shown in FIG. 3, the grain stalk layer transported by the feed chain (5) becomes thicker.
If the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder (6) is 15 meters per second, there is a problem that the grain-dropping performance is reduced. Therefore, it has been found that by increasing the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder (6) and increasing the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder (6) to 17 meters per second, it is possible to perform good shedding. However, the ratio of the sorted dust amount to the total weight of the straw taken out from the threshing unit (6), that is, the dust ratio (the ratio of the straw waste discharged outside from the third exit (39)) is In the conventional toothing, there was a problem that the amount of dust increased substantially in proportion to the peripheral speed. However, by providing the toothing (43) in the handling cylinder (6) instead of the conventional toothing, the handling cylinder (6) was improved. The configuration is such that even if the peripheral speed of (1) is increased, the dust discharge rate can be reduced.

A third mouth (39) a ratio of the weight of the discharged grains to the weight of the grains collected in the grain tank (15);
That is, the third opening (39) has a loss in the conventional toothing, and the handling cylinder (6)
Although the peripheral speed was the same at both 15 meters and 17 meters per second, similar to the above, by providing the toothing (43) instead of the conventional toothing, the third port (39) loss was lower than before. Can also be reduced.
By providing 3) in the handling cylinder (6), even if the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder (6) is increased to improve the threshing performance, the cutting amount of the culm by the handling teeth (43) is reduced as compared with the conventional method, and the shaking is reduced. Dynamic sorting board (25)
The amount of straw waste falling on the third port (39) can be reduced, the sorting efficiency can be improved, and the loss at the third opening (39) can be reduced.

As is apparent from the above description, in a threshing apparatus in which toothing (43) is implanted on the outer periphery of the handling cylinder (6), a rib (46) as a projection is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the handling cylinder (6). The synthetic resin handle teeth (43) are locked to the ribs (46) and fastened and fixed to the handle cylinder (6), and the strength of the handle cylinder (6) can be improved by forming the ribs (46). 46), the load on the fastening portion of the toothing (43) can be reduced and damage can be easily prevented, and the conventional problem of forming the toothing (43) by synthetic resin molding can be eliminated to improve the shedding function and In addition to reducing the manufacturing cost, for example, the handling angle of the streamlined plate (4
3) can be formed, and even if the peripheral speed of the handling cylinder (6) is made faster than before to improve the shedding ability, the amount of culm cut by the handling teeth (43) can be reduced as compared with the related art, and the improvement of shedding performance can be achieved. The configuration is such that the sorting loss can be reduced while increasing the amount of hulls treated by threshing per unit time.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the front and rear length (L1) of the generally used V-shaped conventional toothing (52) is larger than the distance (L1) between both legs and the conventional toothing. The small tooth (43a) whose height (H1) is lower than the height (H) of (52), and the front-rear length (L) of the small tooth (43a)
1) and a medium-sized tooth (43b) having a front-rear length (L2) and a height (H2) larger than the height (H1);
3b) and the front-rear length (L2) are substantially equal and the conventional toothing (5
2) and three types of large toothed teeth (43) having substantially the same height (H) as the toothed teeth (43).
6) Small and medium-sized toothed teeth (43a) and (43b) are arranged at a position where the diameter is constant from the small diameter portion (6a) on the front side of the handling cylinder (6). )), A large tooth (43c) is arranged at a constant diameter portion (6b).

[0012] The handle teeth (43) on the front side of the handle cylinder (6) excluding the cutting blade (53) installation location are inclined in the helical direction to form a lead angle (suction angle). Further, a toothing group (43) for correcting the number of times of threshing is provided at the rear end of the handling cylinder (6) in a direction forming a reverse lead angle opposite to the lead angle of the handling teeth (43) at the front part of the handling cylinder (6).
d) Install. The tooth group (43d) includes three large tooth groups (43c)... Arranged in parallel with a step in the rotation direction. Then, a discontinuous auger having a suction action is formed by the toothing (43) at the front of the handling cylinder (6), and the agglomerated material or culm is introduced into the handling mouth (23), and the handling cylinder (6) An inverted lead angle toothing group (43d) having an action of returning to the front at the rear end enhances the threshing force at the rear end of the handling cylinder (6) and the force for scattering the agglomerated material to the dust outlet (40), thereby improving handling. It is configured such that it is possible to prevent residue and improve the efficiency of sending dust to the processing cylinder (7).

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in a threshing device in which a plurality of teeth 43 are implanted on the outer peripheral surface of the handling cylinder 6 and arranged in a spiral of four lines, the threshing device is formed by a spiral arrangement. The lead angle (R) of the handling teeth (43) at the rear of the handling cylinder (6) is made larger than the lead angle (S) of the handling teeth (43) at the front of the handling cylinder (6). Pitch (X,
Y, Z) are formed so that the rear part thereof becomes gradually smaller (X>Y> Z) than the front part of the handling cylinder (6), and the lead angle (S) of the handling teeth (43) is small and the pitch (X) Large torso (6)
It is possible to thresh while preventing the generation of straw debris at the front part, and to make threshing possible while preventing unhandled material at the rear part of the handling cylinder (6) having a large lead angle (R) and a small pitch (Z) of the teeth (43), Teeth handling (43)
The amount of threshing can be increased without increasing the length of the handlebar (6) before and after and without increasing the peripheral speed. It is configured to be able to.

[0014] Further, as shown in FIG.
2) A streamline projection (54) is provided on the upper surface, and the projection (5)
4), the notch (48) is formed, and the notch (48) is formed deeper than in FIG.
10 and 11 to prevent dust from being caught on the head (50), and as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, streamline bulging portions (55) on both sides of the main body (41) of the toothing (43). ) (55) are integrally formed, and the bulging portion (55), which keeps a predetermined distance or more with respect to the cutting blade (53), is formed such that the swelling side of the bulging portion (55) becomes thinner. The lateral width (D2) of the main body (6) of the gripper (43) on the lower side of rotation is made larger than the lateral width (D1) of the main body of the toothing (43) on the side, and the shedding load of the toothing (43) is formed. Can be reduced, the strength of the tooth handling (43) can be improved, and the rush resistance of the tooth handling (43) against the grain culm or the degranulated material is reduced to reduce the rotational load of the handling cylinder (6) as compared with the conventional case. For example, the main body (41) of the toothing (43) is formed in a substantially triangular plate shape in a side view to form dust in the chamber (22). It is configured to allow a smooth Ri.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, a toothed tooth cover (56) made of an iron alloy having a mountain-shaped upper side is rotatably attached to a rotating upper end of the toothed tooth (43) via a fulcrum pin (57).
The cover (56) is provided around the fulcrum pin (57) at the outer periphery of the handle cylinder (6) so that the cover (56) can be raised and lowered, and the cover (56) can be raised and lowered.
When the teeth (43) are moved in and out and the cover (56) is turned down, the upper side of the cover (56) is the teeth (43).
The cover (56) comes into contact with the upper side, and the outer shape of the cover (56) becomes substantially the shape of the front and rear low heights, while the cover (56) is located outside the tooth (43) when the cover (56) is erected. ) Protrudes so that the outer shape becomes substantially the shape of a conventional toothing (52) having a mountain shape, and the shape of the toothing (43) shown in FIG.
2) The shape is switched by raising and lowering the cover (56) to control the amount of dust generated inside the handling chamber (22). An adjusting arm (59) is attached to a handling cylinder shaft (58) supporting the handling cylinder (6).
And the lower end of the cover (56) is inserted through the inside of the handle cylinder (6) to be connected to the arm (59) via a link (60). It is configured to control the amount of movement of the cover (56) through the interface.

Further, as shown in FIG.
3) At the time of forming, a cover metal (61) formed of a wear-resistant alloy is integrally fixed on the outer side of the upper side (45) of the tooth treatment body (41) to prevent the tooth treatment body (41) from being worn and damaged. It is configured so as to be prevented by the cover metal (61) and to improve the durability of the tooth handling (43).

Further, as shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, a rib (42) at the front end on the rotational upper side and both legs on the rear end side of the tooth handling body (41) are ribbed by three bolts (49). (4
6) The handling cylinder (6) is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the handling cylinder (6), and the front end on the rotation upper side of the handling tooth (43) floats from the outer surface of the handling cylinder (6) to eliminate the problem that the culm is inserted. ) Can be prevented and clogging of the culm can be prevented, and the rear side (44) and the upper side (45) of the tooth treatment main body (41) are made thicker.
By forming the center part of 1) thin, the tooth handling (4)
The synthetic resin material used for molding 3) can be made smaller than the synthetic resin material as shown in FIG. 6 which has the toothing body (41) having substantially the same thickness as the whole, and the strength of the toothing (43) is reduced. It is configured so that the weight and the molding cost can be reduced without the need.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, a crimping net (24) is stretched below the handling cylinder (6), and a concave (62) is stretched below the processing cylinder (7). Since the amount of dust generated in the handling chamber (22) due to the shedding of the teeth (43) is smaller than before, the amount of dust sent to the processing cylinder (7) is also smaller than before, and the grain is smaller than that of the crimp net (24). By attaching a concave (62) under which the particles easily leak to the lower side of the processing cylinder (7), the amount of dust falling is increased and the sorting efficiency of the chaff sheave (29) is reduced, and the front of the processing cylinder (7) is reduced. From the rear of the processing cylinder (7) to reduce the grain loss discharged to the third opening (39), and as shown in FIG. 18, the feed pans (26) and (27). A crimping net (24) is stretched under the front of the upper cylinder (6), Serial chaff sieve (29) on the lower side after the upper front threshing drum (6) is stretched a concave (63), thresher (6) the grains of the rear chaff sieve (29)
By efficiently dropping the kernel on the front upper surface via the concave (63), the efficiency of collecting the kernel from the handling room (22) is increased, and the amount of the kernel sent from the handling room (22) to the processing cylinder (7) is reduced. It is configured to be able to.

[0019]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention relates to a threshing apparatus in which a plurality of teeth 43 are implanted on the outer peripheral surface of a handling cylinder 6 and are arranged in a spiral shape. The lead angle (R) of the handle (43) at the rear of the handle (6) is larger than the lead angle (S) of the handle (43) at the front of the handle. At the front of the handle cylinder (6) where the lead angle (S) of the teeth (43) is small, it is possible to shed particles while preventing the generation of straw waste, and at the rear part of the handle cylinder (6) where the lead angle (R) of the tooth (43) is large. In this way, it is possible to shed the grains while preventing the untreated material, and to prevent the untreated material without increasing the amount of culm cut by the treated teeth (43), without increasing the front-rear length of the handling cylinder (6) or increasing the peripheral speed. The processing capacity can be improved by increasing the threshing amount per unit time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a combine.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a threshing unit.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the handling cylinder.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the tooth handling.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the same.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a tooth handling showing a modification.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 11 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of a tooth handling showing a modification.

FIG. 13 is a side view of a tooth handling showing a modification.

FIG. 14 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the previous figure.

FIG. 16 is a front sectional view of the same.

FIG. 17 is a side view of a threshing unit showing a modification.

FIG. 18 is a side view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (6) Handling cylinder (43) Teeth handling

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Atsushi Terashima, Inventor 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ryuji Ninomiya 1-32, Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka Yanmar Agricultural machinery Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A threshing device in which a plurality of teeth are implanted on the outer peripheral surface of a handling cylinder and are arranged in a spiral shape, wherein a rear angle of the handling cylinder is larger than a lead angle of the handling teeth of a front of the handling cylinder formed by the spiral arrangement. A threshing device characterized in that the lead angle of the tooth handling is made large.