JPH1097013A - Stereoscopic display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereoscopic display device by which a natural whole- circumference stereoscopic display can be observed by naked eyes and whose structure is simple. SOLUTION: On a display unit 1, the plural longitudinal columns of LEDs arranged in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of Figure are arranged along one part of a circumference expressed on the paper surface. The LEDs are faced to the center of the circumferential surface and a slit 3 along the longitudinal column is formed at the center. Thus, luminous flux emitted from the longitudinal columns of the LEDs is radiated outside from the slit 3 by the scale angle of prescribed parallax. The stereoscopic display device 6 is provided with four sets of display units 1 (R, G and B), three of which are set as one set, arranged in a circumferential state. The respective units 1 are driven to be rotated with a rotary shaft 7 as a center. Then, the display device 6 is rotated with respect to both left and right eyes R and L of an observer. Synchronously with it, a display signal is given to the respective units 1. Then, the luminous flux is made incident on both left and right eyes R and L of the observer so that a physiologically natural color stereoscopic picture is recognized in a space in front of the device by the parallax of both eyes. The stereoscopic image can be viewed from the whole circumference of the display device 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display device useful for various uses, such as amusement, medical / medical education, electronic exhibitions at museums and art galleries, electronic catalogs, and three-dimensional televisions. The stereoscopic display device of the present invention uses a multi-view display unit having a large number of display units whose parallax intervals are set to be small enough to allow a plurality of parallax images to enter the pupil of a single eye of an observer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional all-around three-dimensional display device,
For example, a multiplex hologram is known. The multiplex hologram irradiates a laser beam to an original film obtained by photographing a subject on a rotary table, collects the light in a horizontal direction by a cylindrical lens, converges it on the film, and simultaneously irradiates a reference light. This operation is performed for one rotation of the subject while shifting the film in the vertical direction in synchronization with the frame advance of the original film. The film thus obtained is formed into a cylindrical shape, and a reference light source is displayed on the center line of the cylinder to display the film.

[0003] A multi-planar three-dimensional display is also an all-around three-dimensional display device, and is proposed by Texas Instruments. This device irradiates a laser beam downward from a translucent display disk attached to the rotation axis using an XY scanner from above the disk while synchronizing with the movement of the disk in the Z direction. It has a laser device.

[0004] In addition, as a conventional full-circle type three-dimensional display device, a device for performing three-dimensional display by rotating a two-dimensional screen has been proposed as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-77180.

As a conventional flat type stereoscopic display device, a super multi-view stereoscopic display device using a focused light source array is known as a method for observing with the naked eye (without glasses). This stereoscopic display device uses a multi-view display unit having a large number of display units whose parallax intervals are set to be small enough to allow a plurality of parallax images to enter the pupil of a single eye of an observer. The multi-view display unit modulates the intensity of each light source while raster-scanning the display surface to display a multi-view parallax image.

[0006]

The multiplex hologram is a fixed display and has a problem that a real-time moving image cannot be displayed. In addition, the multi-planar three-dimensional display or the Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-77180
In the display device described in the above item, it is difficult to process hidden lines and hidden surfaces, and there is a problem that the display on the back side which is originally invisible is transparent. Furthermore, according to the super multi-view stereoscopic display device, in order to scan the display surface in a dot-sequential manner,
There is a problem that a complicated drive structure and an image forming system for oscillating light with a rotating mirror are required, and it is difficult to achieve colorization and full-circle display.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional display device having a simple structure in which a full-color natural full-scale three-dimensional display can be observed with the naked eye in real time and has few complicated driving parts.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stereoscopic display device for observing a display unit which irradiates a light beam with a predetermined parallax step angle from a plurality of display units corresponding to the number of parallaxes. It emits light while moving relatively to the person.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a display unit for irradiating a light beam with a predetermined parallax step angle from a plurality of display units corresponding to a plurality of parallax numbers connects both eyes of an observer. Light is emitted while moving in parallel with the direction.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional display device, wherein a display unit which emits a light beam at a predetermined parallax step angle from a plurality of display units corresponding to the number of parallaxes is rotated with respect to an observer. The three-dimensional display is performed by emitting light while emitting light.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional display device according to the first, second, or third aspect, further comprising a slit through which a light beam from each of the display units passes.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the three-dimensional display device according to the fourth aspect, the slit is formed as follows.
It is characterized by comprising a plurality of through holes arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the three-dimensional display device of the first, second or third aspect, a directional barrier is provided for each of the display units.

[0014] A three-dimensional display device according to a seventh aspect has a display unit. This display unit has a plurality of sets of display units arranged in a line in a predetermined direction, the number of sets corresponding to a plurality of parallax numbers. The sets are parallel to each other so as to form a continuous surface. Are located in
In a plane orthogonal to the predetermined direction, each light flux from each display unit is emitted with a predetermined parallax interval.
The display unit emits light while relatively moving with respect to the observer in a plane orthogonal to the predetermined direction, and performs three-dimensional display.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the three-dimensional display apparatus according to the seventh aspect, the continuous surface is a circumferential surface, and the display unit emits red light in a display unit. A first display unit, a second display unit in which the emission color of the display unit is green, and a third display unit in which the emission color of the display unit is blue; The second display unit and the third display unit are circumferentially arranged, and are driven to rotate about the center of the circumference as the center of rotation.

[0016]

1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

The display unit 1 uses the LED 2 as a light emitting dot. Although not shown, 480 LEDs 2 are arranged in a line in a direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The vertical dot pitch is 2 mm. 39 sets of the LEDs 2 arranged in the vertical direction are arranged so as to form a circumferential surface at equal intervals so as to be parallel to each other.
The dot pitch in the horizontal direction (circumferential direction) is 4 mm. The LEDs 2 are arranged in a direction of emitting light toward the center of the circumferential surface. Note that 39, which is the number of sets of LEDs 2 arranged in a circle, is the number of parallaxes in this example.
The angle of the light beam of ED2, that is, the parallax interval is 2
°.

In the display unit 1, each of the LEs
A slit 3 is provided in the vertical direction (that is, parallel to the vertical column of the LEDs 2) at the position of the center axis of the circumferential surface that is formed by the set D2. The opening width of the slit 3 in the horizontal direction is 2 mm. The LED 2 is housed in a housing having an appropriate structure in which the slit 3 is integrated.

According to the display unit 1 having the above-described structure, each light beam emitted from each set of the LEDs 2 (each column in the vertical direction) intersects at the opening of the slit 3 and has a predetermined parallax step angle. Radiated from 3 outward.

FIG. 2 shows a first example of a stereoscopic display device 5 using the display unit 1. As shown in the figure, the display unit 1 is set to A,
The display unit 1 is moved relatively to B and C, and an appropriate display signal is given to the LED 2 of the display unit 1 in synchronization with the movement. Light beams from each set of the LEDs 2 are incident on the left and right eyes R and L of the observer, and a stereoscopic image is recognized in the space before and after the display device by the parallax of the right and left eyes R and L.

It should be noted that the display unit 1 is fixed at a predetermined position, and the stereoscopic display can be similarly observed even if the observer moves in the direction of the CBA. For example, if a three-dimensional display device is installed along the railroad track of a train, a use mode in which a passenger of the train recognizes a three-dimensional image outside a window when passing the train is considered.

FIG. 3 shows a second example of the three-dimensional display device 6 using the display unit 1. As shown in the figure, the three-dimensional display device 6 is a set of three display units 1.
(R, G, B) have four sets. The three display units 1 of each set have the same structure, and the emission colors of the LEDs 2 are different from red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and are arranged in a predetermined order. Each display unit 1 is arranged circumferentially around a rotation shaft 7 of a rotation drive mechanism (not shown), and can be driven to rotate at a desired rotation speed (for example, 450 rpm in this example). In this stereoscopic display device 6, the rotation radius of the slit 3 of each display unit 1 is 401 mm.

As shown in FIG. 3, a maximum observation distance 8 is set outside the three-dimensional display device 6 in a circumferential shape surrounding the device. The maximum observation distance 8 indicates a limit position at which the distance between the observer's eyes becomes the same as the distance between two light beams coming from the adjacent display unit (LED2). In other words, if the distance between the two eyes of the observer is larger than the distance between the two light beams coming from the adjacent display unit (LED2), the distance between the two eyes of the observer is larger than the distance between the two light beams. Can be viewed stereoscopically.

The stereoscopic display device 6 is rotated at an appropriate rotation speed for the left and right eyes R and L of the observer located inside this position, and an appropriate display is displayed on the LED 2 of each display unit 1 in synchronization with the rotation. Give a signal. This display signal is obtained, for example, from an image obtained by photographing a subject with 180 video cameras installed circumferentially every 2 ° corresponding to the parallax interval of this example. Therefore, a moving image can also be displayed.

The number of pixels in the circumferential direction is 1260, the number of pixels in the vertical direction of the display unit 1 is 480, the number of parallaxes in the display unit 1 is 39, and full-color display of three colors of R, G and B is performed. Is performed, the total number of display signal data in the stereoscopic display device of the present example is calculated by the following equation. 1260 x 39 x 480 x (R, G, B) = 23587200 x (R, G, B)

Light beams from the set of LEDs 2 are incident on the left and right eyes R and L of the observer, and a color stereoscopic image is recognized in the space before and after the display unit by the parallax of the eyes. When the observer moves around the three-dimensional display device 6, the three-dimensional image can be seen from the entire circumference of the substantially cylindrical three-dimensional display device 6.

A third example of the three-dimensional display device will be described with reference to FIG. The three-dimensional display device includes the display unit 1
And a display unit 11 having a different structure. 2 above
In one example, the light emitting dot as a display unit is LE
Although D is adopted, a fluorescent display tube is used in this example. A general fluorescent display tube is a self-luminous display element in which various display electrodes and the like are housed inside a box-shaped envelope maintained in a high vacuum atmosphere. A dot-shaped anode conductor made of a conductive film is formed on the inner surface of an insulating anode substrate that constitutes a part of the envelope, and a phosphor layer is coated thereon to form an anode as a light-emitting display unit. It is configured. In the envelope, a control electrode is provided as required above the anode, and a filament cathode serving as an electron source is further stretched over the control electrode. The electrons emitted from the cathode are accelerated and controlled by the control electrode, and strike the anode to emit light.

That is, in the fluorescent display tube having the general configuration as described above, since the light emitting portion is formed on the surface of the flat anode substrate, it becomes a display unit as in the first and second examples. It is difficult to arrange a plurality of dot-shaped anodes at equal intervals around the circumference. Therefore, in this example, as shown in FIG. 4, in a plane parallel to the line connecting both eyes of the observer, the dot-like anodes 12 as display units are arranged at irregular intervals on the anode substrate 13 and the slits 3 are formed. The angle of the parallax at the time when each anode 12 was viewed from above was made constant. That is, in FIG.
Each anode 12 constitutes a group in which a plurality of the anodes 12 are arranged at predetermined intervals in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. This set has a number corresponding to a plurality of parallax numbers (39 in this example). These sets are set so as to be parallel to the plane on the anode substrate 13 and so that each light flux from each anode 12 is irradiated from the slit 3 with a predetermined parallax in the paper.
The closer to the central part near the slit 3, the narrower the gap.

Note that full color display can be achieved by using a ZnO: Zn phosphor having a relatively wide emission spectrum as the phosphor of the anode and providing an RGB color filter on the display surface side of the fluorescent display tube.

As the light source of the three-dimensional display device of the present invention, PDP, EL and the like can be used in addition to the LED and the fluorescent display tube described above. A liquid crystal display device can be used as long as it has a quick response such as a ferroelectric liquid crystal. Further, display units having different light emission principles can be used in combination. For example, a fluorescent display tube and an LED can be used in combination.

A fourth example of the present three-dimensional display device will be described. In the second example, a substantially cylindrical three-dimensional display device is rotated and displayed, and an observer observes the outside from outside the cylinder. In this example, a plurality of display units 1 arranged in an inward circumferential direction are displayed while being rotated, and an observer is inside the circumference and observes the outside in a circumferential manner. Further, the display unit 1
May be arranged in a dome shape.

A fifth example of the present three-dimensional display device will be described with reference to FIG. In each of the examples described above, stereoscopic vision is obtained in the left-right direction. However, in this example, stereoscopic vision in the vertical direction is obtained simultaneously in addition to the left-right direction. FIG. 4 (a) shows the slits 3 of the display unit 1 shown in FIG. 1, and as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the slits 3 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction. , So that parallax also occurs in the vertical direction. Further, although not shown, the number of LEDs 2 in the vertical direction of the display unit 1 is increased.
For example, assuming that three upward, horizontal, and downward views are set for the up-down direction, the number of LEDs 2 in the vertical direction of the display unit 1 is tripled. When the display unit 1 is configured as described above, and a display signal including information on video in the vertical direction is given, stereoscopic display with a stereoscopic effect in the vertical direction can be performed while maintaining the stereoscopic vision due to the parallax between the two eyes as described above. realizable.

In the display unit 1 of each example described above,
As shown in FIG. 1, a vertical LED array circumferentially arranged with the irradiation direction inward irradiates a light beam in a direction of a vertical central axis of the circumference, and the light beam is positioned at the position of the central axis. The light was diffused outward from the vertical slit 3 at a predetermined angle of parallax and irradiated. However, in order to configure a display unit of a multiple light source array by arranging a large number of minute light-emitting units such as LEDs, various structures other than the above-described example can be considered. For example, FIG. 6A shows a display unit 21 having another structure according to the present invention, and is a view expressed in the same direction as FIG. 1 described above. As shown in the figure, a large number of vertically arranged LEDs 2 are arranged in a circle with the irradiation direction facing outward, and each LED row has a predetermined parallax from the position of the center axis of the circumference toward the outside of the circumference. The luminous flux may be radiated outward with a notch angle of. In this case, each LE
In order to enhance the directivity of the light beam emitted from D2, FIG.
A directional barrier 20 as shown in FIG. The directional barrier 20 is a cylindrical member that is long along the central axis of the LED 2 in the light irradiation direction. If there is a function to improve the directivity of the display unit such as LED,
Members and devices having the structure and principle can be adopted.

[0034]

According to the present invention, display is performed by causing the display unit having the multiple light source array to emit light while relatively moving the display unit with respect to the observer. Therefore, the display unit has a simple structure with few complicated driving parts. However, the following effects can be obtained.

1. Sufficient luminance can be secured. 2. An all-around 3D display is possible without reducing the dot pitch relative to the pixel pitch. 3. The parallax number can be increased. 4. Real-time, full-color, natural three-dimensional display can be observed with the naked eye in real time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a display unit included in a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a stereoscopic display device that is a first example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a stereoscopic display device that is a second example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a display unit included in a stereoscopic display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a stereoscopic display device that is a fifth example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of the structure of the display unit constituting the stereoscopic display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 11, 21 ... display unit, 2 ... LED as display unit, 3 ... slit, 12 ... anode as display unit,
20: directional barrier, 5, 6: stereoscopic display device, 9: through-hole forming slit

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A three-dimensional display device that emits a display unit that emits a light beam at a predetermined parallax interval from display units corresponding to a plurality of parallax numbers while emitting light relative to an observer. 2. A three-dimensional display device that emits a display unit that emits a light beam with a predetermined parallax step angle from a plurality of display units corresponding to the number of parallaxes, while moving the display unit in parallel with a direction connecting both eyes of an observer. Display device. 3. A three-dimensional display device that emits light while rotating a display unit that emits a light beam with a predetermined parallax interval from a plurality of display units corresponding to the number of parallaxes, and emits light while rotating the display unit. Display device. 4. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, further comprising a slit through which a light beam from each of the display units passes. 5. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 4, wherein the slit includes a plurality of through holes arranged at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction. 6. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, wherein a directional barrier is provided in each of the display units. 7. A plurality of sets of display units arranged in a line in a predetermined direction are the same as the number of sets corresponding to the plurality of parallax numbers.
A display unit arranged in parallel with each other so as to form a continuous surface, and configured such that each light beam from each display unit is irradiated with a predetermined parallax increment in a plane orthogonal to the predetermined direction, A stereoscopic display device that emits light while relatively moving with respect to an observer in a plane orthogonal to a predetermined direction. 8. The display according to claim 1, wherein the continuous surface is a circumferential surface, and the display unit has a first display unit in which the emission color of the display unit is red and a second display in which the emission color of the display unit is green. A first display unit, the second display unit, and the third display unit, wherein the display unit has a third display unit whose emission color is blue. 8. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 7, wherein these are driven to rotate about the center of the circumference as a center of rotation.