JPH11222769A - Method for producing polyester filament fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To obtain a polyester filament which is excellent in strong elongation and has few yarn spots at low cost and high quality only by stretching by running in a heating device. A fiber-forming polyester is melt-spun from a spinneret, and the spun yarn is once cooled to a temperature below the glass transition point to be solidified, and then the yarn is run in a heating device and drawn. After the heat treatment, in a method for producing a polyester filament fiber which applies an oil agent to a yarn having a temperature of 50 ° C. or higher and a tension of 0.6 g / dr or higher and winds the yarn at a high speed, the oil agent to be applied has a concentration of 10 to 25. % Emulsion oil, the surface tension of which is 30 dyn
/ Cm or less, the oil agent spreadability defined below is 15 seconds or less,
Is applied in an amount of 0.3 to 1.5% by weight. Here, the oil agent spreadability means that the weaving density is 110 yarns / inch,
1 cc of the emulsion oil was dropped onto a 80-inch / inch polyester taffeta cloth, and the time until the spreading diameter reached 2 cm was defined.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing an inexpensive polyester filament fiber capable of obtaining a high-quality woven or knitted fabric having no fluff or unevenness of fineness, excellent strength and elongation, excellent dyeability and texture. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Polyester filament fibers have strength and strength.
From the viewpoint of improving mechanical properties such as elongation, dimensional stability, and other points, a method is generally employed in which a melt-spun yarn is once cooled and then stretched. When the conventional polyester filament fibers are classified according to the production method, a yarn obtained by two steps of spinning and drawing (FOY) and a yarn obtained by one step of direct spinning and drawing (SDY) are yarns drawn at a high speed of 5000 m / min or more. (HOY).

In recent years, in order to simplify the drawing process, instead of drawing using a heating roller (SDY), the spun yarn is once cooled and solidified, and then the heating tube is run to use the air resistance. And a method of stretching the film. The method of drawing using this heating cylinder is a non-contact drawing method utilizing air resistance as compared with the contact drawing method using a heating roller, and therefore has little effect on the yarn, and generates little fuzz and yarn spots. Further, since no heating roller is required, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

[0004] However, the portion (step) for applying the oil agent to the yarn has a high yarn temperature of 50 ° C or higher and a yarn tension of 0.6 g / millisecond because the yarn has just passed through the heating tube.
It is as high as dr or more. For this reason, it is difficult to adhere the oil agent and the uniform adhesion is lacking. Therefore, there is a problem that white powder and fluff are generated in the yarn manufacturing process and / or the yarn processing process (false twist, twisted yarn, air matching, etc.).

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a polyester filament fiber by drawing in a non-contact method by running in a heating device only by air resistance. Excellent mechanical properties of degree,
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an excellent polyester filament fiber which does not generate white powder and fluff in a yarn production step and / or a yarn processing step.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have noticed that the uniform adhesion of the oil agent to the yarn is important. The present inventors have found that the surface tension of the resin and the spreadability of the oil agent on the polyester taffeta cloth are substitutes for the uniform adhesion of the oil agent, and have reached the present invention. That is, in the present invention, the fiber-forming polyester is melt-spun from a spinneret, the spun yarn is once cooled to a temperature lower than the glass transition point to be solidified, and then the yarn is run in a heating device and drawn. After the heat treatment, the temperature is more than 50 ° C and the tension is 0.6
In a method for producing a polyester filament fiber in which an oil agent is applied to a yarn of g / dr or more and wound at a high speed, the oil agent to be applied is an emulsion oil agent having a concentration of 10 to 25%, and the oil agent has a surface tension of 30 dyn / cm or less, an oil agent whose oil agent expandability defined below is within 15 seconds,
A method for producing a polyester filament fiber, wherein an adhesion amount of 0.3 to 1.5% by weight is provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The polyester of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a melt-spinnable polyester, but polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate or an ethylene terephthalate unit and / or a butylene terephthalate unit are used as a main constituent unit, and a small amount of It is preferably a copolyester containing copolymerized units, and particularly preferably polyethylene terephthalate.

The intrinsic viscosity [η] of the polyester fiber is preferably 0.55 ≦ [η] ≦ 0.7, more preferably 0.55 ≦ [η] ≦ 0.65. 0.5 intrinsic viscosity
If it is less than 5, the strength and elongation of the fiber are reduced, and yarn breakage may frequently occur in the fiber manufacturing process, and troubles such as fluffing and yarn breakage are likely to occur in the fiber product manufacturing process. On the other hand, when the intrinsic viscosity exceeds 0.7, the melt viscosity of the polymer during melt spinning becomes too high, so that a trouble due to an increase in the discharge pressure is likely to occur, and it may be difficult to obtain a good process tone.

In the production method of the present invention, the melt spinning temperature, the melt spinning speed (melt spinning amount) and the like are not particularly limited, and the melt spinning is performed under the same conditions as those usually used for producing polyester fibers. However, the melt spinning temperature is generally in the range of (melting point of polyester + 20 ° C.) to (melting point of polyester + 40 ° C.), for example, generally about 280 to 300 ° C. for polyethylene terephthalate,
And the melt spinning speed is about 20-50 g / spinning hole 1 m
It is preferable to set it to about m ² · min, since a good quality polyester fiber can be obtained with good spinning processability.

The melt-spun yarn is once cooled to a temperature below its glass transition temperature, preferably at least 10 ° C. below the glass transition temperature. Preferred cooling air conditions for that are as follows: the cooling air temperature is about 20-30 ° C.
The cooling air humidity is 20 to 60%, and the cooling air blowing speed is 0.1%.
The speed is preferably 4 to 1.0 m / sec, and the blowing direction of the cooling air to the spun fibers is preferably perpendicular to the spinning direction.

The yarn cooled and solidified to the glass transition temperature or lower is then directly introduced into a heating device and stretched as it is. The heating temperature varies depending on the type of polyester, etc., but it is possible to make the physical properties of the obtained polyester fiber practically satisfactory by keeping the temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the polyester by 40 ° C. or more. It is preferred. For example, in the case of polyethylene terephthalate fiber, the temperature in the heating device is preferably set to about 100 ° C. or higher.

The heating device can heat the yarn running inside the heating device without contacting the heating means and the like, and furthermore, creates a resistance between the yarn running in the device and the air surrounding the yarn. Any structure can be used as long as it can be used to increase the yarn tension and draw the fiber. Among them, a heating device having a cylindrical structure can be preferably used.
A tube heater of about 50 mm or so is preferable.

The installation position and length of the heating device depend on the type of polyester fiber, the amount of polyester spun, the cooling temperature,
It can be adjusted according to the running speed of the yarn, the temperature in the heating device, the inner diameter of the heating device, etc., but in order to make the heating of the yarn in the heating device uniform and perform uniform and smooth drawing, It is preferable that the distance to the entrance of the heating zone be about 0.5 to 3.0 m and the heating length be about 1.0 to 2.0 m.

The yarn which has been subjected to the heat drawing and, if necessary, the heat treatment exits the heating device, is subsequently applied with an oil agent, and is taken off at a high speed. At the time of applying the oil agent, the yarn is in a high temperature state of at least 50 ° C. and is under high tension due to its high-speed take-up. As the oil agent in the method of the present invention, it is necessary to uniformly adhere to such a yarn,
For that purpose, the oil agent is used in a specific emulsion state described later, but as the oil agent itself, it is necessary to select according to its use, but mineral oil, polyether,
No particular limitation is imposed on those containing a polyether ester as a main component and other components such as an antioxidant and an antistatic agent. However,
In consideration of the thread-to-thread friction and thread-to-metal friction, it is necessary to formulate the composition so that the friction coefficient is appropriate.

The oil may be supplied to the yarn by oiling rollers or guide oiling. In the case of the guide oiling method, it is desirable to redisperse the oil by a migration nozzle.

The emulsion concentration of the oil agent in the present invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 25%, more preferably 18 to 2%.
A range of 0% is good. When the emulsion concentration is less than 10%, a prescribed oil agent is applied to the yarn (oil agent adhesion amount: 0.3
At the same time, a large amount of water is provided, and the water is scattered by friction with a guide or the like in the spinning process, which is not preferable in the production process. On the other hand, if the emulsion concentration exceeds 25%, the viscosity of the oil agent itself becomes high, and when applied to the yarn, the spreadability of the oil agent is poor, and it becomes difficult to uniformly apply the oil agent.

The surface tension of the oil in the emulsion state is preferably 30 dyn / cm or less when the emulsion concentration is 10 to 25%. If the surface tension exceeds 30 dyn / cm, when the oil agent is applied to the yarn, the oil agent becomes oil droplets on the yarn and it is difficult to cover the entire yarn even if a certain amount of adhesion is applied. Not preferred.

Further, the spreadability of the emulsion oil on polyester taffeta cloth was examined as an index indicating the property of the oil spreading rapidly on the polyester yarn and covering the yarn.
That is, when the emulsion oil 1cc was dropped onto the polyester taffeta cloth, the time required for the oil to spread to reach a diameter of 2 cm was measured, and it was found that the time was preferably within 15 seconds. If an oil agent longer than 15 seconds is used, a large amount of white powder is generated in the processing step when the fiber is processed into a thread, which is an undesirable result.

The yarn take-up speed needs to be 4000 m / min or more, and preferably 4500 m / min or more. If the take-up speed of the yarn is less than 4000 m / min, the drawing of the fiber in the heating device will not be sufficiently performed, and the mechanical properties of the obtained polyester filament fiber will be reduced. The production method is not performed smoothly, and in particular, fluctuations in the tension of the yarn in the heating device, overheating, and the like occur, making it difficult to perform uniform stretching.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. The surface tension of the oil agent and the extensibility in each of Examples and Comparative Examples were measured by the following methods.

<Surface tension of oil> The surface tension of any emulsion-concentrated oil (eg, 10%, 20%, 30%) was measured using a Kyowa CBVP surface tensiometer (A-3 type) manufactured by Kyowa Kagaku Co., Ltd. It was measured and determined from the table of emulsion concentration / surface tension.

<Expandability of oil agent> The weave density is 110 yarns / length.
1 cc of an arbitrary oil having an emulsion concentration was dropped on a polyester taffeta cloth of 80 inches / width and 80 inches / inch, and the time was defined as the time until the spread diameter reached 2 cm, and the time was determined.

Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate (intrinsic viscosity [η] = 0.65) added with 0.5 wt% of titanium oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.4 μm was spun from a die having a pore size of 0.25 mm and 48 holes. Temperature 293 ° C, discharge rate 1.7
Spinning at 4 g / min. Per hole, blowing a cooling air at a temperature of 25 ° C and a humidity of 60% onto the spun yarn at a speed of 0.6 m / sec, once cooling the yarn to 70 ° C or less, and then lowering the spinneret. 1.
After being introduced into a heating device consisting of a 1.5 m long, 30 cm inside diameter pipe heater (inner wall temperature 190 ° C.) installed at a position of 2 m and stretched in the pipe heater, the yarn coming out of the pipe heater is subjected to A The oil agent was applied 0.6% by an oiling roller method. The oil agent A is a textile oil agent whose main component is a mineral oil, the emulsion concentration of the oil agent is 15%, and the surface tension of the emulsion agent 15% oil agent is 2.5 dyn / c.
m, the extensibility was 10 seconds. After applying the oil agent, it was wound up at a take-up speed of 5000 m / min through two take-up rollers to obtain a 150d / 48f drawn polyester filament fiber. Manufacturing this filament fiber
As shown in Table 1, the evaluation results in processing showed that the condition of the spinning process and the stains around the spinning take-up equipment were good, and no white powder was generated in the yarn processing process.

Example 2 When producing polyester fibers under the same conditions as in Example 1, B oil was used in place of A oil in Example 1. Oil agent B is a false twist oil agent whose main component is polyether / polyetherester. The emulsion concentration of the oil agent is 18%, and the emulsion concentration is 1%.
The surface tension of 8% oil is 28 dyn / cm and the spreadability is 14
Seconds were used. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation results in manufacturing and processing the filament fiber in this example were good in the spinning step and the yarn processing step.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 When producing polyester fibers under the same conditions as in Example 1, C oil was used in place of A oil in Example 1. Oil agent C is a false twist oil agent whose main component is polyether / polyetherester. The emulsion concentration of the oil agent is 18%, and the emulsion concentration is 1%.
The surface tension of 8% oil is 35 dyn / cm, and the spreadability is 30.
Seconds were used. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation results in manufacturing and processing the filament fibers in this example show that considerable white powder was generated in the spinning step and the yarn processing step, and that dirt around the spinning take-up and the yarn processing step resulted in considerable white powder. As a result, the processability and the product quality were impaired due to the change in tension due to the accumulation of white powder in the guide.

Comparative Example 2 In producing polyester fibers under the same conditions as in Example 1, D oil was used in place of A oil in Example 1. The oil agent D is a false twist oil agent whose main component is polyether, the emulsion concentration of the oil agent is 30%, and the surface tension of the emulsion concentration 30% oil agent is 3%.
30 dyn / cm, and the extensibility was 15 seconds.
As shown in Table 1, the evaluation results in manufacturing and processing the filament fibers in this example showed that considerable white powder was generated in the yarn processing step. As a result, the process quality and product quality were impaired due to the tension fluctuation due to the accumulation of white powder on the guide in the yarn processing step.

Comparative Example 3 In producing polyester fibers under the same conditions as in Example 1, E oil was used in place of A oil in Example 1. The oil agent E is a textile oil agent whose main component is mineral oil, and the emulsion concentration of the oil agent is 18
%, The surface tension of the emulsion with an emulsion concentration of 18% is 28 d
yn / cm, and the spreadability was 14 seconds. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation results in the production and processing of the filament fibers in this example showed that a small amount of white powder was generated in the spinning step and the yarn processing step, and in particular, stains around the spinning winder were conspicuous. In the yarn processing step, it is necessary to periodically remove white powder accumulated in the guide.

[0028]

[Table 1]

[0029]

According to the method for producing polyester filament fibers of the present invention, the oil agent has a high uniformity of adhesion, and does not cause generation of stains such as white powder on the peripheral device of the yarn introduction in the spinning process and the yarn processing process. Therefore, since the yarn tension does not fluctuate due to the occurrence, it is possible to produce an excellent polyester filament fiber free from fluff and unevenness of fineness. Therefore, by using the polyester filament fiber obtained in the present invention, it is possible to obtain a high-quality woven or knitted fabric having excellent strength and elongation and excellent dyeing properties and texture.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fiber-forming polyester is melt-spun from a spinneret, the spun yarn is once cooled to a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature and solidified, and then the yarn is run in a heating device to carry out a drawing heat treatment. Then, in a method for producing a polyester filament fiber in which an oil agent is applied to a yarn having a temperature of 50 ° C. or higher and a tension of 0.6 g / dr or higher and wound at a high speed, the oil agent to be applied has a concentration of 10 to 25%. An emulsion oil having a surface tension of 30 dyn / c.
A method for producing a polyester filament fiber, wherein an oil agent having an oil agent spreadability of 15 m or less and having an oil agent spreadability of 15 minutes or less is applied in an amount of 0.3 to 1.5% by weight.