JPH11228962A - Liquid soil conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a liquid soil conditioner which suppresses generation of odor components such as ammonia and uses oil cakes rich in active ingredients as a starting material. SOLUTION: A turbid liquid obtained by adding a fixed amount of water to oil cake and rotting is obtained. An appropriate amount of a biopowder in which a plurality of types of aerobic microorganisms are carried on a fine powdery porous carrier is added to the turbid liquid. While maintaining the air blow, the liquid temperature is maintained at 30 to 40 ° C, which is the optimum temperature for fermentation, to 8 to
Ferment for 12 days.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to soybeans, rapeseed, cottonseed,
The present invention relates to a liquid soil conditioner that makes effective use of oil cake, which is a residue obtained by squeezing oil such as flax and peanut.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Oil cake is a residue obtained by squeezing oil-and-fat components by squeezing seeds containing oil-and-fat components such as soybeans and rapeseed, and is an important organic soil conditioner rich in nitrogen. It is useful as a nitrogen-based organic soil conditioner. However, when this oil cake is sprayed on the soil without any treatment, decomposition often is promoted by soil bacteria some time after spraying, depending on the soil environment, and ammonia and mercaptan are generated, which often causes malodor. Was. In particular, when sprayed in a large amount in a house, which is a closed environment, there is a problem that ammonia gas and nitrous acid gas fill the house and adversely affect crops.

Attempts have been made to ferment the oil cake in order to solve the above-mentioned problems and extract the effect of the oil cake as a soil conditioner. However, conventionally, the oil cake has been simply fermented by adding water to the oil cake. It was not too much.

[0004]

As described above, in the past, spontaneous fermentation was carried out by simply adding water to the oil cake, but according to this method, the fermentation was insufficient even if sufficient time was taken. The problem of odor and ammonia gas could not be solved, and the effect of the finally obtained suspension as a soil conditioner was limited.

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the problems of the conventional soil conditioner using oil cake as a starting material.
Addition of biopowder mainly composed of specific and useful aerobic microorganisms to the turbid liquid that has been spoiled by adding water to oil cake as an organic material promotes fermentation, deodorizes, and improves soil reforming ability. The present invention was found to be improved, and the present invention was completed.

[0006] Accordingly, the present invention is intended to promote the fermentation by adding a biopowder mainly composed of specific useful aerobic microorganisms to a suspension of oil cake, thereby promoting odor components such as ammonia and mercaptan which cause malodor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid soil conditioner which suppresses generation and does not emit an off-flavor rich in useful components.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the constitution of the present invention will be described in detail. Water is added to oil cake as an organic raw material, stirred and mixed, and then left at room temperature for 3 to 8 months. Then, an appropriate amount of biopowder in which a plurality of types of aerobic microorganisms are supported on a finely powdered porous carrier such as zeolite or perlite is added to the turbid liquid that has been spoiled. Is the optimal temperature for fermentation
Is a liquid soil conditioner characterized by being subjected to fermentation treatment for 8 to 12 days while maintaining the same.

Examples of suitable aerobic microorganisms used in the present invention include Streptomyces sp., Micrococ
aerobic microorganisms included in the genus cus and the genus Nitrobactoer; and one or more aerobic microorganisms selected from these groups can be used in combination.

Carriers for supporting aerobic microorganisms include:
Pearlite (PERLITE) and zeolite (ZEOL)
A fine powdery porous material such as ITE) is suitable, and a biopowder can be obtained by adsorbing aerobic microorganisms on the porous carrier. By supporting the aerobic microorganisms on the fine powdery porous body, there is an advantage that the handling operability is improved and the action of decomposing organic substances by the aerobic microorganisms is made uniform.

The optimum mixing ratio of water to oil cake is about 1000 liters of water per 20 kilogram of oil cake. When the mixing amount of water is about half of this, the suspension is concentrated and aerobic microorganisms are concentrated. Decomposition may not be promoted even if is added.

Water is added to the oil cake at the ratio described above, and the mixture is stirred and mixed. If left at room temperature for about 8 months in winter and 3 months in summer, protein components contained in the oil cake are mainly anaerobic microorganisms. Is decomposed and emits a rotten odor.

In this turbid solution, a plurality of types of aerobic microorganisms (genus Streptomyces,
Micrococcus, Nitrobactor
By adding an appropriate amount of the biopowder carrying the genus) and continuing aeration, putrefaction odor is eliminated, fermentation is promoted, and a soil conditioner rich in useful components can be obtained.

The fermentation period in which air blowing is continued is suitably from 8 days to 12 days. If the fermentation period is less than 8 days, the decomposition is not completed and some putrid odor remains. Further, since the fermentation treatment is almost completed by continuing the air blow for about 12 days, no further fermentation period is required.

[0014] The activity of aerobic microorganisms, especially the activity of proteolytic enzymes, depends on the temperature and is most active at 30 ° C to 40 ° C. To Conversely, in the summer, an appropriate cooling means is used to maintain an appropriate fermentation temperature.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to embodiments. 1000 liters of water was added to 20 kg of soybean oil lees, mixed with stirring, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 6 months. Due to the effect of evaporation of water, the volume was reduced by about 2% as compared with the stirring and mixing after 6 months. Since this suspension had undergone considerable decay due to the decomposition of anaerobic microorganisms, the odor emitted by this sample was intense.

Next, Streptm was added to the turbid solution.
genus yces, Micrococcus, Nitrob
Two liters of biopowder in which a plurality of types of aerobic microorganisms contained in the actor genus were supported on fine powdered pearlite was blended, and air blowing was performed using a commercially available compressor. The liquid temperature during the fermentation period was 33-36 ° C.
Was maintained for 10 days to obtain a deodorized liquid soil conditioner.

The soil to which the liquid soil conditioner according to the present invention was sprayed and the soil in the conventional practice were inspected by the Kagoshima Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, and the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained. In addition, all samples were collected by dividing the fields on the same site.

[0018]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, when the liquid soil conditioner of the present invention was applied, no change was observed in the pH value of the soil as compared with the conventional plot, but about 2.1 times in exchangeable potassium. , About 2.3 times improvement in potassium saturation and about 1.64 times improvement in effective phosphoric acid. In addition, in the soil to which the liquid soil conditioner of the present invention is applied, metabolites generated from soil bacteria by the action of aerobic microorganisms also become a large nutrient source for crops.

[0020] The liquid soil conditioner according to the present invention was applied to tea plantations with poor sprouting conditions. That is, a tea plantation with poor sprouting conditions was divided in half, and a liquid soil conditioner of the present invention diluted 20-fold to about 100 tsubo was evenly sprayed between each furrow with a jar. The same type of fertilizer was sprayed in the same amount in both the treatment zone and the conventional zone according to the present invention. After about three weeks, a liquid soil conditioner under the same conditions as the first time was applied between the furrows of the treatment section. During the application of the liquid soil conditioner, the same amount of a normal disinfecting solution was applied to both the treatment section and the conventional section.

Observation two months after the first spraying (at the time of tea picking of the first tea), in the treated plot, the core of the buds was greatly elongated, the shape was uniform, and the leaves were thick, It was dark green. When the tea leaves harvested from the treated and conventional plots were analyzed at the Japan Food Analysis Center, 407 mg of total ascorbic acid (total vitamin C) was detected per 100 g of the tea leaves harvested from the treated plot. In contrast, the total amount of ascorbic acid harvested from the conventional plot was 29
2 mg. That is, the amount of total ascorbic acid contained in the leaves of the tea harvested by applying the liquid soil conditioner of the present invention was increased by 115 mg per 100 g as compared with the tea grown in normal culture.

Next, an example in which the liquid soil conditioner according to the present invention is applied to rice cultivation will be described. In Kambara district of Niigata prefecture,
A diluent obtained by adding and mixing 80 liters of water to 80 liters of the liquid soil conditioner of the present invention per 10 arels of the field was uniformly sprayed with a so-called gun injection hole immediately before planting rice. In the treated area, 18.1 plants were planted per square meter of a seedling of Koshihikari varieties per square meter of planting density.

[0023] After planting, it was generally late to divide due to low temperature and lack of sunshine. However, in the treated area, the leaves grew well without any sagging from around the end of May, and the leaves grew smoothly upwards and were adjacent. It shows a clear difference from the conventional area.
It is said that the effective stalk decision period in this area is around June 20-25, but in the field of the treatment area, the perching stalks are thick, the leaf color is pale and lively healthy rice flora, and the ear manure is also suitable. It became possible to apply to. On the other hand, in the adjacent practice plot, the leaf color became brown, and a fall-like weakness appeared, and the difference from the treated plot became clearer. This is thought to be due to the difference in the root activity. The difference gradually increased until the harvesting period after the application of ear manure.

The harvest survey was conducted on September 19 with a circular plow cutter, dried, threshed, using a stepped sieve, and examined as refined brown rice. The yield was 662 kg per 10 ares, which was higher than that in the conventional plot. The taste value was requested and verified by the Prefectural Economic Taste Research Office. The results were very good, and the harvested rice from the treated area was full and glossy. In general,
In rice cultivation, increasing the yield per unit area is said to have a contradiction that negatively affects taste.
If the liquid soil conditioner of the present invention is applied to rice cultivation, such contradictions can be resolved.

Further, in a fruit orchard in the Kamiyama district of Yamagata prefecture, the liquid soil conditioner of the present invention was placed at the base of a cherry tree.
As a result of measuring the sugar content of the fruits of the cherries harvested from the treated section to which the 0-fold dilution was sprayed and the conventional section not subjected to such treatment, the treated section was 12% higher than that of the conventional section.
It has been confirmed that it has improved. The fruit harvested from the treated plot was good not only in the sugar content but also in flavor and taste, and could not be compared with the fruit harvested in the conventional plot. Experiments were also conducted on apples and La France in the same area, but the results were the same as for cherry.

Experiments were also conducted on a wide variety of common vegetables, such as komatsuna, eggplant, leek, etc. In all cases, vegetables harvested from the treatment plots were better in all aspects than vegetables harvested from the customary plots. It was confirmed that it was excellent.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, a biopowder mainly comprising a specific and useful aerobic microorganism is allowed to act on a suspension of oil cake to promote fermentation and to cause ammonia, which causes malodor. Can suppress the generation of odorous components such as mercaptan and mercaptan, and can obtain a liquid soil conditioner that does not emit off-flavors, which is rich in useful components, enables the effective use of oil cake, and the action of cultured microorganisms in the soil. In addition, it has a remarkable effect that can bring good results to the natural world.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI // C09K 101: 00

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Water is added to oil lees as an organic raw material, and the mixture is stirred and mixed, and then left at room temperature for 3 to 8 months to form a fine powdery porous material such as zeolite or perlite in a rotten turbid liquid. An appropriate amount of bio-powder carrying a plurality of types of aerobic microorganisms on a carrier is added, and the fermentation treatment is carried out for 8 to 12 days while maintaining the air temperature at 30 to 40 ° C., which is the optimum fermentation temperature, while continuing air blowing. A liquid soil conditioner characterized by comprising: