JPH11257637A - Method of controlling burner fan for combustion burner of incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently incinerate matters to be burnt, by accurately controlling the amount of air blown from a burner fan for an incineration burner in an incinerator for incinerating usual trashes such as wood chips and paper scraps and the like, and polymer materials. SOLUTION: Incineration burners 13, 14 are ignited after commencement of an ignition treatment to matters to be burnt, followed by flash control of the combustion burners depending on the temperature of an exhaust gas which passes through a flue. After the ignition treatment to the matters to be burnt, variation in temperature of the exhaust gas is detected to permit burner fans 15, 16 to undergo full operation, in the case where the temperature variation falls within a range of a preset inclination.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling a burner fan for an incineration burner of an incinerator for incinerating general garbage such as wood chips and paper chips, and polymer materials such as polyethylene and polyester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Incinerators installed in relatively small business establishments and hospitals for incinerating general garbage and polymer materials, etc.
The incinerator is thrown into the incinerator irregularly, and the incinerator is operated at an appropriate timing to incinerate the incinerator.

In many of the incinerators installed in the above-mentioned relatively small business establishments, an operator sets a combustion time by a timer, and continuously operates an incineration burner or a blower during the set time. During operation, the operator visually confirms the combustion state of the incinerated material, and extends the operation time or interrupts the operation.

Accordingly, since the incineration time is set based on the feeling and experience of the operator, the combustion continues even though the incineration material has burned out, or the operation is stopped and restarted even though the incineration remains. And there is a problem that operation management is inefficient.

[0005] Therefore, the incineration burner is automatically turned on and off by detecting the combustion state of the incinerated material or the progress of incineration with a temperature sensor, or the operation is terminated by detecting the end time of the incineration. A method of automating the operation is conceivable.However, if only the incineration burner is flashed and controlled, the incineration time between the incinerators is slowed down,
Smoke may be generated during the flash cycle of the incineration burner.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to control the amount of air blown by a burner fan of an incineration burner, thereby efficiently burning the incineration while preventing the generation of smoke. Is what you do.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a primary combustion chamber in which an incineration material is charged and incinerated by an incineration burner, and an exhaust gas disposed adjacent to the primary combustion chamber and discharged from the primary combustion chamber. After the start of operation in an incinerator equipped with a secondary combustion chamber that introduces gas through a flue, incinerates it with a smokeless burner, and then exhausts it from the exhaust stack to the outside, and each burner is equipped with a burner fan. After igniting the incinerator by igniting the burner, the incinerator burner is controlled to flash according to the exhaust gas temperature passing through the flue, and the temperature change of the exhaust gas temperature after the ignition of the incinerator is detected. If the temperature change is within a preset inclination, the burner fan is fully opened.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the burner fan is fully opened when the incineration burner is extinguishing even when the temperature change is outside the preset inclination range.

Further, according to the present invention, when the temperature change is outside the preset inclination range, and when the incineration operation is the second and subsequent batches, the blowing amount of the burner fan is increased in accordance with the elapse of the preset time. It is characterized by things.

[0010] Further, according to the present invention, the operation is performed after the second batch, and after increasing the blowing amount of the burner fan according to time,
After a predetermined period of time elapses from the start of operation, the amount of air blown by the burner fan is controlled according to the temperature of exhaust gas passing through the flue.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. Reference numeral 1 denotes a primary combustion furnace having an outer wall formed of a heat-resistant stainless steel plate. A bottom cylindrical primary combustion chamber 3 is formed, and the side and bottom surfaces of the primary combustion chamber are formed of a refractory material 4 such as refractory fiber or refractory cement.
It is covered with.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a secondary combustion furnace which is installed adjacent to the primary combustion chamber 3 and has an outer wall formed of a heat-resistant stainless steel plate, and a refractory material 4 such as a refractory fiber or a refractory cement on the inner side. To form a secondary combustion chamber 6 covered with.

A pair of exhaust holes 9 and 10 communicating with the secondary combustion chamber 6 through upper and lower flues 7 and 8 are opened above and below the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 3, respectively. First and second temperature sensors 1 for temperature detection
1, 12 are attached.

Numerals 13 and 14 denote incineration burners mounted on the upper and lower sides of the primary combustion chamber 3, respectively, for example, kerosene burners, which are arranged so that the combustion flame radiates toward the inside of the primary combustion chamber 3, and The burner fans 15 and 16 are integrated, and the upper incineration burner 13 is mounted at substantially the same height as the upper flue 7, and the lower incineration burner 14 is mounted at substantially the same height as the lower flue 8. I have.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a lid which is openably and closably attached to the inlet 2 of the primary combustion chamber 3 with a hinge 18 and is formed of a heat-resistant stainless steel plate. Material 19 is attached.

Reference numeral 20 denotes an intermediate portion of the side wall of the secondary combustion chamber 6,
A smokeless burner mounted slightly below the height of the upper flue 7, for example, a kerosene burner, which is arranged so that the combustion flame is radiated toward the interior of the secondary combustion chamber 6, and a burner fan 21 are integrated.

A blower duct 22 has one end connected to a blower 23 for blowing air and the other end 24 opened into an exhaust duct 25 connected to the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 6.
4 is opened upward, and the exhaust air in the secondary combustion chamber 6 is attracted to the outside from the tip of the exhaust duct 25 and discharged by the air blown out from the opening.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a third temperature sensor mounted on the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 6 for detecting the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 6.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system. The first, second, and third temperature sensors 11, 12, and 2 are connected to input ports of a sequencer 27 mainly composed of a microcomputer.
6. The control box 28 is connected, and the incineration burners 13 and 14, the smokeless burner 20, and the blower 23 are connected to the output side.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the main control of the sequencer 27 in the automatic operation mode when the type of the incinerated material is set to the general garbage mode. 20 is ignited to preheat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber 6, and then proceeds to S2 to perform a detection process of the first batch or the second and subsequent batches, and then proceeds to S3 to perform an ignition process of the upper incineration burner 13. Then, the process proceeds to S4, where a smoke generation check process for detecting the generation of smoke due to the ignition of the incineration object is performed.

Thereafter, the program proceeds to S5, in which the burner fan 1
After performing the control of steps 5 and 16 and then proceeding to S6 to detect ignition of the incineration object, proceeding to S7 and performing the re-ignition processing of the upper incineration burner 13 according to the degree of ignition, and then proceeding to S8 After performing the garbage amount check processing for detecting the input amount of the incineration material, the process proceeds to S9, where the smoke generation check processing is also performed.

Further, after the smoke generation check processing, S
Proceeding to 10, the re-ignition process of the lower incineration burner 14 is performed, and then the rotation speed control process of the burner fans 15, 16 is performed in S11, the ignition process of the lower incineration burner 14 is performed in S12, S13.
After the incineration completion detection processing is sequentially performed in step S14, counting of the compulsory operation time before completion described later is started and combustion of the lower incineration burner is started in step S14. Then, the process proceeds to step S15 to end the compulsory operation time before completion. Is detected, and if it ends, all the incineration operations end.

If it is determined in S8 that the amount of the incinerated material is large, S
4 and the process is repeated. Similarly, if the incinerated material is not burned in S13, the process returns to S9 and repeats the above process.

First, the upper incineration burner ignition process in S3 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 4. After the batch detection process in S2, first, in S16, 1
If it is the first batch, the process proceeds to step S17, in which the incineration burner forced ignition time is set to, for example, 2 minutes, and the amount of the incineration material injected into the primary combustion chamber 3 described later. The garbage amount check time for detecting the incineration is set to, for example, 13 minutes, the combustion time of the upper incineration burner 13 is set to, for example, 50 minutes, and the forcible operation time before the end for detecting the end of combustion of the incineration material is set For example, after setting to 20 minutes, S18
Proceed to.

On the other hand, if it is determined in S16 that the second batch or later is stored, the process proceeds to S19, in which the incineration burner forced ignition time is set to, for example, 50 seconds, the dust amount check time is set to, for example, 10 minutes, and the upper incineration burner 13 is turned on. Burning time is for example 40
After setting the compulsory operation time before and after termination to, for example, 15 minutes, the process proceeds to S20.

Next, at S18, the upper and lower incineration burners 1
After stopping the rotation of the burner fans 15 and 16 of 3 and 14 to promote the temperature rise in the secondary combustion chamber 6, the process proceeds to S21 where the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 6 is equal to or higher than a set temperature (for example, 850 ° C.). If the temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature, the process waits.
After the rotation of the burner fans 15 and 16 is started, the program proceeds to S23, where the upper incineration burner 13 is ignited, and the forcible ignition timer and the upper incineration burner combustion of the upper incineration burner 13 set in S19 or S21. The counting of time is started, and the counting of the forced ignition timer (set time is set to, for example, 10 minutes) of the upper and lower incineration burners 13 and 14 is started, and the process proceeds to S24.

When the process proceeds from step S19 to step S20, the process waits until the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 6 reaches a set temperature (for example, 850 ° C.) as in step S21.
If it has arrived, the process proceeds to S23.

At S24, the process waits for the forced burning time of the upper incineration burner. After the elapse of the time, the process proceeds to S25 to start counting the amount of dust check time, and then proceeds to S26 in FIG. 5, and proceeds to S17 or S19 in FIG. It is detected whether or not the incineration burner forced ignition time set in the step has elapsed. If the time has elapsed, the smoke generation check processing and the burner fan control processing in S4 and S5 in FIG. 3 are performed. Is the first
Is determined to be equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 530 ° C.). If the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the incineration amount is large, and the process proceeds to S28.
Here, it is detected whether or not the inside of the lower flue is equal to or higher than a second predetermined temperature (for example, 350 ° C.).
Proceeding to S28, it is determined that the incinerated material has ignited. If it is less than the above, it is determined that the amount of the incinerated material is small and it has not ignited, and the process proceeds to S7 to perform the upper incineration burner relighting process.

When the reburning of the upper incineration burner in step S7 is completed, the process proceeds to step S30 to detect whether or not the dust amount check time is completed. If it is completed, the process proceeds to step S31 and the upper incineration burner 13 is ignited. It is determined whether or not it has been ignited. If it is not ignited, it is judged that the amount of incineration is small and the incinerated material has not been ignited. , And the counting of the forced ignition time of the lower incineration burner is started, the process proceeds to S9 in FIG. 3, and after the smoke generation check process, the lower incineration burner re-ignition process in S10 is performed.

The smoke generation checking process in S4 and S9 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 6. First, in S33, the temperature in the upper flue 7 from the output of the first temperature sensor 11 is determined by the sequencer 27. After storing in the internal memory or the like, the process proceeds to S34 to detect whether or not the temperature input has started. If it is the first time, the process proceeds to S35 to store the detected temperature as back data (D2) of the initial temperature, and then to S36.
Proceed to.

On the other hand, if it is not the first input in S34, and after the data is stored in S35, the process proceeds to S36, where the current temperature in the upper stack 7 is detected and compared with the back data (D2). If the difference is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 4 ° C.), the process proceeds to S37 to extinguish the burning incineration burners 13 and 14, and at the same time, sets FLG to S38 and proceeds to S17 or S19. It is detected whether the burning time of the upper incineration burner has elapsed, and if not, the process proceeds to S39, and the first temperature sensor 1
It is detected from the output of 1 whether or not the temperature in the upper flue 7 is equal to or higher than a first predetermined temperature (for example, 450 ° C.), and if it is lower, the process proceeds to S40 and after the temperature difference becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature in S36. It is detected whether or not a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) has elapsed, and if it has not elapsed, the process proceeds to S41 and the temperature in the upper flue 7 is set to a second predetermined temperature (for example, 350).
° C) or less, and if so, the process proceeds to S42 and the burner fans 15, 14 of the incineration burners 13, 14 are detected.
16 is fully opened, the FLG is reset, and combustion air is supplied to the incineration material to promote combustion.

When the combustion time has elapsed in S38 and when the predetermined time has elapsed in S40, the process also proceeds to S42, in which the burners 15 and 16 are fully opened to promote combustion. Proceeding to S43, the current temperature in the upper stack 7 is detected, and the detected temperature is set to the above-mentioned back data (D2).
Then, the process is terminated, and the process is terminated. Then, the process proceeds to the burner fan control process in S5. If the temperature difference is less than the predetermined temperature in S36, the process also proceeds to S44 to detect the current temperature in the upper flue 7 and to detect the current temperature. After the temperature is updated and stored in the back data (D2), the process ends, and the process proceeds to the burner fan control process in S5.

FIG. 7 shows the burner fan control processing in S5 and S11. In S45, the ON time and the OFF time for the intermittent breeze operation time are set for a predetermined time (for example, the ON time is set to 0.5 second). , OFF time 1.5 seconds)
After that, the process proceeds to S46, where it is detected whether or not FLG is set.
To determine whether the incineration burners 13 and 14 are burning or not.
If the fire is being extinguished, proceed to S48 and burner fans 15, 16
Is fully opened and the process is terminated.

On the other hand, if the incineration burner is extinguishing in step S47, the flow proceeds to step S49 to control the rotation of the burner fans 15, 16 for the time set in step S45, and then proceeds to step S50 to detect the batch detected in step S2. If it is the second batch or later, the time from the end of the forced ignition time, which has started counting in S23 of FIG. 4 in S51 to S53, is detected in S51 to S53, and in S54 to S56 in accordance with this time. Go ahead and set the ON time to a preset time to set the burner fans 15 and 1
After controlling the rotation speed of No. 6, the process proceeds to S57 in FIG.

Then, in S57, it is detected whether or not the dust amount check time counted in S25 in FIG. 4 has expired. If the dust amount check time has ended, the process ends, and if it is within the time, the process proceeds to S58. It is detected whether or not the temperature change of the exhaust gas passing through the upper flue 7 is an upward gradient.
Then, it is determined whether the exhaust gas temperature in the upper flue 7 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 450 ° C.), and if not, the process proceeds to S60 to set the OFF time of the burner fans 15 and 16 to the predetermined time ( After shortening the rotation speed and increasing the rotation speed, the process proceeds to S61, where it is detected whether or not the current OFF time of the burner fans 15, 16 is shorter than a predetermined time (for example, 30 ms). If not, the process proceeds to S62. After the predetermined time is set, the process ends.

If the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the upper stack 7 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature in step S59, it is turned off in step S61.
If the time is the predetermined time, the process ends.

On the other hand, if the exhaust gas temperature is an upward gradient in S58, the process proceeds to S63, in which it is detected whether the exhaust gas temperature passing through the upper flue gas 7 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 350 ° C.). If the temperature is equal to or more than the temperature, the process proceeds to S64 and the OFF time of the burner fans 15, 16 is set to a predetermined time (for example, 8 m
s) After setting the length longer, proceed to S65, where the current OFF time of the burner fans 15, 16 is a predetermined time (for example, 15).
0 ms) or less, and if not less than the predetermined time, S
Proceeding to 66, set the OFF time to a predetermined time (for example, 150 m
s) and the process ends.

If the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the upper stack 7 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature in step S63, the process proceeds to step S67, in which the burner fans 15 and 16 are fully opened, and the process is terminated. If the time is equal to or shorter than the predetermined time, the process ends.

By controlling the rotation of the burner fans 15 and 16, even when the incineration material has a low possibility of stably generating smoke and the incineration material is actively burning and the temperature rise is large, If the incineration burner is extinguished, the burner fan is fully opened to actively supply air for combustion to the incinerated material, thereby promoting the burning of the incinerated material while preventing the generation of smoke. The time can be reduced.

If the temperature in the combustion chamber is likely to rise in a short time due to heat generated in the second batch or later of the incineration operation, after the ignition processing of the incineration by the forced ignition of the incineration burner is completed,
The number of revolutions of the burner fan rises with the passage of time, and the amount of air blown to the incinerated material is increased to promote the combustion of the incinerated material.
The operation time can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, the control of the burner fan according to the batch and the control of the burner fan based on the detection of the exhaust gas temperature are combined. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the above embodiment, the number of revolutions is controlled by controlling the on / off time of the burner fans 15 and 16. However, the number of revolutions is controlled by phase control or the like, A damper or the like may be provided, and the amount of air blown may be controlled by controlling the damper.

The time, temperature and the like in the above embodiment are not limited to these, but may be set as appropriate according to the capacity of each combustion chamber and the specifications of the burner, blower and the like.

[0043]

According to the method of the present invention, when the burning of the incinerated material is stable and the possibility of generating smoke is low, the amount of air blown by the burner fan is increased to promote the burning of the incinerated material. Thus, the operation time can be reduced.

According to the method of the present invention, the amount of air blown by the burner fan is increased and the exhaust gas temperature is reduced when the incineration burner is extinguished, even when the incineration material is actively burning and there is a high possibility of generating smoke. It is possible to prevent the generation of smoke due to the decrease and to reduce the operation time by maintaining the combustion of the incinerated material.

Further, according to the method of the present invention, in the case where the burning of the incinerated material is highly active and there is a high possibility of generating smoke, and when the incineration operation is the second and subsequent batches, the burner is operated in accordance with the elapse of a preset time. By gradually increasing the amount of air blown by the fan, it is possible to prevent the generation of smoke and promote the burning of the incinerated material.

Further, according to the present invention, when the incineration operation is performed for the second and subsequent batches, the air flow rate of the burner fan is gradually increased in accordance with the elapse of a preset time, and then the exhaust gas temperature passing through the flue is reduced. By properly controlling the amount of air blown by the burner fan in accordance with the situation, it is possible to supply appropriate combustion air in accordance with the combustion conditions of the incineration material, and to promote efficient incineration while preventing the generation of smoke. You can do it.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of an incinerator.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a specific example of a control system.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart in a specific example of a control system.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart in a specific example of a control system.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart in a specific example of a control system.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart in a specific example of a control system.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart in a specific example of a control system.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart in a specific example of a control system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Primary combustion chamber 6 Secondary combustion chamber 7 Upper flue 8 Lower flue 13 Upper incineration burner 14 Lower incineration burner 15 Burner fan 16 Burner fan 20 Smokeless burner 25 Exhaust stack 10

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A primary combustion chamber into which an incineration material is charged and incinerated by an incineration burner, and disposed adjacent to the primary combustion chamber, and exhaust gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber is introduced through a flue. And a secondary combustion chamber that exhausts from the exhaust stack to the outside after being incinerated by a smokeless burner, and incinerators each equipped with a burner fan for each burner, igniting the incineration burner after starting operation After performing the ignition process on the incineration material, the incineration burner is flashed according to the exhaust gas temperature passing through the flue, and the change in the exhaust gas temperature is detected after the ignition process on the incineration material. A burner fan control method for an incinerator burner, wherein the burner fan is fully opened if the temperature change is within a preset inclination. 2. The incineration according to claim 1, wherein the burner fan is fully opened when the incineration burner is extinguished, even when the temperature change is outside a preset inclination range. Burner fan control method for incineration burner of the machine. 3. When the temperature change is outside the preset inclination range, and when the incineration operation is performed for the second and subsequent batches, the amount of air blown by the burner fan is increased according to the elapse of the preset time. The burner fan control method for an incineration burner of an incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that it is characterized in that: 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operation is performed in a second batch or later, and after the air flow rate of the burner fan is increased in accordance with the time, when a predetermined time elapses from the start of the operation, the operation is performed in accordance with the exhaust gas temperature passing through the flue. The method of controlling a burner fan for an incinerator burner of an incinerator according to claim 3, wherein the amount of air blown by the burner fan is controlled.