JPH11266574A - Permanent magnet type motor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a permanent magnet type motor capable of reducing the number of winding steps without deteriorating the starting characteristics. SOLUTION: The first stator coils 12U to 12W of the U to W phases are sequentially shifted by one slot with respect to a stator core 11, and are arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically. Phase stator coils 13U to 13W, 14U
To 14W and 15U to 15W are sequentially shifted by one slot and arranged in a spiral, and the last U to W phase stator coils 16U to 16W are sequentially shifted by one slot and arranged concentrically or concentrically. I do. As a result, it is not necessary to perform the lifting coil on the first stator coils 12U to 12W, and the number of winding steps can be reduced.
Also, the inductances of the first stator coils 12U to 12W and the last stator coils 16U to 16W are canceled out and become substantially equal to the other stator coils 13U to 13W, 14U to 14W, and 15U to 15W.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a permanent magnet motor having an improved arrangement of stator coils.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Assuming that a motor starting current i (A) is constant, a rising time t (s) of a starting current of a permanent magnet motor is a motor terminal voltage V (V) and an inductance L (H) of a stator coil. Depends on That is, the rise time t (s) is proportional to iL / V. Therefore,
In a permanent magnet type motor where a steep rise is required, it depends on how the inductance of the stator coil can be reduced. In such a high-speed response permanent magnet type motor, a spiral winding method is used in which the variation in inductance due to the arrangement of the U, V, W phase coils in the slots of the stator is small, taking three phases as an example. Have been.

FIG. 3 shows a conventional spiral winding system.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 3, the stator 1 includes slots # 1 (# 1) to # 15 (# 15
No.)) The coils 3U, 3V, 3D of the first coil of the U, V, and W phases are attached to the stator core 2 having 15 slots.
The coils 7U, 7V, 7W of the third coil to the fifth coil are arranged from the slot inside (slot opening side) to the slot outside (slot bottom side) (or from the slot outside to the slot inside). Therefore, the coil 3
When the U, 3V, 3W to 7U, 7V, 7W are put in the slots, as shown in FIG. 4, the first (first coil) coils 3U, 3V, 3W have one side and the other side. The sides are sequentially placed in slots # 4, # 5, and # 6, and one side is held on the side of the hole 2a for accommodating the permanent magnet rotor. Then, the coils 4U, 4V, and 4W of the second coil
The coils 7U, 7V, and 7W of the fifth to fifth coils are sequentially spirally housed in the slots, and after the last (fifth coil) coils 7U, 7V, and 7W are housed in the slots, as shown in FIG. Of the coils 3U, 3V, and 3W are sequentially placed in slots # 1, # 2, and # 3.

[0004]

In the conventional spiral winding system, one side of the first coil 3U, 3V, 3W is held in the hole 2a side until the last coil 7Ua, 7V, 7W is housed in the slot. Since it is necessary to perform a deep-floating coil, there is a problem that the efficiency of coil placement becomes poor due to manual work. In particular, when a small permanent magnet rotor is used to reduce inertia like a servomotor, the diameter of the hole 2a becomes small, so that it becomes difficult to perform the operation remarkably.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet type motor capable of reducing the number of winding steps without deteriorating the starting characteristics.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a permanent magnet type motor comprising a permanent magnet rotor having P poles (P is an even number of 2 or more) and an m phase (m is an integer of 2 or more) P poles. And a stator core having A slots (A is m × P + K, K is an integer satisfying 1 ≦ K ≦ m) and A stator coils, and the stator coils are In a permanent magnet type motor having a stator wound in two layers around a slot of an iron core, B stator coils (B is m ≦ B ≦ 2m) are arranged concentrically or concentrically. ) And C coils (C
Is an integer which satisfies m ≦ C ≦ (A−m) (where A = B + C).

According to such a configuration, the B coils are arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically.
It is possible to avoid a fried coil that holds the coil outside the slot, and it is possible to reduce the number of winding steps. The B coils arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically have different magnetic circuits depending on their arrangement positions. However, the coils located inside the slot and the coils located outside the slot cancel each other out to reduce the inductance. It can be kept almost equal.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet type motor, the stator coil comprises three phases of U, V, and W phases, and a U-phase coil, a V-phase coil, and a W-phase coil are provided in slots of the stator core. , And the last set of U, V, and W phase coils is characterized in that it is stored in the order of a W phase coil, a V phase coil, and a U phase coil.

According to such a configuration, the U, V, and W phase coils to be stored first in the slot and the U, V, and W phase coils to be stored last in the slot.
Since the W-phase coil is symmetrical in the slot, the inductance can be kept more uniform.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a permanent magnet type motor having a P pole (P is an even number of 2 or more) and a m-phase (m is an integer of 2 or more) P pole. Pieces (D is mx
P) A permanent magnet type motor comprising a stator core having a slot of D) and D stator coils, wherein the stator coil is provided with a stator coil wound in two layers around slots of the stator core. E coils (E is an integer satisfying m ≦ E ≦ 2m) arranged concentrically or concentrically and F coils (F is m ≦ F ≦ ( (An integer that satisfies Dm)) (where D = E + F). According to such a configuration, the same operation and effect as those of the permanent magnet type motor according to the first aspect can be obtained.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a permanent magnet type motor characterized in that the direction of energization of the stator coil is reversed, and the permanent magnet rotor is configured to swing in a forward / backward direction by a predetermined angle. According to such a configuration, the same operation and effect as those of the permanent magnet type motor according to the first aspect can be obtained even with a swing type permanent magnet type motor.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The stator core 11 is formed by laminating a number of silicon steel plates, and is # 1 (“1”).
It has fifteen slots from No.) slot to # 15 ("No. 15") slot, and has a hole 11a for disposing a permanent magnet rotor (not shown) in the center. The stator coils are m-phase, for example, U, V, W
From the coils 12U, 12V, 12W of the first coil of the phase to 5
It is composed of fifteen coils 16U, 16V, and 16W, and is wound around the stator core 11 in the order described below to form the stator 17.

The first (first coil) coil 12U of the U phase
Is outside the # 1 slot on one side (bottom of slot)
And the other side is housed outside the # 4 slot, and arranged concentrically or concentrically. Next, the V-phase coil 12V has one side in the # 2 slot. It is housed slightly outside and the other side is housed outside the # 5 slot, and is arranged concentrically or concentrically, and the W-phase coil 12W has one side inside the # 3 slot. And the other side portion is accommodated outside the # 6 slot and arranged concentrically or concentrically.

The U-phase second coil 13U has one side accommodated inside the # 4 slot (slot opening side) and the other side accommodated outside the # 7 slot.
It is arranged in a spiral, and then the V phase coil 13V
Are arranged spirally, with one side being accommodated inside the # 5 slot and the other side being accommodated outside the # 8 slot. Further, the W-phase coil 13W has
It is housed inside the six slots and the other side is housed outside the # 9 slot, and is arranged in a spiral.

The U-phase third coil 14U has one side portion inside the # 7 slot and the other side portion # 1.
The V-phase coil 14V is housed inside the # 8 slot and the other side is housed inside the # 11 slot, and the other side is housed outside the # 11 slot. It is stored, arranged in a spiral shape,
The W-phase coils 14W are arranged spirally, with one side being accommodated inside the # 9 slot and the other side being accommodated outside the # 12 slot.

The coil 15U of the U-phase fourth coil has one side portion accommodated inside the # 10 slot and the other side portion ##
The V-phase coil 15V is accommodated outside the 13 slots and arranged in a spiral shape.
It is housed inside the slot and the other side is housed outside in the # 14 slot and arranged in a spiral. Further, the W-phase coil 15W is housed inside one side in the # 12 slot. In addition, the other side portion is accommodated outside the # 15 slot and arranged in a spiral shape.

The last (first coil) coil 16U of the U phase
Are arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically, with one side housed inside the # 13 slot and the other side housed slightly outside in the # 1 slot. The coil 16V is arranged such that one side is accommodated inside the # 14 slot and the other side is accommodated in the center of the # 2 slot, and is arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically. The coils 16W are arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically, with one side being accommodated inside the # 15 slot and the other side being accommodated inside the # 3 slot. As described above, the 15 coils 12U to 16W are sequentially arranged on the stator core 11 so as to be shifted by one slot.
It is wound in two layers.

The stator 17 constructed as described above is used.
Satisfies the following relational expression. That is,
The number of poles of a permanent magnet rotor (not shown) is P (an even number of 2 or more), the number of phases of the stator coil is m (an integer of 2 or more), the number of stator coils and the number of slots of the stator 17 are A, and concentric. When the number of coils arranged approximately or concentrically is B and the number of coils arranged spirally is C, A = m × P + K (1 ≦ K ≦ m) m ≦ B ≦ 2 mm ≦ C ≦ (A−m) A = B + C

In this embodiment, P = 4, m = 3,
K = 3, A = 15, B = 6 (coils 12U to 12W, 16U to 16W), C = 9 (coils 13U to 13W, 14U to 14W, 15U to 15W)
Is set to

The stator 17 is fixed in the frame, the permanent magnet rotor is housed in the hole 11a of the stator 17, and the rotating shaft of the permanent magnet rotor is mounted on the bearing bracket. Thus, a permanent magnet type motor is constituted.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, the first set of coils 12U to 12W and the last set of coils 16U
U to 16W are arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically, and the second coil, the third coil and the fourth coil
3U to 13W, 14U to 14W and 15U to 15
Since W is arranged in a spiral shape, unlike the conventional case, the first coils 12U to 12W do not need to be lifted coils, so that the number of winding steps can be reduced accordingly and the efficiency of coil storage can be improved. can do. According to experiments performed by the present inventors, the conventional man-hour for winding was reduced to 10 times.
If it is 0%, the winding man-hour of this embodiment is 70%,
A 30% reduction effect was observed.

In a concentric or approximate concentric arrangement of coils, the inductance of the coil becomes larger because the magnetic circuit differs depending on the position of the coil, so that the coil accommodated outside the slot becomes larger. According to the present embodiment, the first coils 12U to 12W arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically are accommodated from the outside inside the slot. Since the last coils 16U to 16W are housed from the inside of the slot, they cancel each other, and the inductance is reduced by the other spirally arranged coils 13U to 16W.
U to 13W, 14U to 14W and 5U to 15W can be kept substantially equal, and therefore, the starting characteristics of the permanent magnet type motor are not deteriorated.

Further, conventionally, the first coils 3U to 3U
Since one side of W is held outside the slot, it is necessary to lengthen the coil end. However, in this embodiment, the coil end can be shortened without this, the motor efficiency is good, and the temperature rise is small. Things.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only the different parts will be described below. In the second embodiment, the order in which the last coils 16U to 16W are wound around the stator core 11 is different from that of the first embodiment.

That is, the last (first coil) coil 16W of the W-phase has one side portion accommodated slightly outside in the # 15 slot and the other side portion accommodated in the center of the # 3 slot.
The V-phase coil 16V is arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically. Next, one side of the coil 16V is accommodated slightly inside the # 14 slot and the other side is accommodated slightly inside the # 2 slot. The U-phase coil 16U is concentrically or concentrically arranged, and one side of the coil 16U is placed inside the # 13 slot and the other side is placed inside the # 1 slot. And are arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically.

According to the second embodiment, the first set of coils 12U to 12W includes the coils 12U and 12W.
V, 12W in the order from the outside in the slot,
The last set of coils 16U to 16W
W, 16V, and 16U are accommodated from the inside of the slot in the order and are symmetrical in the slot. Can be made uniform, and thus the inductance can be made more uniform as a whole.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above and shown in the drawings, and the following expansions and modifications are possible. In the first and second embodiments, for example, the fourth coils 15U to 15W are omitted and
It may be modified as two slots and twelve stator coils. In this case, the stator is set so as to satisfy the following relational expression. That is, the number of poles of the permanent magnet rotor is P (2
Above), the number of stator coil phases is m (an integer of 2 or more), the number of stator coils and the number of stator slots are D, and coils arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically Assuming that the number is E and the number of coils arranged in a spiral is F, D = m × Pm ≦ E ≦ 2 mm mm ≦ FC ≦ (D−m) D = E + F In the above modification, P = 4, m = 3, D = 12, and E = 6 (coils 12U to 12
W, 16U-16W), F = 6 (coils 13U-13
W, 14U to 14W).

Further, the present invention can be applied to an oscillating permanent magnet type motor in which the direction of energization of the stator coil is reversed and the permanent magnet rotor rotates forward and backward by a predetermined angle. By doing so, the first and second motors can be used even in the case of the oscillating permanent magnet type motor.
The same operation and effect as those of the embodiment are obtained.

[0029]

As is apparent from the above description, in the permanent magnet type motor of the present invention, the stator coils are arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically, and spirally. Since the coil is constituted by the coil, it is possible to avoid the fried coil which holds the coil outside the slot, and it is possible to reduce the number of winding man-hours. An excellent effect that the inductance of the coil arranged concentrically or approximately concentrically and the coil arranged in another spiral shape can be kept substantially equal, and the starting characteristic is not deteriorated. Obtainable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a stator showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a conventional example.

FIG. 4 is a diagram (part 1) corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 (2) for explaining the operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

In the drawing, 11 is a stator core, 12U to 16U are U-phase stator coils, 12V to 16V are V-phase stator coils, 1
2W to 16W indicate a W-phase stator coil, and 17 indicates a stator.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A permanent magnet rotor having P poles (P is an even number of 2 or more) and A poles (A is m × P + K, K corresponding to m phases (m is an integer of 2 or more) P poles) Is an integer that satisfies 1 ≦ K ≦ m), and A stator coils are provided, and the stator coil is provided with a stator wound in two layers around the slots of the stator core. In the permanent magnet type motor, the stator coil includes B coils (B is an integer satisfying m ≦ B ≦ 2m) arranged concentrically or concentrically, and C coils arranged spirally. (C is m ≦ C ≦
(An integer satisfying (A−m)) (where A = B + C). 2. The stator coil has three phases of U, V, and W phases, and is put in a slot of a stator core in the order of a U-phase coil, a V-phase coil, and a W-phase coil.
The U-, V-, and W-phase coils of the set are a W-phase coil, a V-phase coil,
2. The permanent magnet type motor according to claim 1, wherein the motors are arranged in the order of U-phase coils. 3. A permanent magnet rotor having P poles (P is an even number of 2 or more) and D (D is m × P) P poles corresponding to m phases (m is an integer of 2 or more) P poles. A permanent magnet type motor comprising a stator core having a slot and D stator coils, wherein the stator coil is provided with a stator coil wound in two layers around slots of the stator core; E coils (E is an integer satisfying m ≦ E ≦ 2m) arranged concentrically or concentrically, and F coils (F is m ≦ F ≦
(Where D is an integer that satisfies (D−m)) (where D = E + F). 4. The current-carrying direction of the stator coil is reversed,
The permanent magnet type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the permanent magnet rotor is configured as a swing type that rotates forward and backward by a predetermined angle.