JPH11285174A - Charger and discharge for storage battery and self-completing cogeneration device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charger and a discharger which are capable of rapidly conducting charging/discharging according to the magnitude of charging/ discharging, and a self-completing cogeneration system capable of improving total efficiency and reducing the equipment capacity. SOLUTION: These charger and discharger are provided with a cooling means 54 cooling a storage battery 4 to its temperature suitable for charging/ discharging power, and this self-completing congeneration system is provided with a storage battery involving these charger and discharger, a generator for supplying electric power to power load, an exhaust heat recovery means for recovering exhaust heat of a heat engine for driving the generator, and a controller which stores surplus power to the storage battery, if the power consumption of the power load is less than the rated output of the generator, and supplies undercurrent by the use of the electric power stored in the storage battery, if the electric power consumption of the power load exceeds the rated output.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a battery charging device or discharging device and a self-contained cogeneration system using the charging device or discharging device (generally referred to as a cogeneration system).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A cogeneration system that has recently attracted attention is a system that effectively utilizes waste heat generated during power generation. In the cogeneration system, the thermal energy possessed by the exhaust gas discharged from the heat engine that drives the generator is recovered and effectively used as exhaust heat, so that the energy utilization efficiency is high.

Conventionally used cogeneration systems include:
Since the generator is operated according to the power consumption of the power load, a large capacity generator corresponding to the maximum power consumption is provided. When the power consumption is small, the generator is operated with a small load. A heat engine that drives a generator, such as a gas turbine that uses fuel gas, is most efficient when operated at a specific output, and decreases in low load operation. Furthermore, operation cannot be performed at extremely low loads. Therefore, when the power consumption of the power load exceeds a certain amount, the power purchase is also used, and at midnight when the power consumption of the power load is extremely low,
The generator is stopped and switched to power purchase.

In recent years, introduction of an independent power supply system has been considered. This was due to the deregulation of the Electricity Business Law, which allowed non-general electric utilities to enter the electricity business. As a form of entry into such an electric power business, for example, there is a specific point supply in which an area to supply electricity is limited. In such a case, the supplier supplying the electricity cannot receive the electricity supply from the general electric utility except at the time of backup such as accident or periodic inspection. Therefore, the electricity supplier in the specific area is obliged to supply all electricity according to the demand of electricity, and therefore, the supplier who intends to provide such a system is required to supply the electricity from the commercial power supply except in a special case such as failure. A power supply system that operates without receiving power
That is, it is necessary to adopt a self-contained system.

In the case of such a self-contained system, a device having a constant power generation capacity is provided and surplus power is stored when the power consumption of the power load is small, and the stored power is insufficient when the power consumption of the power load is large. It is necessary to supplement the power.
The storage battery used for power storage has a large charge capacity (the amount of power stored per unit weight or capacity). When the charge power for charging the storage battery or the discharge power supplied from the storage battery to the power load is large, When the power is small, it is required to charge / discharge at a speed corresponding to the power.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a charging device and a discharging device which can be charged / discharged quickly according to the magnitude of the charging / discharging power, as well as to improve the overall efficiency and reduce the equipment capacity. To provide a self-contained cogeneration system that can be made compact.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a storage battery, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the storage battery, cooling means for cooling the storage battery, charging means for charging the storage battery with variable charging power, and charging means. And the output of the temperature sensor
And a control means for cooling the storage battery by the cooling means.

According to the present invention, the storage battery is provided with a temperature sensor, a cooling means, and a charging means. When it is detected that the charging power is large as an output of the charging means, the temperature of the storage battery is adjusted to a temperature corresponding to the temperature. The cooling means is operated so as to cool the storage battery. As a result, surplus power generated by the generator or the like is quickly charged.

The present invention also provides a storage battery, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the storage battery, cooling means for cooling the storage battery,
A discharge means interposed between the storage battery and the load, wherein the discharge power of the storage battery is variable; and a control means responsive to the outputs of the discharge means and the temperature sensor for cooling the storage battery by the cooling means. It is a storage battery discharging device.

According to the present invention, the storage battery is provided with a temperature sensor, a cooling means, and a discharging means. When a large discharge power is detected as an output of the discharging means, the temperature of the storage battery is adjusted to a temperature corresponding to the output. The cooling means is operated so as to cool the storage battery. Thus, the power supplied to the power load is quickly discharged.

The present invention also provides a storage battery, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the storage battery, cooling means for cooling the storage battery,
A charging means for charging a storage battery, the charging power of which is variable, a discharging means interposed between the storage battery and the load, and a discharging means of which the discharging power of the storage battery is variable, and a control means, wherein the charging means, the discharging means and And a control means for cooling the storage battery by a cooling means in response to an output of the temperature sensor.

According to the present invention, the storage battery is provided with the temperature sensor, the cooling means, the charging means, and the discharging means, and it is detected that the charging power or the discharging power is large as the output of the charging means or the discharging means. Then, the cooling means operates to cool the storage battery so that the temperature of the storage battery becomes a temperature corresponding thereto. Thereby, charging / discharging is performed promptly.

The present invention also provides a self-contained combined heat and power supply having a generator for supplying electric power to a power load, a heat engine for driving the generator, and a waste heat recovery means for recovering waste heat generated in the heat engine. An apparatus comprising the charging device and the discharging device or the charging / discharging device, wherein when power consumption of a power load is less than a specific output of a generator, surplus power from the generator is stored in a storage battery; And another control means for supplying insufficient power from the storage battery when the power exceeds the specific output of the generator.

The specific output used herein is generally the most efficient rated output that is less than the maximum output, but is not limited to this. In addition, the specific output is often set to a constant value that does not change with time, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the specific output can be set to change with time.

A self-contained cogeneration system according to the present invention is provided with a storage battery having the charging device and the discharging device or the charging / discharging device. For this reason, the generator is always operated at a specific output, and when surplus power is generated, the temperature of the storage battery is adjusted to a temperature corresponding to the surplus power and stored in the storage battery. The electric power stored in the storage battery at a temperature suitable for is supplied to the electric power load. Therefore, the storage battery is charged / discharged at the optimum temperature.
This eliminates the need for a large-capacity generator that can supply the maximum power consumption and a large-capacity heat engine that drives the generator, and can reduce the installed capacity. Further, since the generator is always operated with the specific output, the efficiency of the heat engine and the generator can be increased, and the energy can be converted with high efficiency including the exhaust heat recovery means. In addition, if this system is used, the generator can be stopped at midnight when the power load is extremely small, and power can be supplied only from the storage battery.

The generator used in the present invention may be either an AC generator or a DC generator. When an AC generator is used, it is necessary to convert AC into DC with a converter in order to provide power to the storage battery. If a commercially available electric device is used as the power load, it is necessary to convert DC from the storage battery to AC with an inverter. Using a DC generator eliminates the need for a converter, and using a DC power load eliminates the need for an inverter.

Although the heat engine used in the present invention is not particularly limited, a gas turbine using city gas to which fuel is stably supplied is preferable because of its simple structure and easy handling.

The present invention also relates to a self-contained cogeneration system comprising a fuel cell for supplying electric power to an electric load and exhaust heat recovery means for recovering exhaust heat generated in the fuel cell. When the power consumption of the power load is less than the specific output of the fuel cell, the surplus power from the fuel cell is stored in the storage battery, and the power consumption of the power load exceeds the specific output of the fuel cell. And another control means for supplying insufficient power from a storage battery.

According to the present invention, the power supplied to the power load is generated by the fuel cell. The fuel cell is also operated at a specific output. Surplus power is detected by the charging means,
The temperature of the storage battery is cooled to a temperature corresponding to the temperature by the cooling means and stored in the storage battery, the insufficient power is detected by the discharging means, and the temperature of the temperature storage battery corresponding to the temperature is cooled by the cooling means and supplied to the power load. Power generation by a fuel cell has less moving parts and less noise than power generation by driving a generator with a heat engine such as a gas turbine. Also, the energy conversion efficiency is high. Since the power generated by the fuel cell is DC power, a converter is not required. No inverter is required for DC power loads.

[0020]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a self-contained cogeneration system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system 1 includes an AC generator 2 that supplies power to the power load 10 via a line 82, a gas turbine 3 that drives the AC generator 2, a storage battery 4, and an exhaust heat recovery unit 22. The power generated by the AC generator 2 may be substantially the same voltage and frequency as the commercial power, for example, 100 V,
60 Hz. The fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source 5 through a pipe 84, the flow rate is controlled by a flow control device 6, and the fuel gas is burned in a combustor 7. The hot combustion gas drives the turbine 8. The alternator 2 and the compressor 9 are directly connected to the turbine 8, and the compressor 9 pressurizes air,
The air is sent to the combustor 7 and becomes combustion air. The alternator 2
An AC having a constant frequency is generated by keeping the rotation speed constant. For this reason, the gas turbine 3 keeps the rotation speed constant, and the flow rate of the fuel gas is controlled by the flow control device 6 according to the output torque. Exhaust heat of the exhaust gas of the turbine 8 is recovered by the exhaust heat recovery means 22 via the pipe 86.

As shown in FIG. 2, the storage battery 4 includes a plurality of rectangular plate-shaped battery cells 101-1, 101-2,... Each cell 101 is housed in a rectangular parallelepiped battery case 45 so as to face in the vertical direction. The battery case 45 is provided with a thermometer 52 and the battery case 4.
The temperature in 5 is measured. At the bottom of the battery case 45,
A cooling means 54 including a blower 56 and a heat exchanger 58 is provided, and an exhaust hole is provided in the upper part 50.

A converter 12 and an inverter 14 are arranged between the storage battery 4 and the power load 10. The converter 12 converts AC power into DC power, and is activated when a part of the AC power supplied to the power load 10 is stored in the storage battery 4. In addition, the inverter 14
Converts DC power into AC power, and is activated when the power stored in the storage battery 4 is supplied to the power load 10.

Between the generator 2 and the power load 10, there is provided a first open / close switch 1 which is turned on by a synchronization input device 16.
8 are provided. Further, a second open / close switch 20 that is turned on by the synchronization input device 16 is disposed between the inverter 14 and the power load 10. Synchronous input device 16
Supplies the AC power from the inverter 14 to the load 1 while the power is supplied from the AC generator 2 to the power load 10.
0 or when power is being supplied from the inverter 14 to the power load 10.
This is activated when the AC power from is supplied to the load 10. The synchronization input device 16 detects the voltage, frequency, and phase of the AC power from the AC generator 2 and the AC power from the inverter 14, and when the voltages substantially coincide with each other, the first open / close switch 18 (from the inverter 14). The second open / close switch 20 (when supplying power from the inverter 14 in addition to the power from the AC generator 2) is closed (ON) when the power from the AC generator 2 is supplied in addition to the power.
To

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the control means 42. The power consumption L of the power load 10 is detected by the power meter 44 and sent to the control means 42. Battery case 4
5 is measured by a thermometer 52,
Sent to 2. The control means 42 responds to the signals from the wattmeter 44 and the thermometer 52 to change the alternator 2, the flow control device 6, the converter 12, the inverter 14, the synchronization input device 16, the cooling means 54, and the on / off switches 18, 2.
0 and 24 are operated and controlled. That is, the control means 42
In connection with the alternator 2, an actuation signal is generated when the alternator 2 is activated, and an increase signal is associated with the flow control device 6 when increasing the output of the alternator 2, and an output of the alternator 2 is increased. When it is reduced, a decrease signal is generated. Further, this control means 42
When the AC power from the generator 2 is stored in the storage battery 4, a storage signal is generated, and the storage battery 4 and the converter 1
2 is connected to the storage battery 4 by the movable piece 23.
Connected to the inverter 14, generates a transmission signal when the electric power stored in the storage battery 4 is transmitted to the power load 10 in relation to the inverter 14, and generates a contact signal between the storage battery 4 and the inverter.
1 is connected to the storage battery 4 by the movable piece 23,
Power from the storage battery 4 in addition to the power from
When the power is supplied to the load 10, or when the power from the generator 2 is supplied to the load 10 in addition to the power from the storage battery 4, the control means 42 generates an input signal and sends the signal to the synchronous input device 16.

Further, the control means 42 calculates the difference between the specific output of the alternator 2 and the power consumption L of the power load 2 according to the signal from the wattmeter 44, and uses the difference as charging power or discharging power. The temperature of the storage battery 4 corresponding to this electric power is calculated, and a cooling signal is generated so that the temperature in the battery case 45 becomes equal to the calculated temperature, and is sent to the cooling means 54.

As described above, the present system 1 is used as a self-contained system. However, when normal operation such as inspection or failure of the system is not possible, although not shown, the system 1 is electrically connected to a general commercial power supply. , And the power from the commercial power supply may be supplied to the power load 10.

Next, control of the self-contained cogeneration system 1 of the present invention by the control means 42 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. In the present embodiment,
The alternator 2 is normally operated at a specific output, and the power load 1
When the power consumption of the AC generator 2 is smaller than the specific output of the AC generator 2, surplus power from the AC generator 2 is stored in the storage battery 4, and when the power consumption of the power load 10 exceeds the specific output, the power from the storage battery 4 is reduced. 10 is supplied. Therefore,
Normally, the first open / close switch 18 is maintained in a closed state.

More specifically, in step a2, the power load 10
Is equal to the specific output W of the alternator 2, the electric power generated by the alternator 2 and the electric power consumption of the electric power load 10 are equal. And is consumed by the power load 10.
Therefore, the control unit 42 does not generate the storage signal and the feed signal, and the first open / close switch 18 is closed in step a3, and the second and third open / close switches 20 and
24 is open, and converter 12 and inverter 14 are inactive.

If L ≠ W in step a2, step a
It is determined at step 5 whether L <W or L> W, and when L <W, it is determined at step a6 whether L ≦ W0 or L> W0. L <W is a nighttime low power usage period, and L ≦ W0 corresponds to a late night power minimum usage period. When W>L> W0, the process proceeds to step a7, the third open / close switch 24 is closed, and the process proceeds to step a8, where the control means 42 generates a storage signal and sends it to the converter 12. Thus, converter 12 operates, surplus AC power of the power from generator 2 is converted into DC power, and the converted power is charged in storage battery 4. In step a9, whether or not the charging of the storage battery 4 is completed is determined based on the temperature of the storage battery and the like. When the charging is completed, a charging signal is transmitted from the storage battery 4 to the control means 42, and the control means 42 is controlled based on the charging signal. Has finished generating the stored signal,
As a result, charging of the storage battery 4 is stopped. After the charging of the storage battery 4 is completed, the process proceeds to step a10, the second open / close switch 24 is opened, and the process proceeds to step a11. In response to the increase or decrease of the power load 10, the increase or decrease is smaller than the specific output of the generator 2. Control means 42)
Generates an increase signal and a decrease signal. When the increase signal (or the decrease signal) is generated, the gas supply amount by the flow control device 6 increases (or decreases), the power generation amount of the AC generator 2 increases (or decreases), and the AC generator 2 Generates power corresponding to the power consumption of the load 10.

At step a5, it is determined that L> W. That is, when the power consumption of the power load 10 becomes larger than the specific output of the alternator 2 (for example, during a daytime large power use period), the process proceeds to step a12, where the control unit 42 generates a transmission signal and To be sent to Thus, the inverter 14 is operated, the DC power from the storage battery 4 is converted into AC power, and the process proceeds to step a13, where the control means 42 generates a closing signal and sends the closing signal to the synchronous closing device 16. . Thus, the synchronization input device 16
Operates, and the AC power from the AC generator 2 and the inverter 1
4 detects the voltage, frequency, and phase of the AC power, and closes the second switch 20 when they match (this second switch 20 opens when the supply of power from the inverter 14 is stopped). (OFF). Second
When the on / off switch 20 is closed, the electric circuit from the AC generator 2 and the electric circuit from the inverter 14 are electrically connected, and the AC power from the inverter 14 is added to the AC power from the AC generator 2. The power is supplied to the power load 10, and the power shortage of the generator 2 is supplemented by the power from the storage battery 4. Thus, the generator 2 and the storage battery 4 are combined to replenish the capacity shortage of the generator 2 with the storage battery 4, so that the capacity of the generator 2 itself, that is, the generator and its related facilities are reduced. And the cost of the entire system can be reduced.

To operate the system more efficiently, the following is preferred. That is, step a6
When it is determined that L.ltoreq.W0 (for example, when the power is minimally used at midnight), the alternator 2 is stopped and power is supplied from the storage battery 4. In step a15, the AC power from the AC generator 2 is supplied to the first and third open / close switches 1
8 and 24 are closed, and it is confirmed that power is supplied to the storage battery 4 via the power load 10 and the converter 12. In step a16, the control means 42 stops generating the storage signal, generates a transmission signal, and transmits the signal to the inverter 14. Thereby, inverter 14 is operated, and DC power from storage battery 4 is converted to AC power. Proceeding to step a17, the control means 42 generates an input signal and sends the input signal to the synchronous input device 16. Thus, the synchronization input device 16 operates, and when the voltage, frequency, and phase of the AC power from the AC generator 2 and the AC power from the inverter 14 substantially match, the synchronization input device 16
The open / close switch is closed, and the first and third switches are set in step a18.
Open / close switches 18 and 24 are opened. Thus, the power supplied to the power load 10 is switched from the power of the AC generator 2 to the power via the inverter 14 from the storage battery 4 without an instantaneous power failure. Next, in step a19, the control means 42
Stop generating the activation signal. When the operation signal is no longer generated, the operation of the AC generator 2 is stopped, and the supply of the fuel gas is stopped by the flow control device 6. This state corresponds to step a2
0 and continues for L ≦ W0.

If the power consumption of the power load 10 increases from the above state and L ≦ W0 is denied in step a20,
Proceeding to step a21, the control means 42 generates an operation signal, whereby the flow control device 6 supplies the fuel gas from the gas supply source 5 to the combustor 7 for driving the AC generator 2, and Operates to generate AC power. Next, the process proceeds to step a22, where a closing signal is generated. Accordingly, the synchronization input device 16 closes the first open / close switch 18 when the voltage, frequency, and phase of the AC power from the AC generator 2 and the AC power from the inverter 14 substantially match, and the AC generator 2 The generated AC power is sent to the load 10. Next, the process proceeds to step a23 to stop the feed signal. As a result, the inverter 14 is deactivated,
Accordingly, the second open / close switch 20 is opened (OFF), and the supply of power from the storage battery 4 ends. Next, proceeding to step a24, the storage signal is generated by the control means 22,
Converter 12 is operated, and part of the AC power from generator 2 is stored in storage battery 4. Therefore, the power load 10
When the power consumption of the battery increases from the minimum to a small value, the power is supplied by the AC generator 2 instead of the storage battery 4.

The specific output of the alternator 2 in the present embodiment is a rated output that generally enables the most efficient operation. This is 70 to 80 of the maximum output of the alternator 2.
Often%. Therefore, assuming that the power consumption of the power load 10 is equal to the specific output of the AC generator 2, the power consumption between the rated output and the maximum output may be used. In this case, the control means 42 generates an increase signal or a decrease signal in accordance with the increase or decrease of the electric power load (the increase or decrease is an increase or decrease between the specific output of the generator 2 and the maximum output). As the fuel gas supply increases or decreases, the alternator 2 generates electric power corresponding to the electric power consumption of the load 10.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the charging power (or discharging power, the same applies hereinafter) and the temperature of the storage battery 4.
When the charging power increases, the charging resistance increases, so the storage battery 4
Temperature rises, and the charging speed decreases. The charging resistance (the internal resistance of the storage battery 4) decreases as the temperature decreases, as shown in FIG. Therefore, charging can be performed efficiently by cooling the storage battery 4 to a temperature corresponding to the charging power. The cooling of the storage battery 4 is performed by operating the cooling means 54 provided below the battery case 45 by the control means 42, and the result is confirmed by the thermometer 52.

The cooling means 54 includes, for example, a battery case 45
And a heat exchanger 58 that further cools the air from the blower 56 with a refrigerant, for example, cold water. The air from the blower 56 passes between the battery cells 101 and cools the battery cells 101, and cools the battery cells 101.
Emitted from 1. The charging power and the temperature corresponding to the charging power are specific to the storage battery 4 and are input to the control unit 42 in advance.

Next, the control of the cooling means 54 by the control means 42 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. In step b2, first, the power consumption L of the power load 10
Is compared with the specific output W of the alternator 2. When L> W, L−W is calculated, and this is set as discharge power, and W> L
When> W0, WL is calculated and used as charging power. When W0> L, L is used as discharging power, and the temperature T of the storage battery 4 corresponding to the charging power or discharging power is determined. You. When W = L, no charge / discharge is performed, and no cooling signal is generated. In step b3,
This temperature T is compared with the temperature t of the thermometer 52, and when T ≦ t, a cooling signal is generated in step b4 and the blower 56
Is operated, and the storage battery 4 is cooled. In step b5,
If T + ΔT ≧ t is denied, for example, when the air temperature is high in summer or the like and the air sent from the blower 56 is used, the storage battery 4 is not cooled down to the specified temperature T, and the temperature in the battery case 45 further rises to T + ΔT. Cold water flows through the heat exchanger 58, the air from the blower 56 is cooled, and the storage battery 4 is cooled by the cooled air. ΔT is, for example, 2
Set to ° C.

The exhaust heat recovery means 22 receives the exhaust gas from the gas turbine 3 through a pipe 86 and recovers the exhaust heat, and comprises an absorption refrigerator 19, a hot water boiler 26, a water heater 28 and the like. . The exhaust gas of the turbine 8 is supplied from the valve V1 to the regenerator of the absorption refrigerator 19 when cooling is required, and generates cold water. When heating is required, hot water is supplied from the valve V2 to the hot water boiler 26 to generate hot water. The cold / hot water generated by these is supplied to the valves V3 to V6.
Of the air conditioner 30 through the line 88.
And the hot and cold water from the air conditioner 30 is returned to the absorption refrigerator 19 or the hot water boiler 26 via the pipe 90.
A part of the cold water generated in the absorption refrigerator 19 is sent to the heat exchanger 58. Since the cold and hot water is supplied from the exhaust heat recovery means 22, the power load of the air conditioner 30 is small, such as that required for the operation of the absorption refrigerator 24, the cold and hot water supply pump, and the ventilation fan. The exhaust gas from the absorption refrigerator 19 or the hot water boiler 26 is guided to a water heater 28, where the exhaust heat is recovered and discharged to the atmosphere. When cooling and heating are not required, the exhaust gas from the turbine 8 is guided directly from the valve V7 to the water heater 28. The hot water obtained by the water heater 28 is supplied to a hot water supply load 32 such as a bath.

As a self-contained cogeneration system according to a second embodiment of the present invention, there is a self-contained cogeneration system in which the AC generator of the previous embodiment is replaced with a DC generator. In the present embodiment, the DC power can be obtained by the DC generator, so that the converter 12 is unnecessary. Further, the DC power obtained by the DC generator and the DC power obtained from the storage battery 4 are simultaneously converted into AC power by the inverter 14, so that the synchronous input device 16 is not required.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a self-contained cogeneration system 61 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a fuel cell 62 is used instead of the AC generator 2 and the gas turbine 3 of the previous embodiment.
The fuel gas is reformed into hydrogen by the catalyst in the reformer 63. In the fuel cell 62, the hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the air to produce water, and at this time, DC power is generated. This DC power is adjusted to a charging voltage corresponding to the number of cells by the charging voltage adjusting device 13a and stored directly in the storage battery 4 in the same manner as in the previous embodiment, and is also used alone or in combination with the DC power from the storage battery 4. The inverter 14 converts the AC power into AC power and supplies the AC power to the power load.
First to third on / off switches 18, 20, 24 of the previous embodiment
Are disposed at the positions of the open / close switches 18a, 20a, 24a, and an emergency cutoff switch 54 is provided. Other configurations are similar to the previous embodiment, and the same devices are denoted by the same reference numerals.

By using the storage battery 4 of the present embodiment for the self-contained cogeneration system 1, 61 of the present embodiment, the AC generator or the fuel cell is operated at an efficient specific output, and the surplus power is used. When there is, the surplus power is stored in the storage battery 4, when the power is insufficient, the shortage power is supplied from the storage battery 4, and when the power load is extremely small, only the power stored in the storage battery 4 is supplied. .

[0041]

As described above, the storage battery having the charging device or the discharging device according to the first to third aspects of the present invention is cooled to a temperature corresponding to the charging power / discharging power, and is charged / discharged quickly. Is charged / discharged.

According to the present invention, the storage battery used in the self-contained cogeneration system has the charging device and the discharging device or the charging / discharging device. When the power consumption is low and there is excess power, the storage battery is cooled down to a temperature corresponding to the surplus power and stored in the storage battery. The storage battery is cooled to the temperature and supplied to the load from the storage battery, so that charging / discharging is performed quickly, eliminating the need for a large generator or fuel cell to cover the maximum power consumption, reducing equipment capacity, And the generator or fuel cell can be operated in the most efficient state. Also, the exhaust heat of the heat engine or fuel cell that drives the generator can be used effectively.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a self-contained cogeneration system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a battery case 45 in which a storage battery 4 is stored.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control means 42.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of control of the self-contained cogeneration system 1 by a control means 42;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between charge / discharge power of a storage battery and temperature.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the internal resistance of the storage battery and the temperature.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the control of the cooling means 54 by the control means 42.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a self-contained cogeneration system 61 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 61 Self-contained combined heat and power supply system 2 Alternator 3 Gas turbine 4 Storage battery 6 Flow control device 10 Power load 12 Converter 14 Inverter 16 Synchronization input device 19 Absorption refrigerator 22 Waste heat recovery means 26 Hot water boiler 28 Water heater 30 Air conditioner 32 Hot water supply load 42 Control means 44 Wattmeter 45 Battery case 52 Thermometer 54 Cooling means 56 Blower 58 Heat exchanger 101 Battery cell

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A storage battery, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the storage battery, a cooling unit for cooling the storage battery, a charging unit for charging the storage battery with variable charging power, and a response to the output of the charging unit and the temperature sensor. And a control means for cooling the storage battery by the cooling means. 2. A storage battery, a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the storage battery, a cooling means for cooling the storage battery, a discharge means interposed between the storage battery and a load, wherein discharge power of the storage battery is variable, and a discharge means And a control means for cooling the storage battery by the cooling means in response to an output of the temperature sensor. 3. A storage battery, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the storage battery, cooling means for cooling the storage battery, charging means for charging the storage battery and having variable charging power, interposed between the storage battery and the load. And discharging means, wherein the discharging power of the storage battery is variable, and control means, wherein the control means responds to the outputs of the charging means, the discharging means and the temperature sensor and cools the storage battery by the cooling means. Battery charging / discharging device. 4. A self-contained cogeneration system comprising: a generator for supplying electric power to a power load; a heat engine for driving the generator; and a waste heat recovery means for recovering waste heat generated in the heat engine. When the power consumption of the power load is less than the specific output of the generator, the storage device stores the surplus power from the generator in the storage battery, comprising the charging device of claim 1 and the discharging device of claim 2 or the charging / discharging device of claim 3. A self-contained cogeneration system, further comprising another control means for supplying insufficient power from the storage battery when the power consumption of the power load exceeds the specific output of the generator. 5. A fuel cell for supplying power to a power load,
A self-contained cogeneration system having exhaust heat recovery means for recovering exhaust heat generated in a fuel cell, comprising: the charging device according to claim 1 and the discharging device according to claim 2 or the charging / discharging device according to claim 3; When the power consumption of the power load is less than the specific output of the fuel cell,
A self-contained thermoelectric generator, further comprising: another control means for storing surplus power from the fuel cell in the storage battery and supplying the insufficient power from the storage battery when the power consumption of the power load exceeds a specific output of the fuel cell. Co-feeding device.