JPH11344714A - Liquid crystal cell - Google Patents
Liquid crystal cellInfo
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- JPH11344714A JPH11344714A JP15323398A JP15323398A JPH11344714A JP H11344714 A JPH11344714 A JP H11344714A JP 15323398 A JP15323398 A JP 15323398A JP 15323398 A JP15323398 A JP 15323398A JP H11344714 A JPH11344714 A JP H11344714A
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- liquid crystal
- electrode substrates
- crystal cell
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- electrode
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Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 両電極基板の間にて各複数の隔壁により形成
される複数の充填部のうち各両充填部をその間の隔壁を
介して相互に連通させることで、常温で高粘度を有する
液晶の体積収縮により両電極基板の間に発生する負圧を
緩和するようにした液晶セルを提供することを目的とす
る。
【解決手段】 上側電極基板２０の複数のカラーフィル
タ層２２のうち互いに隣接する各両カラーフィルタ層の
間の領域に対応して上側電極基板２０の配向膜２６に形
成される各窪みが、各隔壁４０の間の複数の充填部５０
のうち互いに隣接する各両充填部を相互に連通させる貫
通孔部４２として形成されている。
(57) [Summary] [Purpose] By allowing each of the plurality of filling portions formed by a plurality of partition walls between both electrode substrates to communicate with each other via a partition wall therebetween, it can be operated at room temperature. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal cell in which a negative pressure generated between both electrode substrates due to volume contraction of a liquid crystal having high viscosity is reduced. SOLUTION: Each of the depressions formed in the alignment film 26 of the upper electrode substrate 20 corresponding to the region between the two color filter layers adjacent to each other among the plurality of color filter layers 22 of the upper electrode substrate 20, A plurality of filling portions 50 between the partition walls 40
Are formed as through-holes 42 that allow the two adjacent filling portions to communicate with each other.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、スメクチック液晶
等の常温では比較的高粘度を有する液晶を用いる液晶セ
ルに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal cell using a liquid crystal having a relatively high viscosity at room temperature, such as a smectic liquid crystal.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、この種の液晶セルにおいては、帯
状シール、球状スペーサ及び接着微粒子を介装した両電
極基板の間にスメクチック液晶を充填して構成したもの
がある。ところで、この液晶セルに対し局所的な押圧力
や衝撃力が加わって電極基板が変形した場合、スメクチ
ック液晶に固有の層構造に乱れが発生する。しかし、こ
の乱れは、電極基板の変形がなくなっても、元に戻らな
いという問題がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a liquid crystal cell of this type in which a smectic liquid crystal is filled between two electrode substrates provided with a band-shaped seal, a spherical spacer, and adhesive fine particles. By the way, when a local pressing force or impact force is applied to the liquid crystal cell to deform the electrode substrate, the layer structure unique to the smectic liquid crystal is disturbed. However, there is a problem that this disturbance does not return even if the deformation of the electrode substrate is lost.
【０００３】これに対しては、特開平７−３１８９１２
号公報にて開示されているように、両電極基板（図９に
て各符号１、２参照）の間にシール（図９にて符号３参
照）の内側にて複数条の隔壁４を設けて、これら各隔壁
４を両電極基板の各内表面に密着させることで、液晶セ
ルの耐震性や耐衝撃性を高めて、上述のようなスメクチ
ック液晶の層構造の乱れの発生を防止することが考えら
れる。[0003] On the other hand, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H10-115, a plurality of partition walls 4 are provided between both electrode substrates (see reference numerals 1 and 2 in FIG. 9) inside a seal (see reference numeral 3 in FIG. 9). By adhering these partition walls 4 to the respective inner surfaces of the two electrode substrates, the seismic resistance and impact resistance of the liquid crystal cell are enhanced, and the occurrence of the above-described disturbance in the layer structure of the smectic liquid crystal is prevented. Can be considered.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記液晶セ
ルにおいて、スメクチック液晶の相構造は、高温状態で
ある液体相（即ち、等方相）からの温度の低下に伴い、
例えば、スメクチックＡ相 → カイラルスメクチック
Ｃ相 → カイラルスメクチックＣＡ相のように複雑な
相変化を示す。By the way, in the above liquid crystal cell, the phase structure of the smectic liquid crystal changes with a decrease in temperature from a high temperature liquid phase (ie, isotropic phase).
For example, the phase changes as complicated as a smectic A phase → a chiral smectic C phase → a chiral smectic CA phase.
【０００５】しかし、このようなスメクチック液晶の相
構造の変化に伴い、スメクチック液晶の体積が収縮し、
液晶セルの内部に気泡が発生するという不具合が生じ
る。この点につき検討してみたところ、スメクチック液
晶の体積に収縮が生じた場合、複数の隔壁を両電極基板
の間に設けた構造の液晶セルでは、両電極基板の間の間
隔が複数の隔壁のために変形できない。However, as the phase structure of the smectic liquid crystal changes, the volume of the smectic liquid crystal shrinks,
There is a problem that bubbles are generated inside the liquid crystal cell. When examining this point, when the volume of the smectic liquid crystal shrinks, in a liquid crystal cell having a structure in which a plurality of partition walls are provided between the two electrode substrates, the distance between the two electrode substrates is a plurality of the partition walls. Can not be deformed.
【０００６】このため、液晶セル内にスメクチック液晶
を充填した領域が負圧となり、その結果、液晶セル内に
残留している気体成分が発泡して上記気泡として発生す
るものと考えられる。このような不具合は、特に、スメ
クチック液晶の注入後の液晶セルを低温状態（例えば、
−２０℃）に放置した場合に顕著に生ずる。[0006] Therefore, it is considered that a region where the smectic liquid crystal is filled in the liquid crystal cell has a negative pressure, and as a result, the gas component remaining in the liquid crystal cell foams and is generated as the bubble. Such a defect is particularly caused when the liquid crystal cell after the injection of the smectic liquid crystal is in a low temperature state (for example,
(−20 ° C.).
【０００７】ここで、以上のような気泡発生現象をさら
に詳細に説明すると、スメクチック液晶は常温では高い
粘度を有しているため、このままでは、スメクチック液
晶の液晶セル内への注入は困難である。よって、液晶セ
ルを加熱することでスメクチック液晶の相構造を液体相
の状態にした上で、液晶セル内にスメクチック液晶を注
入により充填する。Here, the bubble generation phenomenon as described above will be described in further detail. Since the smectic liquid crystal has a high viscosity at room temperature, it is difficult to inject the smectic liquid crystal into the liquid crystal cell as it is. . Therefore, after the liquid crystal cell is heated to bring the phase structure of the smectic liquid crystal into a liquid phase state, the liquid crystal cell is filled with the smectic liquid crystal by injection.
【０００８】この充填後、スメクチック液晶の配向を良
好にするため、スメクチック液晶を常温まで徐冷する。
しかし、このような徐冷に伴い、スメクチック液晶の体
積が、図１１のグラフＬにて示すように収縮していく。
従って、スメクチック液晶の温度が常温となったときで
も、液晶セルの内部は、スメクチック液晶の体積収縮の
ため、負圧の状態となっていると考えられる。After the filling, the smectic liquid crystal is gradually cooled to room temperature in order to improve the orientation of the smectic liquid crystal.
However, with the slow cooling, the volume of the smectic liquid crystal shrinks as shown by the graph L in FIG.
Therefore, even when the temperature of the smectic liquid crystal becomes room temperature, it is considered that the inside of the liquid crystal cell is in a negative pressure state due to the volume contraction of the smectic liquid crystal.
【０００９】この場合、液晶セルが上記負圧により変形
することでこの負圧を緩和できればよいが、電極基板は
複数条の隔壁のため変形しにくい。このため、液晶セル
内の負圧を緩和することができず、その結果、液晶セル
内に上述のごとく気泡が発生すると考えられる。ここ
で、気泡の発生状況につき、もう少し詳細に説明する
と、気泡は、図９及び図１０にて符号５により示すごと
く、両電極基板１、２の間にて複数条の隔壁４により形
成される複数条の充填部６の各幅方向中央にて各充填部
の長手方向に沿い線状に発生する。In this case, it is only necessary that the negative pressure can be relieved by deforming the liquid crystal cell by the negative pressure, but the electrode substrate is hardly deformed due to the plurality of partition walls. Therefore, the negative pressure in the liquid crystal cell cannot be reduced, and as a result, it is considered that bubbles are generated in the liquid crystal cell as described above. Here, the generation state of the bubbles will be described in more detail. As shown by reference numeral 5 in FIGS. 9 and 10, the bubbles are formed by a plurality of partition walls 4 between the electrode substrates 1 and 2. It occurs linearly along the longitudinal direction of each filling portion at the center in the width direction of the plurality of filling portions 6.
【００１０】換言すれば、各充填部６内でのスメクチッ
ク液晶の体積収縮により液晶セルの内部が負圧になると
いうことと、各隔壁の形成材料に起因してスメクチック
液晶と各隔壁との間のぬれ性がよいためにスメクチック
液晶を各隔壁側へ引き寄せる力が働くこととによって、
線状気泡５が、各充填部６の幅方向中央に発生するもの
と考えられる。In other words, the volume shrinkage of the smectic liquid crystal in each filling portion 6 causes a negative pressure inside the liquid crystal cell, and the gap between the smectic liquid crystal and each partition due to the material forming each partition. By the force of attracting the smectic liquid crystal to each partition side for good wettability of the
It is considered that the linear bubbles 5 are generated at the center of each filling portion 6 in the width direction.
【００１１】これに伴い、液晶セルの表示領域では、各
線状気泡５による線状表示が発生する。また、上記気泡
の発生に対する対策として、液晶セルに対するスメクチ
ック液晶の充填密度を高めることも考えられる。その一
例としては、特開平６−６７１３６号公報にて示すよう
に、液晶セルに対しスメクチック液晶を加圧による注入
する方法があるが、これによっても、上記気泡の発生防
止には不十分である。Along with this, in the display area of the liquid crystal cell, a linear display by each linear bubble 5 occurs. As a countermeasure against the generation of bubbles, it is conceivable to increase the packing density of the smectic liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell. As one example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-67136, there is a method of injecting a smectic liquid crystal into a liquid crystal cell by applying pressure, but this method is also insufficient for preventing the generation of the above-mentioned bubbles. .
【００１２】この点につき詳細に述べると、スメクチッ
ク液晶の未充填領域である気泡は、常温では確かに低減
されるが、液晶セルの使用温度は０℃以下になる可能性
がある。従って、液晶セルがこのような低温環境にさら
されると、スメクチック液晶の体積は、図１１のグラフ
Ｌにて示すように、さらに収縮するため、液晶セルの内
部は負圧状態となる。このため、液晶セル内には線状気
泡が発生すると考えられる。そして、このように一度発
生した気泡は、液晶セルの温度を常温に戻しても、消滅
せず残存するため、液晶セルの表示領域（図９にて一点
鎖線で囲う領域参照）における表示不良の原因となる。More specifically, the bubbles in the unfilled area of the smectic liquid crystal are certainly reduced at room temperature, but the operating temperature of the liquid crystal cell may be 0 ° C. or lower. Therefore, when the liquid crystal cell is exposed to such a low temperature environment, the volume of the smectic liquid crystal further contracts as shown by a graph L in FIG. 11, so that the inside of the liquid crystal cell is in a negative pressure state. Therefore, it is considered that linear bubbles are generated in the liquid crystal cell. The bubbles generated once do not disappear and remain even when the temperature of the liquid crystal cell is returned to normal temperature. Therefore, display defects in the display region of the liquid crystal cell (see the region surrounded by a dashed line in FIG. 9) are caused. Cause.
【００１３】そこで、本発明は、以上のようなことに対
処するため、両電極基板の間にて各複数の隔壁により形
成される複数の充填部のうち各両充填部をその間の隔壁
を介して相互に連通させることで、常温で高粘度を有す
る液晶の体積収縮により両電極基板の間に発生する負圧
を緩和するようにした液晶セルを提供することを目的と
する。Therefore, in order to cope with the above, according to the present invention, of the plurality of filling portions formed by the plurality of partition walls between the two electrode substrates, each of the filling portions is interposed between the electrode substrates via the partition wall therebetween. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal cell in which a negative pressure generated between both electrode substrates due to volume contraction of a liquid crystal having a high viscosity at room temperature is relaxed by allowing the liquid crystal to communicate with each other.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題の解決にあた
り、請求項１に記載の発明によれば、液晶セルは、両電
極基板（１０、２０）と、これら両電極基板の間にその
周縁部にて介装された帯状シール（２０ａ）と、このシ
ールの内周側にて両電極基板の間に互いに間隔をおいて
並行に挟持されて複数の充填部（５０）を形成する複数
条の隔壁（４０）と、両電極基板間にシールを介し各充
填部に充填された液晶（３０）とを備える。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal cell comprises two electrode substrates (10, 20) and a peripheral portion between the two electrode substrates. And a plurality of strips which are sandwiched in parallel at intervals between the two electrode substrates on the inner peripheral side of the seal to form a plurality of filling portions (50). It comprises a partition (40) and a liquid crystal (30) filled in each filling portion via a seal between both electrode substrates.
【００１５】そして、複数条の隔壁には、貫通孔部（４
１、４４）が複数の充填部のうち互いに隣接する各両充
填部を相互に連通させるようにそれぞれ形成されてい
る。このように構成する液晶セルの両電極基板の間の各
充填部に液晶をその軟化状態にて真空注入する場合、両
電極基板の間隔が各隔壁により変動不能に維持されてい
るため、液晶が温度による体積収縮を起こしても、両電
極基板は変形できず、各充填部内に負圧を生ずる。The plurality of partitions have through-holes (4).
1, 44) are formed so as to mutually connect adjacent two of the plurality of filling portions to each other. When the liquid crystal is vacuum-injected in a softened state into each filling portion between the two electrode substrates of the liquid crystal cell configured as described above, the distance between the two electrode substrates is maintained unchangeable by each partition. Even if the volume shrinks due to temperature, both electrode substrates cannot be deformed, and a negative pressure is generated in each filling portion.
【００１６】しかし、上述のごとく各貫通孔部が各隔壁
に形成されているから、互いに隔壁を介し隣接する両充
填部内の液晶部分が、当該隔壁の各貫通孔部を通り、相
互に流動し合って、各充填部内に発生した負圧が緩和さ
れる。また、上述のように各充填部内のスメクチック液
晶が体積収縮すると、両電極基板の間隔が各隔壁により
変化不能に維持されているため、シールの内表面近傍の
気泡の体積が上記負圧に応じて増大する。換言すれば、
両電極基板の間隔が変化不能なため、シールの内表面近
傍の気泡の体積が、液晶の体積収縮分だけ増大し、上記
負圧を緩和させる方向に作用する。However, since the respective through-holes are formed in the respective partitions as described above, the liquid crystal portions in the two filled portions adjacent to each other via the respective partitions flow through the respective through-holes of the relevant partition and flow mutually. Accordingly, the negative pressure generated in each filling section is reduced. Also, as described above, when the volume of the smectic liquid crystal in each filling portion shrinks, the interval between the two electrode substrates is maintained invariably by each partition, so that the volume of the bubbles near the inner surface of the seal depends on the negative pressure. Increase. In other words,
Since the distance between the two electrode substrates cannot be changed, the volume of bubbles near the inner surface of the seal increases by the volume contraction of the liquid crystal, and acts in a direction to reduce the negative pressure.
【００１７】これにより、各充填部内の負圧が良好に緩
和されて、液晶セルの表示領域内での線状気泡の発生が
未然に防止され得る。ここで、請求項２に記載の発明の
ように、請求項１に記載の液晶セルにおいて、各貫通孔
部は、両電極基板の一方の内壁近傍にて、各隔壁に形成
されていてもよい。As a result, the negative pressure in each filling portion is favorably alleviated, and the generation of linear bubbles in the display area of the liquid crystal cell can be prevented. Here, as in the second aspect of the invention, in the liquid crystal cell according to the first aspect, each through-hole portion may be formed in each partition in the vicinity of one inner wall of both electrode substrates. .
【００１８】また、請求項３に記載の発明によれば、液
晶セルは、両電極基板（１０、２０）と、これら両電極
基板の間にその周縁部にて介装された帯状シール（２０
ａ）と、このシールの内周側にて両電極基板の間に互い
に間隔をおいて並行に挟持されて複数の充填部（５０）
を形成する複数条の隔壁（４０）と、両電極基板間にシ
ールを介し各充填部に充填された液晶（３０）とを備え
る。According to the third aspect of the present invention, the liquid crystal cell comprises the two electrode substrates (10, 20) and the band-shaped seal (20) interposed between the two electrode substrates at the peripheral portion thereof.
a) and a plurality of filling portions (50) sandwiched in parallel at an interval between the two electrode substrates on the inner peripheral side of the seal.
And a liquid crystal (30) filled in each filling portion between both electrode substrates via a seal.
【００１９】そして、両電極基板の一方は、その複数条
の隔壁に対向する内表面（１４、２６）にて、これに対
向する複数条の隔壁の端面（４２、４３）との間にて、
一方の電極基板の形成時にその内表面に形成される窪み
でもって、複数の充填部のうち互いに隣接する各両充填
部を相互に連通させる貫通孔部（４１、４４）を形成し
ている。One of the two electrode substrates has an inner surface (14, 26) facing the plurality of partitions and an end surface (42, 43) of the plurality of partitions facing the same. ,
A recess formed in the inner surface of one of the electrode substrates forms a through-hole (41, 44) for mutually communicating each of the adjacent filling portions of the plurality of filling portions.
【００２０】このように、貫通孔部が、一方の電極基板
の形成時にその内表面に形成される窪みでもって形成さ
れていても、請求項１に記載の発明と同様の作用効果を
達成できる。また、請求項４に記載の発明のよれば、請
求項１乃至３のいずれか一つに記載の液晶セルにおい
て、液晶はスメクチック液晶であって、各貫通孔部は、
スメクチック液晶の体積収縮に伴い複数の充填部内に発
生する負圧を緩和するように形成されている。As described above, even when the through-hole portion is formed by the depression formed on the inner surface of the one electrode substrate at the time of formation, the same function and effect as the first aspect of the invention can be achieved. . According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal cell according to any one of the first to third aspects, the liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal, and each through-hole portion includes:
It is formed so as to relieve the negative pressure generated in the plurality of filling portions due to the volume shrinkage of the smectic liquid crystal.
【００２１】これにより、請求項１乃至３のいずれか一
つに記載の発明の作用効果をより一層向上できる。ま
た、請求項５に記載の発明によれば、請求項１乃至３の
いずれか一つに記載の液晶セルにおいて、液晶はスメク
チック液晶であって、複数の貫通孔部は、スメクチック
液晶の充填時に各貫通孔部内に流動する液晶部分の流れ
の淀みや乱れの発生を防止するような開口形状を有す
る。Thus, the function and effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 can be further improved. According to the invention described in claim 5, in the liquid crystal cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal, and the plurality of through-holes are formed when the smectic liquid crystal is filled. Each of the through holes has an opening shape to prevent stagnation and disturbance of the flow of the liquid crystal portion flowing into the through holes.
【００２２】このため、スメクチック液晶の充填後にこ
のスメクチック液晶の配向不良或いは液晶層の分離とい
った弊害の発生を抑制できる。また、請求項６に記載の
発明によれば、請求項１乃至５のいずれか一つに記載の
液晶セルにおいて、両電極基板の少なくとも一方は、そ
の内表面として、一軸配向処理された配向膜（１４、２
６）を備えており、複数条の隔壁は、前記両電極基板の
間にて、前記配向膜の一軸配向処理の方向に沿い延在し
ている。For this reason, after filling the smectic liquid crystal, adverse effects such as poor alignment of the smectic liquid crystal or separation of the liquid crystal layer can be suppressed. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal cell according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, at least one of the two electrode substrates has, as an inner surface thereof, an alignment film subjected to a uniaxial alignment treatment. (14, 2
6), wherein the plurality of partition walls extend between the two electrode substrates along the direction of the uniaxial alignment treatment of the alignment film.
【００２３】これにより、液晶の相構造の強度を確保す
ることができ、その結果、請求項１乃至５のいずれか一
つに記載の発明の作用効果を良好な表示を確保しつつ達
成できる。また、請求項７に記載の発明によれば、液晶
セルは、第１電極基板（１０）と、この第１電極基板に
対向する第２電極基板であってカラーフィタ層（２２）
及び遮光層（２３）を交互に複数条ずつ配置するように
内蔵してなる第２電極基板（２０）と、第１及び第２の
電極基板の間にその周縁部にて介装された帯状シール
（２０ａ）と、このシールの内周側にて複数のカラーフ
ィルタ層に直交するように第１及び第２の電極基板の間
に挟持された複数条の隔壁であって互いに間隔をおいて
並行に位置されて第１及び第２の電極基板の間に複数の
充填部（５０）を形成する複数条の隔壁（４０）と、第
１及び第２の電極基板間にシールを介し各充填部に充填
された液晶（３０）とを備える。As a result, the strength of the phase structure of the liquid crystal can be ensured, and as a result, the operation and effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5 can be achieved while ensuring a good display. According to the invention described in claim 7, the liquid crystal cell includes the first electrode substrate (10) and the second electrode substrate facing the first electrode substrate, and the color filter layer (22).
A second electrode substrate (20) having a plurality of light-shielding layers (23) alternately arranged therein and a belt-like shape interposed between the first and second electrode substrates at a peripheral portion thereof; A seal (20a), and a plurality of partition walls sandwiched between the first and second electrode substrates so as to be orthogonal to the plurality of color filter layers on the inner peripheral side of the seal and spaced apart from each other. A plurality of partition walls (40) which are positioned in parallel and form a plurality of filling portions (50) between the first and second electrode substrates, and each of the filling members is provided with a seal between the first and second electrode substrates via a seal; And a liquid crystal (30) filled in the portion.
【００２４】そして、複数のカラーフィルタ層のうち互
いに隣接する各両カラーフィルタ層の間の領域に対応し
て第２電極基板の内壁に形成される各窪みが、複数の充
填部のうち互いに隣接する各両充填部を相互に連通させ
る貫通孔部（４２、４４）として形成されている。この
ように、両電極基板の一方がカラーフィルタ層と遮光層
を内蔵する構成を有していても、上述のように、貫通孔
部を各両カラーフィルタ層の間の領域に対応して第２電
極基板の内壁に形成される各窪みでもって形成すること
で、請求項１に記載の発明と同様の作用効果を達成でき
る。Each of the depressions formed in the inner wall of the second electrode substrate corresponding to the region between each of the color filter layers adjacent to each other among the plurality of color filter layers is adjacent to each other among the plurality of filling portions. Are formed as through-hole portions (42, 44) that allow the two filling portions to communicate with each other. As described above, even if one of the two electrode substrates has a configuration in which the color filter layer and the light-shielding layer are built in, as described above, the through-hole portion corresponds to the region between the two color filter layers. By forming each of the depressions on the inner wall of the two-electrode substrate, the same effect as that of the first aspect can be achieved.
【００２５】また、請求項８に記載の発明によれば、請
求項７に記載の液晶セルにおいて、液晶はスメクチック
液晶であって、各貫通孔部は、スメクチック液晶の体積
収縮に伴い複数の充填部内に発生する負圧を緩和するよ
うに形成されている。これによっても、請求項４に記載
の発明と実質的に同様の作用効果を達成できる。According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal cell according to the seventh aspect, the liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal, and each of the through holes has a plurality of fillings due to volume shrinkage of the smectic liquid crystal. It is formed so as to relieve the negative pressure generated in the part. According to this, substantially the same operation and effect as the invention described in claim 4 can be achieved.
【００２６】また、請求項９に記載の発明によれば、請
求項７に記載の液晶セルにおいて、液晶はスメクチック
液晶であって、複数の貫通孔部は、スメクチック液晶の
充填時に前記各貫通孔部内に流動する液晶部分の流れの
淀みや乱れの発生を防止するような開口形状を有する。
これによっても、請求項５に記載の発明と実質的に同様
の作用効果を達成できる。According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal cell according to the seventh aspect, the liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal, and the plurality of through-holes are formed when the smectic liquid crystal is filled. The opening has a shape that prevents the liquid crystal portion flowing in the portion from stagnation or disturbance.
According to this, substantially the same operation and effect as the invention described in claim 5 can be achieved.
【００２７】また、請求項１０に記載の発明によれば、
請求項７乃至９のいずれか一つに記載の発明において、
第１及び第２の電極基板の少なくとも一方は、その内壁
として、一軸配向処理された配向膜（１４、２６）を備
えており、複数条の隔壁は、第１及び第２の電極基板の
間にて、配向膜の一軸配向処理の方向に沿い延在してい
る。According to the tenth aspect of the present invention,
In the invention according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
At least one of the first and second electrode substrates has, as its inner wall, an alignment film (14, 26) that has been subjected to a uniaxial alignment treatment, and a plurality of partition walls are provided between the first and second electrode substrates. , Extend along the direction of the uniaxial alignment treatment of the alignment film.
【００２８】これによっても、請求項６に記載の発明と
実質的に同様の作用効果を達成できる。According to this, substantially the same operation and effect as the invention according to claim 6 can be achieved.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の各実施形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。 （第１実施形態）図１乃至図３は、本発明に係る液晶セ
ルの一実施形態を示している。この液晶セルは、下側電
極基板１０と、上側電極基板２０とを備えており、これ
ら両電極基板１０、２０の間には、スメクチック液晶３
０が、帯状シール２０ａ（図７参照）の内周側にて、複
数条の隔壁４０と共に設けられている。なお、スメクチ
ック液晶３０としては、強誘電性液晶や反強誘電性液晶
が用いられる。また、スメクチック液晶３０と類似した
粘度特性を有する液晶、即ち、常温では高粘度を有する
液晶をスメクチック液晶３０に代えて用いてもよい。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 to 3 show one embodiment of a liquid crystal cell according to the present invention. This liquid crystal cell includes a lower electrode substrate 10 and an upper electrode substrate 20, and a smectic liquid crystal 3 is provided between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20.
0 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the band-shaped seal 20 a (see FIG. 7) together with the plurality of partition walls 40. Note that a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal is used as the smectic liquid crystal 30. Further, a liquid crystal having a viscosity characteristic similar to that of the smectic liquid crystal 30, that is, a liquid crystal having a high viscosity at room temperature may be used instead of the smectic liquid crystal 30.
【００３０】下側電極基板１０は、透明基板１１の内表
面に複数条の金属電極１２、複数条の透明電極１３及び
配向膜１４を順次形成して構成されている。ここで、各
金属電極１２は、対応の透明電極１３の幅方向中央部の
裏面と透明基板１１の内表面との間にて対応の透明電極
１３の長手方向に沿い形成されている。これにより、各
金属電極１２は、各対応の透明電極１３の内部抵抗を低
下させる。なお、図１では、配向膜１４は省略されてい
る。また、電極基板１０は、走査電極基板に相当する。The lower electrode substrate 10 is formed by sequentially forming a plurality of metal electrodes 12, a plurality of transparent electrodes 13, and an alignment film 14 on the inner surface of a transparent substrate 11. Here, each metal electrode 12 is formed along the longitudinal direction of the corresponding transparent electrode 13 between the rear surface at the center in the width direction of the corresponding transparent electrode 13 and the inner surface of the transparent substrate 11. Thereby, each metal electrode 12 reduces the internal resistance of each corresponding transparent electrode 13. In FIG. 1, the alignment film 14 is omitted. Further, the electrode substrate 10 corresponds to a scanning electrode substrate.
【００３１】一方、上側電極基板２０は、透明基板２１
の内表面に複数条のカラーフィルタ層２２、複数条のブ
ラックマスク層２３、オーバーコート層２４、複数条の
透明電極２５及び配向膜２６を順次形成して構成されて
いる。ここで、複数条のカラーフィルタ層２２及び複数
条のブラックマスク層２３は、カラーフィルタ層及びブ
ラックマスク層を交互に互いに並行に透明基板２１の内
表面に沿い形成されている。また、各透明電極２５は、
オーバーコート層２４を介し、対応のカラーフィルタ層
２２に対向しかつこのカラーフィルタ層２２に沿うよう
に延在している。On the other hand, the upper electrode substrate 20 is
A plurality of color filter layers 22, a plurality of black mask layers 23, an overcoat layer 24, a plurality of transparent electrodes 25, and an alignment film 26 are sequentially formed on the inner surface of the substrate. Here, the plurality of color filter layers 22 and the plurality of black mask layers 23 are formed along the inner surface of the transparent substrate 21 so that the color filter layers and the black mask layers are alternately parallel to each other. Also, each transparent electrode 25 is
It extends opposite to the corresponding color filter layer 22 via the overcoat layer 24 and along the color filter layer 22.
【００３２】また、複数条の透明電極２５は複数条の透
明電極１３に直角に延在するように配置されスメクチッ
ク液晶３０と共に複数のマトリックス状画素を構成す
る。なお、図１では、オーバーコート層２４及び配向膜
２６は省略されている。また、電極基板２０は、信号電
極基板に相当する。各隔壁４０は、各対応の透明電極１
３の幅方向中央部を介し各対応の金属電極１２に対向
し、この金属電極１２の長手方向に沿いストライプ状に
延在している。ここで、これら各隔壁４０は、各対応の
金属電極１２と同一の幅を有する。The plurality of transparent electrodes 25 are arranged so as to extend at right angles to the plurality of transparent electrodes 13, and form a plurality of matrix-shaped pixels together with the smectic liquid crystal 30. In FIG. 1, the overcoat layer 24 and the alignment film 26 are omitted. Further, the electrode substrate 20 corresponds to a signal electrode substrate. Each partition 40 has a corresponding transparent electrode 1
Each of the metal electrodes 12 is opposed to the corresponding metal electrode 12 through the central portion of the metal electrode 3 in the width direction, and extends in a stripe shape along the longitudinal direction of the metal electrode 12. Here, each partition 40 has the same width as the corresponding metal electrode 12.
【００３３】これにより、複数条の隔壁４０は、両電極
基板１０、２０の間に密着挟持されて複数条の充填部５
０を形成し、両電極基板１０、２０の間隔を均一に保持
し、かつ、液晶セルとしての耐震性及び耐衝撃性を高め
る。また、各隔壁４０は、図３にて示すごとく、貫通孔
部４１を備えており、これら各貫通孔部４１は、複数条
のカラーフィルタ層２２のうち各両カラーフィルタ層２
２の間の領域に沿い、配向膜１４の内面（スメクチック
液晶３０側の面）上にて各隔壁４０の裏面４２にそれぞ
れ形成されている。As a result, the plurality of partition walls 40 are tightly held between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 to form the plurality of filling portions 5.
0 is formed, the distance between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 is kept uniform, and the shock resistance and shock resistance of the liquid crystal cell are enhanced. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, each partition 40 has a through-hole 41, and each of the through-holes 41 is provided in each of the color filter layers 2 of the plurality of color filter layers 22.
Along the region between the two, on the inner surface of the alignment film 14 (the surface on the side of the smectic liquid crystal 30), it is formed on the back surface 42 of each partition wall 40, respectively.
【００３４】これにより、貫通孔部４１は、各両カラー
フィルタ層２２の間の領域の数に対応する数だけ、隔壁
の幅方向に向け形成されて、当該隔壁の両側に位置する
両充填部５０を連通させている。次に、このように構成
した液晶セルの製造方法について図４及び図５を参照し
て説明する。Thus, the through holes 41 are formed in the width direction of the partition by the number corresponding to the number of regions between the two color filter layers 22, and the two filling portions located on both sides of the partition are formed. 50 are connected. Next, a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal cell thus configured will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００３５】図４の下側電極基板形成工程Ｓ１におい
て、上記構成の下側電極基板１０を形成する。次に、上
側電極基板形成工程Ｓ２につき図４及び図５に基づいて
説明する。まず、図５のブラックマスク形成工程Ｓ２１
では、透明基板２１の内表面に複数条のブラックマスク
層２３を互いに所定間隔をおいて並行に形成する。In the lower electrode substrate forming step S1 of FIG. 4, the lower electrode substrate 10 having the above structure is formed. Next, the upper electrode substrate forming step S2 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the black mask forming step S21 in FIG.
Then, a plurality of black mask layers 23 are formed in parallel on the inner surface of the transparent substrate 21 at predetermined intervals.
【００３６】ついで、カラーフィルタ層形成工程Ｓ２２
において、複数条のカラーフィルタ層２２の各々を、複
数条のブラックマスク層２３のうち互いに隣接する各両
ブラックマスク層２３の間にてブラックマスク層２３の
長手方向に沿い透明基板２１の内表面に形成する。その
後、オーバーコート形成工程Ｓ２３において、オーバー
コート層２４を、複数条のカラーフィルタ層２２及び複
数条のブラックマスク層２３を介し透明基板２１の内表
面に形成する。Next, a color filter layer forming step S22
In each of the plurality of color filter layers 22, the inner surface of the transparent substrate 21 is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the black mask layer 23 between the black mask layers 23 adjacent to each other among the plurality of black mask layers 23. Formed. Thereafter, in an overcoat formation step S23, the overcoat layer 24 is formed on the inner surface of the transparent substrate 21 via the plurality of color filter layers 22 and the plurality of black mask layers 23.
【００３７】そして、透明電極形成工程Ｓ２４におい
て、各透明電極２５を、オーバーコート層２４を介し、
各対応のカラーフィルタ層２２に対向するように、当該
カラーフィルタ層２２に沿い形成する。然る後、配向膜
形成工程Ｓ２５において、配向膜２６を、各透明電極２
５を介しオーバーコート層２４に形成する。Then, in the transparent electrode forming step S24, each transparent electrode 25 is
It is formed along the color filter layer 22 so as to face each corresponding color filter layer 22. Thereafter, in the alignment film forming step S25, the alignment film 26 is
5 is formed on the overcoat layer 24.
【００３８】このようにして上側電極基板形成工程Ｓ２
の処理を終了した後、図４の隔壁形成工程Ｓ３におい
て、次のようにして複数条の隔壁４０を上側電極基板２
０の内表面に形成する。即ち、フォトレジスト材料を、
上側電極基板２０の内表面に配向膜２６の内表面を含め
全面的に約１．６μｍの厚さにて塗布しフォトレジスト
膜を形成する。そして、このフォトレジスト膜をフォト
リソグラフィ法により所定パターン（それぞれ互いに並
行な複数条の隔壁４０及び複数条の金属電極１２に対応
するパターン）に露光現像処理を施して、複数条の隔壁
４０を上側電極基板２０の内表面に形成する。In this manner, the upper electrode substrate forming step S2
Is completed, in the partition wall forming step S3 of FIG. 4, the plurality of partition walls 40 are connected to the upper electrode substrate 2 as follows.
0 is formed on the inner surface. That is, the photoresist material is
The entire surface including the inner surface of the alignment film 26 is coated with a thickness of about 1.6 μm on the inner surface of the upper electrode substrate 20 to form a photoresist film. Then, this photoresist film is subjected to an exposure and development process to a predetermined pattern (a pattern corresponding to a plurality of ribs 40 and a plurality of metal electrodes 12 parallel to each other) by photolithography, so that the plurality of ribs 40 are It is formed on the inner surface of the electrode substrate 20.
【００３９】このとき、上記レジスト膜のうち互いに隣
接し合う各両カラーフィルタ層２２の間の溝部に対応す
る領域には、オーバーコート層２４の形成後に発生して
いる窪みに相当する分だけ窪みが生ずる。この窪み量
は、電極基板２０におけるカラーフィルタ層２２、ブラ
ックマスク層２３、オーバーコート層２４及び透明電極
２５の形成構造により異なるが、約０．５μｍ乃至１．
０μｍの範囲内となった。At this time, in the area corresponding to the groove between the two color filter layers 22 adjacent to each other in the resist film, a depression corresponding to the depression generated after the formation of the overcoat layer 24 is formed. Occurs. The amount of the depression varies depending on the formation structure of the color filter layer 22, the black mask layer 23, the overcoat layer 24, and the transparent electrode 25 on the electrode substrate 20, but is about 0.5 μm to 1.
It was within the range of 0 μm.
【００４０】なお、本実施形態では、ブラックマスク層
２３の厚さを約０．２μｍとし、カラーフィルタ層２２
の厚さを約１．６μｍとし、オーバーコート層２４の厚
さを約１．２μｍとし、また、透明電極２５の厚さを約
２０００Åとした。次に、ラビング工程Ｓ４において、
下側電極基板１０の配向膜１４の内表面にラビング処理
を施すとともに、ラビング工程Ｓ５において、上側電極
基板２０の配向膜２６の内表面に複数条の隔壁４０を介
しラビング処理を施す。なお、両配向膜１４、２６に対
するラビング方向は、両電極基板１０、２０を重ね合わ
せたとき、スメクチック液晶３０の配向方向を規制する
ようになっている。In this embodiment, the thickness of the black mask layer 23 is set to about 0.2 μm,
Was set to about 1.6 μm, the thickness of the overcoat layer 24 was set to about 1.2 μm, and the thickness of the transparent electrode 25 was set to about 2000 mm. Next, in the rubbing step S4,
A rubbing process is performed on the inner surface of the alignment film 14 of the lower electrode substrate 10, and a rubbing process is performed on the inner surface of the alignment film 26 of the upper electrode substrate 20 via a plurality of partitions 40 in a rubbing step S <b> 5. The rubbing direction with respect to the alignment films 14 and 26 regulates the alignment direction of the smectic liquid crystal 30 when the electrode substrates 10 and 20 are overlapped.
【００４１】これらラビング工程において、各配向膜１
４、２６のラビング方向は、各隔壁４０の長手方向に並
行であるとともに、互いに同一方向或いは互いに逆方向
であることが望ましい。その根拠は次の通りである。図
９及び図１０に基づき既に説明したように、気泡が各充
填部５０の幅方向中央にて隔壁４０の長手方向に沿い、
線状に発生する。そして、上述のごとく、各充填部５０
内でのスメクチック液晶の体積収縮により各充填部５０
内に負圧が発生すること、及びスメクチック液晶と隔壁
４０とのぬれ性が良好なためにスメクチック液晶を隔壁
４０側に引き寄せる力が作用することにより、これら各
線状気泡は、各充填部４０の幅方向中央に発生するもの
と考えられる。In these rubbing steps, each alignment film 1
The rubbing directions of 4 and 26 are desirably parallel to the longitudinal direction of each partition wall 40 and in the same direction or opposite directions. The grounds are as follows. As described above with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, air bubbles are generated along the longitudinal direction of the partition 40 at the center in the width direction of each filling portion 50,
It occurs linearly. Then, as described above, each filling unit 50
Due to volume shrinkage of smectic liquid crystal in the
A negative pressure is generated in the inside, and a force that draws the smectic liquid crystal toward the partition 40 due to the good wettability between the smectic liquid crystal and the partition 40 acts. It is considered to occur at the center in the width direction.
【００４２】従って、図６（ａ）にて示すごとく、隔壁
４０の長手方向に直交する方向（図示矢印Ａ方向）に配
向膜２６の内表面をラビングした場合、スメクチック液
晶３０の液晶層３１は、隔壁４０の長手方向に並行に発
生する。また、スメクチック液晶３０の特性として、液
晶層３１で分離し易いため、充填部５０内が負圧になっ
たときに線状気泡が発生し易くなる。Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6A, when the inner surface of the alignment film 26 is rubbed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the partition 40 (the direction of arrow A in the drawing), the liquid crystal layer 31 of the smectic liquid crystal 30 becomes Occur in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the partition wall 40. In addition, as a characteristic of the smectic liquid crystal 30, since the liquid crystal layer 31 easily separates, when the inside of the filling section 50 becomes a negative pressure, linear bubbles are easily generated.
【００４３】一方、図６（ｂ）にて示すように、隔壁４
０の長手方向に並行な方向（図示矢印Ｂ方向）に配向膜
２６の内表面をラビングした場合、スメクチック液晶３
０の液晶層３１は、隔壁４０の長手方向に直交する方向
に発生する。このため、液晶層３１での分離が起こりに
くい。このことは、液晶層３１が充填部５０内の負圧に
対して強くなることを意味する。On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
When the inner surface of the alignment film 26 is rubbed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the alignment film 26 (the direction of arrow B in the figure), the smectic liquid crystal 3
The 0 liquid crystal layer 31 is generated in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the partition wall 40. For this reason, separation in the liquid crystal layer 31 does not easily occur. This means that the liquid crystal layer 31 becomes stronger against the negative pressure in the filling portion 50.
【００４４】従って、上述の通り、各配向膜１４、２６
のラビング方向は、各隔壁４０の長手方向に並行である
とともに、互いに同一方向或いは互いに逆方向であるこ
とが望ましい。次のシール印刷工程Ｓ６においては、電
極基板１０の内表面周縁部に熱硬化性樹脂をコ字状に印
刷しシール２０ａとして形成する。なお、このとき、液
晶注入口も形成する。Therefore, as described above, each of the alignment films 14, 26
It is preferable that the rubbing directions are parallel to the longitudinal direction of each partition wall 40 and are the same direction or the opposite directions. In the next seal printing step S6, a thermosetting resin is printed in a U-shape on the inner surface peripheral portion of the electrode substrate 10 to form a seal 20a. At this time, a liquid crystal injection port is also formed.
【００４５】その後、重ね合わせ工程Ｓ７において、両
電極基板１０、２０を、シール２０ａ及び複数条の隔壁
４０を介し重ね合わせる。この場合、両配向膜１４、２
６の各配向方向が、各隔壁４０の長手方向に並行となる
ように、両電極基板１０、２０の重ね合わせを行う。つ
いで、加熱加圧工程Ｓ８における処理を次のようにして
行う。Thereafter, in the overlapping step S7, the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 are overlapped via the seal 20a and the plurality of partition walls 40. In this case, both alignment films 14, 2
The two electrode substrates 10 and 20 are overlapped so that each orientation direction of 6 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of each partition wall 40. Next, the processing in the heating and pressing step S8 is performed as follows.
【００４６】上述のように重ね合わせた両電極基板１
０、２０を、加熱加圧装置６０内に図４にて示すように
配置した後、この加熱加圧装置６０の内部をヒータによ
り加熱する。その後、加熱加圧装置６０の上壁６１の内
面に設けたエアバッグ６２（シリコンゴムからなる）内
に、ガス供給管６３から窒素ガスＮ２を圧送する。これ
に伴い、エアバッグ６２が膨張して両電極基板１０、２
０を載置板６４上に均一加圧する。このとき、加圧力は
０．９ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 であり、加熱温度は１９０℃であ
り、これらの状態中に、両電極基板１０、２０を６０分
の間保持した。その後、徐冷により、加熱加圧装置６０
の内部を室温及び常圧に戻した。The two electrode substrates 1 superposed as described above
After arranging 0 and 20 in the heating and pressing device 60 as shown in FIG. 4, the inside of the heating and pressing device 60 is heated by a heater. Thereafter, the nitrogen gas N2 is pressure-fed from the gas supply pipe 63 into an airbag 62 (made of silicon rubber) provided on the inner surface of the upper wall 61 of the heating and pressurizing device 60. As a result, the airbag 62 is inflated and the two electrode substrates 10, 2
0 is uniformly pressed on the mounting plate 64. At this time, the pressure was 0.9 kg / cm 2 , the heating temperature was 190 ° C., and the electrode substrates 10 and 20 were held for 60 minutes in these states. Then, the heating and pressurizing device 60 is gradually cooled.
Was returned to room temperature and normal pressure.
【００４７】以上のような加熱加圧工程Ｓ８における処
理に伴い、各隔壁４０の高さ（両電極基板１０、２０の
間隔に対応する）は、約０．１μｍ乃至０．２μｍだけ
潰れた。これに伴い、金属電極１２の厚さは上述の通り
約０．３μｍであることを考慮すると、スメクチック液
晶３０の液晶層の厚さ、即ち、両電極基板１０、２０の
間隔は、最終的に、約１．７μｍとなった。With the processing in the heating and pressurizing step S8 as described above, the height of each partition 40 (corresponding to the distance between the two electrode substrates 10, 20) was crushed by about 0.1 μm to 0.2 μm. Accordingly, considering that the thickness of the metal electrode 12 is about 0.3 μm as described above, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the smectic liquid crystal 30, that is, the distance between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 finally becomes , About 1.7 μm.
【００４８】なお、各隔壁４０の高さを潰す量を調節す
る方法としては、各隔壁４０の硬さを調整する方法と、
各隔壁４０を潰す力を調整する方法があるが、前者で
は、プレベーキングの温度や時間を調整することが考え
られ、後者では、両電極基板１０、２０に対する加圧力
を調整することが考えられる。また、上述のような加熱
加圧処理では、各カラーフィルタ層２２の厚さと各ブラ
ックマスク層２３の厚さとの差に基づき、各隔壁４０の
上面が、図３にて例示するごとく、各両カラーフィルタ
層２２の間の溝状領域に対応する部分にて当該溝状領域
内に隆起する。As a method of adjusting the amount of crushing the height of each partition 40, there are a method of adjusting the hardness of each partition 40,
There is a method of adjusting the force for crushing each partition wall 40. In the former, it is conceivable to adjust the temperature and time of prebaking, and in the latter, it is conceivable to adjust the pressing force on both electrode substrates 10 and 20. . In addition, in the heating and pressurizing treatment as described above, the upper surface of each partition 40 is placed on both sides as illustrated in FIG. 3 based on the difference between the thickness of each color filter layer 22 and the thickness of each black mask layer 23. The portion corresponding to the groove-shaped region between the color filter layers 22 protrudes into the groove-shaped region.
【００４９】これに伴い、各隔壁４０の裏面４１のうち
上記各隆起部分に対応する部分が、当該各隆起部分の隆
起に伴い窪む。このため、各隔壁４０の裏面４１の各窪
み部分が配向膜１４の内表面との間に各貫通孔部４１と
してそれぞれ形成される。これにより、隔壁４０毎に、
各貫通孔部４１が、対応の隔壁４０の両側に位置する両
充填部５０を相互に連通させる。Accordingly, a portion of the back surface 41 of each partition wall 40 corresponding to each of the above-described raised portions is depressed with the corresponding raised portion. For this reason, each recessed portion of the back surface 41 of each partition 40 is formed as each through-hole 41 between the inner surface of the alignment film 14 and each recessed portion. Thereby, for each partition 40,
Each through-hole portion 41 allows the two filling portions 50 located on both sides of the corresponding partition wall 40 to communicate with each other.
【００５０】ここで、上述のように、各隔壁４０の高さ
が約０．１μｍ乃至０．２μｍだけ潰れているから、貫
通孔部４１の内径は、約０．３μｍ乃至０．９μｍの範
囲の値となる。また、後述するスメクチック液晶の注入
時に、各貫通孔部４１に流入するスメクチック液晶の流
れに乱れや淀みが発生すると、スメクチック液晶の配向
不良の原因となる。このため、各貫通孔部４１の内径
は、上記流れの乱れや淀みが発生しない大きさであれば
よい。Here, as described above, since the height of each partition 40 is crushed by about 0.1 μm to 0.2 μm, the inner diameter of the through hole 41 is in the range of about 0.3 μm to 0.9 μm. Value. In addition, if the flow of the smectic liquid crystal flowing into each through-hole portion 41 is disturbed or stagnation when the smectic liquid crystal described later is injected, it causes poor alignment of the smectic liquid crystal. For this reason, the inner diameter of each through-hole portion 41 may be a size that does not cause the above-described turbulence or stagnation of the flow.
【００５１】次に、液晶注入工程Ｓ９において、上述の
ように加熱加圧処理した両電極基板１０、２０を、真空
容器内に収容して約１２０℃に加熱した状態に維持す
る。このような状態にて、上記真空容器の内部を約２時
間減圧することで、両電極基板１０、２０間の領域を同
様に減圧し、両電極基板１０、２０の一方の液晶注入口
近傍部分にスメクチック液晶を滴下する。これに伴い、
スメクチック液晶が軟化してシール２０ａの液晶注入口
を塞ぐ。Next, in the liquid crystal injecting step S9, the two electrode substrates 10 and 20, which have been subjected to the heat and pressure treatment as described above, are housed in a vacuum vessel and maintained at a temperature of about 120 ° C. In such a state, the pressure between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 is similarly reduced by depressurizing the inside of the vacuum container for about 2 hours. A smectic liquid crystal is dropped. Along with this,
The smectic liquid crystal softens and closes the liquid crystal injection port of the seal 20a.
【００５２】このような状態にて、上記真空容器の内部
を大気圧に戻しこの大気圧状態を１２時間保持する。こ
の段階では、両電極基板１０、２０の間の領域と両電極
基板１０、２０の外側との間に生ずる差圧に応じて、ス
メクチック液晶が両電極基板１０、２０の間の各充填部
５０内にシール２０ａの液晶注入口を通して吸引注入さ
れる。これにより、スメクチック液晶の充填が終了す
る。In this state, the inside of the vacuum vessel is returned to the atmospheric pressure, and the atmospheric pressure is maintained for 12 hours. At this stage, the smectic liquid crystal fills each filling portion 50 between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 according to the pressure difference between the region between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 and the outside of the two electrode substrates 10 and 20. It is sucked and injected through the liquid crystal injection port of the seal 20a. This completes the filling of the smectic liquid crystal.
【００５３】その後、封止工程Ｓ１０において、シール
２０ａの液晶注入口を封止する。これにより、液晶セル
の製造が終了する。ところで、上述のような液晶注入工
程Ｓ９の処理過程においては、両電極基板１０、２０の
間の各充填部５０内に発生した気泡を完全に無くするこ
とは困難で、気泡が、図７にて符号Ｐにより示すごと
く、シール２０ａの内表面近傍に残存する。Thereafter, in a sealing step S10, the liquid crystal injection port of the seal 20a is sealed. Thus, the manufacture of the liquid crystal cell ends. By the way, in the process of the liquid crystal injecting step S9 as described above, it is difficult to completely eliminate bubbles generated in each filling portion 50 between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20, and the bubbles are generated as shown in FIG. As shown by the reference symbol P, it remains near the inner surface of the seal 20a.
【００５４】ここで、本実施形態では、各充填部５０に
注入したスメクチック液晶の温度による体積変化は、図
１１のグラフＬに従う。また、スメクチック液晶の液晶
相の相系列は、 或いは、その逆となっている。Here, in the present embodiment, the volume change of the smectic liquid crystal injected into each filling portion 50 depending on the temperature follows the graph L in FIG. The phase sequence of the liquid crystal phase of the smectic liquid crystal is Or vice versa.
【００５５】従って、１２０℃にて注入したスメクチッ
ク液晶の体積は、ＩＳＯ相（等方相）で、０．９５８ｃ
ｍ3 ／ｇであり、常温の２５℃では、約８％収縮し、さ
らに、−２０℃では、約１０％収縮する。しかし、上述
のようにして作製した液晶セルは、−２０℃の低温で１
００時間放置しても、シール２０ａの近傍の気泡Ｐの残
存領域が大きくなるだけで、液晶セルの表示領域内での
線状気泡は発生しなかった。従って、液晶セルに表示不
良は発生しなかった。Therefore, the volume of the smectic liquid crystal injected at 120 ° C. is 0.958 c in the ISO phase (isotropic phase).
m 3 / g. At 25 ° C. at room temperature, it shrinks by about 8%, and at −20 ° C., shrinks by about 10%. However, the liquid crystal cell manufactured as described above has a low temperature of -20 ° C.
Even when left for 00 hours, only the remaining area of the bubbles P near the seal 20a was increased, and no linear bubbles were generated in the display area of the liquid crystal cell. Therefore, no display failure occurred in the liquid crystal cell.
【００５６】この理由について検討してみると、ます、
第１に、両電極基板１０、２０の間の各充填部５０内の
スメクチック液晶には上述のように体積収縮が発生する
が、各隔壁４０と配向膜１４との間には、貫通孔部４１
が上述のごとく形成されている。このため、互いに隔壁
４０を介し隣接する両充填部５０内の液晶部分が、当該
隔壁４０の各貫通孔部４１を通り、相互に流動し合っ
て、各充填部５０内に発生した負圧が緩和される。When examining the reason,
First, the smectic liquid crystal in each filling portion 50 between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 undergoes volume shrinkage as described above, but a through-hole portion is formed between each partition 40 and the alignment film 14. 41
Are formed as described above. For this reason, the liquid crystal portions in both the filling portions 50 adjacent to each other via the partition wall 40 flow through each through-hole portion 41 of the partition wall 40 and flow mutually, and the negative pressure generated in each filling portion 50 is reduced. Be relaxed.
【００５７】また、第２に、上述のように各充填部５０
内のスメクチック液晶に体積収縮すると、両電極基板１
０、２０の間隔が各隔壁４０により変化不能に維持され
ているため、シール２０ａの内表面近傍の気泡Ｐの体積
が上記負圧に応じて増大する。このことは、両電極基板
１０、２０の間隔が変化不能なため、気泡Ｐの体積が、
スメクチック液晶の体積収縮分だけ増大し、上記負圧を
緩和させる方向に作用することを意味する。Second, as described above, each filling section 50
When the volume shrinks to the smectic liquid crystal inside, both electrode substrates 1
Since the interval between 0 and 20 is kept unchangeable by each partition 40, the volume of the bubbles P near the inner surface of the seal 20a increases according to the negative pressure. This means that since the distance between the two electrode substrates 10 and 20 cannot be changed, the volume of the bubble P is
It means that it increases by the volume contraction of the smectic liquid crystal and acts in the direction of relaxing the negative pressure.
【００５８】以上のような第１及び第２の現象に基づ
き、各充填部５０内の負圧が良好に緩和されて、液晶セ
ルの表示領域内での線状気泡の発生が未然に防止され得
るものと考えられる。 （第２実施形態）図８は、本発明に係る液晶セルの第２
実施形態を示している。Based on the first and second phenomena described above, the negative pressure in each filling portion 50 is favorably alleviated, and the generation of linear bubbles in the display area of the liquid crystal cell is prevented. It is considered to be gained. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the liquid crystal cell according to the present invention.
1 shows an embodiment.
【００５９】この第２実施形態では、各貫通孔部４４
が、上記第１実施形態にて述べた各貫通孔部４１に代え
て、上側電極基板２０と各隔壁４０との間に形成されて
いる。ここで、各貫通孔部４４は、次のようにして形成
される。上記第１実施形態にて述べたように上側電極基
板形成工程Ｓ２において上側電極基板２０を形成する
と、配向膜２６及びオーバーコート層２４のうち互いに
隣接し合う各両カラーフィルタ層２２の間の溝状領域に
対応する部分が、図８にて示すごとく、当該各溝状領域
内に落ち込む。In the second embodiment, each through hole 44
Are formed between the upper electrode substrate 20 and each partition 40 instead of each through-hole 41 described in the first embodiment. Here, each through-hole portion 44 is formed as follows. As described in the first embodiment, when the upper electrode substrate 20 is formed in the upper electrode substrate forming step S2, the groove between the two adjacent color filter layers 22 of the alignment film 26 and the overcoat layer 24 is formed. As shown in FIG. 8, a portion corresponding to the groove-shaped region falls into each groove-shaped region.
【００６０】そこで、本第２実施形態では、上記第１実
施形態とは異なり、複数の隔壁４０を、図４の下側電極
基板形成工程Ｓ１にて形成された下側電極基板１０の配
向膜１４の内表面に、上述と同様の方法により形成す
る。この場合、下側電極基板１０の配向膜１４は平面状
になっているため、各隔壁４０の上下両端面は、図８に
て例示するごとく、その全体に亘り、ほぼ平行となって
いる。Therefore, in the second embodiment, different from the first embodiment, a plurality of partition walls 40 are formed on the alignment film of the lower electrode substrate 10 formed in the lower electrode substrate forming step S1 in FIG. 14 is formed on the inner surface by the same method as described above. In this case, since the alignment film 14 of the lower electrode substrate 10 has a planar shape, the upper and lower end surfaces of each partition 40 are substantially parallel over the entirety as illustrated in FIG.
【００６１】その後、上記第１実施形態と実質的に同様
に、図４の両ラビング工程Ｓ４、Ｓ５及びシール印刷工
程Ｓ６の処理を行う。このような処理後、図４の重ね合
わせ工程Ｓ７において、上記第１実施形態と同様に、両
配向膜１４、２６の各配向方向が、各隔壁４０の長手方
向に並行となるように、両電極基板１０、２０の重ね合
わせを行う。After that, the rubbing steps S4 and S5 and the seal printing step S6 in FIG. 4 are performed substantially in the same manner as in the first embodiment. After such processing, in the overlapping step S7 in FIG. 4, both the alignment films 14 and 26 are aligned so that the respective alignment directions are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the partition walls 40, as in the first embodiment. The electrode substrates 10 and 20 are superposed.
【００６２】これにより、各貫通孔部４４が、図８にて
例示するごとく配向膜２６と各隔壁４０の表面４３との
間に形成される。ついで、図４の加熱加圧工程Ｓ８の処
理を行う。この加熱加圧工程Ｓ８の処理では、上記第１
実施形態にて述べたと同様に、両電極基板１０、２０に
対し加熱加圧処理が行われるが、各隔壁４０の上下両端
面４１、４３は、その全体に亘り、平行となっており、
かつ電極基板１０の配向膜１４も平面状となっている。Thus, each through-hole portion 44 is formed between the alignment film 26 and the surface 43 of each partition 40 as illustrated in FIG. Next, the processing of the heating and pressing step S8 in FIG. 4 is performed. In the heating and pressurizing step S8, the first
As described in the embodiment, the heating and pressurizing process is performed on both the electrode substrates 10 and 20. However, the upper and lower end surfaces 41 and 43 of each partition 40 are parallel in their entirety.
Moreover, the alignment film 14 of the electrode substrate 10 is also planar.
【００６３】従って、上記加熱加圧処理がなされても、
配向膜２６が図８にて示すような窪みを有したままに維
持される。これにより、各貫通孔部４４が図８にて例示
するように電極基板２０と各隔壁４０との間に形成され
る。このように形成された各貫通孔部４４は、上記第１
実施形態にて述べた各貫通孔部４１と同様に、隔壁４０
を挟む両充填部５０を相互に連通させる。Therefore, even if the above heat and pressure treatment is performed,
The alignment film 26 is maintained while having the depression as shown in FIG. Thereby, each through-hole 44 is formed between the electrode substrate 20 and each partition 40 as illustrated in FIG. Each of the through-hole portions 44 formed as described above is provided in the first
Similar to the through holes 41 described in the embodiment, the partition 40
The two filling portions 50 sandwiching the are communicated with each other.
【００６４】その結果、上記第１実施形態と同様の作用
効果を達成できる。なお、本発明の実施にあたっては、
液晶セルは、カラーフィルタ層を用いない液晶セルであ
ってもよく、この場合には、当該液晶セルの両電極基板
の一方の各透明電極の厚さを、例えば、上記第１或いは
第２の実施形態にて述べた貫通孔部４１或いは４４を形
成し得る程度に設定することで当該貫通孔部に対応する
窪みを形成するようにする。As a result, the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment can be achieved. In implementing the present invention,
The liquid crystal cell may be a liquid crystal cell that does not use a color filter layer. In this case, the thickness of each transparent electrode on one of the two electrode substrates of the liquid crystal cell may be, for example, the first or second transparent electrode. The depression corresponding to the through-hole is formed by setting the through-hole 41 or 44 described in the embodiment to such an extent that the through-hole 41 or 44 can be formed.
【００６５】また、本発明の実施にあたり、液晶として
は、スメクチック液晶に限ることなく、このスメクチッ
ク液晶と同様に温度に対する粘度の特性を有する液晶を
採用してもよい。Further, in the practice of the present invention, the liquid crystal is not limited to the smectic liquid crystal, but may be a liquid crystal having a viscosity characteristic with respect to temperature similarly to the smectic liquid crystal.
【図１】本発明に係る液晶セルの第１実施形態を示す部
分斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing a first embodiment of a liquid crystal cell according to the present invention.
【図２】図１にて２−２線に沿う断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG.
【図３】図１にて３−３線に沿う断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG.
【図４】図１の液晶セルの製造方法を示す工程図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a process chart showing a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal cell of FIG.
【図５】図４の上側電極基板形成工程の詳細工程図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a detailed process chart of an upper electrode substrate forming process of FIG. 4;
【図６】（ａ）、（ｂ）は上記第１実施形態における配
向膜を矢印Ａ方向及びＢ方向にそれぞれラビング処理し
た場合のスメクチック液晶の相構造を示す液晶セルの模
式的部分断面図である。FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic partial cross-sectional views of a liquid crystal cell showing a phase structure of a smectic liquid crystal when the alignment film in the first embodiment is rubbed in the directions of arrows A and B, respectively. is there.
【図７】図４の液晶注入工程においてシールの内周面近
傍に生ずる気泡の状態を上側電極基板を除いた状態で示
す部分平面図である。FIG. 7 is a partial plan view showing the state of bubbles generated near the inner peripheral surface of the seal in the liquid crystal injection step of FIG. 4 without the upper electrode substrate.
【図８】本発明の第２実施形態を示す部分断面図であ
る。FIG. 8 is a partial sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】従来の液晶セルの平面図である。FIG. 9 is a plan view of a conventional liquid crystal cell.
【図１０】図９にて１０−１０線に沿う部分断面図であ
る。FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view taken along line 10-10 in FIG. 9;
【図１１】従来の液晶セル内のスメクチック液晶の体積
と温度との関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the volume of smectic liquid crystal in a conventional liquid crystal cell and temperature.
１０、２０…電極基板、１４、２６…配向膜、２０ａ…
シール、２２…カラーフィルタ層、２３…ブラックマス
ク層、４０…隔壁、３０…スメクチック液晶、４１、４
４…貫通孔部。10, 20 ... electrode substrate, 14, 26 ... alignment film, 20a ...
Seal, 22: color filter layer, 23: black mask layer, 40: partition, 30: smectic liquid crystal, 41, 4
4: Through hole
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 井ノ口 和宏 愛知県刈谷市昭和町１丁目１番地 株式会 社デンソー内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Inoguchi 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside DENSO Corporation
Claims (10)
シール（２０ａ）と、 このシールの内周側にて前記両電極基板の間に互いに間
隔をおいて並行に挟持されて複数の充填部（５０）を形
成する複数条の隔壁（４０）と、 前記両電極基板間に前記シールを介し前記各充填部に充
填された液晶（３０）とを備える液晶セルにおいて、 前記複数条の隔壁には、貫通孔部（４１、４４）が前記
複数の充填部のうち互いに隣接する各両充填部を相互に
連通させるようにそれぞれ形成されていることを特徴と
する液晶セル。1. A pair of electrode substrates (10, 20), a band-shaped seal (20a) interposed between the two electrode substrates at a peripheral portion thereof, and the two electrode substrates on an inner peripheral side of the seal. A plurality of partition walls (40) sandwiched in parallel with an interval therebetween to form a plurality of filling portions (50); and the filling portions are filled between the two electrode substrates via the seal. In the liquid crystal cell including the liquid crystal (30), the plurality of partition walls have through-hole portions (41, 44) such that the two filling portions adjacent to each other among the plurality of filling portions communicate with each other. A liquid crystal cell characterized by being formed.
方の内壁近傍にて、前記各隔壁に形成されていることを
特徴とする請求項１に記載の液晶セル。2. The liquid crystal cell according to claim 1, wherein each of the through holes is formed in each of the partition walls near one of inner walls of the two electrode substrates.
シール（２０ａ）と、 このシールの内周側にて前記両電極基板の間に互いに間
隔をおいて並行に挟持されて複数の充填部（５０）を形
成する複数条の隔壁（４０）と、 前記両電極基板間に前記シールを介し前記各充填部に充
填された液晶（３０）とを備える液晶セルにおいて、 前記両電極基板の一方は、その前記複数条の隔壁に対向
する内表面（１４、２６）にて、これに対向する前記複
数条の隔壁の端面（４２、４３）との間にて、前記一方
の電極基板の形成時にその内表面に形成される窪みでも
って、前記複数の充填部のうち互いに隣接する各両充填
部を相互に連通させる貫通孔部（４１、４４）を形成し
てなることを特徴とする液晶セル。3. A pair of electrode substrates (10, 20), a band-shaped seal (20a) interposed between the two electrode substrates at a peripheral portion thereof, and the two electrode substrates on an inner peripheral side of the seal. A plurality of partition walls (40) sandwiched in parallel with an interval therebetween to form a plurality of filling portions (50); and the filling portions are filled between the two electrode substrates via the seal. In a liquid crystal cell comprising a liquid crystal (30), one of the two electrode substrates has an inner surface (14, 26) facing the plurality of partition walls, and an end face of the plurality of partition walls facing the inner wall (14, 26). 42, 43), between the two filling portions of the plurality of filling portions, the recesses formed on the inner surface of the one electrode substrate when the one electrode substrate is formed. Liquid characterized by forming parts (41, 44) Cell.
伴い前記複数の充填部内に発生する負圧を緩和するよう
に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のい
ずれか一つに記載の液晶セル。4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal, and each of the through holes is formed so as to relieve a negative pressure generated in the plurality of filling portions due to volume shrinkage of the smectic liquid crystal. The liquid crystal cell according to claim 1, wherein:
に前記各貫通孔部内に流動する液晶部分の流れの淀みや
乱れの発生を防止するような開口形状を有することを特
徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか一つに記載の液晶セ
ル。5. The liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal, and the plurality of through-holes prevent stagnation and disturbance of a flow of a liquid crystal portion flowing into each of the through-holes when the smectic liquid crystal is filled. The liquid crystal cell according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal cell has a simple opening shape.
の内表面として、一軸配向処理された配向膜（１４、２
６）を備えており、 前記複数条の隔壁は、前記両電極基板の間にて、前記配
向膜の一軸配向処理の方向に沿い延在していることを特
徴とする請求項１乃至５のいずれか一つに記載の液晶セ
ル。6. An alignment film (14, 2) which has been subjected to a uniaxial alignment treatment as at least one of said two electrode substrates as an inner surface thereof.
6), wherein the plurality of partition walls extend between the two electrode substrates along a direction of the uniaxial alignment treatment of the alignment film. The liquid crystal cell according to any one of the above.
ーフィタ層（２２）及び遮光層（２３）を交互に複数条
ずつ配置するように内蔵してなる第２電極基板（２０）
と、 前記第１及び第２の電極基板の間にその周縁部にて介装
された帯状シール（２０ａ）と、 このシールの内周側にて前記複数のカラーフィルタ層に
直交するように前記第１及び第２の電極基板の間に挟持
された複数条の隔壁であって互いに間隔をおいて並行に
位置されて前記第１及び第２の電極基板の間に複数の充
填部（５０）を形成する複数条の隔壁（４０）と、 前記第１及び第２の電極基板間に前記シールを介し前記
各充填部に充填された液晶（３０）とを備える液晶セル
であって、 前記複数のカラーフィルタ層のうち互いに隣接する各両
カラーフィルタ層の間の領域に対応して前記第２電極基
板の内壁に形成される各窪みが、前記複数の充填部のう
ち互いに隣接する各両充填部を相互に連通させる貫通孔
部（４２、４４）として形成されている液晶セル。7. A first electrode substrate (10) and a second electrode substrate facing the first electrode substrate, wherein a plurality of color filter layers (22) and light shielding layers (23) are alternately arranged. Built-in second electrode substrate (20)
A band-shaped seal (20a) interposed between the first and second electrode substrates at a peripheral portion thereof; and an inner peripheral side of the seal so as to be orthogonal to the plurality of color filter layers. A plurality of partition walls sandwiched between the first and second electrode substrates, the plurality of partition portions being disposed in parallel at a distance from each other and having a plurality of filling portions between the first and second electrode substrates; A liquid crystal cell comprising: a plurality of partition walls (40) forming a liquid crystal; and a liquid crystal (30) filled in each of the filling portions between the first and second electrode substrates via the seal. The depressions formed in the inner wall of the second electrode substrate corresponding to the regions between the color filter layers adjacent to each other among the color filter layers of the plurality of the filling portions are formed by the respective filling portions adjacent to each other among the plurality of filling portions. Parts are formed as through-holes (42, 44) that communicate with each other. Liquid crystal cell being formed.
伴い前記複数の充填部内に発生する負圧を緩和するよう
に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の液
晶セル。8. The method according to claim 8, wherein the liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal, and each of the through holes is formed so as to relieve a negative pressure generated in the plurality of filling portions due to volume shrinkage of the smectic liquid crystal. The liquid crystal cell according to claim 7, wherein:
に前記各貫通孔部内に流動する液晶部分の流れの淀みや
乱れの発生を防止するような開口形状を有することを特
徴とする請求項７に記載の液晶セル。9. The liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal, and the plurality of through-holes prevent stagnation or disturbance of a flow of a liquid crystal portion flowing into each of the through-holes when the smectic liquid crystal is filled. The liquid crystal cell according to claim 7, wherein the liquid crystal cell has a simple opening shape.
とも一方は、その内壁として、一軸配向処理された配向
膜（１４、２６）を備えており、 前記複数条の隔壁は、前記第１及び第２の電極基板の間
にて、前記配向膜の一軸配向処理の方向に沿い延在して
いることを特徴とする請求項７乃至９のいずれか一つに
記載の液晶セル。10. At least one of the first and second electrode substrates includes, as an inner wall thereof, an orientation film (14, 26) that has been subjected to a uniaxial orientation treatment. The liquid crystal cell according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the liquid crystal cell extends between the second electrode substrate and a direction of the uniaxial alignment treatment of the alignment film.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15323398A JPH11344714A (en) | 1998-06-02 | 1998-06-02 | Liquid crystal cell |
| US09/323,105 US6337730B1 (en) | 1998-06-02 | 1999-06-01 | Non-uniformly-rigid barrier wall spacers used to correct problems caused by thermal contraction of smectic liquid crystal material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15323398A JPH11344714A (en) | 1998-06-02 | 1998-06-02 | Liquid crystal cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11344714A true JPH11344714A (en) | 1999-12-14 |
Family
ID=15557974
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15323398A Pending JPH11344714A (en) | 1998-06-02 | 1998-06-02 | Liquid crystal cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11344714A (en) |
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-
1998
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