JPH1134597A - Curved surface transfer method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To transfer a transfer layer to the inside of a concave portion of a transfer product such as a decorative material having a three-dimensional uneven surface. SOLUTION: The transfer layer side of a transfer sheet S composed of a support 1 and a transfer layer 2 is opposed to the uneven surface side of a transfer-receiving substrate B having an uneven surface, and solid particles P are provided on the support side of the transfer sheet. The transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred by using the collision pressure, and after the transfer layer is adhered to the substrate to be transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off. As a curved surface transfer method for transferring a transfer layer to a substrate to be transferred, and at least one of the transfer layers
A transfer sheet whose layer is composed of a layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic urethane resin is used. Even when the transfer sheet suddenly deforms to follow the substrate surface irregularities due to the impact pressure, the transfer layer can also be stretched to follow the deformation of the transfer sheet, so that transfer failure due to cracking or peeling of the transfer layer does not occur.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of transferring a curved surface for producing a transfer product such as a decorative material having a concave and convex decorative surface used for exterior and interior materials of a house, furniture, home electric appliances and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, decorative boards having decorations such as pictures on a substrate surface of the decorative board by a direct printing method, a laminating method, a transfer method or the like have been used for various purposes. In this case, if the surface of the base material is flat, the decoration of the picture can be easily made, but the decoration of the pattern is applied to the uneven surface by a special device. For example, in the case of a columnar shape such as a window frame or a surface border material, the base material decoration surface is a two-dimensional unevenness (a shape having a curvature only in one direction (a direction perpendicular to the generating line or the height direction) like a cylinder). One applicable curved surface decoration technique is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895. That is, the technique of the publication is a surface decoration method by a laminating method, in which a front cover sheet coated with an adhesive on one side is supplied, while the base material is horizontally conveyed at a speed synchronized with the supply speed of the front cover sheet, and is additionally provided. While maintaining the state in which the end of the facing sheet is not adhered by the large number of holding jigs, the adhesive-applied surface side of the facing sheet is pressed stepwise with respect to the base material for each small area, and the base sheet is used as a base. It is to be adhered by heating to the material surface. This method is called a lapping method. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097 proposes a curved surface decoration technique applicable to the case where the surface unevenness is a three-dimensional unevenness such as an embossed shape (that is, a shape having a curvature in two directions like a hemisphere). Have been. That is, the technology of the same publication is a surface decoration method by a transfer method, a thermoplastic resin film is used as a support of a transfer sheet, and a release layer, a pattern layer, and an adhesive layer are sequentially provided on the support. The transfer sheet is placed on a substrate having an uneven surface, and is pressed from the back surface of the support with a heat roller made of rubber having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less to transfer a picture, thereby obtaining a decorative plate. Further, a foamed layer which foams by heat during transfer is provided between the support and the release layer, and the foaming is also utilized to follow the uneven surface of the substrate.

[0003]

However, in the above-described conventional method, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895 can only handle a two-dimensional curved surface. Although the technology proposed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H08-27139 can handle three-dimensional curved surfaces, it basically uses elastic deformation of the rotating heat roller by rubber to follow the surface irregularities. Not applicable to irregularities. In addition, the soft rubber roller is liable to be worn by the corners of the unevenness of the transfer-receiving substrate. Also,
In a configuration in which the foam layer is provided on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet becomes too complicated and expensive. In addition, there is a problem that the substrate is limited to a flat substrate as a whole. In addition, when transferring while forming a transfer layer on the uneven surface as described above, it is necessary to use a thermoplastic resin such as a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer or polymethyl methacrylate as a binder resin of the transfer layer. However, those generally used as such thermoplastic binder resins in the past are generally weak in organic solvent resistance, and after transfer, when applying a paint to protect the transfer layer, the paint in the paint is used. There is a drawback that the transferred pattern is dissolved or dissolved by a low molecular weight component such as a diluting solvent or a monomer, and the transferred pattern flows or bleeds. On the other hand, two-component curing type (thermosetting type)
By using a thermosetting resin such as urethane resin or epoxy resin as the binder resin, this disadvantage can be solved.However, another problem that cracks occur in the transfer layer when it is formed into an uneven shape is used instead. occured.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a transfer product such as a decorative material which can be transferred to a large three-dimensional uneven surface and has excellent surface decorativeness. An object of the present invention is to provide a curved surface transfer method that does not require a jig of a special shape for pressing and does not require replacement due to wear of a component such as a rubber roller.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the curved surface transfer method according to the present invention employs, as a means for pressing a transfer sheet including a support and a transfer layer against a transfer-receiving substrate by pressing the transfer sheet. Solid particles collided with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure was used. That is, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet including the support and the transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving base material having the uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure Using
The transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and after the transfer layer is adhered to the transfer substrate, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to transfer the transfer layer to the transfer substrate. In addition, by using a transfer sheet in which at least one of the transfer layers is a layer containing a thermoplastic urethane resin as a main component resin, the transfer sheet receives solid particle collision pressure,
Even when the transfer sheet suddenly deforms following the surface irregularities of the substrate, the transfer layer also stretches following the deformation of the transfer sheet so that transfer failures due to cracking or peeling of the transfer layer do not occur. In addition, flow and bleeding generated in a transfer layer such as a pattern at the time of overcoating can be prevented.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the curved surface transfer method of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. That is, as the transfer sheet S composed of the support 1 and the transfer layer 2, at least one of the transfer layers is a transfer sheet composed of a layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic urethane resin. In the embodiment shown in the figure, an adhesive layer A is provided in advance on the uneven surface of the substrate B to be transferred. Then, the transfer layer 2 side of the transfer sheet S is opposed to the uneven surface side of the base material B on which the adhesive layer A is already provided [FIG. And a large number of solid particles P collide with the transfer sheet S using the collision pressure.
Is pressed against the substrate to be transferred B to form the transfer sheet S following the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred B, and the transfer sheet S is pressed against the substrate to be transferred B (FIG. 1B). Here, the arrow added to the solid particles P indicates a velocity vector of the solid particles. The adhesion of the transfer layer to the substrate to be transferred is shown in FIG.
This is performed by the upper adhesive layer A. Then, after the transfer layer 2 of the transfer sheet is adhered to the base material B, the transfer sheet S
By removing the support 1 from the substrate B to be transferred, the decorative material D in which the transfer layer 2 is transferred to the uneven surface of the substrate B to be transferred is obtained [FIG. 1 (C)]. At least one of the transfer layers
Since the layer is composed of a layer containing a thermoplastic urethane resin as a main component resin, the transfer is performed with good shape followability of the transfer layer onto the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred. As a result, even if the transfer sheet is suddenly deformed by the collision pressure in the concave portion or the like, transfer failure due to cracking or peeling of the transfer layer does not occur.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

[Transferred Substrate] The substrate to be transferred B can of course be applied to a flat surface where the surface to be transferred is flat. However, the present invention shows its true value when the surface to be transferred is an uneven surface. This is a substrate to be transferred having three-dimensional irregularities. Conventional holding jigs that come into rotational contact (the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895) and rubber transfer rollers (the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-13 / 1993).
No. 9097) essentially has the directionality of the rotation axis, and therefore, the applicable surface unevenness is restricted. That is, the former is limited to two-dimensional unevenness having a curvature only in one axis direction, and the latter can be transferred to a three-dimensional unevenness having a curvature in two axis directions, but the three-dimensional shape can be changed in any direction. Cannot be applied homogeneously. For example, unless the longitudinal direction of the wood grain conduit pattern is parallel to the feed direction of the transfer sheet, it cannot be successfully transferred to the concave portion of the conduit. Moreover, in the latter case, the shape of the base material is practically limited to a flat plate shape, and otherwise, it is impossible unless a transfer roller having a special shape tailored to each base material shape is used. However, in the present invention, as described later, since the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that can behave fluidly is utilized, the planar direction of the pressure application region is essentially required for the three-dimensional shape of the surface irregularities. Do not have.
(This directionality is the direction of the temporal position change of a point on the transfer-receiving substrate to which pressure is applied.) Therefore, a shape having irregularities in the transfer direction of the transfer sheet or the transfer-receiving substrate is considered. The substrate to be transferred may be used. In other words, it means that the present invention can be applied to two-dimensional unevenness having unevenness only in one direction such as only the feed direction or width direction, and three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in two directions such as both the feed direction and the width direction. The point that the collision pressure of the solid particles does not have any direction is that the ejector that ejects the solid particles is moved so that the single transfer sheet is placed on the substrate to be transferred and pressed and adhered one by one. Alternatively, it can be easily understood by considering the manner in which the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred are moved while the ejector is fixed, and the region to which the collision pressure is applied moves.

The substrate to be transferred is not limited to a flat plate material (having an envelope shape) as a whole, but has a two-dimensional unevenness whose cross section is convex or concave in an arc shape and curved in the feeding direction or width direction. The curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, it is possible to arbitrarily determine whether to transfer the two-dimensional irregularities such as the arc shape of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction, in consideration of workability and the like. Further, a transferred substrate having an uneven surface superimposed on large pattern unevenness and having fine unevenness, or a transferred substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the uneven surface is also possible. The large pattern irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, a plan view of FIG. 2A and a plan view of FIG.
As shown in an example of a perspective view of the main part of FIG. 1, the unevenness of the substrate to be transferred is composed of large irregularities 401, 402 and fine irregularities 403 on the convex portion 402. 10 to 10 mm, the width of the concave portion is 1 to 10 mm, and the width of the convex portion is 5 mm or more. The fine unevenness is smaller than the large unevenness in both the step and the width. The step is about 0.1 to 5 mm, the width of the concave portion and the width of the convex portion are 0.1 mm or more, and is less than about 1/2 of the width of the convex portion having a large irregular shape. As a specific example of a concave-convex pattern of a cosmetic material having a combination of large pattern irregularities and fine irregularities, and having a three-dimensional surface irregularity, for example,
It has a two-dimensional array pattern of tiles, bricks, stones, etc. with joints, grooves, etc. as large irregularities, and irregularities on the spray painted surface such as stucco, ricin, etc. as fine irregularities on it,
It has a stone-grained uneven pattern such as a cleaved surface of granite or a stone material surface such as a travertine marble plate, or a large-sized uneven pattern, a paneling pattern having joints, grooves, shawls, sane, etc., and a floating woodgrain pattern. A wood-grained uneven pattern having a conduit groove, a hairline, and the like as fine unevenness on the upper side is given. In addition, each surface constituting the uneven surface is not only a flat surface, but only a curved surface,
Alternatively, a combination of a plane and a curved surface is optional. Therefore,
The curved surface on the substrate to be transferred according to the present invention also means an uneven surface having no curved surface composed of only a plurality of planes, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature in the present invention includes a case where the curvature is infinite (the radius of curvature = 0) which is angular like the periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube. Pressing, embossing,
Extrusion, cutting, molding, etc. may be used.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
If it is a board material, a non-porcelain ceramic board such as a calcium silicate board, a slag cement board, an ALC (lightweight foamed concrete) board, a GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) board, a wood veneer or a wood plywood, a particle board, or a wood board Wood plates such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), metal plates such as iron, aluminum and copper, ceramics such as ceramics and glass,
A resin molded product such as polypropylene, ABS resin, and phenol resin may be used. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid as described later, a substance that is insoluble and non-absorbable in the liquid is preferable. For example, a metal plate, a resin molded product, ceramics such as ceramics and glass, and the like are used. In addition, these transfer receiving substrate surfaces are coated in advance with an easy-adhesion primer for assisting the adhesion with the adhesive, or a sealer agent for sealing and sealing fine irregularities and porosity on the surface. Is also good. A resin such as an isocyanate, a two-part curable urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a vinyl acetate resin is applied as an easy-adhesion primer or a sealer.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet S is composed of a support 1 and a transfer layer 2 which is transferred. The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer. Further, the adhesive may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer.
In the present invention, at least one of the transfer layers is composed of a layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic urethane resin. When only the decorative layer is used, the decorative layer is mainly made of a thermoplastic urethane resin. Further, for example, when the transfer layer is composed of the decorative layer and the adhesive layer, one or more of them is preferably made of a thermoplastic urethane resin as a main component resin. When the transfer layer is a multilayer, it is preferable that the entire layer be a layer containing a thermoplastic urethane resin as a main component resin. However, when the resin is used for some of the layers of the multilayer, a thicker layer is used. Is preferable in that the effect can be easily obtained. When a liquid is used as the solid particle acceleration fluid and the solid particles are ejected together with the liquid, an insoluble substance for the liquid is used for the support and the transfer layer. For example, if the liquid is water, except for the water-soluble resin and the like, it may be appropriately selected and used from materials used as general transfer sheets according to the following.

(Support) If the substrate to be transferred is a two-dimensional uneven surface, the support is made of non-stretchable paper (however, when the solid particle accelerating fluid is a liquid, It is possible to use an insoluble material), but in order to apply the present invention to a three-dimensional uneven surface exhibiting its true value, a stretchable support is used at least at the time of transfer. Due to the stretchability, when the collision pressure of the solid particles is applied, the transfer sheet can be closely adhered and transferred to the inside of the concave portion on the surface of the transfer-receiving substrate. The stretchability of the entire transfer sheet is governed by the stretchability of both the transfer layer and the support. Therefore, in addition to a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film, a rubber film that can be stretched even at normal temperature can be used as the support. In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, there is almost no stretchability at the time of forming a transfer layer such as a decorative layer at room temperature, and at the time of transfer, it exhibits sufficient stretchability by heating, and after cooling, keeps its deformed shape, and has elasticity. A transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be easily prepared as a transfer sheet that does not cause the shape to be restored by the conventional method, similarly to a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet. As a specific example of the support, in terms of stretchability, even a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, can provide necessary and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions, and the like, depending on the surface unevenness. Since it can be expressed, curved surface transfer is possible. However, preferred supports that easily exhibit stretchability at lower temperatures and lower pressures include, for example, ethylene terephthalate / isophthalate copolymer, polyester resins such as polybutylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyolefin resins such as polymethylpentene; Vinyl chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, or natural rubber, synthetic rubber, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, etc. alone or as a mixture ,
A resin film having a single layer or different layers may be used. These resin films are preferably low stretched or unstretched. For example, specifically, a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film is one of the supports that are excellent in stretching properties, do not generate hydrochloric acid gas during waste combustion, and are environmentally friendly. The thickness of the support is usually 20 to 200 μm.
m. When a liquid is used as the fluid for accelerating the solid particles, a resin film that swells but is insoluble in the liquid that is in contact at the time of transfer can be used. As an example of such a swellable and insoluble resin film, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
No. 0208, JP-B-61-3276, etc., a polyvinyl alcohol-based film having an average degree of polymerization of 300 to 3000 and a degree of saponification of 65 to 97 m.
ol%, and a film having a thickness of 20 to 200 μm is typical.

The support may be provided, if necessary, with a release layer on the transfer layer side in order to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. The release layer is removed together with the support from the transfer layer when the support is released. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used. In addition, if the support is provided with an uneven pattern on the surface on the transfer layer side, it is possible to form an uneven pattern such as grain, pear, wood grain on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. The concavo-convex pattern is particularly effective in the case where there is no irregularity originally on the convex portion 402 of the base material to be transferred (see FIG. 2) and it is planar. The concavo-convex pattern is formed by a known method such as embossing, sandblasting, and embossing printing using a shaping layer (release layer).

(Transfer Layer) At least one transfer layer composed of a layer containing a thermoplastic urethane resin as a main component resin is composed of at least a decorative layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer and the like are also suitably composed of a transfer layer. May be an element. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer. In addition,
Since the thermoplastic urethane resin is a main component resin, it is contained in an amount of 51 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component of the corresponding layer. The decoration layer is partially formed using a conventionally known method such as gravure printing, silk screen printing, offset printing, a pattern layer obtained by printing a pattern with a material, a metal such as aluminum, chromium, gold, and silver using a known vapor deposition method or the like. Alternatively, a metal thin film layer or the like formed on the entire surface and used in accordance with the application is used. The metal thin film layer may be used in combination with the pattern layer. When only the metal thin film layer is a decorative layer, the transfer layer has at least one layer other than the decorative layer such as an adhesive layer and a release layer as a layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic urethane resin. As the pattern, according to the surface irregularities of the transferred substrate, wood pattern, stone pattern,
A cloth pattern, a tile pattern, a brick pattern, a leather pattern, a character, a geometric pattern, a solid pattern, and the like are used. The light-colored transparent layer is also solid over the entire surface. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. As the binder, a thermoplastic urethane resin is preferably used. However, if the other layer of the transfer layer is a resin layer and a thermoplastic urethane resin is used as a main component resin, another resin can be used. For example, an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyester resin, a cellulosic resin, a thermosetting polyurethane resin, a fluororesin, or the like alone or a mixture containing these is used. The thermoplastic urethane resin may be used as a main component resin and one or more of these may be used as a sub-component resin. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used.

A release layer may be provided between the support or the release layer and the decorative layer to adjust the releasability between the decorative layer and to protect the surface of the decorative layer after transfer. Is the same as a conventionally known transfer sheet. For the release layer, for example,
In addition to the thermoplastic urethane resin, a resin or the like used as a binder for the ink for a picture layer is used. The release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate together with the decorative layer during transfer, and covers the surface of the decorative layer. Further, as a means for easily removing the air remaining between the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer,
If necessary, a large number of small holes penetrating the entire transfer sheet may be formed in the transfer sheet.

(Thermoplastic Urethane Resin) The thermoplastic urethane resin includes a polyol having a hydroxyl group at a terminal,
A urethane resin composed of a linear polymer reacted with polyisocyanate can be used. As the active hydrogen compound to be reacted with the isocyanate, there are other amine compounds and the like, but a polyol is typical in terms of easy handling. In order to make the material thermoplastic rather than thermosetting, diisocyanate is generally used as the isocyanate and diol is used as the polyol. In addition, an excess of a polyfunctional polyol exceeding bifunctional may be reacted with diisocyanate. If the isocyanate group is not allowed to remain, and if the isocyanate group is allowed to remain, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic urethane resin having a hydroxyl group remaining, which is synthesized with an excess of a hydroxyl group relative to the isocyanate group. The hydroxyl group improves the adhesion between the support and the transfer layer without lowering the releasability between the support and the transfer layer.
This is because the residual isocyanate group changes the interlayer adhesion over time, for example, increases the peeling force between the transfer layer and the support, and the support may not be peeled off. Like above,
Due to the thermoplastic urethane resin, even if the transfer sheet is suddenly deformed by a collision pressure in a concave portion or the like, transfer failure due to cracking or peeling of the transfer layer does not occur. In particular, in the present invention using a solid particle impact pressure without using an elastic roller as in the conventional transfer method,
Depending on the setting of the collision pressure, this effect is large because the transfer sheet is easily deformed by the collision pressure. In the case of an elastic roller, the transfer sheet deformation speed can be reduced by lowering the transfer speed (reducing the roller rotation speed), but in the case of solid particle collision pressure, the transfer sheet is exposed to the collision pressure. This is because, in the portion where the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving base material are transported, the transfer sheet deformation speed due to the collision pressure cannot be reduced even if the transfer speed of the transfer sheet or the base material is reduced. For example, as a thermoplastic resin, a mixture of an acrylic resin and a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, or an acrylic polyol is used for a transfer layer, the foil easily falls off at the time of transfer, but is eliminated by replacing the resin with a thermoplastic urethane resin. I do.

Examples of the polyol include poly (ethylene adipate), poly (butylene adipate), poly (neopentyl adipate), poly (hexamethylene adipate), poly (butylene azelate), poly (butylene sebacate) and poly (butylene sebacate). Polyester diols such as caprolactone, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyether diols such as poly (tetramethylene ether), poly (butylene carbonate),
Polycarbonate polyols such as poly (hexamethylene carbonate), or acrylic polyols, urethane polyols, fluorine-based polyols, acrylic silicone-based polyols, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and the like can be given. Above all, when the substrate to be transferred is an alkaline substrate such as a cement type (ALC or the like) or a calcium silicate plate, an acrylic polyol is preferable in terms of alkali resistance.

As the diisocyanate component, aliphatic (or alicyclic) compounds conventionally known in the polyurethane field are used.
Or various aromatic diisocyanates are mentioned. For example, aliphatic (or alicyclic) type is divalent isocyanate such as hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, and aromatic is 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, xylene Diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalenediisocyanate, hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate, and the like. In addition, in terms of weather resistance for exterior use and the like, and in terms of appropriate reaction delay, aliphatic (or alicyclic) such as hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate.
Systems are preferred.

Specific examples of the thermoplastic urethane resin include:
For example, a resin using adipate diol, polycarbonate diol, or the like as the polyol component and using IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate), MDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate), or the like as the isocyanate component. For example, a resin composed of polyester polyol and IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate), polycarbonate diol and IPDI and MDI
(Hexamethylene diisocyanate), a tree composed of adipate diol and IPDI, and the like. Further, the thermoplastic urethane resin serving as the transfer layer has, for example, a breaking elongation of 500 to 1000% and a stress at 100% elongation of 20%.
５０50 kg / cm ² , heat softening temperature 70-130
[° C.], a molecular weight of 40,000 to 60,000, each characteristic value falling within the respective range, a preferable result is obtained.

[Adhesive] The adhesive may be used as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or as an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred, in advance by offline coating or in-line coating immediately before transfer. It is applied by work or offline coating. When the adhesive layer of the transfer layer is used, a thermoplastic urethane resin is preferably used as a main component resin. When the adhesive is applied to the substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. The adhesive to be used may be appropriately selected depending on the application, required physical properties, etc., including the thermoplastic urethane resin when the adhesive layer of the transfer layer is used. Select a substance that is insoluble in As the adhesive to be used, a thermoplastic urethane resin is preferable when the adhesive layer of the transfer layer is used. However, when a thermoplastic urethane resin (which becomes a heat-sealing adhesive) is used for a decoration layer or the like, the adhesive is It is not always necessary to use a thermoplastic urethane resin.
The selection may be made in consideration of the adhesiveness to the base material side and the like. In such a case, as an adhesive other than the adhesive using the thermoplastic urethane resin, for example, a heat-sensitive adhesive, a moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, a hot-melt adhesive, a moisture-curable hot-melt adhesive, Various adhesives such as a liquid-curable adhesive, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive, an aqueous adhesive, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive using an adhesive can be used. When water is used for the solid particle accelerating fluid, a moisture-curable adhesive or an aqueous adhesive should be avoided. As the heat-sensitive adhesive, any of a heat-sealing adhesive using a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting adhesive using a thermosetting resin can be used. However, from the viewpoint that the bonding is completed in a short time, a heat fusion type (heat-sensitive adhesive) is preferable. The adhesive may be either a solvent-diluted or non-solvent, or a liquid or a solid at room temperature, including the case of using a thermoplastic urethane resin. In the case of an adhesive other than a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting tackiness, a transfer layer can be formed with only a single adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer.

Examples of the heat-sensitive adhesive include polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, polyamide obtained by polycondensation of dimer acid and ethylenediamine. A conventionally known adhesive such as a resin can be used. As the thermosetting adhesive, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, a thermosetting urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be used.

A moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is also a kind of heat-sensitive adhesive. The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is applied immediately before transfer from the viewpoint of work stability, because the curing reaction proceeds with moisture in the air when left to stand naturally. Immediately after transfer, the moisture-curable heat-melt adhesive has the same adhesive strength as a normal heat-melt adhesive, but the cross-linking / curing reaction gradually proceeds with moisture in the air when left naturally, It is excellent in heat resistance without creep deformation and heat melting, and a large adhesive strength can be obtained. However, in order to promote the crosslinking and curing of the adhesive with moisture after the transfer is completed, the cosmetic material after the transfer is left to cure in air containing moisture. Preferable atmospheric conditions for curing are generally a relative humidity of 50% RH or more and a temperature of 10 ° C.
That is all. When the temperature and the relative humidity are both higher, the curing is completed in a shorter time. The standard curing completion time is usually about 10 hours in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 60% RH.

The moisture-curable heat-melting adhesive is a composition containing a prepolymer having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal as an essential component. The prepolymer is usually a polyisocyanate prepolymer having one or more isocyanate groups at both molecular terminals, and is a solid thermoplastic resin at normal temperature. Isocyanate groups react with each other due to moisture in the air to cause a chain extension reaction, and as a result, a reactant having a urea bond in a molecular chain is generated,
The urea bond further reacts with the isocyanate group at the molecular terminal, causing a biuret bond and branching to cause a crosslinking reaction. Although the skeleton structure of the molecular chain of the prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal is arbitrary, specific examples include a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond, a polyester skeleton having an ester bond, and a polybutazine skeleton.
Adhesive properties can be adjusted by appropriately employing one or more of these skeletal structures. If a urethane bond is present in the molecular chain, the terminal isocyanate group also reacts with the urethane bond to form an allophanate bond, which also causes a cross-linking reaction.

Specific examples of the polyisocyanate prepolymer include, for example, a polyol having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal obtained by reacting an excess polyisocyanate with a polyol;
There is a urethane prepolymer having a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond in a molecular chain. Also, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 14287, a polyester skeleton and a polybutadiene skeleton obtained by adding a polyester polyol and a polyol having a polybutadiene skeleton in an arbitrary order to a polyisocyanate and subjecting them to an addition reaction are bonded by a urethane bond. Crystalline urethane prepolymer having an isolated structure and having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal, or a molecule obtained by reacting a polycarbonate polyol with a polyisocyanate as disclosed in JP-A-2-305882. A polycarbonate-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups therein, a polyester-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups in a molecule obtained by reacting a polyester polyol and a polyisocyanate, and the like. It is.

As the moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, other than the above-mentioned various polyisocyanate prepolymers,
In order to adjust various physical properties, various auxiliary materials such as a thermoplastic resin, a tackifier, a plasticizer, and a filler can be further added to the above-mentioned essential reaction components, if necessary. As these auxiliary materials, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer,
Low molecular weight polyethylene, modified polyolefin, atactic polypropylene, linear polyester, thermoplastic resin such as ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EAA), terpene-phenol resin, tackifier such as rosin abietic acid ester, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica ,
Fillers (extenders) composed of fine powders such as alumina, coloring pigments, curing catalysts, moisture removers, storage stabilizers, antioxidants and the like.

The ionizing radiation-curable resin which can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is a composition curable by ionizing radiation, and specifically includes a radical polymerizable unsaturated bond or a cationic polymerizable functional group in the molecule. A prepolymer (including a so-called oligomer) having a group and / or a composition which is appropriately mixed with a monomer and which can be cured by ionizing radiation is preferably used. These prepolymers or monomers are used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

Specifically, the above prepolymer or monomer contains a radically polymerizable unsaturated group such as a (meth) acryloyl group or a (meth) acryloyloxy group, or a cationically polymerizable functional group such as an epoxy group in the molecule. Consisting of a compound having Further, a polyene / thiol prepolymer based on a combination of polyene and polythiol is also preferably used. In addition, for example, a (meth) acryloyl group is
It means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. Examples of the prepolymer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include polyester (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, and triazine (meth) acrylate. The molecular weight is usually 250
Approximately 100,000 are used. Examples of the monomer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include monofunctional monomers such as methyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, and phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate. As polyfunctional monomers, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate And dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate. Examples of the prepolymer having a cationically polymerizable functional group include bisphenol type epoxy resins, epoxy resins such as novolak type epoxy compounds,
There are prepolymers of vinyl ether resins such as fatty acid vinyl ethers and aromatic vinyl ethers. Examples of the thiol include polythiols such as trimethylolpropane trithioglycolate and pentaerythritol tetrathioglycolate. Examples of the polyene include those obtained by adding allyl alcohol to both ends of a polyurethane made of a diol and a diisocyanate.

When curing with ultraviolet light or visible light, a photopolymerization initiator is further added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In the case of a resin system having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, benzoin, benzoin methyl ethers can be used alone or in combination as a photopolymerization initiator. In the case of a resin system having a cationically polymerizable functional group, an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic sulfonium salt, an aromatic iodonium salt, a metallocene compound, a benzoinsulfonic acid ester, or the like is used alone or as a mixture as a photopolymerization initiator. be able to. In addition,
The addition amount of these photopolymerization initiators is about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In addition, as the ionizing radiation, an electromagnetic wave or a charged particle having energy capable of crosslinking the molecules in the adhesive is used. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used, but it is also possible to use visible rays, X-rays, ion beams or the like. As the ultraviolet light source, a light source such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a black light, and a metal halide lamp is used. As a wavelength of the ultraviolet light, a wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm is usually mainly used. As the electron beam source, various electron beam accelerators such as Cockcroft-Walton type, Van degraft type, resonance transformer type, insulating core transformer type, or linear type, dynamitron type, high frequency type, etc.
One that irradiates electrons with energy of 1000 keV, preferably 100 to 300 keV is used.

If necessary, a thermoplastic resin such as a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, an acrylic resin, or a cellulose resin may be added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. If used without adding a diluting solvent, it becomes a hot melt adhesive.

When an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is used, irradiation is performed during, after, or after and after the application of collision pressure.

Further, various additives can be further added to the various resins used for the adhesive, if necessary. These additives include, for example, extenders (fillers) composed of fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina, and thixotropic agents such as organic bentonite (especially for transfer-receiving substrates having a large uneven step). In this case, the adhesive may be added to prevent the adhesive from flowing into the concave portion from the convex portion.).

To apply the adhesive to a sheet such as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred, a solvent (or a dispersion medium) such as water or an organic solvent is used.
In the form of a solution (or dispersion) dissolved (or dispersed) in
Alternatively, a hot-melt thermoplastic composition or a room-temperature liquid uncured resin is applied in the form of a solvent-free resin liquid. As a coating method,
It may be applied by a solution coating using a gravure roll coat or the like, which is a conventionally known coating method, or a melt coating (melt coating) method using an applicator or the like. Further, when the surface irregularity of the substrate to be transferred is large, the substrate may be applied by a coating method such as a roll coat using a roll such as a soft rubber roll or a sponge roll, a curtain flow coat, and a spray coat. When used without adding a diluting solvent, solvent drying is unnecessary. For example, heat-sensitive adhesives can be used as solventless hot-melt adhesives, respectively. In addition, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive or the like can be applied without a solvent. When used as a hot-melt adhesive, there is no solvent, so solvent drying is unnecessary even immediately before transfer, and high-speed production is possible. In addition,
The amount of the adhesive applied varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the base material and the surface condition, but is usually from 10 to 200 g / m ² (solid content).
It is about.

When the adhesive is used as a hot-melt adhesive, and when the transfer sheet is further modified to follow the irregular shape of the substrate to be transferred and transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is necessarily made of polypropylene. It is necessary to select a material exhibiting thermoplasticity or rubber elasticity at room temperature or in a heated state, such as a thermoplastic resin sheet such as a system resin. However, from another viewpoint, a material having low heat resistance should be selected for the support. Means that you don't get it. Therefore, when the adhesive is melt-coated to form a transfer sheet, when the adhesive layer is thickly applied, the support is softened by heat during the melt coating, and the adhesive is heated in an adhesive coating apparatus. The sheet may stick to the applicator roller and may be stretched, distorted, or entangled by dragging. Therefore, in such a case, the transfer sheet may be formed by applying an adhesive via a release sheet (separator) instead of directly applying the adhesive to the sheet by melt coating. That is, the adhesive is heated and melt-coated on a release sheet having heat resistance and release properties, and then the release sheet and the sheet to be the transfer sheet are temporarily laminated by a nip roller or the like with the applied adhesive. Then, by peeling only the release sheet from the sheet by a peeling roller or the like,
The transfer sheet having the adhesive layer formed thereon can be obtained by reducing heat damage to the sheet. The release sheet does not need to be stretchable. A heat-resistant resin sheet such as biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate sheet, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, or polyimide, or paper is used as a base material. For example, a conventionally known release sheet subjected to a release treatment by such coating can be used. The thickness of the release sheet is usually about 50 to 200 μm.

In addition, when a heat-sensitive adhesive such as a heat-sensitive adhesive is used as the adhesive and the adhesive is heated to activate and heat-bond the adhesive, the timing of the heating is before applying the collision pressure, during the application of the collision pressure,
Alternatively, it may be before or during the application of the collision pressure.
The heating of the adhesive is performed by heating the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred. Materials to which adhesive has been applied (transfer sheet and substrate to be transferred)
May be heated, the material on the side where the adhesive is not applied may be heated, or both materials may be heated. Further, for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles or a solid particle accelerating fluid may be used as the heating fluid.
The same timing and method of heating these adhesives can be applied to the case where the transfer sheet is heated and softened. On the other hand, if the transfer sheet follows the surface shape of the substrate to be transferred and is formed, and the adhesive is sufficiently activated, cooling of the adhesive may be promoted by cooling means such as cold air. Cold air is blown from the transfer sheet side or the transfer-receiving substrate side. In addition, cooling solid particles and cooling fluid can also be used as cooling means. The promotion of cooling also prevents the transfer sheet formed following the inside of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the transfer-receiving substrate from returning to the case where there is a restoring force after releasing the collision pressure.

[Solid Particles] As the solid particles P, glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, alundum beads,
Non-metallic inorganic particles that are inorganic powders such as corundum beads,
Iron, carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum,
Or metal particles such as metal alloys such as aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium and zinc, or fluorine resin beads, nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads,
Organic particles such as resin beads such as cross-linked rubber beads, or inorganic / resin composite particles comprising inorganic particles such as metal and resin and the like can be used. When liquid water is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, the solid particles are preferably non-metals such as stainless beads, glass beads, ceramic beads, and resin beads that do not rust or corrode with water. The shape is preferably spherical, but spheroidal, polyhedral, scaly,
Amorphous and other shapes can also be used. The particle size of the solid particles is usually about 10 to 1000 μm.

The solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. When heated solid particles are used, the activation of the adhesive by heating and the promotion of crosslinking and curing thereof, or the improvement of the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet can be performed together with the pressing of the transfer sheet. In this case, the transfer sheet, the substrate to be transferred, and the adhesive may be heated to some extent by another heating method before the collision pressure is applied. For the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after the heated solid particles collide with the cooled solid particles. In addition, the transfer sheet, the base material to be transferred, the adhesive, etc., which need to be heated by another heating method, are sufficiently heated, and the cooling solid particles are used for the formation, adhesion and cooling of the transfer sheet. It can be done at the same time. In order to heat or cool the solid particles, when storing the solid particles in a tank such as a hopper or the like, the solid particles may be heated or cooled during storage. Further, the solid particles may be heated or cooled while passing through the transport tube.

[Application of Impact Pressure by Solid Particles] In order to strike the solid particles against the transfer sheet and apply the impact pressure to press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, the solid particles are ejected from an ejector for ejecting the solid particles. The ink is ejected toward the transfer sheet to apply a collision pressure to the transfer sheet. Typically, an impeller or a blowing nozzle is used for the ejector. The impeller accelerates the solid particles by its rotation, and the blowing nozzle conveys and accelerates the solid particles by a high-speed fluid flow as a solid particle accelerating fluid. Sandblasting, shot blasting, shot peening and the like used in the blasting field can be used for the impeller and the blowing nozzle. For example, a centrifugal blast device is used for the impeller, and a pressurized or suction blast device, a wet blast device, or the like is used for the blowing nozzle. The centrifugal blast device accelerates and ejects solid particles by the rotational force of the impeller. A pressurized blasting device ejects solid particles together with air while being mixed with compressed air. The suction-type blast device sucks solid particles into a negative pressure portion generated by a high-speed flow of compressed air, and ejects the solid particles together with the air. The wet blast device mixes and ejects solid particles with a liquid. In addition to the blowing nozzle and the impeller, a method of accelerating solid particles using free fall due to gravity, a method of accelerating magnetic particles by a magnetic field, and the like can be used for the ejector. In the case of an ejector using an impeller, gravity, and a magnetic field, it is also possible to eject solid particles toward a transfer sheet in a vacuum.

[Ejector: Impeller] FIGS. 3 and 4 are conceptual diagrams showing an example of an ejector using an impeller. Impeller 81
2 is a plurality of blades 813 having two side plates 81 on both sides thereof.
4 and a hollow portion 815 without a blade 813 at the center of rotation. A direction controller 816 is provided in the hollow portion.
(See FIG. 4). The direction controller has a hollow cylindrical shape having an opening 817 with a part of the outer periphery opened in the circumferential direction, has the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812, and is rotatable independently of the impeller. It has become. In use, the ejection direction of the solid particles is adjusted by setting the direction of the opening of the direction controller. Further, in the direction controller, another impeller having a hollow inside and the same rotation axis as the impeller 812 has a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 4). The spreader rotates with the outer impeller 812. A rotating shaft 819 is fixed to the center of rotation of the side plate 814. The rotating shaft 819 is rotatably supported by a bearing 820, and is driven and rotated by a rotating power source (not shown) such as an electric motor. Rotate. Then, the solid particles P are supplied from a hopper or the like to the inside of the sprayer 818.
Then, the solid particles scatter outside with the impeller of the sprayer,
It is emitted only in the direction allowed by the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 and is supplied between the blades 813 of the outer impeller 812. Then, the solid particles collide with the blade 813 and are accelerated by the rotational force of the impeller 812,
It gushing from the impeller. In addition, the impeller 8
The size of 12 is usually about 5 to 60 cm in diameter, the width of the blade is about 5 to 20 cm, the length of the blade is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is about 500 to 5000 [rpm]. The ejection speed of the solid particles is 10 to 50.
[M / s], and the projection density (total weight of solid particles colliding per unit area of the base material) is 10 to 150 [kg / m ² ].
It is about.

[Ejector: Ejector Nozzle] FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an ejector using an ejector nozzle. An ejector 840 shown in the figure is an example of an ejector in which a gas such as air is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid, and the gas and the solid particles are mixed and ejected when ejecting the solid particles. The ejector 840
An induction chamber 841 for mixing the solid particles P and the fluid F, an internal nozzle 842 for jetting a fluid into the induction chamber, and a blowing nozzle unit 8 for jetting solid particles and a fluid from a nozzle opening 843.
44. A fluid F in a pressurized state from a compressor or the like is ejected from an internal nozzle 842 and passes through an induction chamber 841 to a nozzle 8.
When jetting from the nozzle opening 843 of the nozzle 44, a negative pressure is created by the action of the fluid flow flowing at high speed in the guide chamber 841 in the ejector, and the negative pressure guides and mixes the solid particles into the fluid flow, The nozzle 844 accelerates and transports the solid particles by the flow.
Are ejected from the nozzle opening 843 together with the fluid flow. In addition, there is a blowing nozzle or the like that uses a liquid as a solid particle acceleration fluid. Fluid pressure is spraying pressure, usually 0.1 to 10 kg
/ Cm ² . The flow velocity of the fluid flow is usually 1
About 20 to 20 m / sec, and usually about 5 to 80 m / sec for air flow.

[How to Use the Spouter] If the pressurized area cannot be formed into a desired shape and size by using only one spouter, a plurality of spouters are used. For example, in order to make the entire width in the width direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transfer sheet and the base material, a plurality of strips are arranged in a straight line in the width direction, and a wide strip shape is linear in the width direction. Pressure region. Further, in order to lengthen the collision pressure application time, the ejectors are arranged in a multistage arrangement in which, for example, two or more rows are arranged in the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the base material. When a plurality are arranged, it is preferable that the adjacent pressurized regions of the individual ejectors partially overlap each other. In addition, the collision pressure of the solid particles can be set non-uniformly, for example, a mountain-shaped pressure distribution or the like, which is maximum at the center in the width direction orthogonal to the transfer sheet feeding direction and decreases as it approaches the both ends in the width direction. . With this setting, the crimping is performed in a stepwise manner from the center to both ends to prevent the air from being trapped inside. of course,
The collision pressure is set within an appropriate pressure range that is equal to or higher than the pressure at which the transfer can be completely performed and is equal to or lower than the pressure at which the transfer sheet is not deformed and the transfer-receiving substrate is not deformed or damaged. When a plurality of ejectors are used, if each of the envelope surfaces (the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the transport direction) of the transfer surface of the transfer-receiving substrate is a cylindrical convex curved surface having a circular shape, each ejector is The ejector can also be arranged with the direction of the envelope normal to the adjacent substrate to be transferred so that the solid particles collide substantially perpendicularly with the respective primary collision surfaces.

[Transfer by Actual Curved Surface Transfer Apparatus] When solid particles are actually used, it is preferable that the solid particles be recycled without being scattered in the surrounding atmosphere. Therefore, an example of a curved surface transfer method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6, which is a conceptual diagram of an example of a curved surface transfer device that performs continuous transfer while preventing scattering and circulating reuse of solid particles using a chamber.

In this apparatus, a continuous belt-shaped sheet is used as a transfer sheet S, a flat base material having a flat envelope surface of a transfer surface having irregularities is used as a transfer base material B, and a decorative layer is used. Etc. are sequentially and continuously transferred. That is, the transfer sheet S is unwound from the sheet feeding device 21 of the sheet conveying device 20 with respect to the transferred substrate B conveyed by the substrate conveying device 10 such as a driving rotary roller row, a belt conveyor, and the like. The chamber 3 of the collision pressure applying unit 30 while being transported at the same speed as
In 3, the solid particles P are ejected from the ejector 32 to collide the solid particles with the surface of the transfer sheet on the side of the support, and the transfer pressure is applied by pressing the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred with the impact pressure. Then, after the transfer sheet is pressed against and adhered to the base material to be transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off by the peeling roller 60, so that the decorative material D is obtained. The transfer sheet support after passing through the peeling roller is taken up as a discharge roll by the sheet discharge device 23. The chamber 33 covers at least the opening of the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate exposed to the collision pressure, except for the entrance of the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate, and at least the opening of the ejector, so that the solid particles are placed in an external working atmosphere. I try not to leak it. For this reason, the pressure inside the chamber is preferably made lower (negative pressure) than the outside.

The solid particles P are transferred from the hopper 31 to the chamber 3.
3, is supplied to a jetting device 32, where it is accelerated and jetted toward a transfer sheet S in a chamber 33. Then, the transfer sheet is exposed to collision of solid particles ejected from the ejector. The change in the momentum of the solid particles per unit time at the time of collision is the collision pressure for pressing the transfer sheet against the base material. The collision pressure application area is, for example, a belt-like shape that covers the entire width of the transfer target substrate in a direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the transfer target substrate and the transfer sheet. The area is sequentially exposed to the impact pressure. Then, the solid particles that have collided with the transfer sheet bypass the side surface of the sheet supporting device 22 and collect in the lower portion of the chamber 33, from which the solid particles are sucked by the drain pipe 34 and are returned to the original hopper 31.
Will be collected. The air in the chamber for collecting and transporting the solid particles is also sucked together with the solid particles by a drain pipe 34, separated from the solid particles by a separator 35 using a filter or the like provided at the upper part of the hopper, and separated by a vacuum pump 36. It is discharged outside.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 6, a substrate coating apparatus 50 for coating an adhesive layer and an undercoat layer, and drying and
A substrate heating device 41 for heating the adhesive layer or the transferred substrate on the transferred substrate is provided on the outer upstream side of the chamber 33, and
It can be done at the same time as the transfer. Further, the transfer sheet S
If it is necessary to improve the stretchability of the sheet, the sheet may be heated and softened by a sheet heating device 40 using an infrared radiation heater, dielectric heating or the like immediately before the application of the collision pressure. Fig. 6
Then, the transfer sheet is placed in the chamber 33 in the sheet supporting device 2.
After the sheet is conveyed while being clamped at both ends in the width direction in 2, the sheet is heated by a sheet heating device 40 using infrared heating or the like so that the sheet is stretched so as not to hinder the conveyance. Further, the heating by the sheet heating device 40 shown in the figure is performed after the transfer sheet has approached the base material, so that the adhesive layer on the base material to be transferred or the base material to be transferred is indirectly heated, or the heat radiation thereof is performed. It also plays a role in prevention.

The transfer sheet is pressed against the substrate to be transferred by the transfer pressure due to the solid particle collision pressure, and the transfer sheet is extended and deformed into the concave portions of the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, whereby the surface of the transfer sheet is deformed. It is molded and pressed according to the uneven shape, and is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred by the activated adhesive layer. In the case of FIG. 6, the transfer-receiving substrate on which the transfer sheet is in close contact is placed in the second chamber 71 on the downstream side of the chamber 33.
Inside, the solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet are blown with air by a removing device 70 (also used as a cooling device by air cooling) to blow off and remove the solid particles, and at the same time, the adhesive layer, the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet are removed. Then, the support is cooled to a temperature at which the support can be peeled off.

[Heating Method of Adhesive, etc.] Even in the case where the solid particle collision pressure is used for the transfer pressure pressing, as in the conventional transfer method using the elastic roller, the adhesive or the transfer is performed before or after the transfer pressure pressing. The sheet, the substrate to be transferred, and the like can be appropriately heated. In the example of FIG. 6, the substrate to be transferred (and the adhesive layer thereon) is heated by the substrate heating device 41 before the impact pressure is pressed, and further heated by the sheet heating device 40 including the transfer sheet, so that the impact pressure is reduced. It was a method of adding. Heating at the time of impact pressure pressing uses heated solid particles as solid particles, and in the case of an ejector using a blowing nozzle, both the solid particle accelerating fluid and the heating fluid are used. Further, radiation heating from an infrared heater from the transfer sheet support side or the back side of the substrate to be transferred may be used. Of course, heating before and during the pressing of the collision pressure or heating only during the pressing and pressing may be used as appropriate. However, if the hot air heating is performed in the chamber, the gas flows into the chamber and affects the chamber pressure balance. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the heating outside the chamber.

[Others] Note that the curved surface transfer method of the present invention is not limited to the description based on FIG. For example, FIG.
In this example, the position of the ejector is fixed, the transfer base material and the transfer sheet are moved, and the collision pressure is sequentially applied to the entire surface of the transfer surface. However, the transfer base material and the transfer sheet are fixed, and the ejector is fixed. May be moved so as to intermittently transfer each substrate. In addition to applying the collision pressure from above to the transfer surface of the substrate to be transferred, the collision pressure may be applied vertically or in an inclined state or from below. Before the collision pressure is applied, the transfer sheet may be preliminarily pressed against the transfer substrate by the elastic roller.

[Post-processing] In order to impart durability, design feeling, and the like to the surface after transfer, a transparent protective layer (top coat layer) may be further applied. Examples of such a transparent protective layer include a one- or two-component curable urethane resin, an ionizing radiation-curable resin cured by ultraviolet light or an electron beam, a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, and polymethacrylic acid. One or two or more of acrylic resin such as methyl, silicone resin, etc. are used as a binder, and if necessary, a UV absorber such as benzotriazole or ultrafine cerium oxide (if not cured by UV), a hindered amine type A paint to which a light stabilizer such as a radical scavenger, a coloring pigment, an extender pigment, a lubricant and the like are added is used. In particular, in the present invention, since the thermoplastic urethane resin is used for at least one layer of the transfer layer, when that layer is the outermost layer, the adhesion to the transparent protective layer is good. If a resin having a hydroxyl group or an amino group is used as the thermoplastic urethane resin, the adhesion is better. The coating is performed by spray coating, flow coating, roll coating using a soft rubber roll or sponge roll, or the like. The thickness of the transparent protective layer is about 1 to 100 μm.

[Cosmetic Material] Cosmetic materials obtained by the transfer method of the present invention include exterior materials such as outer walls, fences, roofs, gates, and gable plates, architectural interior materials such as wall surfaces and ceilings, window frames, doors, and handrails. , Sills, doors and other fixtures, cabinets and other furniture surface materials, light electricity and OA
It can be used in various fields such as equipment cabinets or vehicle interior materials such as automobiles.

[0051]

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Embodiment 1 First, a transfer base material B having three-dimensional surface irregularities is shown in a plan view of FIG.
(B) a groove-like concave portion 401 of joint having a depth of 2 mm and an opening width of 6 mm as large irregularities as exemplified in the perspective view of the main part of FIG.
It has a brick-patterned flat convex part 402, and has large pattern irregularities having a matte-tone fine irregularity 403 having a depth distributed in a range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm on the flat convex part as fine irregularities. A 12-mm-thick calcium silicate plate having three-dimensional surface irregularities on which fine irregularities overlap was prepared. Then, undercoating and undercoating were performed on the uneven surface by another apparatus offline. The transfer sheet S has a thickness of 100
On one surface of a polypropylene thermoplastic elastomer film having a thickness of μm, a brick-like pattern having a cement joint whose position was synchronized with the shape of the uneven surface was sequentially gravure-printed as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer. A thermoplastic polyurethane resin was used as a resin for the binder of the picture ink, and reddish, isoindolinone, carbon black, and titanium white were used as the coloring pigments. As the thermoplastic polyurethane resin, a resin having a hydroxyl group using polyester as a polyol component and isophorodiisocyanate as an isocyanate component was used. This resin has a molecular weight of 40,
000, glass transition temperature -45 ° C, elongation at break 600%,
100% elongation stress 36 [kg / cm ² ], heat softening temperature 1
00 ° C.

Next, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 6, an ejector using an impeller as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. It is placed on the substrate transporting device 10 composed of a row of transporting rollers and transported, and the acrylic urethane two-part curable adhesive is applied to the substrate coating device 50 at 10 g / m ² (solid content). After the solution is applied to the thickness, the adhesive is heated and dried by the substrate heating device 41 and the substrate to be transferred is heated, and the temperature of the substrate to be transferred is heated to 110 to 120 ° C. Supplied. On the other hand, the transfer sheet S is also positioned by the sheet feeding device 20 so that the joint side of the pattern and the joint-shaped groove-shaped concave portion of the transfer-receiving substrate are aligned (registered) with the support side thereof facing upward. It was supplied to the collision pressure application section. The substrate B to be transferred is the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit.
When it entered, the transfer sheet was brought close to the transfer-receiving substrate. Then, both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet were sandwiched between the front and back sides by a pair of endless belt-shaped sheet support devices 22. In this state, preheating of the transfer sheet, activation of the adhesive, and heating of the substrate to be transferred were performed by the sheet heating device 40 using radiant heat from a heating wire heater from the support side of the transfer sheet.

Next, as the solid particles P, an average particle size of 0.4
mm spherical zinc spheres were ejected from the ejector 32 and collided with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the transfer sheet was pressed against the substrate to be transferred. The rotation speed of the impeller of the ejector is 3600 [r
pm], and the ejection speed of the solid particles was 35 [m / s]. Then, the transfer sheet is extended into the concave portion of the joint and heat-fused. Then, in the second chamber 71 provided downstream from the chamber 33, the cooling device 70 blows cold air at 20 ° C. After cooling the adhesive to a temperature lower than the bonding temperature and removing solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet from the end of the transfer sheet toward the lower part of the chamber, the support of the transfer sheet is removed by the peeling roller 60. By peeling off, a decorative material D was obtained. The pattern was transferred to the decorative material following the surface irregularities. In particular, in the portion where the transfer sheet was greatly extended in the concave portion of the joint groove, the transfer layer was transferred without cracking or transfer omission following the concave portion shape. Further, an emulsion paint of polyvinylidene fluoride containing 2% by weight of a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber was applied to the surface of the transfer layer of the decorative material to a dry thickness of 10 μm,
A transparent protective layer was formed to obtain a decorative material with a transparent protective layer.

[Examples 2 to 4] Except that the resin of the decorative layer serving as the transfer layer was changed to the thermoplastic urethane resin shown in Table 1,
In the same manner as in Example 1, decorative boards of Examples 2 to 4 were obtained.
As a result, in all of Examples 2 to 4, as in Example 1, the decorative material was transferred with a pattern following the surface irregularities. In particular, in the portion where the transfer sheet was greatly extended in the concave portion of the joint groove, the transfer layer was transferred without cracking or transfer omission following the concave portion shape.

[0056]

[Table 1] Note: PCD is polycarbonate diol, AD is adipate diol. IPDI is isophorone diisocyanate, MDI is hexamethylene diisocyanate.

[0057]

According to the present invention, a decorative material having a large three-dimensional uneven surface decorated can be easily obtained. Of course, two-dimensional irregularities such as window frames and sashes are also possible.
It can be easily obtained even if it has a wavy shape (envelope surface shape) as a whole, or a convex or concave curved shape like a tile. In addition, it is possible to transfer on the convex portion of the large irregular surface and also inside the concave portion (the bottom portion or the side surface which is the connecting portion between the convex portion and the bottom portion).
Further, even when there is a finer uneven pattern (for example, a hairline, a satin finish, etc.) on the convex part of the large unevenness, the decoration can be transferred to the concave part of the fine unevenness. In particular, since the transfer layer is made of a thermoplastic urethane resin, the transfer layer may peel off from the support even in areas where the transfer sheet is sharply stretched greatly by the impact pressure and transferred, such as in concave portions with large irregularities. Since the molding is performed following the elongation of the transfer sheet without (foil dropping), transfer can be performed without causing transfer omission even in the concave portion. In particular, with the curved surface transfer method of the present invention using the solid particle collision pressure as the transfer pressure, it is possible to transfer even large irregularities, and the transfer speed can be reduced by lowering the transfer speed like a conventional elastic roller. Since there is no,
is important. Further, since the resin of the transfer layer is a thermoplastic urethane resin, adhesion is better as compared with other thermoplastic resins. For example, when it is the outermost layer, adhesion is good even if a transparent protective layer or the like is formed thereon by painting. Further, unlike the conventional rubber roller pressing method, there is no wear of parts such as the roller due to the concave and convex portions of the substrate to be transferred. As a result, a decorative material having an extremely excellent design property is obtained, which has never been obtained before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram outlining a curved surface transfer method of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory views showing an example of a substrate to be transferred having three-dimensional surface irregularities, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view conceptually illustrating an example of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the inside of the impeller of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view conceptually illustrating an example of an ejector using an ejection nozzle.

6A and 6B are conceptual diagrams of an example of a curved surface transfer device capable of performing the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, wherein FIG. 6A is a diagram viewed from a side in a substrate transport direction, and FIG. The schematic apparatus figure which looked at the ejection part from the substrate conveyance direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 support 2 transfer layer 10 base material transport device 20 sheet transport device 21 sheet feed device 22 sheet support device 23 sheet discharge device 30 collision pressure applying unit 31 hopper 32 ejector 33 chamber 34 drain pipe 35 separation device 36 vacuum pump 40 sheet Heating device 41 Substrate heating device 50 Substrate coating device 60 Peeling roller 70 Removing device (also cooling device) 71 Second chamber 401 Groove-shaped concave portion 402 Flat convex portion 403 Fine irregularity 812 Impeller 813 Blade 814 Side plate 815 Hollow portion 816 Direction controller 817 Opening 818 Sprayer 819 Rotating shaft 820 Bearing 840 Spouter using blowout nozzle 841 Induction chamber 842 Internal nozzle 843 Nozzle opening 844 Nozzle A Adhesive layer B Substrate D Decorative plate P Solid particles S Transfer Sheet

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer, wherein the transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving base material having the uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. Utilizing the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred, and after the transfer layer adheres to the substrate to be transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to remove the transfer layer. A curved surface transfer method for transferring to a substrate to be transferred, wherein at least one of the transfer layers is a transfer sheet composed of a layer containing a thermoplastic urethane resin as a main component resin.